Restart Commands. Commands that create and use special reservoir-simulation files that save time by reusing the results of previous runs

Transcription

1 Rev of 54 :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Restart Tutorial Restart Commands Commands that create and use special reservoir-simulation files that save time by reusing the results of previous runs for input to the Eclipse * Reservoir Simulation Software ** vended by Schlumberger (GeoQuest) * This tutorial is based on Grid version 1999a_1. ** Eclipse is Schlumberger (GeoQuest) software. Laine & Associates, Inc.

2 :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54 Table of Contents Laine & Associates, Inc.

3 Rev of 54 :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Preface and Introduction Preface Thank you for visiting. The primary purpose of this document is to serve as a memory aid for the author. Thus, the author is also the target audience. (In other words, the quality of the composition is 100% sufficient for me to understand what I wrote.) The secondary purpose is to share this tutorial with the public. I appreciate the possibility that the general public may have some difficulty understanding the my personal abbreviations and my intuitive logic. Introduction Eclipse offers two kinds of restarts (flexible and fast.) The author recommends using flexible restarts. Both are easy to use. Flexible restart files are more versatile than fast restart files. This tutorial also offers two flexible-restart files (for Eclipse) 1. Create flexible-restart output files 2. Use the previously-created flexible-restart output files This tutorial offers three fast-restart files (for Eclipse) 1. Create fast-restart output files 2. Use the previously-created fast-restart output files, and create additional fast-restart files. 3. Use the additional previously-created fast-restart files Laine & Associates, Inc.

4 Introduction Eclipse (at least the black-oil version) offers two kinds of restart files. Fast restarts, and Flexible restarts. The major differences, according to the reference manual are: FAST RESTART 1. Fast restart files are unique to each eclipse version. A. The *.SAVE and the *.X#### files and B. the *LOAD.DATA file must both be run on the same software. (E.g., 99a_1, 2000a, etc.) 2. Fast *LOAD.DATA files are shorter than *FLEX.DATA files because the six sections are virtually eliminated. (RUNSPEC, GRID, EDIT, PROPS, REGIONS, and SOLUTION) 3. Fast restart files run faster because the do NOT recalculate the RUNSPEC, GRID, EDIT, PROPS, and REGIONS sections. 4. There are three sample files: Chap3045.DATA Defines the cards needed to create fast restart files. ChapLoad3045.DATA Defines the cards needed to use fast restart files. Defines the cards needed to create more fast restart files. ChapLoadLoad3045.DATA Defines the cards needed to use fast restart files. FLEXIBLE RESTART 1. Flexible restarts (almost always) work with different software versions. 2. There is no need to change the first five sections. (RUNSPEC, GRID, EDIT, PROPS, and REGIONS sections.) A. Portions of the SOLUTION section need to be deleted. B. Some data can be changed (NOT recommended.) i. Add wells ii. Change permeability 3. The test cases show a negligible run-time penalty (compared to fast restarts.) 4. There are two sample files: Chap3045.DATA Defines the cards needed to create flexible restart files. ChapFlex3045.DATA Defines the cards needed to use flexible restart files. :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

5 Rev of 54 :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Agreement (1 of 2) Laine & Associates, Inc. LICENSE AND WARRANTY NOTICE Laine & Associates, Inc. LAINE & ASSOCIATES, INC. (Laine) LICENSES THIS SOFTWARE TO YOU ONLY UPON THE CONDITION THAT YOU ACCEPT ALL OF THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS CONTAINED IN THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT. PLEASE READ THESE TERMS CAREFULLY. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO THESE TERMS, PLEASE DESTROY THE DOCUMENT(S) YOU HAVE DOWNLOADED IMMEDIATELY. The software and documents which accompany this license (Software) are the property of Laine or its licensors and is protected by copyright law. While Laine continues to own the Software, you will have certain rights to use the Software after your acceptance of this license. Except as may be modified by a license addendum which accompanies this license, your rights and obligations with respect to the use of this Software are as follows: YOU MAY: (i) have limited permission to copy and distribute this Software, but only for non-profit, personal use, provided there is no charge, fee, etc. for said distribution, and further provided that all copyright marks and all references to Laine & Associates, Inc. and to EricLaine.com and to Eric Laine are included in the distribution; (ii) agree that any decision to use some or all of the contents of this Software rests exclusively on your professional and competent judgment of the suitability of this Software for your intended purpose. Furthermore you understand and acknowledge that this Software was originally intended only to be useful to the author, and that you may experience difficulty understanding or using this Software; and, (iii) use the Software on a network. LIMITED WARRANTY: Laine does not warrant that the Software will meet your requirements or that operation of the Software will be uninterrupted or that the Software will be error free. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED AS IS, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, ACCURACY, OMISSIONS, COMPLETENESS, CURRENTNESS, AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. THE AUTHOR EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY, WHETHER WRITTEN OR ORAL, THAT THIS SOFTWARE WILL BE ERROR FREE OR UNAMBIGUOUS. YOU ACKNOWLEDGE THAT USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IS AT YOUR SOLE RISK, AND YOU AGREE THAT ANY INFORMATION, SERVICE OR PRODUCT, WHETHER BASED IN PART OR IN WHOLE ON THIS SOFTWARE, IS WITHOUT WARRANTY, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED.

6 Rev of 54 :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Agreement (2 of 2) Laine & Associates, Inc. LICENSE AND WARRANTY NOTICE, continued DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES: Laine & Associates, Inc. IN NO EVENT WILL LAINE BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR ANY SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, INDIRECT OR SIMILAR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY LOST PROFITS OR LOST DATA ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE SOFTWARE, EVEN IF LAINE HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE LIMITATION OR EXCLUSION OF LIABILITY FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES SO THE ABOVE LIMITATION OR EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU. IN NO CASE SHALL LAINE'S LIABILITY EXCEED THE PURCHASE PRICE FOR THE SOFTWARE. THE DISCLAIMERS AND LIMITATIONS SET FORTH ABOVE WILL APPLY REGARDLESS OF WHETHER YOU ACCEPT THE SOFTWARE. GENERAL: The author has made a good faith effort to advise all vendors of the software used to develop this Software of his intention to share this Software with others. Those vendors have neither endorsed nor declined to endorse the contents of this Software. Nothing in this Software will give you any right, title or interest in or to any of Laine s trademarks, trade names, service marks, insignia, labels or designs, or any of the same, except a mere privilege and license during its term, to display and use the same according to the foregoing limitations. Any and all opinions found in this Software are of the author. The author reserves the right to modify any and all opinions as, if, and when new information is made available. Factual input, whether supportive and dissenting, is welcome. Your input will receive due consideration and will surely affect the author's future efforts. The author expresses advance appreciation for the time and effort you devote to your communications. This is an agreement between you and the author regarding your use of this Software. You agree by your use or possession of any or all of this Software to the conditions and limitations of this agreement. This agreement is an integral part of this Software. Failure to include this entire agreement in any and all distributions of this Software shall be a breach of this license agreement, and shall not sever, void, or nullify the meaning or the intention of this agreement. This Agreement will be governed by the laws of the State of Texas. This Agreement may only by modified by a license addendum which accompanies this license or by a written document which has been signed by both you and Laine.

