Porting Tizen v2.3 on ODROID U3. SKKU Embedded Software Lab.

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Olivia Woods
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1 1 Porting Tizen v2.3 on ODROID U3

2 Index 2 Tizen Device Partitioning Tizen U-Boot Building the Kernel Flashing a Tizen Platform Image Tizen Platform Configuration Troubleshootings

3 3 Tizen Device Partitioning

4 Tizen Partition Layout 4 Tizen Partitions layout 7 partitions : mmcblk0p1 ~ mmcblk0p7 MBR(Master Boot Record) supports only up to four partitions Partition Mount Point Option Description /dev/mmcblk0p1 /csa Rw Configuration Saved Area /dev/mmcblk0p2 /boot Ro Kernel image /dev/mmcblk0p3 - - Reserved /dev/mmcblk0p4 /mnt/csc Rw Customer Software Configuration, default language, time, etc. /dev/mmcblk0p5 / Ro Platform /dev/mmcblk0p6 /opt Rw Data, App, etc /dev/mmcblk0p7 /opt/usr rw User space Use 4 important partitions

5 Connect SD Card Reader with VMWare 5 Use SD card, VMWare, and SD card reader

6 Tizen Device Partitioning [1/3] 6 Set partitions using Gparted Install Gparted sudo apt-get install gparted Create all partitions except the first 2MB of space First 2MB : Space for bootloader (U-Boot) Gparted

7 Tizen Device Partitioning [2/3] 7 Delete the existing partition on SD card [Example] SD card size : 8GB Device node : /dev/sdb

8 Tizen Device Partitioning [3/3] 8 Leave 2MB for U-Boot Partition Label boot rootfs system-data user

9 9 Tizen U-Boot

10 U-boot Bootloader 10 Boot process Rom(In SOC) bl1 bl2 ( uboot.bin)

11 Binary Download 11 U-boot Files BL1, BL2, signature from HardKernel Tizen U-boot Binary Download Hardkernel U-boot bl1, bl Download Tizen U-boot binary

12 Fusing [1/2] 12 Extract u-boot-mmc.bin file from RPM package Modify sd_fusing.sh script Change file name and path

13 Fusing [2/2] 13 Check device nodes after connecting SD card reader ls /dev/sd* Typically the name of device node is /dev/sdb Set the excution permission chmod +x sd_fusing.sh Fusing sudo./sd_fusing.sh /dev/sdb

14 Check System Operation 14 Connect UART U-Boot operation message will be printed out. U-boot Partition 2 Partition 3 Partition 3 Storage (SD Card)

Change Mount Option On U-Boot 15 Change boot arguments of U-Boot Set read and write option for root file system setenv kernel_args "setenv bootargs

15 Change Mount Option On U-Boot 15 Change boot arguments of U-Boot Set read and write option for root file system setenv kernel_args "setenv bootargs root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootfstype=ext4 rootwait rw console=ttysac1,115200n8" saveenv Expand boot delay time (can be skipped) setenv bootdelay 3 saveenv

16 16 Building the Kernel

17 Default Environment Setting 17 Setting for kernel build Installing required libraries Enter the following command in terminal sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev build-essential

18 Kernel Download 18 Use Gerrit (

19 Kernel Download 19 Download Kernel source code git clone tizen:platform/kernel/linux-3.10 Set branch Check branch list git branch a (Run in target directory) Checkout Tizen branch git checkout tizen

Cross Compiler (Toolchain) 20 Cross Toolchain To build the kernel targeting for ARM architecture in the X86 environment Default toolchain of Tizen 2.x is arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc-4.

20 Cross Compiler (Toolchain) 20 Cross Toolchain To build the kernel targeting for ARM architecture in the X86 environment Default toolchain of Tizen 2.x is arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc-4.5" Automatically installed with Tizen SDK Ex) /TIZEN_SDK_PATH/tool/arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc-4.5 Install 64bit compatible library (If you use a 64bit system) Sudo apt-get install libc6-i386 lib32stdc++6 lib32gcc1 lib32ncurses5 zlib1g:i386

21 Cross Compiler Configuration 21 Two Options 1. Manual configuration Export cross compile information export ARCH=arm export CROSS_COMPILE=/TOOLCHAIN_PATH/arm-linux-gnueabi- gcc-4.5/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi- 2. Modify Makefile Various configuration options for compile or build Edit makefile in kernel directory Edit ARCH & CROSS_COMPILE

22 Apply Defconfig 22 defconfig Kernel configuration file In./arch/arm/configs/ Default Tizen defconfig is tizen_defconfig Apply ODROID defconfig make tizen_odroid_defconfig

