김태희, 권형일 1, 최성임 2* T.H. Kim, H.I. Kwon, and S.I. Choi

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1 김태희, 권형일 1, 최성임 2* A STUDY ON INVERSE DESIGN OF AIRFOIL USING e-science BASED AERODYNAMICS DESIGN OPTIMIZATION FRAMEWORK T.H. Kim, H.I. Kwon, and S.I. Choi Recently, with advanced computational performance, numerical design optimization including CFD has been developed in aerospace engineering. However it could hardly find the design optimization softwares and contents of which educational purposes in aerospace engineering. In this study, inverse shape design is developed for steady, two dimensional inviscid and compressible flow over airfoils using aerodynamic design optimization framework for an airfoil based on EDISON_CFD(Education-research through Simulation On the Net for Computational Fluid Dynamics). Design optimization is performed for drag minimization in transonic flow. Two target pressure distributions are RAE2822 known as transonic airfoil and previously designed airfoil for drag minimized from NACA0012 airfoil. Both result showed that shape, lift coefficient, and drag coefficient of baseline airfoil got closer to those of target airfoil. From a result, contents of design optimization framework could be expected to help in the lecture..,.,. Corresponding author schoi1@kaist.ac.kr... EDISON e-science. e-science EDISON M & S. e-science,,

2 2..,.. Hicks-Henne. NACA RAE RAE2822 airfoil, 24%.. EDISON ,. (Finitie Difference), (Complex Derivative Method), (Automatic Differece), Adjoint (Adjoint Variable Method). (Steepest Descent), (Conjugate Gradient Method ; Fletcher-Reeves Method), (Quasi-Newton Method), (Modified Feasible Directions Algorithm), (SLP ; Sequential Linear Programing), (SQP ; Sequential Quadratic Programing)., Simplex,,.. S quasi-newton method a. n n+1 (1). (1) ( SW) Fig. 1 SW. SW, SW, (Geometric Kernel) SW. SW. SW / Fig.2 Fig.1 EDISON design framework

3 Fig.2 Data flow in EDISON design framework. EDISON_CFD. 3. Design results 3.1 Inverse design EDISON. RAE [2] Hicks-Henne curve Hicks-Henne Fig.3 Hicks-henne function.[5] Hicks-Henne 7 (2). 식 sin log log Fig. 3(2) 7., Hicks-Henne i

4 i. j Hicks-Henne,. 1.0E E-04.[2], Kunn-Tucker CFD. CFD.,,. (Viscous drag), (Form drag), (Wave drag), 3 (Induced drag) ,. RoeM LU-SGS. tolerance 1.0E-07 CFL 2.0. Fig.4 NACA2412 O-type mesh (129 80) O-type mesh i 129, j 80 stretching type sinh. Fig.4 NACA2412 O-type mesh. 3.3 RAE2822 airfoil 0.725, 2, RAE2822 NACA2412. Hicks-Henne bump.. -. negative volume.. -. Table , 8 14 Hicks-Henne Fig.3. Table.1.

5 Table.1 Bump range of design variable Lower Bound of Upper Bound of Design Variable Design Variable 1-3.0E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E-02 Table.3 Final value of design variable Design Variable Design Variable E E E E E E E E E E E E E E-04 Fig.6 Shape of RAE2822 inverse design Fig.5 RAE2822 inverse design data Table.2 Result of RAE2822 inverse design Initial Target Final (NACA2412) (RAE2822) Result Objective function E E E E E E-02 Total call 599 Fig. 5 RAE2822 NACA NACA Table %. 6%. Table Fig. 6. NACA2412, RAE2822

6 Fig.7 Pressure contour of NACA2412 airfoil(left) and inverse design airfoil(right). RAE2822. Fig.7 NACA2412 RAE2822. NACA RAE2822 RAE Hicks-Hennen 3.2. Fig. 8. EDISON_DESIGN NACA0012 [2]. 10 Hicks-Henne,. NACA , 2,. Table 4 Hicks-Henne. 1 5, 6 10 Fig.8 Shape for design result of drag minimization using EDISON_DESIGN Table.4 bump range of design variable Lower Bound of Upper Bound of Design Variable Design Variable 1-3.0E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E-01 Fig.9 Inverse design data of target pressure distribution. Fig. 9.. Fig. 10.

7 Table.5 Result of inverse design for arbitrary pressure distribution Initial Final Target (NACA2412) Result Objective function E E E E E E E-02 Total call 211 Table.6 Final value of design variable Fig.10 Shape for inverse design of target pressure distribution Design Variable E E E E E E E E E E-04 Fig.11 Pressure contour of NACA0012 airfoil(left) and inverse design airfoil(right)... Fig.11 NACA0012. NACA %. Table %,,. table e-science EDISON... RAE2822. EDISON. EDISON ( )

8 [1],,,,,, 2012 e-science EDISON_CFD, 2011, pp [2] Lee Sang wook, 2005, Adjoint [3],,,, 2012 e-science, 2012 [4],, 2012, e-science, 2012 [5] Hicks, R. M. and Henne, P. A., Wing Design by Numerical Optimization [6],,,, 91 [7] JASBIR S. ARORA, Introduction to Optimum design [8],, [9] Ashok D. Belegundu, Tirupathi R. Chandrupatla, Optimization Concepts and Applications in Engineering [10] ASDL