7 Flexible, Create - chap3045_e.data (1 of 11) ===================================================================== THIS IS THE SECOND SPE COMPARISON PROBLEM, REPORTED BY CHAPPELEAR AND NOLEN AT THE SIXTH SPE SYMPOSIUM ON RESERVOIR SIMULATION, NEW ORLEANS, JANUARY 82. IT IS A SINGLE WELL CONING STUDY, WITH THE WELL CONNECTED TO TWO GRID BLOCKS. DURING THE PRODUCTION SCHEDULE, THE WELL RATE IS SUBJECT TO LARGE CHANGES, AND AT ABOUT 250 DAYS CHANGES FROM FLOW RATE TO BHP CONTROL. ===================================================================== Eric modified to 30x1x45 for grid sensitivity study RUNSPEC DIMENS revised GRID OUTRAD added GRID DRV deactivated GRID EQUALS 'DZ' revised REGIONS FIPNUM revised SUMMARY FOPR, FWPR, FGPR, & FVPR added SUMMARY FOPT, FWPT, FGPT, & FVPT added SUMMARY FPR & WBHP added SUMMARY EXCEL added SCHEDULE RPTSCHED 5th integer (Rs) changed to 1 SCHEDULE COMPDAT found error in 40x1x61 connection transmissibility factor SCHEDULE COMPDAT revised connection transmissibility factor ===================================================================== Modified for FLEXIBLE RESTART runs. 1. FLEXIBLE RESTARTs (unlike FAST RESTARTs) do NOT use the SAVE keyword. 2. FLEXIBLE RESTARTs (unlike FAST RESTARTs) do NOT use the LOAD keyword. 3. Use RPTSOL and 'RESTART=1' or 'RESTART=2' (if desired.) 4. Use RPTSCHED and 'RESTART=2' to write RESTART files (*.X####.) RUNSPEC TITLE CHAPPELEAR 3 PHASE RADIAL CONING STUDY Do NOT need to use the SAVE keyword for FLEXIBLE RESTARTs. get ready write an unformatted, unified fast restart file SAVE :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

8 Flexible, Create - chap3045_e.data (2 of 11) DIMENS RADIAL NONNC OIL WATER GAS DISGAS FIELD EQLDIMS TABDIMS REGDIMS WELLDIMS NUPCOL 4 START 1 'JAN' 1982 NSTACK 24 want a unified output file UNIFOUT expect a unified input file UNIFIN :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

9 Flexible, Create - chap3045_e.data (3 of 11) GRID =============================================================== IN THIS SECTION, THE GEOMETRY OF THE SIMULATION GRID AND THE ROCK PERMEABILITIES AND POROSITIES ARE DEFINED. SPECIFY INNER RADIUS OF 1ST GRID BLOCK IN THE RADIAL DIRECTION deleting NOGGF gives default similar to GRIDFILE keyword. NOGGF INRAD 0.25 Eric replaced DRV with OUTRAD OUTRAD Eric removed DRV in favor of OUTRAD SPECIFY GRID BLOCK DIMENSIONS IN THE R DIRECTION DRV SPECIFY CELL THICKNESSES ( DZ ), RADIAL PERMEABILITIES ( PERMR ) AND POROSITIES ( PORO ) FOR EACH LAYER OF THE GRID. ALSO CELL TOP DEPTHS ( TOPS ) FOR LAYER 1. DTHETA IS SET TO 360 DEGREES FOR EVERY GRID BLOCK IN THE RESERVOIR. ARRAY VALUE BOX EQUALS 'DTHETA' 360 BOX DEFAULTS TO THE WHOLE GRID 'TOPS' TOP 'DZ' LAYER 1 abc 'PERMR' 35 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 2 abc 'PERMR' 47.5 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 3 abc 'PERMR' 148 'PORO' :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

10 Flexible, Create - chap3045_e.data (4 of 11) 'DZ' LAYER 4 abc 'PERMR' 202 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 5 abc 'PERMR' 90 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 6 abc 'PERMR' 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 7 abc 'PERMR' 775 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 8 abc 'PERMR' 60 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 9 abc 'PERMR' 682 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 10 abc 'PERMR' 472 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 11 abc 'PERMR' 125 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 12 abc 'PERMR' 300 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 13 abc 'PERMR' 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 14 abc 'PERMR' 191 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 15 abc 'PERMR' 350 'PORO' EQUALS IS TERMINATED BY A NULL RECORD :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

11 Flexible, Create - chap3045_e.data (5 of 11) COPY RADIAL PERMEABILITIES ( PERMR ) INTO VERTICAL PERMEABILITIES ( PERMZ ) FOR THE WHOLE GRID, AND THEN MULTIPLY PERMZ BY 0.1. SOURCE DESTINATION COPY 'PERMR' 'PERMZ' ARRAY FACTOR MULTIPLY 'PERMZ' 0.1 OUTPUT OF CELL DIMENSIONS, PERMEABILITIES, POROSITY AND TOPS DATA IS REQUESTED, AND OF THE CALCULATED PORE VOLUMES, CELL CENTRE DEPTHS AND X AND Z DIRECTION TRANSMISSIBILITIES RPTGRID FIELD 15:14 31 OCT PROPS =============================================================== THE PROPS SECTION DEFINES THE REL. PERMEABILITIES, CAPILLARY PRESSURES, AND THE PVT PROPERTIES OF THE RESERVOIR FLUIDS WATER RELATIVE PERMEABILITY AND CAPILLARY PRESSURE ARE TABULATED AS A FUNCTION OF WATER SATURATION. SWAT KRW PCOW SWFN SIMILARLY FOR GAS SGAS KRG PCOG SGFN 1 TABLES 19 NODES IN EACH FIELD 16:31 18 JAN :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

