Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) Supplement 116: 3D X-Ray Storage SOP Class

Transcription

1 2 4 6 Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) 8 Supplement 116: 3D X-Ray Storage SOP Class Prepared by: 24 DICOM Standards Committee, Working Groups 02, Projection Imaging 15, Mammography 22, Dentistry N. 17th Street, Suite 1752 Rosslyn, Virginia USA 28 VERSION: Letter Ballot Version 25 October 2006 Developed pursuant to DICOM Work Item Number C 30

2 Page 2 Table of Contents Foreword...4 Scope and Field of Application...4 Changes to NEMA Standards Publication PS Changes to NEMA Standards Publication PS X1 GENERAL CONTRIBUTING SOURCES MACRO X2 CONTRIBUTING IMAGE SOURCES MACRO X3 PATIENT ORIENTATION MACRO X3.1 Relation with other positioning attributes...11 A.X 3D X-RAY ANGIOGRAPHIC IMAGE INFORMATION OBJECT DEFINITION...13 A.X.1 3D X-Ray Angiographic Image IOD Description...13 A.X.2 3D X-Ray Angiographic Image IOD Entity-Relationship Model...13 A.X.3 3D X-Ray Angiographic Image IOD Image Module Table...13 A.X.3.1 3D X-Ray Angiographic Image IOD Content Constraints...14 A.X Modality Type Attribute...14 A.X Restrictions for Standard Extended SOP Classes...14 A.X.4 3D X-Ray Angiographic Image Functional Group Macros...14 A.X.4.1 3D X-Ray Angiographic Image Functional Group Macros Content Constraints...15 A.X Frame Anatomy Function Group Macro...15 A.Y 3D X-RAY CRANIOFACIAL IMAGE INFORMATION OBJECT DEFINITION...15 A.Y.1 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Image IOD Description...15 A.Y.2 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Image IOD Entity-Relationship Model...15 A.Y.3 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Image IOD Module Table...15 A.Y.3.1 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Image IOD Content Constraints...16 A.Y Modality Type Attribute...16 A.Y Restrictions for Standard Extended SOP Classes...16 A.Y.4 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Image Functional Group Macros...16 A.Y.4.1 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Image Functional Group Macros Content Constraints...17 A.Y Frame Anatomy Function Group Macro...17 C.7.3.X Enhanced Series Module...18 C.7.6.X1 Patient Orientation Module...18 C.7.6.X2. Coordinate System Relationship Module...18 C.7.6.X2.1 Image to Equipment Mapping Matrix...19 C.8.X.2 3D X-Ray Image Module...20 C.8.X.2.1 3D X-Ray Image Module Attribute Description...22 C.8.X Image Type and Frame Type...22 C.8.X.4 3D X-Ray Contributing Image Sources Modules...23 C.8.X.4.1 3D X-Ray Angiographic Image Contributing Sources Module...23 C.8.X.4.2 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Image Contributing Sources Module...23 C.8.X.5 3D X-Ray Acquisition Context Modules...24 C.8.X.5.1 3D X-Ray General Acquisition Context Macros...27 C.8.X D X-Ray General Shared Acquisition Context Macro...27 C.8.X D X-Ray General Per Projection Acquisition Context Macro...29 C.8.X.5.2 3D X-Ray Angiographic Acquisition Context Module...31 C.8.X.5.3 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Acquisition Context Module...33 C.8.X.6 3D X-Ray Reconstruction Module...34 C.8.X.7 3D X-Ray Image Functional Group Macros...34 C.8.X.7.1 3D X-Ray Frame Type Macro...35 Changes to NEMA Standards Publication PS

3 Page B.5 STANDARD SOP CLASSES I.4 MEDIA STORAGE SOP CLASSES Changes to NEMA Standards Publication PS Changes to NEMA Standards Publication PS C.2 CREATOR RSA DIGITAL SIGNATURE PROFILE C.3 AUTHORIZATION RSA DIGITAL SIGNATURE PROFILE INDEX... 43

4 Page 4 Foreword This supplement to the DICOM standard introduces the new 3D X-Ray Storage SOP Classes. It is based on the new multi-frame concepts, introduced with the enhanced MR SOP Classes. This document is a Supplement to the DICOM Standard. It is an extension to the following parts of the published DICOM Standard: PS 3.2 PS 3.3 PS 3.4 PS 3.6 PS 3.15 Conformance Information Object Definitions Service Class Specifications Data Dictionary Security and Systems Management Profiles Scope and Field of Application The scope of this Supplement is defining a baseline for a family of dedicated X-Ray multi-dimensional storage SOP Classes that would define the 3D volume or volumes created from X-Ray cone beam projection. The slices of the volumes are in the Cartesian format, i.e., non-curved slices defined by position and orientation properties. The 3D X-Ray Angiographic Image SOP Class allows storage of the results of a 3D reconstruction from either the current XA SOP Class images or the new Enhanced XA SOP Class. The 3D X-Ray Angiographic Image SOP Class definition will include the relationship to the isocenter reference system and the relevant acquisition attributes from 2D projection images. The 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Image SOP Class allows storage of the results of a 3D reconstruction from the current SOP Class images used in dentistry. The 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Image SOP Class definition will include the relationship to the isocenter reference system and the relevant acquisition attributes from 2D projection images. Additionally simple viewing of the volume contents with 2D viewers and basic 3D viewers must be possible. 114

5 Page Changes to NEMA Standards Publication PS Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) 124 Part 2: Conformance

6 Page 6 Item #1: Add new SOP Classes in Table A Table A.1-2 UID VALUES UID Value UID NAME Category X.1.1 3D X-Ray Angiographic Transfer Image Storage X.1.2 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Transfer Image Storage

7 Page Changes to NEMA Standards Publication PS Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) Part 3: Information Object Definitions 140

