Transcription

1 ,,

2

3 ,,..,. - - : " ", -,. -,.. - -, " ", -..,,.,,.,,,..,,., ',,,.,. 5

4 ,,.,.,, -,,,,,,,,,,.,,. ( )., :, ; ; ;, -.,,,,,,,., 6

5 ,,..,.,,,, -.,,. 7

6 1.,, , 1.1..,, -, - -,,,, - -..,,, -,,, 8

7 ,,,. «projectum», «pro» «jacere». (project).. : - -,, ; - ( ), / ( ) ( ); -, ( ); -,,, ( - ); - ( ), ( ).,.,, - :., 9

8 -,,, : 1. ; 2. ; 3. ; 4. ; 5. ; 6. ; 7..,, (.1.1),,..1.1.,,,. 10

9 (plan),,. (programme) ' (,, ),, '. - ',,. ( ), ( ). : 1. -, ;,,, 2., ' - ;, -, 3..,,. (multiproject macroproject)., '.,,,,, 11

10 '.. (portfolio projects) -,, '. ', ',,...,,, -,. ' -,. ',.,.,, (. 1.2).,,., (, ),,, '.,,. 12

11 .1.2.,,,.,..,.,.,,,,,,.,

12 1.1,,, ' - ; 14, ',,., : 1. ; 2. ; 3. ; 4. ; 5. ; 6.,. -,, : 1., ( ); 2..

13 ,,, - -,, ',,, (. 1.3),

14 ,,,..,,,. :,. (, ),.,,..,,.,..,,,,, ( ),.,,. 16

15 -,, ( ),.,,,., (PMI) OPM3 (Organization Project Management Maturity Mode) -., ( OPM3) : 1. (PM3 = Project Management Maturity Model); 2. (P2M3 = Programme and Project Management Maturity Model); 3., (P3M3 = Portfolio, Programme and Project Management Maturity Model).,,, ( ),,.,,. 17

16 XX (. 1.3) 1.3 /,, Luther Gulik. "Notes on the Theory of Organization." In Luther Gulik and L. Urivick, eds., Papers on the Science of Administration. New York: Columbia University Press, (Du Pont de Nemours Co.) 1957 Remington ( ) Rand, UNIVAC Kelly Walker " " (US Navy) PERT 1959 NASA (National Aeronautics and, Space Administration) Gaddis Harvard Business Review PERT CPM. Apollo Space Project USAF (United States Air Force) NASA, Earned Value 18

17 /,, Lawrence P., Lorsch, J. Galbraith J.., ' GERT, (INTERNET) 1969 (PMI) (., - ). " " -,, (AIPM) - (ENAA) PMI ( Project Management Professionals) (PMP) 80- Peter Levine - ( ) 19

18 /,, ' ', 1987, PMI " " (Project Management Body of Knowledge),,. " ". PMI PMBOK , IPMA, GPM ( ) INTERNET (, IPMA), - -,., :,,, - 20

19 /,, 1 2 3,, Microsoft Project ' (ISO ) (, PMI, AIPM) 1991 " "/Ukrainian.. Project Management Association "UPMA" IP A PMI Y2K ', PMBOK 2002 J. Kent Crawford "Project Management Maturity Model" - :, PMBOK ( ), ( ). 21

20 , 1.3,, " ", Univac, '. " ". - " ".. -, - ( CPM - Critical Path Method). - PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique). " " ", " " ", ,...,.,, '.,,. 22

21 ', '., -,..,.,,,. S,,., :,,,.,,,.,..,,,,,,.,., 23

22 ,.,, -,,., '. 1.3.,, (.1.4): ( ), ;, ;,,, - ; (, ),,,, ; ( ),,,, T,.,,,,.,, -, ; ( ) - ( 3 ), ( 3 5 ), ( 5 ); : (, 24

23 ),,,..,,,,,,, ; ( ),.,,,., -.,,. :,,,,

24 ,..,, : 1),,, ',, ; 2) ; 3) ; 4),..,,, : 1.,, ; 2., ; ; 3. ; 4.,.,,.., ',,, : 26

25 1. - ; 2. ; 3. ; 4.,, ;... '.,, : 1) (, ); 2) ; 3).... ', -,,, (,,,, ). ' : 1) ( ); 2) ; 3) ; 4) ; 5) ; 6) ; 7) 27

26 - ; 8) ; 9).,, -..., - : 1), ; 2), ; 3) ; 4) ' ( ). IT (Information Technology) -.. IT - ( ).,,. -,., -,. 28

27 .,. ',,,, -,,,,,., ( - ), -. -,.. ',.,, , (LifeLongLearning). : 1) ; 2) ; 3),.,.. 29

28 1.4 ',, (,,, ) (,, LifeLongLearning ( ), ) ' INTRANET INTERNET (, -,, ) - ( " ").,, ( ( " " "). "). - (, ),. nternet.,, : 1) ; 2) ' ; 3) LLL; 4) INTERNET; 5) 30

29 ; 6) ; 7).. -,. (Project Environment), ,,, (. 1.5)..1.5.,,,. ;,,, -,. 31

30 ,. :,,..,,,,., :.,,, ,,..,,., : 1., 2., 32

31 3., 4...,.,..,,,.,, ( ) '.., " ", " ",, " ".,,,,,,... -,... ( ), ( ). 33

32 , : 1. ; 2. ; 3. ; 4...,,.. '..,,.,.,,,...,,.,,. '., 34

33 ,,.,.,., (. 1.7)

34 ,, PMBoK,,,,.,,,,.,,.,,. ', ( )., (. 1.8)., '. 36

35 . 1.8.,..1.9 ' (. 1.10). - 37

36 ,,,. ' : 1) ; 2) ', (. 1.11): 1. - ; 2. - ; 3. - ; 4. -,,, ; 38

37 ' '.,.,, (. 1.12) ,,. (" ") (kill point) (. 1.13). 39

38 ,,,,, ', " " :. : 1., ; 2.,.,,.,,. :, 40

39 -.,, (. 1.14) (process reengineering) -, -., (., ). " ".,, 30%., : ; 41

40 ; ; ;., IT- -. IT-,, (Project Management Knowledge Area) -, :,,,,. PMI PMBOK 9 ( ) : 1. ( ) (Project Integration Management); 2. ( ) (Project Scope Management); 3. (, ) (Project Quality Management); 4. ( ) (Project Time Management); 5. ( ) (Project Cost Management). 6. (,, ) (Project Human Resource Management); 7. ( ) (Project Communication Management); 42

41 8. ( ) ( ) (Project Procurement Management); 9. ( ) (Project Risk Management)..,,,, (.1.15) " " ' 9, 5. 44, '. 43

42 . " " (Project Human Resource Management) : - (Human Resources Planning), (Planning Process Group); - (Acquire Project Team), (Executing Process Group) ; - (Develop Project Team), (Executing Process Group); - Manage Project Team (Monitoring and Control Process Group),. ',,,,. ',., " ",,,. " " ',, ' (.1.16). " ",.,,. " ",. 44

43 ,,,,. ( ) -., INTERNET- : 1),, ; 2) 45

44 (,,,, ); 3) (,,, ); 3) ( ) ( ); 4) ( ). 1.7.,,,,.,,,.,,,, (.1.17).,.,,,..,,. (.-. ),,. 46

45 , ,,,,,.. :. (,. beneticium - ),,. 47

46 ( ),... (force field analysis),. ;.,,.,,. -,,,,.,..,,.,. - (,, 48

47 ),,.,.,,. -,,.,.,,. : 1..,. 2.., ,. (, )..,.,,.,.,.., 49

48 .,.,, 30%..,., ( )., '. -, (, ).. : 1.? 2.,? :,,, (productive and capacity (., ) building):, (productive) (,, ),, (,, )., (capacity building),, (,, ). 50

49 , ',. (,, ).,,,,. 51

50 ,., ,,,. C (stakeholders) - ISO IPMA (ICB)..,,,,,,.,,,,,., : 52

51 ,,,,,,, ;, (?); (?); (?); (?);? (,, ).,,,. PMBOK ( ) (.1.17): ( ) (Project Manager),. ( ) (Project Sponsor),. (Project Customer) ( ),. (User),. (Stakeholders). (Performing organization),. (Project team members),. (Influencers),, 53

52 ,,. (Project Management Office),., :,.,...,,..., /,,,. 54

53 ( ),.,. ( ).,.,,,.., :,,, ;, ; ;, ; ;,,,.. ( ).,.,,., -.,.,,,,.. 55

54 ,,..,,,..,,, (,,,,, ,, ( ) 56

55 ,,,, : ( ); ; ; ( )..,.,.., ; /,. : Scrum, T- Agile Software Development. " (Pig)",, (Product Owner, ScrumMaster Project Team), " (Chicken) -, ,. 57

56 -,,,,,. - ( ) -,.,. :,., -. 20, - : 1. ; 2. ; 3. ; 4. ; 5. ; 6. ; ,, " " " ".,,, 58

57 ,,,. -. : 1. ; 2. ; 3. ; 4.. -,.,,,,,. : -,. (" ") -.,. : 1) ; 2), ; 3) ; 4),,,. -, ', '. -.,. 59

58 ,. ' '., '., ',,, '.,, ',,.,,, '.,,,. " ".,, ,.,., 60

59 ,., -, -..,,, : '.,. : 1.,, ; 2. ; 61

60 3. ; 4., ; 5.,.,, - ',, ',..,,., :,, : P ( P 1 ), 2 P -, -. (. 1.6).,, ; -,, 62

61 , - ; ' , : 1. ( 4 ); 2. ( 5 9 ); 3. ( 10 ).,,., -, (3 4 ),,. 7 8,. 8, 63

62 , 2-4., 11, , 1 3 ) 3 ( 4 )... : 1. ; 2. ; 3.., (. 1.19): 1. ; 2. ; 3., -. 64

63 TORI : 1. T (Trust) - :. 2. O (Openness) - :,. 3. R (Realization) - :,,,. 4. I (Interdependence) - :,.,, : (The Traditional Model)., '. (The Team Spirit Model).,.,, -,,. (The Cutting Edge Model).,., 65