23 Kernel Configuration 23 Change kernel configurations using make menuconfig

24 CPU Governor 변경 24 There is a temperature problem in the default configuration The temperature is too high in performance governor Change governor from performance to ondemad CPU Power Management -> CPU Frequency scaling -> Default CPUFreq governor

WiFi Support 25 Enable RTL8192 WiFi module support Networking support -> Wireless Enable 80211

25 WiFi Support 25 Enable RTL8192 WiFi module support Networking support -> Wireless Enable protocol Device Driver -> Network device support -> Wireless LAN Wireless device driver configuration

26 Bluetooth Support [1/2] 26 Enable Bluetooth support for Tizen Networking support > Bluetooth subsystem support Bluetooth device drivers

27 Bluetooth Support [2/2] 27 Enable Rfkill Userspace tool to query the state of the rfkill switches, buttons and subsystem interfaces Networking support

28 cgroup Configuration 28 cgroup(control Group) limits and isolates the resource usage (CPU, memory, etc.) of a collection of processes. The error is occurred at default configuration General setup -> Control Group support

29 Change Default GPU Driver [1/3] 29 Default GPU driver version is changed in the latest version from R3P2 to R4P0 Current CPU Driver version does not match with DDK

30 Change Default GPU Driver [2/3] - Graphics support 30 - ARM GPU configuration - Mali-400 support

31 Change Default GPU Driver [3/3] - Select Mali Version 31 1 Change from R4P0 to R3P2 2

32 Kernel Build 32 Make zimage sudo make zimage j 4 Set the number of thread with the option of -j 4 Typically set about 1.5 times the number of CPU threads

Device Tree 33 Device tree Data structure for describing hardware Can be described in a data structure that is passed to the operating system at boot

33 Device Tree 33 Device tree Data structure for describing hardware Can be described in a data structure that is passed to the operating system at boot time Data structure itself is a simple tree of named nodes and properties File organization dtsi : platform common dts : board specific dtb : binary file

34 Kernel Build 34 Make Device Tree make exynos4412-odroidu3.dtb Make final ziamge cat arch/arm/boot/zimage arch/arm/boot/dts/exynos4412- odroidu3.dtb >./zimage zimage is created in the root directory of the kernel

Kernel Image Copy 35 Copy kernel zimage into 1 st partition of SD card Make a temporary directory to mount the partition. mkdir boot sudo mount /dev/sdb1.

35 Kernel Image Copy 35 Copy kernel zimage into 1 st partition of SD card Make a temporary directory to mount the partition. mkdir boot sudo mount /dev/sdb1./boot/ Copy zimage cp./zimage./boot/ You can use prebuild kernel image ting/kernel%20image/zimage

36 Check System Operation 36 Check kernel message U-boot Kernel Partition 2 Partition 3 Partition 3

37 37 Platform Image Flash

38 Tizen Platform Image 38 Three platform images Can download the released version from Tizen download site (Tizen 2.3 for RD-PQ) Root Filesystem 2 nd Partition App Data 3 rd Partition User Area 4 th Partition

39 Image Flash 39 Connect SD card at VMware Use dd command Check the device node of SD card sudo dd if=./rootfs.img of=/dev/sdb2 bs=512k sudo dd if=./system-data.img of=/dev/sdb3 bs=512k sudo dd if=./user.img of=/dev/sdb4 bs=512k

40 Partition Resize 40 Resolve the partition size problem by gparted Partition size is not displayed properly sudo gparted Use check function of gparted

41 Partition Resize 41 Perform the same work for other partitions

42 Check System Operation 42 Partition mount problem will be shown Partition label is not recognized properly in the mounting process (rootfs, system-data, user) This issue will be solved at the next step. U-boot Kernel Rootfs System-data User

43 43 Tizen Platform Configuration

44 Partition Mount Option 44 Change mount option in systemd Path : ROOTFS_OF_SDCARD/etc/systemd/system/localfs.target.wants Delete unused mount services csa.mount, opt-system-csc.mount Modify App data and user partitions opt.mount, opt-user.mount Delete Edit Delete Edit

45 Partition Mount Option 45 Change mount partition name Data partition (opt.mount) dev-disk-by\x2dpartlabel-system\x2ddata dev-mmcblk0p3 /dev/disk/by-partlabel/system-data /dev/mmcblk0p3 User partition (opt-usr.mount) dev-disk-by\x2dpartlabel-user dev-mmcblk0p4 /dev/disk/by-partlabel/user /dev/mmcblk0p4

46 Mount Option 46 Edit fstab Specify the required mount operations Path : /etc/fstab Change mount option of rootfs Annotating module image mount Original Modified

47 Resize Service 47 Do not need additional partition resize process Path : ROOTFS_OF_SDCARD/usr/lib/systemd/system/localfs.target.wants Remove resize2fs-root.service file. resize2fs-root.service