8 Page Item #2: Add new macros to Section X1 GENERAL CONTRIBUTING SOURCES MACRO Table 10-X1 contains IOD Attributes that describe the general characteristics of the contributing sources used to create a new SOP Instance. Table 10-X1 GENERAL CONTRIBUTING SOURCES MACRO ATTRIBUTES Attribute Name Tag Type Attribute Description Contributing SOP Instances Reference Sequence (0020,9x29) 1C A sequence that identifies the contributing SOP Instances. Required if this SOP Instance is created from other DICOM SOP Instances. Note: The attribute is absent in the case where the sources used to create this SOP Instance are not SOP Instances, e.g., a volume that was directly generated by an acquisition system. One or more Items may be present. >Study Instance UID (0020,000D) 1 Unique identifier for the Study of the Contributing SOP Instances. >Referenced Series Sequence (0008,1115) 1 Sequence of Items each of which includes the Attributes of one Series. One or more Items may be present. >>Series Instance UID (0020,000E) 1 Unique identifier of the Series containing the referenced Instances. >>Series Number (0020,0011) 2 A number that identifies this Series. >>Referenced Instance Sequence (0008,114A) 1 Sequence of Items each providing a reference to an Instance that is part of the Series defined by Series Instance UID (0020,000E) in the enclosing Item. One or more Items may be present. >>>Referenced SOP Class UID (0008,1150) 1 Uniquely identifies the referenced SOP Class. >>>Referenced SOP Instance UID (0008,1155) 1 Uniquely identifies the referenced SOP Instance. >>>Instance Number (0020,0013) 2 A number that identifies this instance. Manufacturer (0008,0070) 2 Manufacturer of the equipment that produced the sources. Manufacturer's Model Name (0008,1090) 3 Manufacturer s model name of the equipment that produced the sources. Device Serial Number (0018,1000) 3 Manufacturer s serial number of the equipment that produced the sources. Software Versions (0018,1020) 3 Manufacturer s designation of software version of the equipment that produced the sources.

9 Page Acquisition Datetime (0008,002A) 3 The time the acquisition of data that resulted in sources started Note: The Acquisition Datetime may be created by combining the values of Acquisition Date (0008,0022) and Acquisition Time (0008,0032) attributes. Station Name (0008,1010) 3 User defined name identifying the machine that produced the sources. Operators Name (0008,1070) 3 Name(s) of the operator(s) supporting the Series. Operator Identification Sequence (0008,1072) 3 Identification of the operator(s) supporting the Series. One or more items shall be included in this sequence. If more than one Item, the number and order shall correspond to the value of Operators Name (0008,1070), if present. >Include Person Identification Macro Table 10-1 Protocol Name (0018,1030) 3 User-defined description of the conditions under which the Series was performed. Note: This attribute conveys seriesspecific protocol identification and may or may not be identical to the one presented in the Performed Protocol Code Sequence (0040,0260). Performed Protocol Code Sequence >Include Code Sequence Macro Table (0040,0260) 3 Sequence describing the Protocol performed for the Procedure Step creating the sources. One or more Items may be included in this Sequence. No Baseline Context ID is defined. Acquisition Protocol Name (0018,9423) 3 User defined name of the protocol used to acquire this image.

10 Page X2 CONTRIBUTING IMAGE SOURCES MACRO 148 Table 10-X2 contains IOD Attributes that describe the image related characteristics of the contributing image sources used to create a new SOP Instance (e.g., a volume SOP Instance). 150 Table 10-X2 CONTRIBUTING IMAGE SOURCES MACRO ATTRIBUTES 152 Attribute Name Tag Type Attribute Description Rows (0028,0010) 1 Number of rows in the images. Columns (0028,0011) 1 Number of columns in the images. Bits Stored (0028,0101) 1 Number of bits stored for each pixel sample. Each sample shall have the same number of bits stored. See PS 3.5 for further explanation. Lossy Image Compression (0028,2110) 1C Specifies whether the Source Images have undergone lossy compression. Enumerated Values: 00 = Image has NOT been subjected to lossy compression. 01 = Image has been subjected to lossy compression. See C for further explanation. Required if it is known whether or not Lossy Compression has been performed on the Images. Note: In some SOP Class definitions the Lossy Image Compression attribute is optional. Lossy Image Compression Ratio (0028,2112) 1C See C for further explanation. Required if Lossy Image Compression (0028,2110) equals 01. Lossy Image Compression Method (0028,2114) 1C A label for the lossy compression method(s) that have been applied to the source images. See C for further explanation. May be multi-valued if successive lossy compression steps have been applied; the value order shall correspond to the values of Lossy Image Compression Ratio (0028,2112). Note: For historical reasons, the lossy compression method may also be described in Derivation Description (0008,2111). Required if Lossy Image Compression (0028,2110) equals 01.

11 Page X3 PATIENT ORIENTATION MACRO This section describes attributes of the Patient Orientation Macro by specifying the patient orientation related to gravity and equipment. Table 10-X3 contains IOD Attributes that describe the Patient Orientation related to gravity and equipment. Table 10-X3 PATIENT ORIENTATION MACRO ATTRIBUTES Attribute Name Tag Type Attribute Description Patient Orientation Code Sequence (0054,0410) 1 Sequence that describes the orientation of the patient with respect to gravity. See C for further explanation. Only a single Item shall be permitted in this Sequence. >Include Code Sequence Macro Table Baseline Context ID 19 > Patient Orientation Modifier Code Sequence (0054,0412) 1C Patient Orientation Modifier. Required if needed to fully specify the orientation of the patient with respect to gravity. Only a single Item shall be permitted in this Sequence. >>Include Code Sequence Macro Table Baseline Context ID 20 Patient Gantry Relationship Code Sequence (0054,0414) 3 Sequence that describes the orientation of the patient with respect to the head of the table. See Section C for further explanation. Only a single Item shall be permitted in this Sequence. >Include Code Sequence Macro Table Baseline Context ID X3.1 Relation with other positioning attributes The attributes of this macro may be used to correlate the patient based coordinate system (see C.7.6.2) and the equipment. The Patient Orientation Code Sequence (0054,0410) allows a more precise and comprehensive positioning than the Patient Position (0018,5100) attribute. If this sequence is present the Patient Position attribute shall not be used. 166 Item #3: Add new IODs in Table A.1-1 IODs Modules 3D XA 3D DX Patient M M Clinical Trial subject U U General Study M M Patient Study U U