64 .,. (Task Force Model).,. ( ), TQM. Cyber (The Cyber Team).,,..,,,, '. -.,., : 1., ( - - ); 2., ( " ") ; 3., ' ( ) ; 4. ( ) (, ); 5., ( ).,,. :,,,, ( ), 66

65 INTERNET-,.. E-xecutive (, ): ". ' '. 2.,. 3. E-xecutive. 4.,,,,,,. 5. ( / ). 6.,. 7.,, -, ,. 9.,. 10.,. ' : -. " ". -,,. -,,

66 -,,, ( ) 3.1. :,,,,,,,,. - ; ' ; ; ;, ; ; ;. ',.,,., 68

67 .,,.,.,..,., ( ) : ) ; ) ; ), ; ) ; ) ( ); ) ; ) ( + ). " " ( ), "+" ( ). : ) ; ) ; ) ( ); ) ; ) ; ) ; ) ; ) ; ) ; ) ; ) ; ) ( - ); ) ( + ); ) ( + ); ) : ( ) ( ). 69

68 : ) (,.); ) ; ) ; ) ; ) ; ) : ( + + ) ( ). ' ( ) : ) ( ); ) ( ); ) ( ); ) ( " " ); ) ; ) ( - ); ) ( - - ); ) ; ) ( - ).. ',,. : ;, ; ; ; ; ; ; ;.,,, '.,,, 70

69 ,,,,,. : ; -,, ;,,,,,, ' ;,, (, );. : ( );, ; ; ',.,... '. 71

70 .,., (, ). ( ),,.,.,,, '.,,,,. 3.2.,. : 1. : 72

71 ,. as P i i Ri, Ci, -, i- : P i -, C i - /, S i -, a -, (., '. 2. : Pt Pc PR i i i Ri, Ci, -, i- : t i - -, c i -, PR i -, C i - /... ( )

72 ., ( 1 ). :, : m n ( P t 0 t ), t-, P t,, t, t-, m. «-» ( - ). ( ) = - t (Return on investment, ROI).,. P I t ROI,, P t t, I t t. (Payback period)., ( ) t 74

73 . : PP PP, I, PP=min n, P k IC, n P k k 1 P k, k (k=1,2,...n) (. discount) -,. - ( )., -,,.,,., ( ),., - (. 1.20)., n k 1 75

74 (, NPV Net Present Value) NPV n Pk (1 r k k 1 ) IC, I, P k, k (k=1,2,...n), r. NPV > 0 ; NPV = 0 ; NPV < 0., m, NPV : NPV P IC n m k j k J k 1 (1 r) j 1 (1 i) i -., 76

75 , NPV. NPV,,. NPV,.. (PI Profitability Index). n Pk PI : IC. k (1 r ) k 1 PI :, PI < 1;, PI > 1; PI = 1,,. PI,., PI. :, -,,. PI, NPV.. 2 NPV,,,. (IRR Internal Rate of Return). 77

76 IRR, NPV. IRR = r, NPV = f(r) = 0, IC=CF 0, IRR n CF k 0 k 0 (1 IRR ) k : -, (IRR) (CC - Cost Capital). IRR < CC,, IRR > CC,., IRR.,,,. (DPP Discounted Payback Period). PP,.., NPV=0. n 1 DPP=min n, Pk IC k (1 r, k 1 ) DPP, PP, : ), ; ),. 78

77 ,,., ( ); (,, - ); ;, ', ;,, ,,, ( ), - /.,,. - : ; (, );. -,, : 79

78 -,,, ;, - ;, - ',., - ;, ( );. - -,,. -, ; ; ;. - : 1. : ; ; ; ; ;. 2. : ; ; 3. : ( ); ; 80

79 ;. 4. : ; ; ;. 5. : ; ; ; ;. 6. : ; ; ;, ; ( ),.,,, ', -. 81

80 ,,,,. - :.,,,,. : ;, ; - ; ; ;.., : ; ; ; ;....,. 82

81 -., ,,,.,,, ( ). " " :

82 ... -,,, '. ', " " «'»,,., ',,, [ ]., -,,.,.,,,. (. organisation,. organizo -, ) - : 1),, -, ; 2), ' ; 3) ',. 84

83 ,. -, ',,.,,. -,.,,,., ,,.,.,...., 85

84 ... 1,5-2,...,, (,,,,, ). 4.2., :,., (. 1.21).,,,, -,.,. 86

85 N ,.,,.. ' " ". ',.,. ; ' ' " ",. 87

86 (. 1.22).,, ',,., ,,.,,,. :. 88

87 ,..,,..,.,,.,., " ". ',.. ( ). -,,.,,,, ( )., 89

88 -., (, ). - ( ),,,.., -,. (. 1.23) ', N

89 . ',,.,,.,, -,.. -,,,,,,,. - ( ),... " ", " " : 91

90 100%., ',. -.,. (PMO-Project Management Office).,,,,,,.,. -,. :., (, ),. :, ' ;, ; 92

91 ,,,. ',,,.,,,.,,,. ',.,,,..,...,.,,., ( 93

92 , ),. -.,.,.. -, '.. : 1) - ; 2) -,, ,, -.., 94

93 .,,.. : 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., 7., 8..,,,.,,,,.,...,. :, ; ;, : 95

94 ,,.,,..,,., -,.,,.., " ' ",,,,.,,,.,.., «-».,,,,. 96

95 .,,.,,., Chaparral Steel,,, " -, ",, ",, "., : 1) ; 2) ; 3). " ",.,,. -, '. Chaparral Steel 40-50, 1-2 " ", 3-5 -,.,.,. Chaparral Steel, 2,9., Gerdau 4,22.,,,, Gerdau., -. -, -,. 97

96 1: ? 3. 4.? 5.? ? 9.? 10.? 11.? 12.? 13.? 14.? 15.? 16.? ? ( )? 20.? 21. '? 22.? 98

97 23.? 24.? 1 1.? a. ; c. ; b. ; d.. 2.? a. ; b. ; c. ; d.. 5. : a.,, ; b. ; c. ; d.,,, ; e.. 99

98 6. - : a.,, ; b. ' - - ; c.. 7. : a.,, ( ), ; b. ' - - ; c.. 8. : a. ; b. ; c. PERT. 9. : a. ', ',, ; 100

99 b. -, -, ; c.,,. 10. : a., ',, ; b. ' ; c., : a. ', -,,, ; b., - ; c., ',,. 12. : a., - ; 101

100 b., ',, ; c.,,. 13. : a.,, ; b.,, ; c., ',,. 14. : a.,, ; b., ',, ; c.,,. 15. : 102

101 a.,, ; b.,, ; c., ',,. 16. : a.,, ; b.,, ; c., ',,. 17. : a., ; b.,, ( ), ; c. '

102 18. : a.,,,,, ; b.,,, ; c.,,, ; d. -,,,. 19. : a. ; b. ; c. ; d : a. ' ; b. ; c. ; d : a. ; b. ; d. ; e : 104

103 a. ; b. ; c., ; d : a. ; b. ; c. ; d.. 23., : a. ; b. ; c. ; d : a. ', ( ); b., ; c : 105

104 a. ; b. ; c : a. ; b. ; c : a. ; b. ; c : a. ; b. ; c.,,. 29. : 106

105 a.,, ; b. ; d : a. ; b.,, ; c : a. ; b. ; c. ; d : a. ; b. ; 107

106 c. ; d : a. ; b. ; c : a. ; b. ; c. ; d. ; e : a. ; b. ; c. ; d : a. ; b. ; c. ; 108

107 d.,, ; e.,. 37. : a. ; b. ; c. ; d. ; e : a. ; b. ; c. ; d : a.,,, ; b. ; c.,,,, ; d.,, ', : 109

108 a.,,,, ; b.,,,, ; c.,,,, ; d.,,,, ; 41. : a.,, ; b. ; c.,. 42. : a. ; b.,, ; c.,. 43. : a., ; b. ; c.,,. 110

109 44., : a. ; b. ; c. ; d : a. ; b. ; c. ; d : a. ; b. ; c. ; d. ; e. ; f.. 47., : a. ; b. ; c. ; d. ; 111

110 e.. 48.,,, : a. ; b. ; c. ; d ( ) (Project Manager) : a., ; b., ; c. ( ), ; d.,. 50. : a. ; b., ; c.,. 51. (Project Customer) : 112

111 a. ( ), ; b., ; c.,. 52. (User) : a., ; b. ( ), ; c.,. 53. (Performing organization) : a., ; b., ; c : a.,,, ; b. ; c., ; 113

112 d.,. 55. : a. ; b. ; c. ; d : a. - ; b. ; c. - ; d : a. 2 ; b. 4 ; c. 5 9 ; d : a. ; b. ; c. ; d.. 114

113 59. : a. ; b. ; c. ; d : a., ; b : a. ; b.,. 62.,,, ' : a. ; b. ; c. ; d.. 115

114 63. : a. ; b.,. 64. : a., (, ) ; b. ; c.,. 65.,,, ( ), - / : a. - ; b. ; c. ; d. ; e : a., ; b. ; c., ; 116

115 d.,. 67. : a., ; b : a. ; b.,. 69. : a., ; b. ' " ". ', ; c. ',. 70. : a. ' " ". ', ; 117

116 b. ', ; c.,. 71. : a. ', ; b. ' " ". ', ; c.,. 72. : a. ; b. ; c.,, ; d.. 118

117 1 1 " " (Progetto Venezia).., (. 1.24) c ,. :.,, ,,,, 119

118 ., 2050,., '., 10. ' (. 1.25) ' Progetto Venezia ( ) -,. Consorzio Venezia Nuova ( )., 79 ' Chioggia, Malamocco Lido.,,,., Emmepi,,. 2012,,. 120