48 Deviced Configuration [1/2] 48 If battery capacity is low, the system forced to shut down device. Change the batter capacity threshold value File : /etc/battery.conf [LOWBAT] #low battery level Normal=100 Warning=15 Critical=5 PowerOff=1 RealOff=0 [LOWBAT] #low battery level Normal=0 Warning=0 Critical=0 PowerOff=0 RealOff=0

49 Deviced Configuration[2/2] 49 Should prevent ODROID-U3 from entering the SLEEP state Change the timeout values File : /etc/display.conf # display state is changed to SLEEP state after this time. # If this value is large, it causes power consumption problem. LCDOffTimeout= # milli second # If this value is yes, LCD is always on except pressing power key. # Default value is no, LCD is turned off by lcd timeout. LCDAlwaysOn=yes # yes or no

50 Check System Operation 50 UART Message Login ID is root

51 51 Troubleshootings

52 Troubleshooting 52 Index 1. Sound Problem 2. Activate SDB 3. Display Output - Xorg DDX 4. Booting Animation 5. Touch Screen Calibration 6. Adjust UI Size 7. Wi-Fi 8. Bluetooth 9. Pop-up Window 10. OpenGL Acceleration You can download files related to troubleshooting Porting/Troubleshooting/

53 1. Sound Problem [1/3] 53 Tizen Sound System Pulse Audio : Third-party open-source framework to provide more sound-related functions ALSA : Kernel-level subsystems for sound support

54 1. Sound Problem [2/3] 54 Reference phone and ODROID-U3 have different sound output devices Pulseaudio service is failed Check ODROID U3 sound device aplay l Card : 0 / Device : 1

55 1. Sound Problem [3/3] 55 Change the default output device in Pulse Audio setting File : /etc/pulse/system.pa Change the output device from hw:0,3 to hw:0,1

56 2. Activate SDB [1/3] 56 Samsung Debug Bridge (Similar function with ADB) Can connect ODROID-U3 with Host PC Tizen on ODROID-U3: Need to set SDB daemon.

57 2. Activate SDB [2/3] Create a script to activate USB host device Make a script file /bin/pre-sdbd.sh #!/bin/bash echo sdb > /sys/class/usb_mode/usb0/funcs_fconf echo 1 > /sys/class/usb_mode/usb0/enable sdbd chmod +x pre-sdbd.sh

58 2. Activate SDB [3/3] 2. Change SDBD service file Delete service dependencies Add script execute command 58 [Unit] Description=sdbd After=default.target Delete [Service] Type=forking Environment=DISPLAY=:0 PIDFile=/tmp/.sdbd.pid RemainAfterExit=yes ExecStartPre=/bin/bash /bin/pre-sdbd.sh ExecStart=/usr/sbin/sdbd /usr/lib/systemd/system/sdbd.service script to activate USB device Activate SDBD service then reboot the system Make symbolic link

59 3. Display Output - Xorg DDX [1/4] 59 Device Dependent X DDX is connected to the display on the Xorg If device has no LCD, DDX does not operated properly.

60 3. Display Output - Xorg DDX [2/4] 60 Download source code from Gerrit git clone git://git.tizen.org/adaptation/ap_samsung/xserverxorg-video-exynos Change branch git checkout tizen_2.3 Modify code Path :./src/crtcconfig (Perform display configuration) Sec_display.c _secsetmainmode (ScrnInfoPtr pscrn, SECModePtr psecmode) Determine main output display

61 3. Display Output - Xorg DDX [3/4] 61 Original code HDMI device cannot be a main output device Modified code Add HDMI device

62 3. Display Output - Xorg DDX [4/4] 62 Build with GBS Install RPM package Copy RPM package into Odroid-U3 sdb root on sdb push./package_filename /LOCATION Install rpm Uvh --force --nodeps PACKAGE_FILENAME

63 4. Booting Animation 63 If there are no LVDS devoce (LCD), the booting animation program does not work. Source code git clone git://git.tizen.org/apps/home/boot-animation File :./src/animation.c Delete device check process

64 5. Touch Screen Calibration 64 With ODROID-Vu, touch-coordinate error Xorg provides its own touch calibration function Path : /etc/x11/xorg.conf.d/input.conf Add calibaration option to InputClass Section "InputClass" Identifier "evdev touchscreen catchall" MatchIsTouchScreen "on" MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*" Driver "evdevmultitouch Option "MultiTouch" "10" Option "Calibration" " " EndSection If you use other input device, you can know the correct values using xinput_calibrator