12 Page 12 Clinical Trial Study U U General Series M M Clinical Trial Series U U Enhanced Series M M Frame of Reference U U General Equipment M M Enhanced General Equipment M M Image Pixel M M Enhanced Contrast/Bolus C C Device U U Intervention U U Acquisition Context M M Multi-frame Functional Groups M M Multi-frame Dimension U U Cardiac Synchronization C Respiratory Synchronization C Patient Orientation U U Coordinate System U U Relationship 3D X-Ray Image M M 3D X-Ray Angiographic Image U Contributing Sources 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Image U Contributing Sources 3D X-Ray Angiographic Acquisition U Context 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Acquisition U Context 3D X-Ray Reconstruction U U SOP Common M M 168

13 Page Item #4: Add section to Annex A A.X 3D X-RAY ANGIOGRAPHIC IMAGE INFORMATION OBJECT DEFINITION A.X.1 3D X-Ray Angiographic Image IOD Description This Section defines the Information Object for multi-dimensional reconstructed cone beam X-Ray Angiographic Images and includes those data elements and information objects necessary for the interchange of Multi-dimensional X-Ray volumes. Examples of 3D X-Ray Angiographic Images are: 3D reconstruction of static vascular structures, ECG triggered cardiac volumes at different phases in the cardiac cycle, coronary artery tree reconstructions. 176 A.X.2 3D X-Ray Angiographic Image IOD Entity-Relationship Model 178 The E-R Model in Section A.1.2 depicts those components of the DICOM Application Information Model that directly reference the 3D X-Ray Angiographic Image IOD. A.X.3 3D X-Ray Angiographic Image IOD Image Module Table 180 Table A.X-1 3D X-RAY ANGIOGRAPHIC IMAGE IOD MODULES IE Module Reference Usage Patient Patient C M Clinical Trial Subject C U Study General Study C M Series Frame of Reference Equipment Image Patient Study C U Clinical Trial Study C U General Series C M Clinical Trial Series C U Enhanced Series C.7.3.X M Frame of Reference C U General Equipment C M Enhanced General C M Equipment Image Pixel C M Enhanced Contrast/Bolus C.7.6.4b C Required if contrast media was applied. Device C U Intervention C U Acquisition Context C M Multi-frame Functional C M Groups Multi-frame Dimension C U Cardiac Synchronization C C Required if cardiac synchronization was applied.

14 Page A.X.3.1 A.X Respiratory Synchronization C C Required if respiratory synchronization was applied. Patient Orientation C.7.6.X1 U Coordinate System C.7.6.X2 U Relationship 3D X-Ray Image C.8.X.2 M 3D X-Ray Angiographic C.8.X.4.1 U Image Contributing Sources 3D X-Ray Angiographic C.8.X.5.2 U Acquisition Context 3D X-Ray Reconstruction C.8.X.6 U SOP Common C.12.1 M 3D X-Ray Angiographic Image IOD Content Constraints Modality Type Attribute The Modality Type attribute (0008,0060) shall have the value XA. A.X Restrictions for Standard Extended SOP Classes The Overlay Plane Module, VOI LUT Module and Softcopy Presentation LUT Module shall not be used in a Standard Extended SOP Class of the 3D X-Ray Angiographic Image. A.X.4 Note: The VOI LUT function is provided by a Frame VOI LUT Functional Group. 3D X-Ray Angiographic Image Functional Group Macros Table A.X-2 specifies the use of the Functional Group macros used in the Multi-frame Functional Groups Module for the 3D X-Ray Angiographic Image IOD. Table A.X-2 3D X-RAY ANGIOGRAPHIC IMAGE FUNCTIONAL GROUP MACROS Functional Group Macro Section Usage Pixel Measures C M Frame Content C M May not be used as a Shared Functional Group. Plane Position C M Plane Orientation C M Referenced Image C U Derivation Image C C Required if the image or frame has been derived from another SOP Instance. Cardiac Trigger C U Frame Anatomy C M Pixel Value Transformation C U Frame VOI LUT C U Real World Value Mapping C U

15 Page A.X.4.1 Contrast/Bolus Usage C C Required if the Enhanced Contrast/Bolus Module is present. Respiratory Trigger C U 3D X-Ray Frame Type C.8.X.7.1 M May not be used as a Shared Functional Group. A.X D X-Ray Angiographic Image Functional Group Macros Content Constraints Frame Anatomy Function Group Macro The Defined Context ID for the Anatomic Region Sequence (0008,2218) shall be CID A.Y 3D X-RAY CRANIOFACIAL IMAGE INFORMATION OBJECT DEFINITION A.Y.1 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Image IOD Description This Section defines the Information Object for multi-dimensional reconstructed cone beam X-Ray Craniofacial Images and includes those data elements and information objects necessary for the interchange of Multi-dimensional X-Ray volumes. Examples of 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Images are: 3D reconstruction of craniofacial structures for surgical placement of implants, dimensional analysis for orthodontic therapy and evaluation of craniofacial pathology. 208 A.Y.2 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Image IOD Entity-Relationship Model 210 The E-R Model in Section A.1.2 depicts those components of the DICOM Application Information Model that directly reference the 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Image IOD. A.Y.3 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Image IOD Module Table 212 Table A.Y-1 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Image IOD MODULES IE Module Reference Usage Patient Patient C M Clinical Trial Subject C U Study General Study C M Patient Study C U Clinical Trial Study C U Series General Series C M Clinical Trial Series C U Enhanced Series C.7.3.X M Frame of Frame of Reference C U Reference Equipment General Equipment C M Enhanced General C M Equipment Image Image Pixel C M Enhanced Contrast/Bolus C.7.6.4b C Required if contrast media was applied.

