GIS in security planning of sport events

Transcription

1 The Council of European Geodetic Surveyors The CLGE Student Contest GIS in security planning of sport events Author: Bálint Molnár (HUN) BSc student on Surveying and Land Management, University of West Hungary, Faculty of Geoinformatics Category: GIS and Mapping

2 Contents Introduction Supporting the cover of the football events Supporting the cover of basketball events Conclusions Bibliography

3 Introduction Studying as a land surveyor but I d like to work with laser scanners and 3D models in the future. This paper is a mix of two projects that I was working on before. The topics are very similar but the technology and the environment are different. The original idea for the first project was came from a police department. They searched a GIS engineer to build 3D models for sport events where the police wanted to demonstrate from one side the movements of fans and the police group and the trail of the actions from the other side. In general they use 2D maps to demonstrate the movements, positions, etc. and they want to upgrade this kind of method. They contacted my teacher and he proposed for me the project as a good topic for a professional paper. In the first project I was working on the stadium of Sóstó, Székesfehérvár, Hungary. I built a 3D model from 2D maps and photos that I got from the police and made animations. The animations helped the police to secure football events for example the Videoton FC - Sturm Graz Champion League match. This was the first project I will talk about in details later on. The second project is still in progress when I write these lines but it s near to its end. This project is much more precise than the first one because we measured the object by a Leica ScanStation C10 laser scanner. In this project the test area was the Vodafone Arena, Székesfehérvár, Hungary. This is the basketball arena of the city. With the basketball fans the police have less problems but the threat is still big. In the second case a 3D model of the arena was built but on the base of a point cloud which comes out from the laser scanner. After the 3D model was finished I made animations from the plans and as was before the animations were integrated to the briefing of the commanders meeting. The animations which were finished for the police are still in use and I have a constant connection with the police if they need more of them. 3

4 1. Supporting the cover of the football events As I wrote in the introduction, the first project was the stadium at Székesfehérvár district of Sóstó. The idea is originally from the police but it was improved by me. I had a pre-knowledge in building 3D models with 3ds Max so I choose this program to build my model. Few meetings were held with the representative of the police so the pretensions were given. I was taken to the stadium to take photographs which can help me to build up the model. The building section of the project was long because the stadium was built in three times. This was necessary to learn the correct use of the program. Fig 1.1. First model of the stadium Fig Third model of the stadium 4

5 Fig Third model of the stadium Fig Earlier photograph from the stadium When the stadium was finished, the simple model of the city was built,because the fans called themselves as ultras have a bad hobby namely to damage the shops trash bins sign-posts or - in the worst case - they can attack the fans of the other team or the police. So regarding security it s optimal to build the model of the city too. 5

6 Fig Modell of the city The city model doesn t contain the whole city just a few districts (Sóstó, Tóváros, Belváros, Viziváros). After the models were finished I received the plan and made the animations. These animations were integrated to a power point presentation at the commanders meeting before the match. I have attached pictures form my animations: Fig Cover plan for Videoton FC - Sturm Graz Champion League match - Power Point file 6

7 Fig Part of conception from the outer cover Fig Part of conception from outer cover 7

8 Fig Part of conception from inner cover Fig Unit positions from inner cover 8

9 Fig Part of conception from emergency clearing Fig Part of conception from emergency clearing 9

10 Fig Part of conception from emergency clearing Fig Part of conception from outer cleaning But why is it helpful for the police? Let s have a look. The police department of the city doesn t have enough men for a cover like this. They need ~500 men to secure the stadium and the city but they have maximum a half of it. So they need reinforcements form more counties. This means various types of vehicles and units for example: transport vehicles, commander vehicle, police dog teams, standby police groups and so on. But these units come from other cities and no one guarantees that 10

11 those men will know the city, the stadium, or the system of the cover. With these animations they see the city and the stadium in 3D and they can check their own positions and what they have to do when a riot explode. I was there in the meeting as an observer of the cover and good feedbacks were received to me, about the models and more of this one colonel from the Police Department of Somogy County asked me to make models for another stadium at Kaposvár. They told me that it s really helpful to secure an event and they would like to use this method at Kaposvár too. In my original projects I wrote from this cover but in this paper I evade this part of the project I just attach some pictures from these animations. The project was much smaller than the first one and the sections were the same as before. Fig Stadium of Kaposvár Fig Stadium of Kaposvár 11

12 Fig Part of conception from emergency clearing Fig Part of conception from emergency clearing 12

13 Fig Conception of outer cover This was the end of the project. The project was presented in our school at the professional contest. I didn t get to the national round but it was enough for me because I developed a new way to help the police with GIS technology. Unfortunately, I received very strict critics about my project because I took part in GIS category and the jury though that this is not GIS. So let me study this critics before the CLGE jury gives me the same critics. Let s see the definition of GIS: The GIS is a special section of the informatics which works with the geographical and spatial data collection, processing, analyzing, and monitoring. Above this GIS helps visualize the spatial data and support the decisions. My project wasn t connected strictly to this definition but If you see this is a spatial model which helps the police to make decisions and analyze a theoretical situation. In this way it is a GIS application, a GIS project. 13

14 2. Supporting the cover of basketball events My second project in this topic was the security of basketball events with 3D models. This project is much more a GIS project than the one before. For this job Leica C10 ScanStation was used. It s one of the Leica Geosystem s laser scanner which measures directions and distances in very high speed in a 270 x360 range and build a 3D model from the reflections of the laser signal. This is one of the stateof-the-art technology of nowadays in land surveying. The scanner was won in an EU tender at 2009 by my school. The instrument was lent to me to survey the basketball hall at Székesfehérvár which is called Vodafone Sport Center (older name: ARÉV hall). The police supported my new project and I have subjects in laser scanning technologies so the project was done on my own. After the appointments my teacher Nagy Gábor and I were able to go to survey the hall. We did the surveying operations in two days. In the first day the outside of the building was measured and after a week the inner side of the building was scanned. Fig Outside surveying with Leica C10 ScanStation, attached Leica System 1200 GPS system 14