119 2. " "..,. 6.., 6 2.,,...,. -,.,.,.,.,., , ',.. 121

120 -. -,..,. -. -,.,. '. ' -. ' '.. ' 10. ' : ; ; ; ;, :,,. 122

121 3 NPV (..): - 300, 60, 100, 100, 75 : ) 12%; ), : 16%, 17%, 18%, 18% A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge, Third Edition (PMBOK Guides).- Project Management Institute, ANSI PMI PMBOK Guide 3 rd Edition, D.C. Ferns. Developments in programme management. International Journal of Project Management Vol. 9, No. 3, August Glossary of Project Management Terms Association for project management 6. International Journal of Project Management Nozdrina L., Polotaj O. Internet-projects as basic instruments for knowledge management in economy Proceeding of the Second International Conference "New infornation Technologies in Education for All: State of the Art and Prospects".-.: IRTC, P OPM PM History Project Management Institute(PMI) Project Management Wizdom Russell D. Archibald Managing High-Technology Programs and Projects, 3rd Edition. - New York: John Wiley & Sons, p. 123

122 13. Semolic B., Steyn P. Project Excellence as part of Organizational Maturity// News Letter IPMA, June Volume 2, Issue The Standard for Portfolio Management.- PMI Global Standart, p. 15. We're All About The Training What is Knowledge Area? ,, ,..,......:, C..,.. // : : IV - : - :, : /..,.. (National Competence Baseline, NCB UA Version 3.0).:, ,.. : /.-., :, B..,.. // : : IV - : - :, XXI.- Williams,

123 27.. : : :..., ,... : «-», /98- / ( ), 1998, ,.. : /..: " ", :, : -, ,..,.. - // : : III - : - :, ,... " "

124 39... : « PMI - e- xecutive.ru ,..,.. : / : -, «Consortium for the Enhancement of Ukrainian Management Education» (CEUME) ( (USAID), ) ( ) // : : IV - : - :, // : ",.2., ,.. Internet- //.. «:», : -, ,.. //CD-ROM: ISBN «-» (INCEL-08).-NTU:"KhPI", C

125 , ' :.-.:..-. -, ,, TenStep ,..,..,. : 17- " ". 8.-,: -, // : : IV - : - :, :, ,....- : " ", 2003, ,..,.. :. :, , : " ", : - - /...-.:, SCRUM

126 :. :, c. 64. OPM : :,

127 2. -,,,.,,., , ,,,,.,,, : ;,,,,. 129

128 '.,, ',, (. 2.1) ,, : - (, ); - ; 130

129 ( ) -, ; ' - ' ; -,, ; (,, ) -,.,., ', ; -, ; -,., ; -,, ' ; - (,, ); - ;

130 .,,., -..,,., : -, ; -,, ; - ; -, ; -, ; -, ; - ; -, ; -. ',,. 132

131 ,, : 1. ; 2. ( ); 3., -,, ; 4.. :,. 5.2.,. ' (. 2.2),.,,,. (Constraints) ',,. - ', '.,,.. " " : -,. - :. 133

132 -,,. -.,. -, ',, (.. )., -.,,,.., 134

133 (Assumption) ( ),,,,,.. : 1) (,, ) ;2) ' ; 3), ; 4),. ',,.,,. 135

134 ,.,.,,,.,., ( ),.,,,.,. ( ),,. : %,. 0%,.,,. 2..,,... 1) ; 2) 12 -,,, 100%.. : 136

135 , -, ; -. (Project Management Plan),,. -,,.,., : (Scope Management Plan) -,,,,. (Schedule Plan) -,.. N, ( -. ) 1 ( ) " " 137,, (,.) ( USD) 0.05

136 N, ( -. ) 2 ( ) ( ) 4 (DSP) ( ) 5 DSP ( ) 6, ( ) 7, -600, -600 ( ) 8 ( ) 9 ( ) ( ),,,,, DSP, DSP ( 64 / ) -600,, ( ) (,.) ( USD)

137 N, ( -. ) 10 ' -600 ( ) 11, ( ) 12 ( ) 13 ( ) 14, ( ) 15,, -600, ( ), ' -600,,,,,,,, (,.) ( USD)

138 (Cost Management Plan) -,,. (Quality Management Plan) -,,,. (Staffing Management Plan) -,. (Communication Management Plan) -, :,,,. (Risk Management Plan) -,,. (Procurement Management Plan) -,,. (Milestone Plan) (Project Change Management Plan),. ( ) -. -,.. : 1. i i (, i i ( ), i i i ); 2. i i ; 140

139 3. i i -, i, i. ( 0),. ', : 1. ; 2. ; 3. (, ); 4. ; ,, ,,,.,. : 141

140 1., (,, ); 2.,, (,, ); 3. :, ( ). : 1. ; 2. ; 3. ; ,.. -,,, -. (,, ). 142

141 .,. ',. (updated).,, '... ;, ;., : 1. (,, ) ; 2. ( ) ; 3. ( ) ; 4. ; 5. ; 6. ; 7. - ; 8... (project baseline)., :,. 143

142 , < > <.,, > < -,, ' > <, > 144

143 <, > < (, ),, > < > / < >. < > <,, > < > 145

144 <,,, > / 1 < ( ) : : 146

145 , , : (,,. ). 3.,, ) ,. : 147

146 WBS (work brakedown structure) -, ; OBS (organizational brakedown structure) -, ; RBS (resource brakedown structure) - OBS,, ; BOM (bill of materials)-, ( ). PBS (project brake structure) - WBS,,.,..,. WBS ( ), ( ) (WBS) 148

147 WBS, (. 2.6) (WBS),,. (WBS)

148 WBS (WBS).,,.,. 150

149 6.2..,.,,. : 1. (CPM); 2. (PERT). -,. " ".,., -,.,,. ( ),.,,.,,,.,, 151

150 .,,.,.,,..,,, : = -,...,, " ", -.,, :,,. -,,..,, 152

151 PERT -,, ( ),.,,.. -,.,,. (Schedule),. : 1. ; 2. ; 3. ; 4. ; 5.., WBS. 153

152 ( ).,, :,,,. : 1. ; 2. (, ). 6.3., ,, -.. " " -., - : 1. ; 2. ; 3. ; 4. ; 5..,. 154

153 (Gantt Chart).,. ( ) (. 2.8), ( ) , ( ) (, ),., (. 2.9) Microsoft Project,,. 155

154 , ' '.,,.,,. :,,. ;,.. ( ),. :- " " " ".,,..,.., ( ), ( - ).,. (durat on) -., ',. (lead t me) (lag t me).,, '. 156

155 , (. 2.2.). 2.2 ' ' ' Finish to start (FS) A FS B =, ( ) FS ( ) Finish to finish (FF) A FF B =, ( ) FF ( ) Start to finish (SF) A SF B =, ( ) SF ( ) Start to start (SS) A SS B =, Hammock (H) H=A+B+C -,,,B, ( ) SS ( ) H=( )+ ( ) + ( ) ' SF H, , ',. " " (. 2.11),, (, ). 157

156 ' SF Microsoft Project, ' " ", : ' " "., " ". " ",, ' " ". " " " " " ", " ".,, ', : 158

157 . (Mandatory dependency, Hard logic).,,. (External dependency).,. (Discretionary dependency, Preferred logic).,,,. ',.,. " - " " - ' ". -.,. (. 2.12). - '., '..,,,.,. 159

158 t=2 B " - " B t=ab=2. A 1 t=2 B " - ' ". 2.13, 1 ( ),.,. PERT " - ' " (. 2.14). ( ). ' PERT- Microsoft Project , -, -., 160

159 .. :. -., '. ', (, ). ( : ",...".,,.. 161

160 -. 7.,, ,,. : - ; ; -. -, : 1. ; 2., ; 3. ; 4. ; 5. ; 162

161 6. ; 7. ; 8. ; 9.. : ( " ") -,,.,.,,., ( " "),,. -,,,,.,. : 1., ; 2.,.,,, ,. 163

162 , : 1) ; 2).,,, -,,,; ; ( ); ;..,,,., '.,., '. ( ),.,,,. -,.., ( )., (order of magnitude estimate), -25 % 164

163 + 75 %.. (budget estimates) -10 % +25 %., (project cost baseline) (definitive estimate), 5 % 10 %.,,,. : (top- down estimate).,.,,.,. - -,,. (bottom-up estimate)...,...,. (analogous). 165

164 .,.,,,.., ( ) " " - " "., " ", - " ".,,..,,, 30%,, 30%...,.,..,.,,,., ,,.. 166

165 . -,,,.,,,..,,.,,,. PERT c (,, ),,,.. WEB-,. :1) - 10 ; 2) ( ) - 3 ; 3) : 1 -, ( ), 2 -, 2 ( ), 3, 3 ( ); 3), 10. : C= A * T *R, T =D * E, C -, A-, T-, R -, D -, E -. : 1 (1 10 ) $10 = $100 : 3 (1 10 ) $300 = $300 ( ) 167

166 : 3 (1,5 10 ) $10 = $450 ( ) : 3 (2 10 ) $10 = $600 ( ),,, (, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75 )... : CH = (E+P)/Q WH +M,, CH -, E -, P -, Q WH -, M -.,,,,, -, ( 30-50% ) , (, ) % 7.2.,. -, 168

167 . (Budget),. ( ) -.,. : 1. ( ) ; 2. ( ) (cost baseline); 3. ( ) ; 4.. (cost baseline), : 1. ; 2.,.,,.; 3.,, -.. (" ").. 169

168 ,,. (contingency budget) (management reserve).,. -,,,,,.,,, - 6 :,, ; ;,,, ;,,, ;, -,,,, ; ( ),. : 1. :,, ;

