What is software? Functional view. Functional view. System requirements of a software. Versions Free version: This is the free version

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1 What is software? Session 04 Introduction to Software set of instructions that is written by human which runs on computer in order to do a useful task or tasks Types System Software Application Software Programming Software Functional view Functional view Input Hardware Software Output Input Output Input Software supporting hardware Output Software Input Operating system Output Hardware (equipment) Hardware (equipments) Hardware (equipments) System requirements of a software Minimum system requirements Recommended system requirements Hardware requirements Versions Free version: This is the free version Trial version: This means, software is a trail product. Therefore you can use this software in the limited time or with limited resources Full version: This is the complete version of the product with all features Current version: This is the latest version of the product Recommended version: This is the recommended version of the product, however, there are other latest version available ( Example: Recommended 5.4 and current version 5.7 ) Stable version: This is the stable version of the product Registered version: This is the registered version of the product

2 Types of Software software can be categorized as an installing methods Software that need to install Software that can be run without install it Install a software Installing methods Most of the windows base software packages contain SETUP.exe Linux used RPM Files Some Software can be run without install Uninstall/ Add or Remove program Operating System provides facilities to add/remove software Open Source Software Is a software Source code is published and made available to the public Enabling anyone to copy, modify and redistribute the source code without paying royalties or fees Advantages Low cost. Improve product/technology in real-time. You can modify your code according to the budget. If any open source leader "leaves" a project or community, others take over. 7/11/2015 Budditha Hettige (budditha@yahoo.com) 11 7/11/2015 Budditha Hettige(budditha@yahoo.com) 12

3 Organizational benefits Reliability Stability Cost Flexibility Freedom Support Accountability Market Share for top servers across all domains from /11/2015 Budditha Hettige 13 7/11/2015 Budditha Hettige 14 Open Source Products Open Source Community Companies Lanka Software Foundation Ceylon Linux FOSS WSO2 Universities University of Moratuwa University of Colombo University of Sri Jayawerdenepura 7/11/2015 Budditha Hettige 15 7/11/2015 Budditha Hettige 16 Why Open Source? System Software Computer programs that control the system hardware and inter-act with the application software BIOS program Operating Systems Windows XP Linux Mac OS Device Drivers Printer drivers Chipset drivers Sound Drivers Network Drivers 7/11/2015 Budditha Hettige 17 18

4 BIOS Basic Input Output System circuits contain data, which can normally only be read BIOS do several things Check the CMOS Setup for custom settings Load the interrupt handlers and device drivers Initialize registers and power management Perform the power-on self-test (POST) Display system settings Determine which devices are bootable Initiate the bootstrap sequence Working With BIOS Enable/Disable device Change the System settings Change the boot options Operating Systems (OS) Basic Tasks controlling and allocating memory prioritizing system requests controlling input and output devices facilitating Computer networking Managing files Examples GNU/Linux Mac OS X MS DOS Microsoft Windows Types of Operating Systems Real-Time Operating Systems Single-User/Single-Tasking Operating Systems (MS-DOS) Single-User/Multitasking Operating Systems (Windows 95, Windows 3.1) Multi-User/Multitasking Operating Systems (Present OS) Windows OS Windows 1.01 Windows 95 Windows98 Windows2000 Windows XP Windows Vista Windows 7 Windows 8 Windows

5 Linux OS Ubunto RedHat Mandriva Fedora Centos Working With Operating Systems Working with Operating Systems Working with windows OS Customize the OS File Management Hardware Management User Management Software Management Protect you computer and data Connect you PC with Others System Administration Install VirtualBox Download virtualbox Install VirtualBox MS-DOS Microsoft Disk Operating System 29 30