15 Fig Outside point cloud of the Vodafone Sport Center Fig Inside surveying with Leica C10 ScanStation 15

16 Fig Inside point cloud of Vodafone Sport Center As you see in the pictures the point clouds are look like the original hall. After the surveying the next work phase was the attaching of the point clouds. The scanner store the clouds separately as the standpoints were stored. The clouds have to be attached before the processing was started. Thankfully support was received from Leica Geosystems Hungary who supported me with 30 day standalone license for Leica Cyclone - the processing software of the scanner - and Cloudworx VR the point cloud plugin for 3Ds Max The attachment was made with targets which were installed during the measuring. The clouds were attached for these targets which guarantee connection between the clouds. In some places I couldn t use these targets. In these places the clouds were attached for the common planes, edges, points. After the attachment process the model was ready to the 3D process. Some numbers from the model: The cloud contains approximately points The cloud built data from 17 standpoints The mid-error of the full cloud is less than 17 mm (geodetic accuracy) The raw survey data of the project is approximately 20,4 GB The convert of the cyclon database to VR database was taken 26,5 hours Two standpoints has coordinates, but the other point coordinates weren t calculated 16

17 Fig Attached inside and outside clouds After the cloud was prepared, a serious problem was popped up. The necessary hardware background wasn t available for me for this project. Fortunately the Hungarian Geodetic and Mapping Company has seen fantasy in my work. They work with the new Riegl VMX 450 Mobile Laser Scanner and their point clouds are much bigger than mine so they need the best performance in hardware to process the clouds. They allowed me to use one of their computer equipped with 8 core CPU, 24 GB RAM, and the latest graphic cards, which is far enough for the 3D process of my cloud. During my school semester every week I have travelled to Budapest to work on my project. At the company s office I worked with CloudWorX VR with the license I received from Leica. The original conception was the same as the project before. Using 3D primitives to build the hall. The VR has some very good tool for cloud modeling where I can put planes to the cloud. This would be a very good method but it would take too much time. By the way this would be the accurate method. Instead of this primitives was suited to the cloud. With this method the geodetical accuracy was given up for GIS accuracy. With this method I can build up the model within a month. 17

18 Fig Point cloud with CloudWorX VR Fig Working on the cloud 18

19 Fig Fitting the parts to the cloud Fig Outside fitting 19

20 Fig Working inside the hall, at the viewing area Fig Finished inside fitting When the model was finished the accuracy - because of the fitting - is about 1 m. By the way the police doesn t require accuracy just similarity. After the hall model is finished a small part of the city was built around it. Google Maps pictures were used to build the simple model of it. 20

21 Fig Using Google Maps picture to make the simple model of this part of the city Fig Simple model of the city After the model was prepared the animations were made from those plans which I received from the police. I made four videos for this cover: inner clearing, inner cover, outer clearing, outer cover. Fig Conception of outer cover 21

22 Fig Part of conception of outer clearing Fig Part of conception of inner cover 22

23 Fig Part of conception of inner clearing Unfortunately for some unknown reason the resolution of the videos is not so good but they are still expressive. When this paper was written the police had not used the videos yet because there hasn t hold any bigger basketball events in this part of the year. The project was finished in my aspect. These models will help the police to organize the cover and I hope I assisted to save people at an incidental riot, or natural disaster with the help of GIS. 23

24 Conclusions The project which was introduced in this paper was built from two projects but the original idea was the same: supporting the police work using 3D (GIS) spatial models. The project satisfied the preconditions. The police is using my models and videos with great enthusiasm because this is unique in our country to use 3D models in police labors. I tried to add a new way of thinking to the police where they can make better briefings and covers in cheaper and faster ways. A well trained GIS specialist can help the police in covers and secures like this projects but also can help to solve crimes with the tools of GIS. Think about a line-robbery where a GIS application can monitor the relation between the places at the map. Or think about the laser scanner technology. In the developed countries the police use laser scanners to CSI (crime scene investigation) because they don t have to take pictures instead of they can take the whole scene to the labor. The police officers ask me often what a land surveyor can do for the police? If you see we can help them to solve problems, prepare for the riot and solve crimes. The project what I made is just the top of the iceberg. I think there are great opportunities at this sector of the government and the education doesn t pay enough attention for this and also for the education of laser scanners. Anno at 1955 the MIT said the world need only 5 computers. Let us see the world nowadays. Our professionals say that we don t need so much laser scanners. What will they say about 50 years later? I cannot reform the GIS or the police methods but I can flash light on the defect of the way of thinking. I hope in few years the police will use much more GIS technology to make our world safer and better. Bibliography Molnár B.: Sportesemények rendőri biztosításának támogatása térinformatikai módszerekkel, Student s Scientific Conference, University of West Hungary, Szekesfehervar, Molnár B.: - Sportesemények rendőri biztosításának támogatása lézerszkenneres eljárásokkal, Student s Scientific Conference, University of West Hungary, Szekesfehervar, 2012.(in progress) Márkus B: Térinformatika I-II., Lecture Notes, University of West Hungary, Faculty of Geoinformatics, Szekesfehervar, Acknowledgment The project were initiated by key persons at Police Department of Fejér County Police Department of Somogy County University of West Hungary - Faculty of Geoinformatics and supported by Hungarian Geodetic and Mapping Company Limited Leica Geosystems Hungary The author would like to express his gratitude for their consistent advice and also for their help in project delivery. 24