169 '... ' -,. -, '.,., : 1. ; 2. ; 3. ; 4., - ; 5. ; 6. ; 7. ; 8. ; 9. - ; 10. ; 11.,, ; 12. ; 13. Web- ; 14. ; 15. ' ; 16. ;, ( ). 171

170 ,.. : 1., (,, ); 2. ; 3. (,,, )..,,,, -. : 1. ( ); 2., ; 3. (, ) '. :, ;, ; ; 172

171 ... ( ) " " ( ) ( ', ) : ,. :. (,, ). : i = V pi /U pi, 173

172 , V pi i- - ( -, -..); U pi - i- (U pi = * k, ; k ); i = W i / Q pi * *k,, W i i- ; Q pi..,.,,.,. R, : ( min ), ( max ) ( ). : = ( min max )/6,, min ; max ;.,,. (. 2.15).. 174

173 ,,,. - " ".., 1. ( )., : = ( min max )/ , : t 2 max min 2 ( ). 175 t 6

174 ,. ( ),,..,,,. : tmax tmin ( ). 6, (T- t ; T+ t ) 68,27 %, (T- 3 t ; T+3 t ) 99,73 %, (. 2.16)

175 .,. min = 6, max = 12, = 8, : 1) : = (6+4(8)+12)/6=8,33; 2) : t =(12-6)/6=1, 5,33 11,33 99,7% ,.,,,. 177

176 ,. -, , ( ).,.. - (. 2.18). -,. '..,. 178

177 ,.,,.. 7 2, : " / ", " / / ", " / " (, «02» 7- ; 30% «37» 88 ). 7.4., 179

178 ( -, ).,,,. (Schedule Development) -,, ,.,. : 1. " " (CPM); 2. PERT; 3. GERT(graphical evaluation and review technique); 4. " "., : ( GERT). (GERT),. GERT :,,. 180

179 GERT,, (. 2.19). 181

180 GERT GERT.,., ( ),.,,, PERT,,. GERT ',..,. ',. : 1.., 182

181 ,, : (, ).,,.,, (CCPM). (CCPM) , ( ), ,,.,,,,., - :,,..,,. 183

182 ,,.,. -. : 1. -, - ; 2.,,,, " ",.,,,.,, '. 90-, ' " ".,., ( ), :. 80, 100., 20,., 100%, 80%. 184

183 .,,.,,,,,,.. : 1. ; 2. ; 3..,.,.., ',,,.,.,,.,., '...,,,.,.,,. 185

184 ,,,,,,. " ":.,.,. -,,,. 186

185 ',.,,,.,,,.,,,,,..,,,,,., :,.,,.,...,,, ',., 187

186 ,.,,.,. " ", " ". - 1), ; 2) -. (CCPM) : ,,.,,,, ,, '. 188

187 ,,.,..,.,,.,.,,.,.,,. :,.,,., 189

188 .,.,.,., ,,. :,,, -.,,,,, -. : - ; - ; -..,.. -.., 190

189 .,,.,., ; ;., /..,,,.,. -. " " ( ) ( ),. - :

190 ,,., ' (, ),,, -.,,, ( ).,., -,., '.,, ;. '.,,. : 1. ; 2. ; 3. ; 4....,,.,, 192

191 ,, ',. : 1. (Change a task duration); 2. (Review task dependencies); 3. (Set overlap or delay for tasks); 4. (Review and change a task constraint); 5. (Modify the project calendar); 6. (Modify a resource calendar); 7. (Modify or remove a task calendar). (Add a resource); 8. (Replace a resource); 9., (Adjust the amount of time a resource spends on a task); 10. (Improve resource performance).., -,,.., '.,, ',, '., " "..,,,,.. (inflexible constraint),,, 193

192 .,..,,,..,..,,,,,...,.,, " ".,,,.,..,. (overallocations),,.,.,,. (effort-driven scheduling),. ( ),, 194

193 , (work)..,,,.,.,. 195

194 ,,...,, ,, " " (Project Monitoring and Control),,,,,. ( -, ) -, ',,,,. (. control -,,,, ) -. ',, (. 2.21)

195 : ( ',, ).,, ',.,,. (post-mortem) (.,, ),,,., : ; 197

196 ', ;, '.,, :.,..,,..,.,,.,.,, ( - ).,,..,., 198

197 .... ',, :,,., :. " "., NTERNET-,,. '. ' (, ), ' ',.. 199

198 :,.. -..,., (project records). 200

199 ., (milestown).,. (. 2.22) ,, -,.. 201

200 8.3. : 1) ; 2) ; 3) ; 4) ; 5) , (baseline),.,,. Earned Value Management (Earned Value Technique, Earned Value). ',, EV. 202

201 Earned Value Management (EVM) (., ) -,,. ',, :,?. Earned Value.,, " ",. Earned Value : 1. WBS,, ; 2. ' (PV); 3. Actual Cost (AC); 4. ' (EV) - ', (. 2.24). EV = %COMP * BAC,, BAC -. Earned Value, ( / ) ( / )..,,, PV. EV,,. 203

202 EV 2.4 ' ( - 25), Earned Value (EV). Earned Value 2.4 Earned Value.. (Fundamental Measures) BCWS - Budgeted Cost of Work Scheduled ACWP Actual Cost of Work Performed, 204

203 Earned Value.. BCWP Budgeted Cost of Work Performed EAC Estimate At Complete ETC Estimate to Complete arned value (Forecasting) EAC = AC + ETC EAC = ACWP + ETC ETC = BAC - EV ETC = BAC - BCWP (Performance Indices),, -,, CPI Cost Performance Index SPI Schedule Performance Index TCPI - To Complete Performance Index CPI = EV / AC or CPI = BCWP / ACWP SPI = EV / PV TCPI = (BAC- EV ) / ( BAC - AC ) TCPI = (BAC- EV ) / ETC TCPI = ( BAC - BCWP ) / > 1 - (, ) " ", ; < 1 -, ; = 1 -, >1 - ( ), 205

204 Earned Value.. ( BAC - ACWP ) (Variances) CV - Cost Variance SV Schedule Variance TV Time Variance, CV = BCWP ACWP - / > 0 - ( ) SV = BCWP BCWS > 0 - ( ) Time Variance (TV) = Status Date - Date (BCWS = BCWP). VAC - Variance at Completion VAC = BAC - EAC, EV (. 2.25), (ACWP, BCWS, BCWP) (key date) SV, V EAC.,,, 206

205 V. EVM,. 8, $100., : 1. : PV or BCWS = Hourly Rate * Total Hours Planned or Scheduled = * = ($100 * 8 hours) = $ : AC or ACWP = Hourly Rate * Total Hours Spent= * =($100 * 11 hours)= $ : % Complete Actual = 11/12 = 91.7% 4. : EV or BCWP = Baselined Cost * % Complete Actual = * = (baseline of $800 * 91.7% complete) = $

206 5. : BAC = Baselined Effort-hours * Hourly Rate =( * ) = 8 hours * $100) = $ : EAC = AC + ETC = + = ( )= $ : VAC = BAC - EAC =($800 - $1200 ) = -$400 ( ) 8. : % Completed Planned = PV / BAC = ($800 PV / $800 BAC)= 100% 9. : % Completed Actual = AC / EAC = ($1100 AC / $1200 EAC)=91.7% 10. : SV = Earned Value (EV) - Planned Value (PV) =($700 EV - $800 PV) = -$100 ( $100) 11. : SPI = Earned Value (EV) /Planned Value (PV) =($700 EV / $800 PV) = 0.88 ( ) 12. CV = Earned Value (EV) - Actual Cost (AC) = ($700 EV - $1100 AC)= -$400 ( $400) 13. CPI = Earned Value (EV) /Actual Cost (AC) = ($700 EV / $1100 AC) = 0.64 ( ),.,. ( ) : 1. ; 2. ; 3. ; 208

207 4....,.,..,,. 209

208 2: 1.? 2.? 3.? 4.? 5.? 6. Earned Value? 7.? 8.? 9.? 10.? 11. Earned Value Management? 12. Earned Value. 13.? 14.? 15.? 16.? 17.? 18.? 19.? 20.? 21.? 22.? 23.? 24.? 25.? 26.? 27.? 210

209 28.? 29.? 30.? 31.? 32.? 33.? 34.? 35. -? 36.? 2 1. : a., ; b. -, ; c.,,, ( ), - /. 2., : a. (,, ) ; b. ; c. ; d. - ; 211

210 3. : a.,,, - ; b.,,, ; c.,,,. d.,,,. 4. : a. ; b. ; c. ; d.. 5. : a. ; b. ; c. ; d.. 6. : 212

211 a. ; b. ; c.. d. ; 7. : a. ; b. ; c. ; d.. 8. : a., ; b., '. c., ; e. ; 9. : a. ; b. ; 213

212 c. ; d : a. ; b. ; c. ; d : a. ; b., ; c., ; d (,,, ) : a. ; b. ; c. ; d : a., ; 214

213 b., ; c., ; d.,,. 14. : a., ; b., ; c.,, ; d.,. 15. : a., ; b.,, ; c., ; d.,. 16. : a., ; 215

214 b.,. c., ; d.,, ( ),. 17. : a. b. ; c. ; d PERT : a., ; b., ; c.,, ( ), ; d.,. 19. : 216

215 a., ; b., ; c., ; d.,. 21. : a., ; b., ; c., ; d.,. 22. ( ) : a. ; b. ; c. ; d.. 25.? a. ' ; b. ; c. ; d., '. 217

216 26. : a. ' ; b. ; c. ; d.. 27., : a. ; b. ; c. ; d. ; 28.? a., ' ; b. ' ; c. ; d. ; 29.,, : a. ; b. ; c. ; 218

217 d. ; 30., : a. ; b. ; c. G R ; d. R ; 31. : a. ; b. ; c. ; d : a. ; b. ; c. ( ); d. ; 33. C : a., ; 219