16 Page A.Y.3.1 A.Y Device C U Intervention C U Acquisition Context C M Multi-frame Functional C M Groups Multi-frame Dimension C U Patient Orientation C.7.6.X1 U Coordinate System C.7.6.X2 U Relationship 3D X-Ray Image C.8.X.2 M 3D X-Ray Craniofacial C.8.X.4.2 U Image Contributing Sources 3D X-Ray Craniofacial C.8.X.5.3 U Acquisition Context 3D X-Ray Reconstruction C.8.X.6 U SOP Common C.12.1 M 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Image IOD Content Constraints Modality Type Attribute The Modality Type attribute (0008,0060) shall have the value DX. A.Y Restrictions for Standard Extended SOP Classes The Overlay Plane Module, VOI LUT Module and Softcopy Presentation LUT Module shall not be used in a Standard Extended SOP Class of the 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Image. A.Y.4 Note: The VOI LUT function is provided by a Frame VOI LUT Functional Group. 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Image Functional Group Macros Table A.Y-2 specifies the use of the Functional Group macros used in the Multi-frame Functional Groups Module for the 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Image IOD. Table A.Y-2 3D X-RAY CRANIOFACIAL IMAGE FUNCTIONAL GROUP MACROS Functional Group Macro Section Usage Pixel Measures C M Frame Content C M May not be used as a Shared Functional Group. Plane Position C M Plane Orientation C M Referenced Image C U Derivation Image C C Required if the image or frame has been derived from another SOP Instance. Frame Anatomy C M

17 Page Pixel Value Transformation C U Frame VOI LUT C U Real World Value Mapping C U Contrast/Bolus Usage C C Required if the Enhanced Contrast/Bolus Module is present. 3D X-Ray Frame Type C.8.X.7.1 M May not be used as a Shared Functional Group. A.Y.4.1 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Image Functional Group Macros Content Constraints A.Y Frame Anatomy Function Group Macro The Defined Context ID for the Anatomic Region Sequence (0008,2218) shall be CID 4031 or CID In the case of CID 4016, the Defined Context ID for the Anatomic Region Modifier Sequence (0008,2220) shall be CID 4017, if present, and the Defined Context ID for the Primary Anatomic Structure Sequence (0008,2228) shall be either CID 4018 or CID 4019, if present.

18 Page 18 Item #5: Add new section to Section C C.7.3.X Enhanced Series Module Table C.7-5X Table specifies the Attributes that identify and describe general information about the Series within a Study Note: This table contains a subset of the attributes of General Series Module (Table C.7-5a) but the Type designation is changed into Type 1. Including this module in an IOD overwrites the Type designation of the General Series Module. 244 Table C.7-5X ENHANCED SERIES MODULE ATTRIBUTES Attribute Name Tag Type Attribute Description Series Number (0020,0011) 1 A number that identifies this Series. Referenced Performed Procedure Step Sequence (0008,1111) 1C Uniquely identifies the Performed Procedure Step SOP Instance to which the Series is related (e.g. a Modality or General-Purpose Performed Procedure Step SOP Instance). Only a single Item is permitted in this sequence. Required if the Modality Performed Procedure Step SOP Class or General Purpose Performed Procedure Step SOP Class is supported. >Referenced SOP Class UID (0008,1150) 1 Uniquely identifies the referenced SOP Class. >Referenced SOP Instance UID (0008,1155) 1 Uniquely identifies the referenced SOP Instance Item #6: Add new sections to Section C.7.6 C.7.6.X1 Patient Orientation Module This section describes attributes of the Patient Orientation Module by describing the patient orientation related to gravity and equipment. Table C.6.7.X1-1 contains IOD Attributes that describe the Patient Orientation. Table C.6.7.X1-1 PATIENT ORIENTATION MODULE ATTRIBUTES Attribute Name Tag Type Attribute Description Include Patient Orientation Macro Table 10-X C.7.6.X2. Coordinate System Relationship Module This section describes the Coordinate System Relationship module. Table C.7.6.X2-1 contains the attributes that specify how the equipment (e.g. gantry) and patient oriented coordinate system (in conjunction with the Image Position (Patient) (0020,0032) and Image Orientation (Patient) (0020,0037) attributes) are related.

19 Page Table C.7.6.X2-1 COORDINATE SYSTEM RELATIONSHIP MODULE ATTRIBUTES Attribute Name Tag Type Attribute Description Image to Equipment Mapping Matrix (0028,9x20) 1 A 4x4 homogeneous transformation matrix that maps patient coordinate space of the reconstructed image to the equipment defined original coordinate space. Matrix elements shall be listed in row-major order. See C.7.6.X2.1. Equipment Coordinate System Identification (0028,9x37) 1 Identification of the type of equipment coordinate system in which the projection images were acquired. Defined Terms: ISOCENTER C.7.6.X2.1 Image to Equipment Mapping Matrix The Image to Equipment Mapping Matrix (0028,9x20) is used to describe the relationship between the Patient oriented coordinate system and a modality specific equipment coordinate system. This mapping can only be used with systems that have a well-defined equipment coordinate system (such as XA, etc.). The Image to Equipment Mapping Matrix A M B describes how to transform a point ( B x, B y, B z) with respect to the Patient coordinate system into ( A x, A y, A z) with respect to the equipment coordinate system according to the equation below. A x M A y = M A z M M M M M M M Tx T y T z 1 B x B y B z The Image to Equipment Mapping Matrix is a rigid transformation that involves only translations and rotations. Mathematically, the matrix shall be orthonormal and can describe six degrees of freedom: three translations, and three rotations. 274 Note: C.7.6.X2.2 Both the Patient Coordinate System and the Equipment Coordinate System are expressed in millimeters. Equipment Coordinate System Pointer The Equipment Coordinate System Identification (0028,9x37) identifies the Reference Coordinate System to which the Equipment Mapping Matrix (0028,9x20) is related. The Defined Term ISOCENTER refers to a coordinate reference system where the origin corresponds with the center of rotation of the projections Note: For 3D X-Ray Angiographic Images created from SOP Instances of the Enhanced XA SOP Class ( ) the isocenter coordinate system is used to describe the positioning of the table and positioner (see C ), and will use only the Defined Term ISOCENTER.