12 Flexible, Create - chap3045_e.data (6 of 11) OIL RELATIVE PERMEABILITY IS TABULATED AGAINST OIL SATURATION FOR OIL-WATER AND OIL-GAS-CONNATE WATER CASES SOIL KROW KROG SOF PVT PROPERTIES OF WATER REF. PRES. REF. FVF COMPRESSIBILITY REF VISCOSITY VISCOSIBILITY PVTW D ROCK COMPRESSIBILITY REF. PRES COMPRESSIBILITY ROCK D-6 SURFACE DENSITIES OF RESERVOIR FLUIDS OIL WATER GAS DENSITY :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

13 Flexible, Create - chap3045_e.data (7 of 11) PVT PROPERTIES OF DRY GAS (NO VAPOURISED OIL) WE WOULD USE PVTG TO SPECIFY THE PROPERTIES OF WET GAS PGAS BGAS VISGAS PVDG PVT PROPERTIES OF LIVE OIL (WITH DISSOLVED GAS) WE WOULD USE PVDO TO SPECIFY THE PROPERTIES OF DEAD OIL FOR EACH VALUE OF RS THE SATURATION PRESSURE, FVF AND VISCOSITY ARE SPECIFIED. FOR RS=1.81 THE FVF AND VISCOSITY OF UNDERSATURATED OIL ARE DEFINED AS A FUNCTION OF PRESSURE. DATA FOR UNDERSATURATED OIL MAY BE SUPPLIED FOR ANY RS, BUT MUST BE SUPPLIED FOR THE HIGHEST RS (1.81). RS POIL FVFO VISO PVTO :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

14 Flexible, Create - chap3045_e.data (8 of 11) STONE2 SWITCH ON OUTPUT OF ALL PROPS DATA RPTPROPS FIELD 15:15 31 OCT REGIONS =============================================================== THE REGIONS SECTION DEFINES HOW THE RESERVOIR IS SPLIT INTO REGIONS BY SATURATION FUNCTION, PVT FUNCTION, FLUID IN PLACE REGION ETC. Eric revised FIPNUM for 30x1x45 FIPNUM FIELD 12:27 12 JLY 85 90*1 90*2 90*3 90*4 90*5 90*6 90*7 90*1 90*9 90*10 90*11 90*12 90*13 90*14 90*15 SWITCH ON OUTPUT OF FIPNUM RPTREGS 20*0 SOLUTION =============================================================== THE SOLUTION SECTION DEFINES THE INITIAL STATE OF THE SOLUTION VARIABLES (PHASE PRESSURES, SATURATIONS AND GAS-OIL RATIOS) DATA FOR INITIALISING FLUIDS TO POTENTIAL EQUILIBRIUM DATUM DATUM OWC OWC GOC GOC RSVD RVVD SOLN DEPTH PRESS DEPTH PCOW DEPTH PCOG TABLE TABLE METH EQUIL Eric replaced cryptic integers with meaningful mnemonics SWITCH ON OUTPUT OF INITIAL SOLUTION RPTSOL FIELD 15:20 31 OCT 'POIL' 'SOIL' 'SWAT' 'SGAS' 'FIP=1' 'RESTART=1' 'POIL' 'SOIL' 'SWAT' 'SGAS' 'FIP=1' 'RESTART=2' :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

15 Flexible, Create - chap3045_e.data (9 of 11) SUMMARY ================================================================ THIS SECTION SPECIFIES DATA TO BE WRITTEN TO THE SUMMARY FILES AND WHICH MAY LATER BE USED WITH THE ECLIPSE GRAPHICS PACKAGE Eric added water& gas FIELD PRODUCTION RATES FOPR FWPR FGPR FVPR Eric added FIELD PRODUCTION TOTALS FOPT FWPT FGPT FVPT WATER CUT FWCT WWCT 'PRODUCER' GAS-OIL RATIO FGOR WGOR 'PRODUCER' Water-Gas Ratio FWGR WWGR 'PRODUCER' Gas-Liquid Ratio FGLR WGLR 'PRODUCER' BOTTOM HOLE PRESSURE FOR WELL WBHP 'PRODUCER' Eric added Field Pressure FPR Eric added tab-delimited (spreadsheet) output EXCEL SWITCH ON REPORT OF WHAT IS TO GO ON THE SUMMARY FILES RPTSMRY FIELD 12:29 12 JLY :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

16 Flexible, Create - chap3045_e.data (10 of 11) SCHEDULE =============================================================== THE SCHEDULE SECTION DEFINES THE OPERATIONS TO BE SIMULATED The SKIPREST keyword is OK at the top of the SCHEDULE section. The SKIPREST keyword is only used in RESTART runs. SKIPREST CONTROLS ON OUTPUT AT EACH REPORT TIME Eric turned Rs (5th RPTSCHED integer) on (to see which file gets the output) Rs now appears in *.PRT file each timestep. but ONLY until TSTEP for 800 days when 2nd RPTSCHED sets 5th integer back to 0. RPTSCHED FIELD 15:26 31 OCT 85 1 in 7th position writes *.X00## ONLY for a failsafe (final) report time. 2 in 7th position writes *.X00## for all subsequent report times FREE GAS IS NOT ALLOWED TO DISSOLVE IN UNDERSATURATED OIL DRSDT 0.0 WELL SPECIFICATION DATA WELL GROUP LOCATION BHP PI NAME NAME I J DEPTH DEFN WELSPECS FIELD 16:32 18 JAN 85 'PRODUCER','G ', 1, 1, ,'OIL' COMPLETION SPECIFICATION DATA WELL -LOCATION- OPEN SAT CONN NAME I J K1 K2 SHUT TAB FACT COMPDAT Eric reset perforations for 45 layers (originally layers 7 & 8.) Connection factor using rw=.25, r1= , S=0, h= , K=775, sector=2*pi 'PRODUCER' 'OPEN' Connection factor using rw=.25, r1= , S=0, h= , K=60, sector=2*pi 'PRODUCER' 'OPEN' :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