218 b.,, ; c. ; d : a. ; b. ; c. ; d : b. ; c. ; d. ; e : a. ; c. ; d., ; e.. 37., : 220

219 a. ; b. ; c. G R ; d. ; e. P R. 38. : a. ; b., ; c.,,. 39. : a., ; b. ; c.,,. 40. : a.,, ; 221

220 b., ; c , : a. 18 ; b ; c ; e , : a ; b. 6 ; c. 9 5 ; d. 12 ; e , : 2, 8, 5 : a. 5; b. 36; 222

221 c. 17; d. 9; e , " - " - 2 -, 2, 16, - 1, ( ): a. 51; b. 1; c. 1; d. 16; e , : (.)- 3, 10, 20, 12 : a. 36; b. 45; c. 80; d. 12; e , " "

222 -, " " 1., 21, - 2, ): a. 0; b. 12; c. 1; d. 2; e , : a. 7 ; b ; c. 44 ; d. 37 ; e , 4, 12, 1 / - 5., 1 1, - 3, ( ): a. 20; b. 3; c. 12; d. 1; 224

223 e , : 1, 24, 8, 16, 12 : a. 2; b. 13; c. 12; d. 32; e , : 8, 16, 12 : a. 32; b. 36; c. 8; d. 12; e , : 1, 24, 8, 16, 12 : a. 2; b. 13; 225

224 c. 12; d. 32; e : a.,, ; b. ; c.. 55.,,, : a. ; c. 0; d. ; e : b. ; c. ; d. ; e.. 226

225 2 1: " ". 2:,, :,?, / : 3 ( ),,. 1. ( );

226 4: (. ) 50% A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) - Third Edition: PMI Standart p. 2. Constraints.- =24&SiteID=2 3. Dependency in project management. EconomicExperthttp:// 4. Fling Brian, Pricing A Project Gantt Chart( ) Glossary of Project Management Terms Just Consulting 8. Microsoft Project 9. Milestone plan

227 10. Milestone Plans & Gantt Charts.- htm 11. PMBOK 4.? PMP Preparation Project Management Graphics (or Gantt Charts) Project Management Institute(PMI) Project Schedule Development. Planning the timing and sequence of project activities THE PERFORMANCE MILESTONE PLAN.- Using effort driven tasks What is a Project Assumption?.- =25&SiteID= // " ", 2005, // // :, ,..,......:,

228 , : /..,.. (National Competence Baseline, NCB UA Version 3.0).:, " " : ,..,...- :., : :, :..-.: " - ", ".- " ,.. : /...:, :,, ,..,.. : / : -,

229 35. : ; -, ITeam.ru :.-.:. -. -, , 41.. " " : " ", : TenStep ,..,..,. : 17- " ". 8.-,: -, :, /

230 50...,.. :,,.-.: " - ", ,..,.. :. :, : " ", : - - /...-.:, : / :, :,,

231 3.,,.,,, (.) -,. ',,..,.. ( ), (. 3.1). 233

232 : 1. ; 2., ; 3.,, ; 4. ; 5. ; 6. ; 7. ',,..., , 234

233 ..,..,. - '.. -,. : 1), : 2) ; 3) ( ) , ( 0 % %), (,,, ). (risk exposure), : VR = A *q,, VR -, A - (, ) ( ), q

234 (risk probability), ( ). (risk impact) -,, '., : 1.,. 2.,, ,. : : 1. - ; 2. ; 3. ; 4. ; 5. ; 6. ; 7. ; 8. ; 9. ; 10. ; 11. ; 12. (, ). : 1. ; 2.. : 1. ; 236

235 2. ; 3. ; 4.. : 1. ; 2.. : 1., ; 2.,., ( ) ( ) (. 3.2) : " ".,.. " ". 237

236 ,.,,. " ".,. " ".,. " ",. " ",. " ",. " ".,,,. 9.2.,,,.,,., - : 1. ; 2. ; 3.. : 1),,, ; 2). 238

237 , (. 3.4)

238 ,,, ( - ),. " ", : 1. ; 2. ; 3., '. " " :, (,, ),., (. 3.5) " ". '

239 :. : 1..,,. 2..,,. 3..,. 4..,. 5..,. : 1. / (ST/COM); 2. / (EC/FIN); 3. (,, )(ORG); 4. (POL); 5. (ENV); 6. (TECH). 241

240 ,,..... (. 3.2) ( )., (. 3.3) ' % 17% % 50% % 84% 3 ' '. 3.3 ' 1 $100 2 $100-$ $1000-$10,000 4 $10,000-$100,000 5 $100,000-$1,000,

241 ,,,,,.,,,,, (.3.4) ,05 0,10 0,20 0,40 0,80 - <10% 10-20% 20-40% >40% < 5 % 5-1 0% % >20%,. (, 0,1 0,3 0,5 0,7 0,9) (, 0,05 0,1 0,2 0,4 0,8)., 243

242 ,,.,.. (Risk Identification & Quantification). (Risk Identification). (Historical information). (Risk Quantification). /.,,,. Risk Identification & Quantification -, : : (10-15., 2 ) ( ). Delphi (, ). 244

243 (7-10.,,, ). ( 7-10., 10,,, 10 )...., ( indmap) (., mind -, map - ),. ( ),, :,.,,, '. ( indmap) -,,, " "..,., :,

244 ,,,, ( ).,,,. 246

245 ,, NPV., NPV, NPV,,.., NPV,, ( )., (Monte-Carlo Simulation),,, ' ( ),,.,,,,.,,, 247

246 ., NPV, IRR.,, 300., NPV, IRR,.., " " " ".,, ' ,2, (. 3.7): 248

247 (risk exposure)., (high-probability/low-impact), (high-impact/low-probability).. ( ),,..,,,,,. 249

248 . (. 3.6). 3.6 / =1 =2 =3 = = = , : ; ; ,, (. 3.7) : 250

249 1. (highprobability/low-impact) (high-impact/low-probability) , (high-probability/high-impact) (lowprobability/low-impact). (. 3.8): 1. = ; 2. = ; 3. = " " : 251

250 1.. ; 2. c, ; 3.. (. 3.8) % % % IT-. (. 3.9)...,

251 3.9 N 1 2,. 80/20. : 20% 80%, 80% 20% /20.,. - :,,., 20%, 80%,. 20%, 80%. ',, ( ). 253

252 .. Microsoft 30% (Buffer time = 30%)..,.,,,,,,..,,,, (. 3.9)

253 3.10). ( ,,,., : 1. ; 2., ; 3. ; 4..,,.,, 255

254 .,,., : 1. ; 2. ; 3.. (. 3.10): 3.10 (research)?,, -? (accept), -?? (avoid),? (transfer),,? (mitigation)? ' (contingency)?,,. 256

255 (. 3.10). ',, ( )... Microsoft 30% (Buffer time = 30%)..,. K = /,, K ; - ;... 0, ,,.,,. : 1. ; 2. ; 3. ( ) ;

256 3.11,.. - -,,, 258,,, (, ) :

257 1., ( ); 2. ; 3....,. 259

258 Ball,.,., , '.. -. ISO - (, ),,. (, ', ). ',..,,,,, (,, ),,,,

259 . :,,,., ( ). (Total Quality Management: TQM),,.,,. TQM,. :,,,,. TQM TQM: , , '.,.,,. 261

260 ,,., :,,,,,.,.,.,,,,,.. : npoe., -, : 1., ; 2.,,. 262

261 ,,,.,,, 10..,., (QA).,, (CAD), / (,, );,,,.. -,.,, -.,, ; - (, ).,,

262 , -. -, : -,.,, ( ),.,..,,.. : 264

263 ,,,,.,,,,.,,,,., TQM (Total Quality Menegment),....,,.,,, :. -. -,,,. - WBS. :, 265

264 -,,. ( ). -., ( PDCA). PDCA ( : plan -, do -, check -, act - ), (. 3.12) PDCA, -,,., '. PDCA, (. 3.11). 266

265 ( «market D PDCA.,..., -,,.,.,,,,.,..,. -, ( )., 267

266 ., ( ) ,. : <,. /.,,. -, '.,,. 268

267 - -,, '. -,, " ' " (. 3.13) (, ) ),, '.,, ,,.,.,., " ". 269

268 ,,,.,. :,,,..,.. : 1. ; 2.,,,,,, ; 3.. -,., , -,. 270

269 ,,,, (. 3.13) ;, -,, :,.,., 271

270 ,.,.,.. (benchmarking), 2 : ,, : 1. - ( ) ( ) ,.,,,. : Xerox Procter&Gambel, ' - Kodak Canon. 272

271 6 (. 3.14). N 1 2 ' ', - 40.?,, -1.,, 15.., ,.,,.,,,. 273

272 : (), -,..,,. (, ).,, «'», '..,,, '.,,,,..,, ',,, ',, ,,, 274

273 . : 1..,.,,. 2..,. 3..,. -.,. 4., ( ), :.,,... :

274 10.4..,,. :.,,.. ( ) ( )... -, ( ) (., ) (. 3.14). (, ) ( ),., : ( ). 276

275 , 4 \\\\ \\\\ \ \\\\ \\\\ \ 24 5 \\\\ \\\\ \\\ \\\\ \\\\ \\\\ 32 6 \\\\ \ \\\\ \\\\ \\\\ \\\\ \\\\ \\\\ \\\ 25 ( ) 14,3 172,, 6,1 73 5,1 61 D 1,6 19 E 1,3 16 D 1, , % ,,,,.,, -, (BMP) ( ) (. 3.15). UCL (Upper Control Limit) LCL (Lower Control Limit). 277

276 ., , W,,, W w W w, : = W + L w; = w; = W - L w L.. W. (l, 278

277 ), L = 3 ( 3S). :,,. R ( ), S. x S, x R. 1. (p- ). p-., '. 2. (np- ). np-., '. 3. ( - ) (u- ). u-.., (. 3.16). " ", -.,. 1-3, %. 279