20 Page Item #7: Add new sections to C.8 MODALITY SPECIFIC MODULES C.8.X.2 3D X-Ray Image Module This section describes the 3D X-Ray Image Module. Table C.8.X2-1 contains IOD Attributes that describe a 3D X-Ray Image by specializing Attributes of the General Image and Image Pixel Modules, and adding additional Attributes. Table C.8.X2-1 3D X-RAY IMAGE MODULE ATTRIBUTES Attribute Name Tag Type Attribute Description Image Type (0008,0008) 1 Image identification characteristics. See C.8.X for specialization. Include Common CT/MR Image Description Macro Table C Bits Allocated (0028,0100) 1 Number of bits allocated for each voxel sample. Each sample shall have the same number of bits allocated. Enumerated Values: 8 and 16. Bits Stored (0028,0101) 1 Number of bits stored for each voxel sample. Each sample shall have the same number of bits stored. Enumerated Values: 8 to 16. High Bit (0028,0102) 1 Most significant bit for pixel sample data. Each sample shall have the same high bit. Shall be one less than the value in Bits Stored (0028,0101). Samples per Pixel (0028,0002) 1 Number of samples (color planes) in this image shall have a value of 1. Photometric Interpretation (0028,0004) 1 Specifies the intended interpretation of the voxel data. Enumerated Values: MONOCHROME2 Content Qualification (0018,9004) 1 Content Qualification Indicator Enumerated Values: PRODUCT RESEARCH SERVICE See C for further explanation. Burned In Annotation (0028,0301) 1 Indicates whether or not the image contains sufficient burned in annotation to identify the patient and date the image was acquired. Enumerated Values: NO

21 Page 21 Lossy Image Compression (0028,2110) 1 Specifies whether an Image has undergone lossy compression. Enumerated Values: 00 = Image has NOT been subjected to lossy compression. 01 = Image has been subjected to lossy compression. See C for further explanation. Lossy Image Compression Ratio (0028,2112) 1C See C for further explanation. Required if Lossy Image Compression (0028,2110) equals 01. Lossy Image Compression Method (0028,2114) 1C A label for the lossy compression method(s) that have been applied to this image. See C for further explanation. May be multi-valued if successive lossy compression steps have been applied; the value order shall correspond to the values of Lossy Image Compression Ratio (0028,2112). Note: For historical reasons, the lossy compression method may also be described in Derivation Description (0008,2111). Required if Lossy Image Compression (0028,2110) equals 01. Referenced Image Evidence Sequence (0008,9092) 1C Full set of Composite SOP Instances referred to inside the Referenced Image Sequences of this SOP Instance. See C for further explanation. One or more Items may be permitted in this sequence. Required if the Referenced Image Sequence (0008,1140) is present. >Include SOP Instance Reference Macro Table C.17-3 Source Image Evidence Sequence (0008,9154) 1C Full set of Composite SOP Instances referred to inside the Source Image Sequences of this SOP Instance. See C for further explanation. One or more Items may be permitted in this sequence. Required if the Source Image Sequence (0008,2112) is present. >Include SOP Instance Reference Macro Table C.17-3 Image Comments (0020,4000) 3 User-defined comments about the image.

22 Page 22 Quality Control Image (0028,0300) 3 Indicates whether or not this image is a quality control or phantom image. Enumerated Values: YES NO If this Attribute is absent, then the image may or may not be a quality control or phantom image. Icon Image Sequence (0088,0200) 3 This icon image is representative of the Image. > Include Image Pixel Macro Table C.7-11b See C for further explanation. Presentation LUT Shape (2050,0020) 1 Specifies a predefined identity transformation for the Presentation LUT such that the output of all grayscale transformations, if any, are defined to be in P-Values. Enumerated Values: IDENTITY = output is in P-Values C.8.X.2.1 C.8.X D X-Ray Image Module Attribute Description Image Type and Frame Type In addition to the requirements specified in C Image Type, the following additional requirements and Defined Terms are specified. C.8.X Pixel Data Characteristics Value 1 of Image Type (0008,0008) and Frame Type (0008,9007) is discussed in C The value shall be DERIVED. C.8.X Patient Examination Characteristics Value 2 of Image Type (0008,0008) and Frame Type (0008,9007) is discussed in C No additional requirements or Defined Terms. C.8.X Image Flavor Value 3 of Image Type (0008,0008) and Frame Type (0008,9007) is discussed in C No additional requirements or Defined Terms. C.8.X Derived Pixel Contrast Table C.8.X2-2 specifies the Defined Terms for 3D X-Ray additional to those defined in C for Value 4 for Image Type (0008,0008) and Frame Type (0008,9007). Table C.8.X2-2 IMAGE TYPE AND FRAME TYPE VALUE 4 FOR 3D X-RAY IMAGE Defined Term Name Defined Term Description TOMO_SYNTHESIS 3D created from 2D projection images

23 Page C.8.X.4 3D X-Ray Contributing Image Sources Modules This section describes the 3D X-Ray Image Contributing Sources Modules Notes: 1.These modules supply general information of the sources without the need to have access to all the contributing SOP Instances or when these SOP Instances do not exist. 2. These modules do not contain specific information of the X-Ray acquisition itself. For this purpose the 3D X-Ray Acquisition Context Modules may be used C.8.X.4.1 3D X-Ray Angiographic Image Contributing Sources Module This section describes the 3D X-Ray Angiographic Image Contributing Sources Module. The attributes in this Module specify the overall characteristics of one or more sources that were used to create a 3D X-Ray Angiographic Image SOP Class instance. Table C.8.X4-1 contains the relevant IOD Attributes that describe 3D X-Ray Angiographic Image Contributing Sources. Table C.8.X4-1 3D X-RAY ANGIOGRAPHIC IMAGE CONTRIBUTING SOURCES MODULE ATTRIBUTES Attribute Name Tag Type Attribute Description Contributing Sources Sequence (0018,9x06) 1 A sequence that describes characteristics of the sources that are used to create a derived SOP Instance. One or more Items may be present. >Include General Contributing Sources Macro Table 10-X1 >Include Contributing Image Source Macro Table 10-X2 >Acquisition Device Processing Description >Acquisition Device Processing Code (0018,1400) 3 Indicates any visual processing performed on the frame prior to exchange. See Section C (0018,1401) 3 Code representing the device-specific processing associated with the frame (e.g. Organ Filtering code) >Plane Identification (0018,9457) 3 Identification of the plane used to acquire this image. Defined Terms: MONOPLANE PLANE A PLANE B >Imager Pixel Spacing (0018,1164) 3 Physical distance measured at the receptor plane of the detector between the centers of each pixel specified by a numeric pair row spacing value (delimiter) column spacing value in mm C.8.X.4.2 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Image Contributing Sources Module This section describes the 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Image Contributing Sources Module. The attributes in this Module specify the overall characteristics of one or more sources that were used to create a 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Image SOP Class instance. Table C.8.X4-2 contains the relevant IOD Attributes that describe 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Image Contributing Source.

