Current JGOFS DMTT activities, and data management requirements for future marine biogeochemical projects - insights for modelers

Transcription

1 1 Current JGOFS DMTT activities, and data management requirements for future marine biogeochemical projects - insights for modelers Margarita Conkright Ocean Climate Laboratory National Oceanographic Data Center, USA mconkright@nodc.noaa.gov Bernard Avril JGOFS International Project Office, Norway Bernard.Avril@jgofs.uib.no Outline Data sources - JGOFS and JGOFS-related JGOFS International Data Set Recommendations for management of data in future projects - lessons learned

2 2 JGOFS and JGOFS-related Data JGOFS and JGOFS-related Websites

3 3 World Ocean Database 2001 World Ocean Atlas 2001 COMPARISON OF THE NUMBER OF STATIONS IN WOD01 WITH PREVIOUS WORLD OCEAN DATABASES Data type Station data and low resolution C/STD profiles Climatological Atlas of the World Ocean (1982) WOA94 WOD98 WOD01 425,000 1,194,407 1,373,440 2,121,042 High resolution CTD profiles na 89, , ,943 MBT profiles 775,000 1,922,170 2,077,200 2,376,206 XBT profiles 290,000 1,281,942 1,537,203 1,743,590 Moored Buoys na na 107, ,936 Drifting Buoys na na na 50,549 Profiling Floats na na na 22,637 Undulating Oceanographic Recorders na na na 37,645 Autonomous Pinniped Bathythermograph na na na 75,665 Total Stations 1,490,000 4,487,519 5,285,113 7,037,213 Surface only data* (cruises) na na na 4,743*

4 Contents of World Ocean Database 2001 (WOD01) Contains a total of 7,037,213 stations of which 148,243 contain plankton observations; there are an additional 4,743 stations containing surface observations; Variables include temperature, salinity, oxygen, phosphate, silicate, nitrate, ph, chlorophyll, plankton, alkalinity, pco 2, TCO 2, nitrate+nitrite, pressure, CO 2 warming, CO 2 atm, and air pressure; Consists of 8 CD-ROMS 7 contain data at observed depth levels, surface, and plankton data and one contains all the standard depth data; Contents are organized according to different instruments (probes): XBT, MBT, High Resolution CTD, Bottle and Low Resolution CTD, Surface Only, Autonomous Pinniped Bathythermographs, Undulating Oceanographic Recorders, Floats, Buoys, and Continuous measurements; Contents of World Ocean Database 2001 (WOD01) Within each instrument directory, data are separated into files based on WMO squares; Each CD also contains documentation files, description of metadata codes, utilities to decompress the data, sample FORTRAN and C programs for reading the data, the software program Ocean Data View for extracting and viewing the data, and a data directory; The OCL has attempted to ensure that the conversion from originator-to-ocl format was accurate, that duplicates were removed, and that questionable data were flagged this will be an ongoing effort with the help of scientists and data managers 4

5 5 Blue 1 station Green 2-5 stations Yellow 6-9 stations Red 10 or more stations World Ocean Atlas 2001 (WOA01) Annual mean silicate (µm) at 250m Surface annual mean temperature ( o C) Variable Annual Seasonal Monthly Temperature Salinity Dissolved oxygen Apparent oxygen utilization Percent oxygen saturation Phosphate Nitrate Silicate Chlorophyll Total Plankton Biomass: All biomass types 1 Calculated Carbon Mass NOAA Atlas NESDIS 49: Volume 1, Temperature NOAA Atlas NESDIS 51: Volume 3, Oxygen NOAA Atlas NESDIS 53: Volume 5, Plankton NOAA Atlas NESDIS 50: Volume 2, Salinity NOAA Atlas NESDIS 52: Volume 4, Nutrients NOAA Atlas NESDIS 54: Volume 6, Chlorophyll

6 World Ocean Atlas 2001 (WOA01) dd an mn oa sd se ma gp 1 degree Data Analyzed Unanalyzed Observed meanstandard Standard Analyzed mean minus Grid points Fields distribution mean mean minus analyzeddeviation error annual analyzed mean Variables a s m a s m a s m a s m a s m a s m s m a s m temperature x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x salinity x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x dissolved oxygen x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x Apparent Oxy.Util. x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x oxygen saturation x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x phosphate x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x nitrate x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x silicate x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x chlorophyll x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x plankton x x x x Analyzed mean fields (an) - One-degree all-data objectively analyzed mean Seasonal or monthly fields minus annual fields (ma) - One-degree seasonal and monthly analyzed mean minus annual analyzed fields Grid point fields (gp) - One-degree number of grid points which contain data within the radius of influence for each grid box Data distribution field (dd) - One-degree and five-degree geographic distribution of data used in analysis Standard deviation field (sd) -One-degree and five-degree standard deviation from the mean Standard error of the mean (se) - One-degree and five-degree standard error of the mean Means (mn) - One-degree and five-degree unanalyzed means for all data used in analysis Observed minus analyzed (oa) - One-degree analyzed field subtracted from one-degree unanalyzed (raw) means Current DMTT Activities Data US JGOFS DMO preparing merged data products for CTD, bottle chemistry and biology, and SMP data products - release of CD May 2003 German JGOFS data is being loaded into the PANGAEA system French JGOFS data continues to be place online Other inventory of JGOFS cruises production of an International JGOFS Data set 6

7 7 During the JGOFS program, key biological and chemical variables have been sampled by over 20 countries at the regional scale (process studies in the North Atlantic, Arabian Sea, Equatorial Pacific, Southern Ocean and North Pacific), global scale (carbon survey) and from long-term measurements at key ocean sites. As we proceed with the synthesis and modelling phase of JGOFS, it is becoming much likely that JGOFS may fall short in providing a satisfactory data legacy for future generations. The JGOFS data management plan was set up so each nation had a data coordinator responsible for that nation s data. Data are either managed by a national JGOFS data manager (e.g., Australia, Canada, France, Germany, India, Japan, U.K. and U.S.), or reside with individual Principal Investigators (PIs). A Data Management Task Team (DMTT) was formed to coordinate the data management efforts, but in effect, the DMTT does not represent all nations involved in JGOFS activities, and does not have the manpower to go far beyond coordination of data collections carried out nationally. The lack of a centralized international data office severely hampers the use of JGOFS data for synthesis and model validation, now and in the future.

8 Problems identified with the current JGOFS Data Management 1. ambiguity in many countries as to what constitutes a JGOFS cruise; 2. no time limit, and in most countries, no requirement for delivery of data to a data centre from where it can be disseminated and archived; 3. reluctance by PIs to share data; 4. data in diverse formats with incomplete documentation or missing key core JGOFS parameters. Recommendations for management of data in future programs 1. Establishment of a centralized international project data centre responsible for: acquisition of data, data access, and distribution of data to the World Data Center system to ensure its long-term archive; 2. Establishment of experienced/full-time national data coordinators who will: identify cruises and PIs associated with the program, work with PIs to ensure data and metadata are complete and in common file and data formats, submit data to the international data centre; 3. Setting of a time limit after which all countries, participating in the program, must submit the data; 4. Establishment of a minimum set of standards for reporting data and metadata. 8