278 D E F ( ),, ,,.,

279 1992., 3-4. : 1. ; 2. ; 3. ; 4. ; ,,,,... " ".. -,.,.,, " - ",.,., -,.. Tempus,. 281

280 : ; - ;- -.,,,.. 282

281 ,., ,. ( ),. (, ),.,. 283

282 ,.,,.. «Boeing».,, , 1-2. : 1.., : 1. (Procurement of Works); 2. (Procurement of Goods); 3. (Procurement of Services); 4. (Procurement of Equipment); 5. (Procurement of Consultants); ", ",. - -,,,,,,,,.,,,,. 284

283 - -, ',,,, ',,,,,, -,. -, -,,,,,,,,,,,, ' ( )-..,,,, " " " ", ', -, -. (supplier) -, 285

284 ,,,.,.,. -,, : 1. ; 2..,,,. : 1. ; 2. - ; 3.. -,,. -. : 1. ; 2. ; 3. ; 4. ; 5. ; 6. ; 286

285 7..,,,.. ( - ) ( ).,, -.,,.,..,,. 287

286 ,,. PMBOK, ' (. 3.17). " " (Procurement planning):,. 2. (Solicitation planning): ( ),. 3. (Solicitation):,,. 4. (Source selection): 5. (Contract administration): '. 6. (Contract close-out):

287 ,,,.,, 76% 2%.,, 95% ' 11%.,,,,., : 1.?,. 2.?,,. 3.?. 4.,?,,. 5.?,,,. :. 289

288 ,,,..,.. : 1.? 2.? 3.? 4.?,.,,,. -,...,.,,,, 290

289 ...,,,.,, : Fixed Price Contract (FPC)..,,.,. Fixed Price Incentive (FPI),,,. FPI.,. Firm Fixed Price (FFP)., -... Cost Reimbursable Contracts. ( ),,,.., (, ) 291

290 (,,, ). (, )., (, ). : (CPF); (CPFF); (CPIF). - Cost Plus Fee (CPF) Cost plus percentage of costs (CPPC).,,.. - Cost plus fixed fee (CPFF).,,.,,. - Cost plus incentive fee (CPIF). 292

291 ,,,.,,. : Time and Material Contracts.,.,..,,..,.,. Unit price contracts (UPC)., UPC : 293

292 1. (. 3.18);, ( ) FFP, ( ) - CPPS. 2., ; 3. ; 4.,,. (CPPC) (CPFF) (CPIF) (FPI) (FFP) ',,..,. " ".,

293 USD 3.15 : ,,, (, ). 7.,. 8.,,

294 . 10. (.3.16) ,. 15.,. ( ) 3.16 ( ). ( / - )..., : 1. ( ) ( ) ( )

295 , :,,. ( ) (, ). : 1. ; 2. ; 3. ; 4..,.,.,,..,,. ',,. 297

296 .,, Advantix Advanced Photo System.,,,, ', -, ( ', ).,,. : Statement of work (SOW). :.,.,..,.,..,,,,. 298

297 .,,.. -,..,,.,,,.,.,,,,,,,,,.,,,,.,,,,...., 5...,,,.,,

298 , ',,,,,,,, ,, ( ).,, :,,,..,,.,,,,, 300

299 ,.,,,.,..,,. :. : 1. ( ) ; 2. ; 3. ; 4...,,,...,,. 301

300 ,,... :.,,.. :,,,.,....,,., : (. 3.17),, 302

301 ,,,,,,, ,.,.,,.,,,., 303

302 ., ( ) (%) ,,..,,,,,,,,.,,,., "contract" (., -, ), 304

303 , - " ",. ( ) -,, '., ( ),.. British Telecom Higgs and Hill.,,, ; ;.,.. 53,5., 9,, 17%.,. (, ) (, ) : 305

304 1., ' ; 2. ; 3. ; 4... (,, ),..., -,, " ", -,.,,. : 1., ;

305 ; 3., ; WBS; 4.,,,. ',, ' : 1. ; 2. ; 3. ; : 1. ( ); 2.,.,.,,. 307

306 11.8., : 1. ; 2., ; 3..,,.,,.,,.,,,,. " " " " " ", ( ). (. tend ) «, " ", ": ( ) - ( ) ( ); 308

307 -, ; -, ; - ( ),,,, ; ( ) - ( ( ) ),, ( ) ; -,,., ; -,,,,,, ; ( - ) -,,,,, ; 309

308 , -, ( ), ; ( - ) -, ; -,,,,,,,,,, ; ( ) ( ),. ( ), ; (, (, ),,,.. ( ) (, (, ),, 310

309 ,.. -,, ; -,, ; -,,,,, ; -, ; -, ; ( ), ( ), «,» ' " -!", " ". -!" ', 311

310 -. ( ' ); ', - ; -.,,,, ( ), ( ) 100., : 1. ; 2. ; 3. ; 4. ( ); : 1) 1 ; 2) 3 ; 3)

311 .,,.,, : 1) ( ), ; 2),,,,,,, ; 3),,,. :.,,,

312 , ;,,.,,,.,. ( ),,, ( ) ( ).,.,. ( ),.,

313 ,,. -, :, ' ; ( ),,,, ;,,, ;,,,, '. 50 ; ; ', 315

314 ,, '... (ISA), (SRS, IRS),..,., ISA. : 1. - ; 2. ( ) - ( ) ; (. 3.19).. ' : 1. ; 2., ; 3., ; 4., ; 316

315 5. ; 6. ; 7. ; ( ) ' :,,,, : 3) : 25- :., 13. 4),, ) -. 6). 317

316 7) 1.. : 9) : 8:00 21:00, ) -,.. 11) :. 12) :, ( ),,,, ( ), ( ). 13). 3-5% -2. : 14) ( ),,. 15) ( 2 / ). 16),. :,..,. ( )..,

317 ( 14 - ).., : 1.,, ; 2. ; 3. ; 4. ; 5. ( ); 6. ; 7..,.,,,

318 15. : 1. ; 2.,, ; 3. (, ); 4., ; 5. ; 6.,., : 1. ; 2. ( ); 3., ; 4.,,,.,.. 320

319 ,,,.. : ;, ; ;, : 1.,,,.,,,,, :,,, ' ;, ;,,,,,,. 321

320 ,,,., " "; 2. ; 3., ; 4., ; 5.,, ; ;, ' ;,,,, ; ;,,,,,,,,, ( ' ) ; ( ), ( ) ; ( ), ( ) ; ; ;, ; 322

321 ', ;, ;, ;,, ' ;,., '..,. ' -, ',,. ',,.,, 323

322 , ',.,,.,,,,., 1 5,,. : 1. ; 2.,, ; 3.,,,. 10 : 324

323 1., ; 2., ; 3., ; 4.,., (, ),,,,,.,. ',,.,,,., 325

324 '.,,... : 1., ; 2..,,,.,.,. -,

325 ,., (, ),., (, ),,,,,.,..,,.,.,,,,., 327

326 .. ',. -,.,,,,.,,,. : 1. ; 2.,, ; 3., ; 4. ; 5. ; 6. ; 7.,,,,,,,.,, ( ) 328

327 . 70., 30. -,.,.,.,,,,., : 1., ; 2.,, ; 3. ; 4., ; 329

328 5.,,.,., : 1. ; ,,, : 1., ; 2. ' ( ).,,,.,. ',., -,. 330

329 ,, ',, 21. " ",,.,,,,,,. -,,,,. ' : 1) ; 2).,,,..,

330

331 , ,,,. -,. - ( ).. "Outside resource using" - " " " ", " " ", ". " " " ",.. 333

332 , ( ), - ( ) Ford General Motors.,,. "outsourcing", " XX ", 1989 Eastman Kodak,,. 90-,., 1997.,,,, 9 18.,, (. 3.20).,,., 334

333 ,.,, ', - (, ) ,. $ %.,. 80% %, 335

334 ., Outsoursing World Summit (. 3.21). 5% 5% 13% 36% 5% 2% 2% 32% ,,,,.., $ ,,., 336

335 ,,.. :,,.,,..,,,.,,,.,,,..,,, -,., , ( ). IT-,,,, IT-,.,

336 ,,,.,,, % -, - : -web- ;.,,,, - ; - Internet- ; -web- ; ,.., 338

337 ( - ) -, ', ',., IT- : ;, ; - ; 1. web- ; 2. ; 3. - (Internet Service Providing); 4. web- ; IT-, - 40%, %, %, - 33%.. OUT.RU - : : ;, ; : ', ;, ; ;.., IT-,. 339

338 ,., ',, IT-,., IT-,,. IT-, $100 $ IT-., IT-., ( ), ( ), ,5.., ,. -,,, 340

339 .. -,,, -,.,,.,.,,,,..,. - (Business Process Outsoursing - BPO) -, (,,,,, ).,,, ( )., -.,, 341

340 ., -.,,,,,. " ",,, 40% -,,,,., :,. ',.,,, ,, (.): ; ; 342

341 ; ( PM Expert). - (. 3.23) %.,, 343

342 , 30-50% ,,,,.. -,. :, ' 344

343 , ; -,,, ;, (, ), (,,, );, ' /, /. : (, ) ,2. 345

344 , (. 3.26): 1. ; ;, - / ; / / ; (,,, )

345 ,. : 1. - ; 2., - /.,,.,,.,.,.,,.,,,,.,,,,,, /,. 347

346 ,. PM Expert 2007.,,, (.3.27) ,, /., ( ): ; / / ; 348

347 (,,,., ' /,,,, ',,, /.,,.,,,.,,, -.. : 1. (, ); 2., ( PMI); 349

348 3. (,,, ); 4., ; 5. (,, )..,, : -, ;, ; ;, : ( ),,, ;, ; ; ;,,, ;, ;,., -,,,,. : - : :,,,,,,. -, :, Microsoft Office Project,. 350