24 Page Table C.8.X4-2 3D X-RAY CRANIOFACIAL IMAGE CONTRIBUTING SOURCES MODULE ATTRIBUTES Attribute Name Tag Type Attribute Description Contributing Sources Sequence (0018,9x06) 1 A sequence that describes characteristics of the sources that are used to create a derived SOP Instance. One or more Items may be present. >Include General Contributing Sources Macro Table 10-X1 >Include Contributing Image Source Macro Table 10-X2 >Acquisition Device Processing Description >Acquisition Device Processing Code (0018,1400) 3 Indicates any visual processing performed on the frame prior to exchange. See Section C (0018,1401) 3 Code representing the device-specific processing associated with the frame (e.g. Organ Filtering code) >Imager Pixel Spacing (0018,1164) 3 Physical distance measured at the receptor plane of the detector between the centers of each pixel specified by a numeric pair row spacing value (delimiter) column spacing value in mm. C.8.X.5 3D X-Ray Acquisition Context Modules This section describes the 3D X-Ray Acquisition Context Modules and Macros to specify the acquisition context information used as input for one or more reconstructions. The Macros in this section define the attributes that are common for all modalities. The Macros are used in the modality specific Modules. The attributes of each item in the 3D X-Ray Acquisition Context Sequence (0018,9x07) define the acquisition characteristics of the projection images that were used to create one or more reconstructions. 340 Note: The intention of this sequence is to supply acquisition information without the need to have access to all the contributing SOP Instances or when these SOP Instances do not exist.

25 Page For each item of the 3D X-Ray Reconstruction Sequence (0018,9x30) in the 3D X-Ray Reconstruction Module, the values of the Acquisition Context Index (0020,9x18) attribute specify the items in the 3D X- Ray Acquisition Context Sequence (0018,9x07) that contribute to the reconstruction Note: For example, a SOP Instance consists of two volumes in two sets of frames. The first volume is calculated from an acquisition without contrast and a second volume is calculated from the acquisitions with and without contrast. In this case the 3D X-Ray Acquisition Context Sequence (0018,9x07) contains two items. The first Item describes the acquisition details of the frames that are acquired without contrast. The second Item describes the acquisition details of the frames that are acquired with contrast. For the frames of the second volume both acquisition contexts contribute to the calculation. See Figures C.8.X.5-1 thru C.8.X.5-5 2D Projection SOP Instance A Mask Acquisition Contrast Acquisition M M2 C1... C2 Acq Context 1 - frames M1 to M2 - Rotation of 180 deg - w ithout contrast media Acq Context 2 - frames C1 to C2 - Rotation of 180 deg - w ith contrast media 3D X-Ray Image SOP Instance No SUB mask SUB 1... N N+1... N+k 352 Reconstruction 1 From Acq Context 1 Reconstruction 2 From Acq Contexts 1 and 2 Figure C.8.X.5-1 Example of usage Acquisition Context 354

26 Page 26 Contributing Sources Sequence (0018,9x06) item 1 >Contributing SOP Instances Reference Sequence (0020,9x29) Item 1 >>Study Instance UID (0020,000D) >>Referenced Series Sequence (0008,1115) Item 1 >>>Series Instance UID (0020,000E) >>>Series Number (0020,0011) >>>Referenced Instance Sequence (0008,114A) Item 1 >>>>Referenced SOP Class UID (0008,1150) >>>>Referenced SOP Instance UID (0008,1155) >>>>Instance Number (0020,0013) > (other attributes) SOP instance A 356 Figure C.8.X.5-2 Example of contents of Contributing SOP Instance Sequence 358 3D X-Ray Acquisition Context Sequence (0018,9x07) item 1 Acquisition Context 1 >Source Image Sequence (0008,2112) Item 1 >>Referenced SOP Class UID (0008,1150) >>Referenced SOP Instance UID (0008,1155) SOP instance A >>Referenced Frame Number (0008,1160) = frames M1 to M2 > (other attributes: angles, etc ) item 2 Acquisition Context 2 >Source Image Sequence (0008,2112) Item 1 >>Referenced SOP Class UID (0008,1150) >>Referenced SOP Instance UID (0008,1155) SOP instance A >>Referenced Frame Number (0008,1160) = frames C1 to C2 > (other attributes: angles, etc ) Figure C.8.X.5-3 Example of contents of 3D X-Ray Acquisition Context Sequence 360 3D X-Ray Reconstruction Sequence (0018,9x30) item 1 Reconstruction 1 >Acquisition Context Index (0020,9x18) = 1 > (other attributes) item 2 Reconstruction 2 >Acquisition Context Index (0020,9x18) = 1\2 > (other attributes)

27 Page Figure C.8.X.5-4 Example of contents of 3D X-Ray Reconstruction Sequence 364 Per-Frame Functional Groups Sequence (5200,9230) Item 1 Frame 1 >3D X-Ray Frame Type Sequence (0018,9x04) Item 1 >>3D Reconstruction Index (0020,9x36) = 1.. Item N Frame N >3D X-Ray Frame Type Sequence (0018,9x04) Item 1 >>3D Reconstruction Index (0020,9x36) = 1 Item N+1 Frame N+1 >3D X-Ray Frame Type Sequence (0018,9x04) Item 1 >>3D Reconstruction Index (0020,9x36) = 2.. Item N+k Frame N+k >3D X-Ray Frame Type Sequence (0018,9x04) Item 1 >>3D Reconstruction Index (0020,9x36) = 2 Frames of Reconstruction 1 Frames of Reconstruction 2 Figure C.8.X.5-5 Example of contents of 3D X-Ray Frame Type Sequences C.8.X.5.1 3D X-Ray General Acquisition Context Macros This section describes the 3D X-Ray General Acquisition Context Macros. These macros specify the attributes of the acquisition context common for the family of 3D X-ray image SOP Classes. C.8.X D X-Ray General Shared Acquisition Context Macro Table C.8.X5.1 describes the 3D X-Ray General Shared Acquisition Context Macro that specifies the attributes that are applicable for all the projection images belonging to this application context.