65 6. Adjust UI Size 65 Text and some UI will be too small in the default configuration Change the display configuration of EFL enlightenment File : /etc/profile.d/elm.sh export ELM_PROFILE="mobile" export ELM_SCALE=1.5 export SCALE_FACTOR=1.5 Add this options Size is changed

66 7. Platform Setting for WiFi [1/3] 66 Copy WiFi firmware The WiFi device will load the firmware during the device initialization phase Copy rtl8192 firmware to /lib/firmware directory In ODROID : lib/firmware/rtlwifi/ Modify a shell script /usr/bin/wlan.sh

67 7. Modify wlan.sh [2/3] 67 wlan.sh [start] [stop] [softap] [p2p] [check_hw] Can support hotspot / Wi-Di Apply only the regular net functionalities #!/bin/sh IFACE_NAME=wlan0 start() { /sbin/ifconfig ${IFACE_NAME} up } stop() { } /sbin/ifconfig ${IFACE_NAME} down case $1 in "start") start ;; "stop") stop ;; *) /bin/echo wlan.sh [start] [stop] exit 1 ;; esac

68 7. Change wpa_supplicant [3/3] 68 wpa_supplicant supports various network connections Default wpa_supplicant of Tizen 2.3 generates an error at SSID connection File : /usr/sbin/wpa_supplicant Change the file to the old version of Tizen 2.2 or Tizen 2.2.1

69 8. Platform Setting for Bluetooth [1/3] 69 Scripts for Bluetooth Path./usr/etc/Bluetooth Need to modify the following files bt-stack-up.sh Bluetooth activation bt-stack-down.sh Bluetooth deactivation

70 8. Bt-stack-up.sh [2/3] 70 Need the device initialization for USB type BT Device-specific initialization is not required #!/bin/sh Device activation -> Dbus Settings -> Start Daemon # # Script for executing Bluetooth stack # # Activate BT Device rfkill unblock bluetooth /usr/sbin/hciconfig hci0 up # dbus path setting export DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:path=/run/user/app/dbus/user_bus_socket # Execute BlueZ BT stack echo "Run bluetoothd" /usr/lib/bluetooth/bluetoothd -d -C & /usr/bin/bluetooth-share & exit 0

71 8. Bt-stack-down.sh [3/3] 71 #!/bin/sh Device Deactivation-> Stop Daemon & Services # # Script for stopping Bluetooth stack # # Remove BT device /usr/sbin/hciconfig hci0 down rfkill block bluetooth # Kill BlueZ bluetooth stack killall obexd obex-client killall bt-syspopup killall bluetooth-share killall bluetooth-pb-agent killall bluetooth-map-agent killall bluetooth-hfp-agent killall bluetoothd # result exit 0

72 9. Pop-up Window [1/3] 72 Two message pop-up windows Low battery warning ODROID device has no battery SD card mount fail (External SD card) ODROID use SD card for main storage

73 9. Battery Problem [2/3] 73 Modify deviced (Device Daemon) Download source code git clone git://git.tizen.org/framework/system/deviced File :./src/core/power-supply.c Vconf_set_int() modify all values relevant to the battery configuration. File :./src/battery/lowbat-handler.c Vconf_set_int() Modify the setting value about battery state or level Lowbat_read() Modify the return value to fully-charged(100%) Refer to the appended source files

74 9. SD Card Mount Fail [3/3] 74 Modify deviced File :./src/mmc/mmc-handler.c Modify code to not call the mount code

75 10. Install OpenGL Library for 3D Acceleration [1/2] 75 OpenGL library should be installed in order to use the OpenGL platform-independent API Open Graphics Library for Embedded System

76 10. Install OpenGL Library for 3D Acceleration [2/2] 76 Copy DDK files Remove Virtual driver rpm -e --nodeps opengl-es-virtual-drv Install new package rpm Uvh force *.rpm Sync & reboot sync reboot -f

77 Etc. Application Install Error 77 Error occurs when a new application is installed with Tizen IDE or sdb install command Tizen checks the current time in the installing step Need to change the current time with date command date -s YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss'

78 Etc. Input Control 78 Tizen 2.3 has no software keys like HOME / MENU / BACK You can use USB mouse for hardware key input Wheel button - Home Right button - Back

79 Porting Complete Tizen 2.3 lock screen

Tizen.IoTivity.Init. Tizen IoTivity 를시작하기위한환경설정. Geunsun Lee

Tizen.IoTivity.Init. Tizen IoTivity 를시작하기위한환경설정. Geunsun Lee Tizen.IoTivity.Init Tizen IoTivity 를시작하기위한환경설정 Geunsun Lee 1 Installing Tizen Platform How to install IoT Headless image on RPi3(for Ubuntu) 2 Booting The RPi3 Connecting a Host PC to RPi3 via UART 3 Building