349 - : ( ), Microsoft Office Project,,,,,,.,,,,,.,,, ,,,., ',,. (OffShoring) -. XX, " ", " ".,,.,

350 / ' , %., ',,, : 50% % , T-. 352

351 , EquaTerra CIO Insight,, IT- ( 3.19). 5%,. 3 25%, 35%.,, T-. :,,,, ; 353

352 c (..) 39,6,,, 12, 5,, 4,1,, 4, 3.19,,,,, - -.,, -..,, -. -,,,

353 3,65,, 2,9, 0,8, 0,63 0,5,.,, -,,,,, " ",,,,,, - ' IT,,,,,. -,.. 355

354 -,,, ; ;, ',., ;,.,,,, -.,.,,,,. " ". $15 $30., -, T-.,.,,,, 356

355 ., -,.,,,,,,.. : 1. - ; 2. ; 3. ; -,., (. 3.30)., '

356 ',,.,,,,., -, ' ;. -, ( ).. -,.,,. ' -,.,,,,. (Onsite Subcontracting with Offshoring).,,

357 , ; (Pure Ofshore Projects).,,,. :,,. -. (Offshoring Individual Projects).,,, -. -,,, ; / ( ) Global Delivery Onsite/Offshore Model. -,,,,,,. ; ( ) (Multi-vendor Offshoring (Multisourcing).,,.,,.. ; - 359

358 ,..,,.,,,.,., Booz Allen Hamilton and Duke (CIBER),,. -,, : 1. ; 2. - (, ); 3. -,,. '.,. -,. -, 360

359 .,.,,. 157, CIBER 27%, 2000 Forbes 2000, 57% ( 500). c IT-,,,.,.,,. 361

360 3: 1.? 2.? 3.? 4.? 5.? 6.? 7.? 8.? 9.? 10.? 11.? 12.? 13.? 14.? 15.? 16.? 17.? 18.? 19.? 20. -? 21.? 22.? 23.? 24.? 25.? 26.? 362

361 3 1. : a. ; b. ; c. ; d.. 2. : a. ; b. ; c. ; d. ; e.. 3. : a. ; b. ; c. ; d.. 4. : 363

362 a. ; b., ; c.. d.. 5. : a.. b. ; c. ; d.. 6. : a. - ; b. ; c. ; d. ; 7. : a. ; b. ; c. ; d. ( - ). 8. : 364

363 a. ; b.,, ' ; c., ; d., ( ). 9. (risk probability) : a. ; b., ( ) ; c., ; d.,, '. 10. (risk impact) - : a. ; b., ; c.,, ' ; d., ( ). 11. : 365

364 a., ; b. ; c.,, ' ; d., ( ). 12. : a. ; b. ; c., NPV,, ; d.,, NPV. 13. : a.,, NPV ; b. ; c. ; d., NPV,,. 366

365 10. : a., NPV,, ; b. ; c. ; d.,, NPV : a. ; b. ; c., NPV,, ; d.,, NPV. 12. : a., ' ; b., ' ; c. ', ; d., ' ; 367

366 e C ', : a. ; b. ; c. ; d : a. ; b. ; c. ; d : a.,,,,, ; b.,,, ; c.,,,. 18. : 368

367 a.,,, ; b.,,, ; c.,,,,,. 19. " " : a.,,, ; b.,,, ; c.,,,,,. 20. : a. ; b. ; c.,. 369

368 21. : a. ; b., ; c : a., ; b. ; c : a. ; b. ; d. ; e : 370

369 a. ; b. ; c. ; d. ; 25. : a., ; b.,, ; c.,. d., (, ) : a., ; b., ; c., (, ); d.,,. 28. : a.,, ; b., ; 371

370 c., (, ); d.,. 29. : a., (, ); b. (,,, ). 30. : a. (,,, ); b., (, ). 31. ', : a. ; b., ; c. ; d.. 372

371 32.,, : a. ; b. ; c. ; d : a. ; b.,, ; c : a. ; b. ; c.,,. 35. : a. ; 373

372 b.,, ; c : a., ; b.,,,, ; c. ( ( ) ),, ( ) (, ); 38. : a., ; b.., ; c.,,, 374

373 , ; 39. : a., ; b.,,,, ; c..,. 40. : a. (, (, ),, ; b., ; c. -,, ; 42. : 375

374 a., ; b. -,, ; c. (, (, ),, ; 43. : a., ; b., ; c. (, (, ),,. 44. : a. (, (, ),, ; b., ; 376

375 c. -,, ; 45. : a. ; b. 10; c : a., ( ); b., ( ). 47.,,, 200., : a. ; b. ; c. ; d.. 377

376 48. : a. ; b. ; c. ; d : a. ; b. ; c. ; d : a. ; b. ; c. ; d ( - ): a., ', ', ; b. ; 378

377 c.,,,,, ; d. -, (,,,,, ) (Business Process Outsoursing - BPO): a., ', - ', ; b. ; c.,,,,, ; d. -, (,,,,, ). 53. : a., ', - ', ; b. ; c.,,,,, ; 379

378 d. -, (,,,,, ). 54. : a., ', - ', ; b. ; c.,,,,, ; d. -, (,,,,, ). 55. : a. ; b. ; c : a. ; b. ; 380

379 c : a. ; b. ; c. ; d : a. ; b. ; c. ; d.. 381

380 "Make-or-Buy", :., 800 /., 12,000. ( ) 400./.,?. 4 (EVM). 8.,..,.. 4 PV AC EV 1 1,000 1,000 1, ,000 2,000 2, ,000 5,000 6,

381 PV AC EV 4 7,000 9,000 7, , , , , ? 2. 3-? 3. BAC 4-? 4. 5-,, 2-,. 500., EV 5-? 5. 4-? 6. 2-? 7. (EAC) (EVM). ',., 4000.,.,.,, ',, '. 383

382 .? Kakabadse A. Trends in outsourcing: contrasting USA and Europe / N. Kakabadse, A. Kakabadse // European Management Journal. Volume 20, 2, April pp Service offshoring takes off in Europe In search of improved competitiveness New York: UNCTAD, Roland Berger Strategy Consultants June Siems T. Do what you do best, outsource the rest? / T. Siems, D. Rattner // Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas Southwest Economy. November/December, The cusp of a revolution: how offshoring will transform the financial services industry // Research Report from Deloitte Consulting, April A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) - Third Edition: PMI Standart p. 6. Baden-Fuller C., Targett D., Hunt B. Outsourcing to outmanoeuvre: outsourcing re-defines competitive strategy and structure // European Management Journal Vol. 18 (3). P Benjaafar, S., Elahi, E., and Karen, L. (2007), Outsourcing via Service Competition, Management Science, Vol. 53, No. 2, pp CIO Insight Coblands Consulting. Reducing Project Management RiskPrincipleshttp:// 10. Coblands Consulting. Reducing Project Management RiskPrincipleshttp:// 384

383 11. CompMechLab-Review. / Cost Management Forbes Special Report The Global Glossary of Project Management Terms ISO (International Organization for Standardization) ISO Joseph L. Bowler Jr. Course Technology. Chapter 11: Project Procurement Management. - T/ITFN% htm 18. K. Mohan Babu Offshoring IT Services: A Framework for Managing Outsourced Projects.- Tata McGraw-Hill, India; 1st edition(2006) p. 19. Method Mind map,,,, Mohan Babu Offshore Outsourcing Models Performance Monitoring and Control (PPMC) -sunset.usc.edu/cse/pub/event/ 2004/COCOMO/files/WedAM/Wed_AM_01_Ross.ppt Parametric 23. PM Expert Project Progress.Release 4.6.SAP.- help.sap.com/printdocu/core/print46c/en/data/pdf/psprg/psprg.pdf 25. VIVAT STRATEGY

384 26. Wideman Comparative Glossary of Common Project Management Terms v : : : :. /..... : -, : /..,.. (National Competence Baseline, NCB UA Version 3.0).:, // (.) C «Consortium for the Enhancement of Ukrainian Management Education» (CEUME) ( (USAID), ) 38..,.,.. (2- ) " - " :..-.: " - ",

385 40.., :, 2007., ? // V -, ( ,. )..1.., :, « » //Sales bussiness/ //Sales bussiness/ (TQM) /. ;..-.: " " ", //

386 51...,..,.. : / : -, " " ]/ , // ' i , ,, //, :.-.:. -. -, , 62. PM Expert

387 65. ( ).- article/?id= ' N / IT ,, ISO/ ,.. - // ,.. :,,.-.: " - ", H -Tech : " ", : - - /...-.:, Guide to PMBOK PMBOK. PM101.- moodle.viaduk.net/course/enrol.php?id= /.. ;....,.. ;.....:,

388 ,.,., XX. 80-., Solutions,. 94%,.,,, /., XXI.,,,. ' ' :,,,,. 390

389 , C..,... :,,,,,,,,,,., ( ),. : 1. ; 2. ; 3... C.., :.. ( ):, '. ( ):...( ): :,,,...( ): ( ). 391

390 ..( ):...( )..,.,,,,,. 392

391 : 1. 3 NPV : ) NPV =11,0., ; ) NPV : NPV ,47.. 1,16 1,16*1,17 1,16*1,17 *1,18 1,16*1,17 *1,18*1, ,?,.,,,,,, ( ), / ( ),,.,.,,. -. 0%.,.,,, 393

392 3. 3 " Make-or-Buy ", :., 800 /., 12,000. ( ) 400./.,? d. : 12, d = 800d 400d, : 12,000 = 400d 400, : d = 30, 30, ,..,.. 4 PV AC EV 1 1,000 1,000 1, ,000 2,000 2,