17 Flexible, Create - chap3045_e.data (11 of 11) PRODUCTION WELL CONTROLS - OIL RATE IS SET TO 1000 BPD WELL OPEN CNTL OIL WATER GAS LIQU RES BHP NAME SHUT MODE RATE RATE RATE RATE RATE WCONPROD 'PRODUCER' 'OPEN' 'ORAT' * 3000 SPECIFY UPPER LIMIT OF 0.01 DAY FOR FIRST TIME STEP TUNING E E STEPS TO REPORT AT 10 DAYS This is timestep report-time number 1. TSTEP 10.0 CUT OIL RATE TO 100 BPD WELTARG 'PRODUCER', 'ORAT' force next timestep to be 1 day. TUNING 1 ADVANCE SIMULATION TO 50 DAYS This is timestep report-time number 2. TSTEP PUT OIL RATE BACK TO 1000 BPD WELTARG 'PRODUCER', 'ORAT' force next timestep to be 1 day. TUNING 1 AND ADVANCE TO 100 DAYS This is timestep report-time number 3. TSTEP 50.0 END =========== This is the end of the run. ====================== :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

18 Rev of 54 :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Flexible Restart Transition The previous slide is the end of the Eclipse input-data file for the initial run that creates the special FLEXIBLE restart output files. The next slide is the beginning of the Eclipse input-data file for the subsequent run that uses the special FLEXIBLE restart output files. Laine & Associates, Inc.

19 Flexible, Use - chapflex3045_e.data (1 of 12) ===================================================================== THIS IS THE SECOND SPE COMPARISON PROBLEM, REPORTED BY CHAPPELEAR AND NOLEN AT THE SIXTH SPE SYMPOSIUM ON RESERVOIR SIMULATION, NEW ORLEANS, JANUARY 82. IT IS A SINGLE WELL CONING STUDY, WITH THE WELL CONNECTED TO TWO GRID BLOCKS. DURING THE PRODUCTION SCHEDULE, THE WELL RATE IS SUBJECT TO LARGE CHANGES, AND AT ABOUT 250 DAYS CHANGES FROM FLOW RATE TO BHP CONTROL. ===================================================================== Eric modified to 30x1x45 for grid sensitivity study RUNSPEC DIMENS revised GRID OUTRAD added GRID DRV deactivated GRID EQUALS 'DZ' revised REGIONS FIPNUM revised SUMMARY FOPR, FWPR, FGPR, & FVPR added SUMMARY FOPT, FWPT, FGPT, & FVPT added SUMMARY FPR & WBHP added SUMMARY EXCEL added SCHEDULE RPTSCHED 5th integer (Rs) changed to 1 SCHEDULE COMPDAT found error in 40x1x61 connection transmissibility factor SCHEDULE COMPDAT revised connection transmissibility factor ===================================================================== Flexible RESTART runs require the following sections: RUNSPEC GRID EDIT PROPS REGIONS Flexible RESTART runs require modifying the SOLUTION section. See notes within the SOLUTION section. Flexible RESTART runs benefit when the SKIPREST keyword is at the beginning of the SCHEDULE section. :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

20 Flexible, Use - chapflex3045_e.data (2 of 12) RUNSPEC TITLE CHAPPELEAR 3 PHASE RADIAL CONING STUDY does it matter that the keyword does NOT start in column 1? No. Keyword must end before column 10! DIMENS RADIAL NONNC OIL WATER GAS DISGAS FIELD EQLDIMS TABDIMS REGDIMS WELLDIMS NUPCOL 4 START 1 'JAN' 1982 NSTACK 24 want a unified output file UNIFOUT expect a unified input file UNIFIN :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

21 Flexible, Use - chapflex3045_e.data (3 of 12) GRID =============================================================== IN THIS SECTION, THE GEOMETRY OF THE SIMULATION GRID AND THE ROCK PERMEABILITIES AND POROSITIES ARE DEFINED. SPECIFY INNER RADIUS OF 1ST GRID BLOCK IN THE RADIAL DIRECTION deleting NOGGF gives default similar to GRIDFILE keyword. NOGGF INRAD 0.25 Eric replaced DRV with OUTRAD OUTRAD Eric removed DRV in favor of OUTRAD SPECIFY GRID BLOCK DIMENSIONS IN THE R DIRECTION DRV SPECIFY CELL THICKNESSES ( DZ ), RADIAL PERMEABILITIES ( PERMR ) AND POROSITIES ( PORO ) FOR EACH LAYER OF THE GRID. ALSO CELL TOP DEPTHS ( TOPS ) FOR LAYER 1. DTHETA IS SET TO 360 DEGREES FOR EVERY GRID BLOCK IN THE RESERVOIR. ARRAY VALUE BOX EQUALS 'DTHETA' 360 BOX DEFAULTS TO THE WHOLE GRID 'TOPS' TOP 'DZ' LAYER 1 abc 'PERMR' 35 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 2 abc 'PERMR' 47.5 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 3 abc 'PERMR' 148 'PORO' :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

22 Flexible, Use - chapflex3045_e.data (4 of 12) 'DZ' LAYER 4 abc 'PERMR' 202 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 5 abc 'PERMR' 90 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 6 abc 'PERMR' 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 7 abc 'PERMR' 775 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 8 abc 'PERMR' 60 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 9 abc 'PERMR' 682 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 10 abc 'PERMR' 472 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 11 abc 'PERMR' 125 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 12 abc 'PERMR' 300 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 13 abc 'PERMR' 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 14 abc 'PERMR' 191 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 15 abc 'PERMR' 350 'PORO' EQUALS IS TERMINATED BY A NULL RECORD :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

23 Flexible, Use - chapflex3045_e.data (5 of 12) COPY RADIAL PERMEABILITIES ( PERMR ) INTO VERTICAL PERMEABILITIES ( PERMZ ) FOR THE WHOLE GRID, AND THEN MULTIPLY PERMZ BY 0.1. SOURCE DESTINATION COPY 'PERMR' 'PERMZ' ARRAY FACTOR MULTIPLY 'PERMZ' 0.1 OUTPUT OF CELL DIMENSIONS, PERMEABILITIES, POROSITY AND TOPS DATA IS REQUESTED, AND OF THE CALCULATED PORE VOLUMES, CELL CENTRE DEPTHS AND X AND Z DIRECTION TRANSMISSIBILITIES RPTGRID FIELD 15:14 31 OCT PROPS =============================================================== THE PROPS SECTION DEFINES THE REL. PERMEABILITIES, CAPILLARY PRESSURES, AND THE PVT PROPERTIES OF THE RESERVOIR FLUIDS WATER RELATIVE PERMEABILITY AND CAPILLARY PRESSURE ARE TABULATED AS A FUNCTION OF WATER SATURATION. SWAT KRW PCOW SWFN SIMILARLY FOR GAS SGAS KRG PCOG SGFN 1 TABLES 19 NODES IN EACH FIELD 16:31 18 JAN :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