6 MS DOS Microsoft Disk Operating System 16-bit operating system, (formerly 8-bit) Single tasking Command interpreter for internal and external commands External driver software imbedding for periphery devices possible System Requirements Minimum: 512 Kbytes RAM, 5 Mbyte hard disk storage (depends on version for full installation) FAT file system Executable with every x86 compatible CPU Low RAM and fixed storage disk needs MS-DOS Commands del, erase - delete files rd, rmdir - delete directories dir - show content of directories cd, chdir - change current directory cls - clear the screen md, mkdir - create a directory MS-DOS commands copy - copy of one or several files ren, rename - rename of files or directories attrib - shows the attributes of files or set one of these fdisk - partitioning or modify hard disk move - move of files tree - shows the directory structure format - format of storage drives MS-DOS file names letters and symbols you can use in filenames and extensions The letters: A-Z and a-z The numbers: 0-9 The characters: $, -, %, ^, ~,( ),!, { }, # Illegal Filenames Aux: Used when referring to input from, or output to, an auxiliary device (such as a printer or a disk drive) Con: Used when referring to keyboard input, or to output to the terminal console (screen). Prn: Used when referring to the printer device. Nul: Used when you do not want to create a particular file, but the command requires an input or output filename

7 MS-DOS Wildcards Two special characters, the asterisk (*) and the question mark (?) are called wildcards A question mark (?) in a filename or filename extension means that any character can occupy that position An asterisk (*) in a filename or filename extension means that any character can occupy that position or any of the remaining positions in the filename or extension Exercise What are task of the following MS-DOS Commands Dir Format Attrib Briefly describe the following terms BIOS Multi Tasking Linux Exercises Write a MS dos Command to do the following Create the following folder structure HOME OFFICE PERSONAL OTHER Copy file one place to other Get MS DOS help Copy file one place to other Read the file attributes Change the folder attributes Edit/ rename/ delete a file File Management Major task of operating system Used to store and retrieve data Operations READ, WRITE, OPEN, CLOSE, ERASE/Delete SEARCH What is a File? A file is a collection of related information Consist of data Has Name Type Size Location Access permission Read Write Execute Types of Files Data representation Text files Binary files Executable files Usage User files System files 41 42

8 File Type Data representation Text files (.txt,.html) Binary files (.dat,.dll,.mp3) Executable files (.exe) Usage User files (.doc,.txt,.html,.xls) System files (.exe,.dll,.bat etc) File Organization Disk Drive Folders/ Files Folders/ Files Format FAT/ NTFS/ etc Disk has Drive(s) Drive has File(s)/ Folder(s) Windows C:, D:, E: ect Linux / /Home, /var, /etc File Organization Windows Linux File Operations Create Disk Drive Format Disk Drive File/Folder Operations Create Rename Delate Copy Move Get Path Search 47 48

9 Windows File Operation File/ Folders Create Rename Delate Copy Move Get Path Search Set permission Create a Folder Method 01 MyComputer File New Folder Method 02 Right Click Shortcut menu New Folder Method 03 Comand prompt type MD <Folder name> Rename a Folder Method 01 Select the folder File menu rename Delete a Folder Method 01 Select the folder File menu Delete Method 02 Right Click the folder Shortcut menu Rename Method 02 Right Click the folder Shortcut menu Delete Method 03 Comand prompt type ren <Old name> < New name > Method 03 Comand prompt type del <name> Copy a Folder Method 01 Select the folder Edit menu Copy Go to the place Edit menu Paste Method 02 Right Click the folder Shortcut menu Copy Go to the place Edit menu Paste GET Path Method 01 Select the folder Read the path on address bar Method 02 Select the folder Right click Properties Location Method 03 Comand prompt type xcopy <Old name> < New name > 53 54

10 Search Click Start button Search Working with Applications Run application through the Start menu Run Application through the Run Window Directly double click on the application Run application through the command prompt Example Create a following folder structure / Home CPCA School Working CS Web Office sample.bat Linux Windows mywork.doc 57 Working with OS Working with windows OS Customize the OS File Management Hardware Management User Management Software Management Protect you computer and data Connect you PC with Others System Administration 7/11/2015 Budditha Hettige (budditha@yahoo.com) 58 Working with Windows Working with Linux 59 60