393 PV AC EV 3 5,000 5,000 6, ,000 9,000 7, , , , , ? CPI=EV/AC=0,7/0,9=0, ? SPI=EV/PV=6000/5000= BAC 4-?, ,, 2-,. 500., EV 5-? EV= = ? CV=EV-AC= = ? SV=EV-PV= = (EAC) 4-. EAC=BAC/CPI=20000/0,7777=

394 5. ',., 4000.,.,.,, ',, '..? EV 4000.,.,

395 (project management automation),,,. (project administrative) -,,,,. (project business plan),. (baseline).. (project budget),. ( ) - : 1) ( ) ; 2),, (,.) (types of project) :,,,, -,,,. (resourse levelling). 397

396 (responsibility),. (project environment), :, ;,,. (project features) :,,,,,,,,. (project external environment),. ( ). (project charter),.,. (project tree of objectives).,,,. (target dates), (, ). /. (Gantt chart),. (precedence diagram),,. (team building activities),, 398

397 ,,. (document flow in project management). (assumptions),,. (project performance) (Earned Value). (project expertise), -,,. (project elements),. ( ),,. :. (project securing), -,,. (project closing) ( ),. (total float),. 399

398 (task in project management),,. (project costumer),. (change request) (invitation for bid),. -, /,. (project plan), :,,,,,,,... (backward pass).. (change),. (organization breakdown structure).. (investment in project management),. (project ingineer),. 400

399 (project initiator),,. (project institutional analysis) -. (project management information system),,,,. (project infrastructure),. (project classification) -. (project stakeholders),.. (project supervisor),. (project management efficiency indicator). (project team),. (project commercial analysis),. 401

400 (cost reimbursable contract). (project competitiveness),. (project contractor),. (fixed price contract). (project controller),,. -. (performance measurement). (progress control). (resource conflict),. (critical activity),. (critical pash),. 402

401 4 : - ( ), -, - -. (project marketing),,. ( ) ) (functional matrix in project management), ( ),. (responcibility assignment matrix),. (methods of project management). (project mission),,. (earned value), 25,,. (program evaluation and review technique). 403

402 (project modeling),. '. (project monitoring).. (object of project management),,. (project constraints),.,. (project operative management). (organizational tools of project management),,,. (statement of work) -,. (estimate to complete). 404

403 (project assesment),,. (expected monetary value). (late dates) /. (budget cost of work performed), Earned Value ( ). (contingency planning),.. (project planning),,,,. (project indiccators),,,,,. (application area),. (deliverables) Product Deliverables,. Phase Deliverables,. (project),. 405

404 (project event),,,. (bid),. - (project meneger),,. (project contract),,. (project analysis),,. (project management process) 5, :,,,,. (forward pass). /. (resource pool),. (early dates) /. (project development),. (project implementation),,. 406

405 (schedule management plan),. (ongoing operations),.,. (resource),.,. (activity). (successor activity), -. (project results) -,,. (project schedule). (role) (,..) (cash flow),. (market of project) -.,. (free float),. (project management information system),. 407

406 (network),.,, (kick-off) project kick-off. (arrow diagram),.. (project sophistication) :,,. (work breackdown structure),. (project structure), :,,,. (social analysis of project).. (Stochastic models og project). (project management strategy),,. (approval). (project management tactics). 408

407 (tender in project management), ( ). - (project feasibility study),,,,,,,,,. (project technical analysis) -,, (, ),,,. (project duration) ( ),. (authorization). (communication management). /. (procurement management).,,,. (cost management).,. 409

408 (chance menegement),,,. (scope menegement).. (integration management).,. (human resource management).,,,. (project subject area management),,.,,. (project menegement). (risk management).,. (time management).,. 410

409 (quality management).,. (project success),,. (project participants),. (project phases),. (final phase). (concept phase). (design phase). (implementation phase). (actual cost of work performed), Earned Value ( ). (functional manager). (project management functions),,. 411

410 (project financial analysis),,. (project characteristic) - :,,,,,,,,,,. (project obgectives). (project management obgectives),,. (project management cycle). (project dentity),,,. (quality of project management),. Earned Value Management (Earned Value Technique ), '. ICB(IPMA Competence Baseline) -. ISO (International Organization for Standardization - ( - S ). S. Stakeholder - «( );», ( ), 412

411 , ) :, shareholder (, ),, ( ) ; :, :,,,,, ( ),,. S -, 1991, 12 (,,,,,,,,,, ), ' -. -, , ALA. 413

412 ,. " " Ukrainian Project Management Association (U ) International Project Management Association ( ) -. U ( ) -.,,,,,, U -, -,,. U. U e -.. :,,,,,,. U. 414

413 PM Expert,.,. PM.,. PRINCE2, - '. RUP ( UML),.,.. MSF,,. MS, MS 415

414 AIM Oracle OEBS,, - ERP,

415 (FORCE FIELD ANALYSIS) K. ( ),, ( ) 2.,, () : 1), : (driving forces); 2), - : (restraining forces).,,,. -,. :,,.,. 417

416 , -... ',. : 1. ( ) (current situation). 5. (desired situation). 6.,. 7. (desired situation). 8. (desired situation). 9. :??? 10.,,, ,. 13.,. 418

417 ' ' : MS Project; Primavera; Open Plan; Project Expert; Spider Project., : Agresso. Augeo. Artemis, CA. Epicor. IRIS Group. Lawson. Maconomy. MICROSOFT PROJECT PROFESSIONAL. OpenAir. Oracle E-Business. Oracle PeopleSoft. PRIMAVERA EVOLVE. QuickArrow. SAP Services Automation. Tenrox. : Entexo iproject

418 ProjectMate - PSA-., (,, ), - ( ). TrackStudio Enterprise -. MS Project. Invest Sign. egroupware. OpenProj -, Microsoft Project. GanttProject-. OnePoint Project. Trac. Devprom

419 / / < > <,,,, > < > <, / > < / > < > : 421

420 : \ <, > 422

421 (2 ) ( 23). : : WAW : : " " " " ( ) ( 10, ) ($ ) ($ ) ( ),,,,,,,, `

422

423 [ ] ), ) ) ) )..... IV. V. 425

424 (4 ) ( 22)...,. ( ),.....,, : ( ). 3. ( ). 8- (1 7 )..,, : ;, ;, : 1. ; 2. ; 3. ; 4.,,, ; 5.,. : 1., ; 2., ; 3. ;,,.!. [ ]. 426

425 1. [ ] : ;, ;, ` ; ; ;, ; ;.. 2. ),, ; ; ;, `. ), `. :. ), ( ), : ; ; ; ;. :. :. : : ; : 50. : $1000. :. :,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,. 427

426 ) : (, )???? ( )??,..,?,,? ) : ; ; /,..,.. ( ', ) : (. )., ( ). 1.,., : ( ),, -., " ", " ". ( )

427 1 ( ) 2 ( ) 3 ( ) ( ) : 2. *,. ( ) 1 2 : *,. 3., (, ) : 4., (, ): N 1 ( ) 2 (, ) 3 ( ) : 429

428 5.,., - 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (,,, ) (, ) 12, 13 `, (, ) 14, 15, 16 : 6. (1 7 ) [ 1 ] : ;, ;,, 430

429 , ( );,. [ 2 ], ( ) : ; ;, (,, ). 431

430 . '. '.,., %. (,, )..,,.,,,. ',,!,,,.,,, (, ).. ( ),,.,,, ;., " ",.,,,,, ',.,.,,., 432

431 ,,., '.., ; :,,. 433

432 .,. :,.,,. :. ',. '...,. "???".,..,... '. 434

433 ..,,.. :.,,...,,,.,. :.,,.. -,. : ',.,,. 435

434 3. -. '.., KJ-.,, J-. - ',. '. ( ). : 1..,. 2.,,

435 3., -,, '.,,.,.,,,, - (,, ).. 4..,, ' ( ).., '.,,. 437

436 ., ,. -.,,,.,,. ( - ), '.,.. 438

437 N : 1.1. ( ) : ( ) (, ',, ', ). 3. : , (, ( ) ). 439

438 : : ,,. (,..).. 440

439 N N 328/ , 3. 2.,,, 15,, N 274 ( - ),. 3. :,,, ,,, 1.2 : " ". ( ). 1.1,

440 N 274 ", ". 2.3,, - ' (,, ),,, ,,,,,, , ,, - ' (,, ),,,, (, ) ,, - ' (,, ),,,,, (,,, ). 442

441 ,

442 N : 1.1. ( ) : ( ). 3. : ,. 4. " ",,. 5. : 5.1., ,,, 444

443 6. ( ). 7. : 7.1. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ). 7.4., ( ). 8.,,

444 N N 327/ , 3. 2.,,, 15,, N 274 ( - ),. 3. :,,, ,,, 1.2 : " ". ( ). 1.1,

445 N 274 ", " : ". ".,, ,, , ,,,,,. 7.3,, - ' (,, ),,,. 447

446 .. 448

447 ,,. 1. : 1.1. ( ) : ( ) (, ',, ', ). 3. : , (, ( ) ) : : 6.1. ( ) : : ,,. (,..).. 449

448 /15017, 1., 3. 2.,,, 15,, ( - ),. 3. :,,, ,,, 1.2 : " ". ( ). 1.1, ", ". 2.3,, - ' (,, ),,, ,,,,,,, ,, - ' (,, ),,,,. 5.2 ( ) (, ),

449 ( ),., ( ), 43 ( ),, ( ).,, : " " ,, - ' (,, ),,, ( / ) ,, - ' (,, ),,,, , , : ' ; 24, ;,,

450 : 1. ( 1000), ( ),. (i=1:n),, : = S i = S i * i <=1000, i <= 1 = S i = S i/ i <= 1000, i > 1, i - - ( ),, ; i - - ( ) ; n -,. 2. ( : , ; ; ; ),,. (j=1:m), : 452

451 =S j * j, j - j- ( ); j -, j- ( ) ; m -,., 1.,.M B j