24 Flexible, Use - chapflex3045_e.data (6 of 12) OIL RELATIVE PERMEABILITY IS TABULATED AGAINST OIL SATURATION FOR OIL-WATER AND OIL-GAS-CONNATE WATER CASES SOIL KROW KROG SOF PVT PROPERTIES OF WATER REF. PRES. REF. FVF COMPRESSIBILITY REF VISCOSITY VISCOSIBILITY PVTW D ROCK COMPRESSIBILITY REF. PRES COMPRESSIBILITY ROCK D-6 SURFACE DENSITIES OF RESERVOIR FLUIDS OIL WATER GAS DENSITY :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

25 Flexible, Use - chapflex3045_e.data (7 of 12) PVT PROPERTIES OF DRY GAS (NO VAPOURISED OIL) WE WOULD USE PVTG TO SPECIFY THE PROPERTIES OF WET GAS PGAS BGAS VISGAS PVDG PVT PROPERTIES OF LIVE OIL (WITH DISSOLVED GAS) WE WOULD USE PVDO TO SPECIFY THE PROPERTIES OF DEAD OIL FOR EACH VALUE OF RS THE SATURATION PRESSURE, FVF AND VISCOSITY ARE SPECIFIED. FOR RS=1.81 THE FVF AND VISCOSITY OF UNDERSATURATED OIL ARE DEFINED AS A FUNCTION OF PRESSURE. DATA FOR UNDERSATURATED OIL MAY BE SUPPLIED FOR ANY RS, BUT MUST BE SUPPLIED FOR THE HIGHEST RS (1.81). RS POIL FVFO VISO PVTO STONE2 SWITCH ON OUTPUT OF ALL PROPS DATA RPTPROPS FIELD 15:15 31 OCT :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

26 Flexible, Use - chapflex3045_e.data (8 of 12) REGIONS =============================================================== THE REGIONS SECTION DEFINES HOW THE RESERVOIR IS SPLIT INTO REGIONS BY SATURATION FUNCTION, PVT FUNCTION, FLUID IN PLACE REGION ETC. Eric revised FIPNUM for 30x1x45 FIPNUM FIELD 12:27 12 JLY 85 90*1 90*2 90*3 90*4 90*5 90*6 90*7 90*1 90*9 90*10 90*11 90*12 90*13 90*14 90*15 SWITCH ON OUTPUT OF FIPNUM RPTREGS 20*0 :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

27 Flexible, Use - chapflex3045_e.data (9 of 12) SOLUTION =============================================================== THE SOLUTION SECTION DEFINES THE INITIAL STATE OF THE SOLUTION VARIABLES (PHASE PRESSURES, SATURATIONS AND GAS-OIL RATIOS) Modify SOLUTION section for a RESTART run. 1. "Delete all equilibration or enumeration keywords, and any analytic aquifer keywords. 2. "Insert the RESTART keyword followed by the root name of the desired restart file, and the desired report time (TSTEP or DATE) number. (Be sure rootname.x#### exists.) Delete EQUIL for RESTART runs. DATA FOR INITIALISING FLUIDS TO POTENTIAL EQUILIBRIUM DATUM DATUM OWC OWC GOC GOC RSVD RVVD SOLN DEPTH PRESS DEPTH PCOW DEPTH PCOG TABLE TABLE METH EQUIL Use the data from CHAP3045_E's 2nd RESTART file (CHAP3045_E.X0002.) RESTART CHAP3045_E 2 SWITCH ON OUTPUT OF INITIAL SOLUTION RPTSOL FIELD 15:20 31 OCT 85 'POIL' 'SOIL' 'SWAT' 'SGAS' 'FIP=1' 'RESTART=1' 'POIL' 'SOIL' 'SWAT' 'SGAS' 'FIP=1' 'RESTART=2' :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

28 Flexible, Use - chapflex3045_e.data (10 of 12) SUMMARY ================================================================ THIS SECTION SPECIFIES DATA TO BE WRITTEN TO THE SUMMARY FILES AND WHICH MAY LATER BE USED WITH THE ECLIPSE GRAPHICS PACKAGE Eric added water& gas FIELD PRODUCTION RATES FOPR FWPR FGPR FVPR Eric added FIELD PRODUCTION TOTALS FOPT FWPT FGPT FVPT WATER CUT FWCT WWCT 'PRODUCER' GAS-OIL RATIO FGOR WGOR 'PRODUCER' Water-Gas Ratio FWGR WWGR 'PRODUCER' Gas-Liquid Ratio FGLR WGLR 'PRODUCER' BOTTOM HOLE PRESSURE FOR WELL WBHP 'PRODUCER' Eric added Field Pressure FPR Eric added tab-delimited (spreadsheet) output EXCEL SWITCH ON REPORT OF WHAT IS TO GO ON THE SUMMARY FILES RPTSMRY FIELD 12:29 12 JLY :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