28 Page Table C.8.X5-1 3D X-RAY GENERAL SHARED ACQUISITON CONTEXT MACRO Attribute Name Tag Type Attribute Description Source Image Sequence (0008,2112) 1C A Sequence that identifies the set of Images that constitute this acquisition context.. Required if the reconstruction is created from DICOM SOP Instances. Note: The attribute is absent in the case where the images used to create the volume are not available as SOP Instances, e.g., the volume was directly generated by acquisition system. One or more Items may be included in this Sequence. >Include Image SOP Instance Reference Macro Table 10-3 Field of View Shape (0018,1147) 3 Shape of the Field of Viewin the referenced images. Enumerated Values: RECTANGLE ROUND HEXAGONAL Field of View Dimension(s) in Float (0018,9461) 3 Dimensions in mm of the Field of View in the referenced images. If Field of View Shape (0018,1147) is: RECTANGLE: row dimension followed by column. ROUND: diameter. HEXAGONAL: diameter of the circle circumscribing the hexagon. Field of View Origin (0018,7030) 1C Offset of the TLHC of a rectangle circumscribing the Field of View in the referenced images, before rotation or flipping, from the TLHC of the physical detector area measured in physical detector pixels as a row offset followed by a column offset. See C for further explanation. Required if X-Ray Receptor Type (0018,9420) is present and equals DIGITAL_DETECTOR. Field of View Rotation (0018,7032) 3 Clockwise rotation in degrees of Field of View in the referenced images, relative to the physical detector. Enumerated Values: 0, 90, 180, 270 See C for further explanation.

29 Page 29 Field of View Horizontal Flip (0018,7034) 3 Whether or not a horizontal flip has been applied to the Field of View in the referenced images, after rotation relative to the physical detector as described in Field of View Rotation (0018,7032). Enumerated Values: NO YES See C for further explanation. Grid (0018,1166) 3 Identifies the grid. May be multi-valued. Defined Terms are: FIXED FOCUSED RECIPROCATING PARALLEL CROSSED NONE X-Ray Receptor Type (0018,9420) 3 Identifies the type of X-ray receptor used. Enumerated Values: IMG_INTENSIFIER DIGITAL_DETECTOR KVP (0018,0060) 3 Average of the peak kilo voltage outputs of the X-Ray generator used for all frames. X-Ray Tube Current in ma (0018,9330) 3 Average of the nominal X-ray tube currents in milliamperes for all frames. Exposure Time in ms (0018,9328) 3 Duration of X-Ray exposure in milliseconds. See C Exposure in mas (0018,9332) 3 The exposure expressed in milliampereseconds, for example calculated from Exposure Time and X-ray Tube Current. Contrast/Bolus Agent (0018,0010) 3 Contrast or bolus agent Contrast/Bolus Agent Sequence (0018,0012) 3 Sequence that identifies the contrast agent. One or more Items may be present. >Include Code Sequence Macro Table Baseline Context ID is 12. Start Contributing Acquisition Datetime End Contributing Acquisition Datetime (0018,9x16) 3 Start date and time of that part of an acquisition used for this frame set. (0018,9x17) 3 End date and time of that part of an acquisition used for this frame set C.8.X D X-Ray General Per Projection Acquisition Context Macro Table C.8.X5.2 describes the 3D X-Ray General Per Projection Acquisition Context Macro that specifies the attributes that are applicable for a single projection belonging to this application context.

30 Page Table C.8.X5-2 3D X-RAY GENERAL PER PROJECTION ACQUISITION CONTEXT MACRO Attribute Name Tag Type Attribute Description KVP (0018,0060) 3 Exact peak kilo voltage output of the X- Ray generator used for this projection. X-Ray Tube Current in ma (0018,9330) 3 Exact Nominal X-ray tube current in milliamperes applied during the Acquisition Duration (0018,9220) for this projection. Frame Acquisition Duration (0018,9220) 3 The actual amount of time [in milliseconds] that was used to acquire data for this projection. See C and C for further explanation. Collimator Shape (0018,1700) 3 Shape(s) of the collimator. Enumerated Values: RECTANGULAR CIRCULAR POLYGONAL This multi-valued Attribute shall contain at most one of each Enumerated Value. Collimator Left Vertical Edge (0018,1702) 1C Required if Collimator Shape (0018,1700) is RECTANGULAR. Location of the left edge of the rectangular collimator with respect to pixels in the image given as column. See C Collimator Right Vertical Edge (0018,1704) 1C Required if Collimator Shape (0018,1700) is RECTANGULAR. Location of the right edge of the rectangular collimator with respect to pixels in the image given as column. See C Collimator Upper Horizontal Edge (0018,1706) 1C Required if Collimator Shape (0018,1700) is RECTANGULAR. Location of the upper edge of the rectangular collimator with respect to pixels in the image given as row. See C Collimator Lower Horizontal Edge (0018,1708) 1C Required if Collimator Shape (0018,1700) is RECTANGULAR. Location of the lower edge of the rectangular collimator with respect to pixels in the image given as row. See C Center of Circular Collimator (0018,1710) 1C Required if Collimator Shape (0018,1700) is CIRCULAR. Location of the center of the circular collimator with respect to pixels in the image given as row and column. See C

31 Page 31 Radius of Circular Collimator (0018,1712) 1C Required if Collimator Shape (0018,1700) is CIRCULAR. Radius of the circular collimator with respect to pixels in the image given as a number of pixels along the row direction. See C Vertices of the Polygonal Collimator (0018,1720) 1C Required if Collimator Shape (0018,1700) is POLYGONAL. Multiple Values where the first set of two values are: row of the origin vertex; column of the origin vertex. Two or more pairs of values follow and are the row and column coordinates of the other vertices of the polygon collimator. Polygon collimators are implicitly closed from the last vertex to the origin vertex and all edges shall be non-intersecting except at the vertices C.8.X.5.2 3D X-Ray Angiographic Acquisition Context Module This section describes the 3D X-Ray Angiographic Acquisition Context Module. Table C.8.X5-3 3D X-RAY ANGIOGRAPHIC ACQUISITION CONTEXT MODULE ATTRIBUTES Attribute Name Tag Type Attribute Description 3D X-Ray Acquisition Context Sequence >Include 3D X-Ray General Acquisition Shared Context Macro Table C.8.X5-1 >Include Digital X-Ray Detector Macro Table C.8-71b (0018,9x07) 1 Each item represents an acquisition context related to one or more reconstructions. The values of the Acquisition Context Index (0020,9x18) attribute may be used as index in this sequence. One or more Items may be present. >Distance Source to Detector (0018,1110) 3 Distance from source to receptor plane perpendicular to the receptor plane in mm or distance in mm from source to detector center on the chest wall line See C Note: This value is traditionally referred to as Source Image Receptor Distance (SID). >Distance Source to Isocenter (0018,9402) 3 Distance from source to isocenter in mm. >Focal Spot (0018,1190) 3 Nominal focal spot size in mm used to acquire this image.

