James Van Rens CEO Riegl USA, Inc. Mining Industry and UAV s combined with LIDAR Commercial UAV Las Vegas October 2015 James Van Rens CEO Riegl USA

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1 James Van Rens CEO Riegl USA, Inc. Mining Industry and UAV s combined with LIDAR Commercial UAV Las Vegas October 2015 James Van Rens CEO Riegl USA

2 COST EFFECIENCY CONTINUUM LIDAR and IMU Partnership Technology is improving the performance and cost of sensors required for high accuracy mapping and surveying The critical question is what level of precision is required in the mining industry for their surveying and mapping activities

3 LIDAR Applications in the Mining Industry

4 Iron Ore Open Pit Mine

5 Stock pile applications

6 Typical Digital Terrain Model from Lidar

7 Coal Mine

8 The Future is Mine Automation requiring appropriate precision

9 UAV hype why with LIDAR LIDAR advantages - long range and high accuracy - penetration of vegetation - excellently suited for surveying of feature-poor areas - independent of ambient light UAV advantages for LIDAR - quick deployment - flexibility of vantage point ULS is reducing entry-level barrier for using advanced LIDAR technology

10 Benefits to LiDAR Integrated UAV s - New technology allows for LiDAR acquisition at a fraction of the current aerial surveying aircraft costs. - Small form factor allows for easy mobilization to site and thus, more remote sites. - Easy mobilization and lower operational costs, as well as time saved, results in a faster return on investment for the LiDAR/UAV remote sensing. - Fewer flightlines than photo imagery only - Expands LiDAR to new and novel applications currently in use with UAV s.

Operating altitude of more than 1000ft Very compact (227 x 180 x 125mm) and lightweight (approx. 3.

11 RIEGL VUX-1 High-accuracy ranging based on echo digitization and online waveform processing Survey grade measurement Accuracy / Precision 10mm / 5mm High laser pulse repetition rate of 550kHz for fast acquisition Fast scan speed up to 200 scans / sec Operating altitude of more than 1000ft Very compact (227 x 180 x 125mm) and lightweight (approx. 3.6 kg) Internal data storage capability of 240 GB Low power consumption of 60W while scanning Easily mountable to professional UAV/UAS s Unmanned Laser Scanning

12 Advantages of Echo Digitization and Waveform Analysis

13 Surveying UAV s using RIEGL LiDAR

14 UAS: RiCOPTER w/vux-sys Components GNSS+ Radio data link Antennas RGB- Camera Laser scanner VUX-SYS

15 IMU Trajectory in 2D Space

16 UAV Flight Coverage

17 IMU Inertial Measurement Unit Trajectory for LIDAR An inertial measurement unit (IMU) is an electronic device that measures and reports a craft's velocity, orientation, and gravitational forces, using a combination of accelerometers and gyroscopes, sometimes also magnetometers. IMUs are typically used to maneuver aircraft, including unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), among many others, and spacecraft, including satellites and landers. Recent developments allow for the production of IMU-enabled GPS devices. An IMU allows a GPS receiver to work when GPS-signals are unavailable, such as in tunnels, inside buildings, or when electronic interference is present. [1] A wireless IMU is known as a WIMU. [2][3][4][5] The IMU is the main component of inertial navigation systems used in aircraft, spacecraft, watercraft, drones, UAV and guided missiles among others. In this capacity, the data collected from the IMU's sensors allows a computer to track a craft's position, using a method known as dead reckoning.

18 What is MEMS Technology? Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems, or MEMS, is a technology that in its most general form can be defined as miniaturized mechanical and electro-mechanical elements (i.e., devices and structures) that are made using the techniques of microfabrication. The term used to define MEMS varies in different parts of the world. In the United States they are predominantly called MEMS, while in some other parts of the world they are called Microsystems Technology or micromachined devices.

20 Open Pit Mine in Maissau Austria

21 Mission Objectives This document contains the results of an analysis to evaluate the performances of the Applanix AP20 and APX15 IMU devices based on point cloud consistencies generated from a RIEGL VUX-1 laser scanner. The whole analysis has been conducted using the same VUX-1 laser scanner rigidly coupled to an Applanix AP20 IMU, representing RIEGL's VUX-SYS laser scanning system, with an Applanix APX15 IMU additionally integrated inside the VUX-1 device housing.

23 Applanix AP20

24 AP20 Performance Characteristics Trajectory Position

25 AP20 Trajectory Orientation

26 Riegl Reporting - RiPRECISION UAV trajectory corrections:

27 3D Point Cloud: Steep Bank & Floodplain

28 AP20 - Height difference plot of all laser data after RiPRECISION UAV blue: 0m, red: 0.10m, magenta: exceeding 0.10m

29 AP20 Profile Section

30 Applanix APX15

31 APX15 Trajectory Position Accuracy

32 APX15 - Trajectory Orientation Accuracy

33 APX15 -

34 APX15 - Height difference plot of all laser data after RiPRECISION UAV blue: 0m, red: 0.10m, magenta: exceeding 0.10m Information contained

35 APX15 Profile Section

36 Conclusions Typical point cloud consistencies resulting from initial trajectories: AP20: 1-7 cm vertically and horizontally APX15: 5-10 cm vertically; up to 50 cm horizontally

37 Conclusions Typical point cloud consistencies resulting from RiPRECISION UAV trajectories: AP20: 1-5 cm vertically and horizontally APX15: 2-5 cm vertically; up to 30 cm horizontally

38 Conclusion Applanix and RIEGL Laser Measurement Systems latest developments, yhe APX15, the RiCOPTER and the VUX-SYS, are the first systems in the ULS segment that are bridging the gap between airborne, mobile, and terrestrial laser scanning. ULS systems are bringing professional survey-grade quality of laser scanning that will enable current and new users to be highly productive and to deliver 3D analytics much more efficiently. Thank You and Any Questions?

39 Conclusions With suitable dynamics, both varieties (fiber-optic and MEMS) of IMU/GPS combinations were capable of providing an azimuth to within at least σ. Furthermore, the Allan variance analysis accurately predicted the azimuth drift performance of the IMU systems.

The Use of UAV s for Gathering Spatial Information. James Van Rens CEO MAPPS Winter Conference January, 2015

The Use of UAV s for Gathering Spatial Information James Van Rens CEO MAPPS Winter Conference January, 2015 1 UAV Technological Timeline 1980 s RPV (Remotely Piloted Vehicle) Operator on ground, almost