29 Flexible, Use - chapflex3045_e.data (11 of 12) SCHEDULE =============================================================== THE SCHEDULE SECTION DEFINES THE OPERATIONS TO BE SIMULATED The SKIPREST keyword allows the RESTART to skip the unneeded TSTEP and DATE keywords. SKIPREST CONTROLS ON OUTPUT AT EACH REPORT TIME Eric turned Rs (5th RPTSCHED integer) on (to see which file gets the output) Rs now appears in *.PRT file each timestep. but ONLY until TSTEP for 800 days when 2nd RPTSCHED sets 5th integer back to 0. RPTSCHED FIELD 15:26 31 OCT 85 1 in 7th position writes *.X00## ONLY for a failsafe (final) report time. 2 in 7th position writes *.X00## for all subsequent report times FREE GAS IS NOT ALLOWED TO DISSOLVE IN UNDERSATURATED OIL DRSDT 0.0 WELL SPECIFICATION DATA WELL GROUP LOCATION BHP PI NAME NAME I J DEPTH DEFN WELSPECS FIELD 16:32 18 JAN 85 'PRODUCER','G ', 1, 1, ,'OIL' COMPLETION SPECIFICATION DATA WELL -LOCATION- OPEN SAT CONN NAME I J K1 K2 SHUT TAB FACT COMPDAT Eric reset perforations for 45 layers (originally layers 7 & 8.) Connection factor using rw=.25, r1= , S=0, h= , K=775, sector=2*pi 'PRODUCER' 'OPEN' Connection factor using rw=.25, r1= , S=0, h= , K=60, sector=2*pi 'PRODUCER' 'OPEN' PRODUCTION WELL CONTROLS - OIL RATE IS SET TO 1000 BPD WELL OPEN CNTL OIL WATER GAS LIQU RES BHP NAME SHUT MODE RATE RATE RATE RATE RATE WCONPROD 'PRODUCER' 'OPEN' 'ORAT' * 3000 :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

30 Flexible, Use - chapflex3045_e.data (12 of 12) SPECIFY UPPER LIMIT OF 0.01 DAY FOR FIRST TIME STEP TUNING E E STEPS TO REPORT AT 10 DAYS This is timestep report-time number 1. TSTEP 10.0 CUT OIL RATE TO 100 BPD WELTARG 'PRODUCER', 'ORAT' force next timestep to be 1 day. TUNING 1 ADVANCE SIMULATION TO 50 DAYS This is timestep report-time number 2. TSTEP PUT OIL RATE BACK TO 1000 BPD WELTARG 'PRODUCER', 'ORAT' force next timestep to be 1 day. TUNING 1 AND ADVANCE TO 100 DAYS TSTEP 50.0 force next timestep to be 1 day. TUNING 1 AND ADVANCE TO 200 DAYS TSTEP END ============================================== :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

31 Rev of 54 :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. End of Flexible - Beginning of Fast The previous slide is the end of the Eclipse input-data file for the subsequent run that uses the special FLEXIBLE restart output files. The next slide is the beginning of the Eclipse input-data file for the initial run that creates the special FAST restart output files. Laine & Associates, Inc.

32 Fast, Create - chap3045_e.data (1 of 11) ===================================================================== THIS IS THE SECOND SPE COMPARISON PROBLEM, REPORTED BY CHAPPELEAR AND NOLEN AT THE SIXTH SPE SYMPOSIUM ON RESERVOIR SIMULATION, NEW ORLEANS, JANUARY 82. IT IS A SINGLE WELL CONING STUDY, WITH THE WELL CONNECTED TO TWO GRID BLOCKS. DURING THE PRODUCTION SCHEDULE, THE WELL RATE IS SUBJECT TO LARGE CHANGES, AND AT ABOUT 250 DAYS CHANGES FROM FLOW RATE TO BHP CONTROL. ===================================================================== Eric modified to 30x1x45 for grid sensitivity study RUNSPEC DIMENS revised GRID OUTRAD added GRID DRV deactivated GRID EQUALS 'DZ' revised REGIONS FIPNUM revised SUMMARY FOPR, FWPR, FGPR, & FVPR added SUMMARY FOPT, FWPT, FGPT, & FVPT added SUMMARY FPR & WBHP added SUMMARY EXCEL added SCHEDULE RPTSCHED 5th integer (Rs) changed to 1 SCHEDULE COMPDAT found error in 40x1x61 connection transmissibility factor SCHEDULE COMPDAT revised connection transmissibility factor ===================================================================== Eric modified to do FAST RESTARTs. (FLEXIBLE RESTARTS are described elsewhere.) 1. Add SAVE keyword to RUNSPEC section. Terminate with a slash () 2. Set the 7th RPTSOL integer to at least 1, or Use the 'RESTART=1' or 'RESTART=2' nmenomics. 3. Set the 7th RPTSCHED integer to at least 1. 'RESTART=1" only writes a failsafe RESTART file 'RESTART=2" writes a RESTART file at every TSTEP or DATES keyword. (i.e., only for the last report timestep.) 4. This has only been tested with un-unified files (e.g., *.X### instead of *.RSSPEC.) 5. It is OK to put the SKIPREST keyword at the beginning of the SCHEDULE section. 6. This creates FAST RESTART files. *.SAVE and *.X#### files. 7. See the companion *LOAD.DATA file for more instructions. CHAPLOAD3045_E.DATA uses RESTART files from: CHAP3045_E.SAVE CHAP3045_E.X#### CHAPLOADLOAD3045_E.DATA uses RESTART files from: CHAPLOAD3045_E.SAVE CHAPLOAD3045_E.X####. :wq ===================================================================== :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

33 Fast, Create - chap3045_e.data (2 of 11) RUNSPEC TITLE CHAPPELEAR 3 PHASE RADIAL CONING STUDY Does it matter that the keyword does NOT start in column 1? Keyword must end before column 10! Write an unformatted, unified fast restart file (*.SAVE) SAVE DIMENS RADIAL NONNC OIL WATER GAS DISGAS FIELD EQLDIMS TABDIMS REGDIMS WELLDIMS NUPCOL 4 START 1 'JAN' 1982 NSTACK 24 want an unified output file UNIFOUT expect an unified input file UNIFIN :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

34 Fast, Create - chap3045_e.data (3 of 11) GRID =============================================================== IN THIS SECTION, THE GEOMETRY OF THE SIMULATION GRID AND THE ROCK PERMEABILITIES AND POROSITIES ARE DEFINED. SPECIFY INNER RADIUS OF 1ST GRID BLOCK IN THE RADIAL DIRECTION deleting NOGGF gives default similar to GRIDFILE keyword. NOGGF INRAD 0.25 Eric replaced DRV with OUTRAD OUTRAD Eric removed DRV in favor of OUTRAD SPECIFY GRID BLOCK DIMENSIONS IN THE R DIRECTION DRV SPECIFY CELL THICKNESSES ( DZ ), RADIAL PERMEABILITIES ( PERMR ) AND POROSITIES ( PORO ) FOR EACH LAYER OF THE GRID. ALSO CELL TOP DEPTHS ( TOPS ) FOR LAYER 1. DTHETA IS SET TO 360 DEGREES FOR EVERY GRID BLOCK IN THE RESERVOIR. ARRAY VALUE BOX EQUALS 'DTHETA' 360 BOX DEFAULTS TO THE WHOLE GRID 'TOPS' TOP 'DZ' LAYER 1 abc 'PERMR' 35 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 2 abc 'PERMR' 47.5 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 3 abc 'PERMR' 148 'PORO' :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