32 Page 32 >Filter Type (0018,1160) 3 Type of filter(s) inserted into the X-Ray beam (e.g. wedges). Defined Terms: STRIP WEDGE BUTTERFLY MULTIPLE NONE >Filter Material (0018,7050) 3 The X-Ray absorbing material used in the filter. May be multi-valued. Defined Terms: MOLYBDENUM ALUMINUM COPPER RHODIUM NIOBIUM EUROPIUM LEAD >Filter Thickness Minimum (0018,7052) 3 The minimum thickness in mm of the X- Ray absorbing material used in the filters. May be multi-valued, with values corresponding to the respective values in Filter Material (0018,7050). >Filter Thickness Maximum (0018,7054) 3 The maximum thickness in mm of the X- Ray absorbing material used in the filters. May be multi-valued, with values corresponding to the respective values in Filter Material (0018,7050). >Primary Positioner Scan Arc (0018,9x08) 3 Total amount of rotation of the primary positioner in degrees. >Primary Positioner Scan Start Angle (0018,9x10) 3 Start position of the primary positioner in degrees. See C >Primary Positioner Increment (0018,9x14) 3 Nominal increment of the primary positioner angle in degrees. Positive values indicate moving from RAO to LAO position through the anterior. See C >Secondary Positioner Scan Arc (0018,9x09) 3 Total amount of rotation of the secondary positioner in degrees. >Secondary Positioner Scan Start Angle (0018,9x11) 3 Start position of the secondary positioner in degrees. See C >Secondary Positioner Increment (0018,9x15) 3 Nominal increment of the secondary positioner angle in degrees. Positive value indicate moving from CAU to CRA through the anterior. See C >Per Projection Acquisition Context Sequence (0018,9x38) 3 Sequence containing detailed acquisition context of each individual projection used in this acquisition context. Zero or more items may be present.

33 Page >>Include 3D X-Ray General Acquisition Per Projection Context Macro Table C.8.X5-2 >>Positioner Isocenter Primary Angle >>Positioner Isocenter Secondary Angle >>Positioner Isocenter Detector Rotation Angle C.8.X.5.3 (0018,9463) 3 Position of the X-Ray center beam for this projection in the isocenter reference system in the X direction (deg). See C for further explanation. (0018,9464) 3 Position of the X-Ray center beam for this projection in the isocenter reference system in the Z direction (deg). See C for further explanation. (0018,9465) 3 Rotation of the X-Ray detector plane for this projection (deg). See C for further explanation. 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Acquisition Context Module This section describes the 3D X-Ray Craniofacial Acquisition Context Module. Table C.8.X5-4 3D X-RAY CRANIOFACIAL ACQUISITION CONTEXT MODULE ATTRIBUTES Attribute Name Tag Type Attribute Description 3D X-Ray Acquisition Context Sequence >Include 3D X-Ray General Acquisition Shared Context Macro Table C.8.X5-1 >Include Digital X-Ray Detector Macro Table C.8-71b >Per Projection Acquisition Context Sequence >>Include 3D X-Ray General Acquisition Per Projection Context Macro Table C.8.X5-2 (0018,9x07) 1 Each item represents a acquisition context related to a set of frames of SOP Instance defined by this IOD, The values of the Acquisition Context Index (0020,9x18) attribute may be used as index in this sequence. One or more Items may be present. (0018,9x38) 3 Sequence containing detailed acquisition context of each individual projection used in this acquisition context. Zero or more items may be present.

34 Page C.8.X.6 3D X-Ray Reconstruction Module This section describes the 3D X-Ray Reconstruction Module. Table C.8.X6-1 contains IOD Attributes that describe the reconstructions used to create this SOP Instance. A single SOP Instance may contain the result of one or more reconstructions (e.g., a set of volumes). Each item in the 3D X-Ray Reconstruction Sequence specifies the characteristics of such a result. Table C.8.X6-1 3D X-RAY RECONSTRUCTION MODULE ATTRIBUTES Attribute Name Tag Type Attribute Description 3D X-Ray Reconstruction Sequence (0018,9x30) 1 A sequence of Items each describing the characteristics of one 3D reconstruction included in this SOP instance. One or more items may be present. >Reconstruction Description (0018,9x31) 3 Free text description of the purpose of the reconstruction, e.g., mask volume. >Application Name (0018,9x24) 1 Name of the application that created the reconstruction. >Application Version (0018,9x25) 1 Version of the application that created the reconstruction. >Application Manufacturer (0018,9x26) 1 Name of the manufacturer of the application that created the reconstruction. >Algorithm Type (0018,9x27) 1 Type of algorithm used to create the reconstruction. Defined Terms: FILTER_BACK_PROJ ITERATIVE >Algorithm Description (0018,9x28) 3 Description of the algorithm used to create the reconstruction. >Acquisition Context Index (0020,9x18) 1 The Item number(s) of the 3D X-Ray Acquisition Context Sequence (0018,9x07) that describes the acquisition context(s) contributing to this frame. 400 C.8.X.7 3D X-Ray Image Functional Group Macros The following sections contain Functional Group macros specific to the 3D X-Ray IOD Note: The attribute descriptions in the Functional Group Macros are written as if they were applicable to a single frame (i.e., the macro is part of the Per-frame Functional Groups Sequence). If an attribute is applicable to all frames (i.e. the macro is part of the Shared Functional Groups Sequence) the phrase this frame in the attribute description shall be interpreted to mean for all frames..