35 Fast, Create - chap3045_e.data (4 of 11) 'DZ' LAYER 4 abc 'PERMR' 202 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 5 abc 'PERMR' 90 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 6 abc 'PERMR' 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 7 abc 'PERMR' 775 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 8 abc 'PERMR' 60 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 9 abc 'PERMR' 682 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 10 abc 'PERMR' 472 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 11 abc 'PERMR' 125 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 12 abc 'PERMR' 300 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 13 abc 'PERMR' 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 14 abc 'PERMR' 191 'PORO' 'DZ' LAYER 15 abc 'PERMR' 350 'PORO' EQUALS IS TERMINATED BY A NULL RECORD :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

36 Fast, Create - chap3045_e.data (5 of 11) COPY RADIAL PERMEABILITIES ( PERMR ) INTO VERTICAL PERMEABILITIES ( PERMZ ) FOR THE WHOLE GRID, AND THEN MULTIPLY PERMZ BY 0.1. SOURCE DESTINATION COPY 'PERMR' 'PERMZ' ARRAY FACTOR MULTIPLY 'PERMZ' 0.1 OUTPUT OF CELL DIMENSIONS, PERMEABILITIES, POROSITY AND TOPS DATA IS REQUESTED, AND OF THE CALCULATED PORE VOLUMES, CELL CENTRE DEPTHS AND X AND Z DIRECTION TRANSMISSIBILITIES RPTGRID FIELD 15:14 31 OCT PROPS =============================================================== THE PROPS SECTION DEFINES THE REL. PERMEABILITIES, CAPILLARY PRESSURES, AND THE PVT PROPERTIES OF THE RESERVOIR FLUIDS WATER RELATIVE PERMEABILITY AND CAPILLARY PRESSURE ARE TABULATED AS A FUNCTION OF WATER SATURATION. SWAT KRW PCOW SWFN SIMILARLY FOR GAS SGAS KRG PCOG SGFN 1 TABLES 19 NODES IN EACH FIELD 16:31 18 JAN :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

37 Fast, Create - chap3045_e.data (6 of 11) OIL RELATIVE PERMEABILITY IS TABULATED AGAINST OIL SATURATION FOR OIL-WATER AND OIL-GAS-CONNATE WATER CASES SOIL KROW KROG SOF PVT PROPERTIES OF WATER REF. PRES. REF. FVF COMPRESSIBILITY REF VISCOSITY VISCOSIBILITY PVTW D ROCK COMPRESSIBILITY REF. PRES COMPRESSIBILITY ROCK D-6 SURFACE DENSITIES OF RESERVOIR FLUIDS OIL WATER GAS DENSITY :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

38 Fast, Create - chap3045_e.data (7 of 11) PVT PROPERTIES OF DRY GAS (NO VAPOURISED OIL) WE WOULD USE PVTG TO SPECIFY THE PROPERTIES OF WET GAS PGAS BGAS VISGAS PVDG PVT PROPERTIES OF LIVE OIL (WITH DISSOLVED GAS) WE WOULD USE PVDO TO SPECIFY THE PROPERTIES OF DEAD OIL FOR EACH VALUE OF RS THE SATURATION PRESSURE, FVF AND VISCOSITY ARE SPECIFIED. FOR RS=1.81 THE FVF AND VISCOSITY OF UNDERSATURATED OIL ARE DEFINED AS A FUNCTION OF PRESSURE. DATA FOR UNDERSATURATED OIL MAY BE SUPPLIED FOR ANY RS, BUT MUST BE SUPPLIED FOR THE HIGHEST RS (1.81). RS POIL FVFO VISO PVTO STONE2 SWITCH ON OUTPUT OF ALL PROPS DATA RPTPROPS FIELD 15:15 31 OCT :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

39 Fast, Create - chap3045_e.data (8 of 11) REGIONS =============================================================== THE REGIONS SECTION DEFINES HOW THE RESERVOIR IS SPLIT INTO REGIONS BY SATURATION FUNCTION, PVT FUNCTION, FLUID IN PLACE REGION ETC. Eric revised FIPNUM for 30x1x45 FIPNUM FIELD 12:27 12 JLY 85 90*1 90*2 90*3 90*4 90*5 90*6 90*7 90*1 90*9 90*10 90*11 90*12 90*13 90*14 90*15 SWITCH ON OUTPUT OF FIPNUM RPTREGS 20*0 SOLUTION =============================================================== THE SOLUTION SECTION DEFINES THE INITIAL STATE OF THE SOLUTION VARIABLES (PHASE PRESSURES, SATURATIONS AND GAS-OIL RATIOS) DATA FOR INITIALISING FLUIDS TO POTENTIAL EQUILIBRIUM DATUM DATUM OWC OWC GOC GOC RSVD RVVD SOLN DEPTH PRESS DEPTH PCOW DEPTH PCOG TABLE TABLE METH EQUIL Eric replaced cryptic integers with meaningful mnemonics SWITCH ON OUTPUT OF INITIAL SOLUTION RPTSOL FIELD 15:20 31 OCT 'POIL' 'SOIL' 'SWAT' 'SGAS' 'FIP=1' 'RESTART=1' 'POIL' 'SOIL' 'SWAT' 'SGAS' 'FIP=1' 'RESTART=2' :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

40 Fast, Create - chap3045_e.data (9 of 11) SUMMARY ================================================================ THIS SECTION SPECIFIES DATA TO BE WRITTEN TO THE SUMMARY FILES AND WHICH MAY LATER BE USED WITH THE ECLIPSE GRAPHICS PACKAGE Eric added water& gas FIELD PRODUCTION RATES FOPR FWPR FGPR FVPR Eric added FIELD PRODUCTION TOTALS FOPT FWPT FGPT FVPT WATER CUT FWCT WWCT 'PRODUCER' GAS-OIL RATIO FGOR WGOR 'PRODUCER' Water-Gas Ratio FWGR WWGR 'PRODUCER' Gas-Liquid Ratio FGLR WGLR 'PRODUCER' BOTTOM HOLE PRESSURE FOR WELL WBHP 'PRODUCER' Eric added Field Pressure FPR Eric added tab-delimited (spreadsheet) output EXCEL SWITCH ON REPORT OF WHAT IS TO GO ON THE SUMMARY FILES RPTSMRY FIELD 12:29 12 JLY :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

41 Fast, Create - chap3045_e.data (10 of 11) SCHEDULE =============================================================== THE SCHEDULE SECTION DEFINES THE OPERATIONS TO BE SIMULATED CONTROLS ON OUTPUT AT EACH REPORT TIME Eric turned Rs (5th RPTSCHED integer) on (to see which file gets the output) Rs now appears in *.PRT file each timestep. but ONLY until TSTEP for 800 days when 2nd RPTSCHED sets 5th integer back to 0. RPTSCHED FIELD 15:26 31 OCT 85 1 in 7th position writes *.X00## ONLY for a failsafe (final) report time. 2 in 7th position writes *.X00## for all subsequent report times FREE GAS IS NOT ALLOWED TO DISSOLVE IN UNDERSATURATED OIL DRSDT 0.0 WELL SPECIFICATION DATA WELL GROUP LOCATION BHP PI NAME NAME I J DEPTH DEFN WELSPECS FIELD 16:32 18 JAN 85 'PRODUCER','G ', 1, 1, ,'OIL' COMPLETION SPECIFICATION DATA WELL -LOCATION- OPEN SAT CONN NAME I J K1 K2 SHUT TAB FACT COMPDAT Eric reset perforations for 45 layers (originally layers 7 & 8.) Connection factor using rw=.25, r1= , S=0, h= , K=775, sector=2*pi 'PRODUCER' 'OPEN' Connection factor using rw=.25, r1= , S=0, h= , K=60, sector=2*pi 'PRODUCER' 'OPEN' PRODUCTION WELL CONTROLS - OIL RATE IS SET TO 1000 BPD WELL OPEN CNTL OIL WATER GAS LIQU RES BHP NAME SHUT MODE RATE RATE RATE RATE RATE WCONPROD 'PRODUCER' 'OPEN' 'ORAT' * 3000 :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

42 Fast, Create - chap3045_e.data (11 of 11) SPECIFY UPPER LIMIT OF 0.01 DAY FOR FIRST TIME STEP TUNING reduce minimum timestep to (from 0.001) reduce minimum length of all timesteps to (from 0.1) reduce minimum choppable timestep to (from 0.15) reduce TRGCNV to (from 0.5) reduce XXXCNV to 0.01 (from 1.0) E E increase LITMAX to 45 (from 25) increase MXWSIT to 28 (from 8) STEPS TO REPORT AT 10 DAYS This is timestep report-time number 1. TSTEP 10.0 CUT OIL RATE TO 100 BPD WELTARG 'PRODUCER', 'ORAT' force next timestep to be 1 day. TUNING 1 ADVANCE SIMULATION TO 50 DAYS This is timestep report-time number 2. TSTEP PUT OIL RATE BACK TO 1000 BPD WELTARG 'PRODUCER', 'ORAT' force next timestep to be 1 day. TUNING 1 AND ADVANCE TO 100 DAYS This is timestep report-time number 3. TSTEP 50.0 END ====== This is the end of this run. ============== :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54

43 Rev of 54 :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Fast Restart Transition The previous slide is the end of the Eclipse input-data file for the initial run that creates the special FAST restart output files. The next slide is the beginning of the Eclipse input-data file for the subsequent run that uses the special FAST restart output files AND also creates more restart files. Laine & Associates, Inc.

44 Fast, Use & Create - chapload3045_e.data (1 of 4) ===================================================================== THIS IS THE SECOND SPE COMPARISON PROBLEM, REPORTED BY CHAPPELEAR AND NOLEN AT THE SIXTH SPE SYMPOSIUM ON RESERVOIR SIMULATION, NEW ORLEANS, JANUARY 82. IT IS A SINGLE WELL CONING STUDY, WITH THE WELL CONNECTED TO TWO GRID BLOCKS. DURING THE PRODUCTION SCHEDULE, THE WELL RATE IS SUBJECT TO LARGE CHANGES, AND AT ABOUT 250 DAYS CHANGES FROM FLOW RATE TO BHP CONTROL. ===================================================================== Eric modified to 30x1x45 for grid sensitivity study RUNSPEC DIMENS revised GRID OUTRAD added GRID DRV deactivated GRID EQUALS 'DZ' revised REGIONS FIPNUM revised SUMMARY FWPR & FGPR added SUMMARY FOPT, FWPT, & FGPT added SUMMARY FPR added SUMMARY EXCEL added SCHEDULE RPTSCHED 5th integer (Rs) changed to 1 SCHEDULE COMPDAT found error in 40x1x61 connection transmissibility factor SCHEDULE COMPDAT revised connection transmissibility factor ===================================================================== CHAPLOAD3045_E.DATA uses RESTART files from: CHAP3045_E.SAVE CHAP3045_E.X####. 1. The LOAD keyword goes at the top of the file. LOAD keyword replaces the RUNSPEC section for FAST restart LOAD keyword replaces the GRID section for FAST restart LOAD keyword replaces the EDIT section for FAST restart LOAD keyword replaces the PROPS section for FAST restart LOAD keyword replaces the REGIONS section for FAST restart 2. LOAD identifies the root name of the *.SAVE and *.X#### files. LOAD can create it's own *.SAVE file (for future restarts.) Terminate with a slash (.) Remember to use 'RESTART=2' in RPTSCHED. RPTSOL is NOT required. 3. The RESTART keyword replaces the SOLUTION section. RESTART identifies the report time used to initialize the RESTART run. Terminate with a slash (.) 4. The SKIPREST keywords skips TSTEP and DATES before initialization report. This restart run also writes a FAST restart (*.SAVE) file. LOAD 'CHAP3045_E' T 'UNFORMATTED' 'YES' RESTART keyword replaces the SOLUTION section for FAST restart This restart run reads restart for report timestep 2 of CHAP3045_E. This restart run reads an unformatted FAST restart (*.SAVE) file. RESTART 'CHAP3045_E' 2 This restart run uses exactly the same SUMMARY section as before. :\U_Guides \Sim \Eclipse \Restart.ppt. See license agreement for limited user rights. Rev of 54