CUSTOMIZATION OF A SAS APPLICATION Danielle GRANGE, Brigitte STENZEL CNRS-STRASBOURG, France.

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1 CUSTOMIZATION OF A SAS APPLICATION Danielle GRANGE, Brigitte STENZEL CNRS-STRASBOURG, France. ABSTRACT From an existing large SAS customized applications. application, we put forward a method of developing new similar but This method would create a fully parametrized application which would then automatically generate SAS customized BATCH programs in addition to SAS/AF programs and screens. The method was applied to a stock management which has about 9000 SAS basic and macro statements and 30 SAS/AF screens. 1.0 INTRODUCTION Having already carried out a stock management application for the chemistry store of STRASBOURG UNIVERSITY with SAS [1], we were then asked to do the same work for the other university stores. Instead of goi ng through all the statements and adapti ng them to new problems, we decided to parametri ze the application so as to customize it. First of all, we needed to generalize the existing application in order to parametrize it efficiently. Then, we had to choose what to parametrize, as well as a method of doing it. The next step was to write a fully parametrized program, and a program generator which would create a source program from the parametrized code and the parameter values. Finally, we had to write all the uti lities needed for an application. The system had to be able to work with any programming language as the application was composed of a BATCH program of about 9000 SAS basic as well as macro statements, and also of an interactive part written with SAS/AF (about 30 menus and programs screens), as well as JCL and CLIST. It was also needed for the programmi ng part done with HFDL 1 anguage which was used to create FORMS of hi gh quality on the XEROX 8700 laser printer for invoices, mailing list, customers phone directory, list of the items available in the store... The following were the three main problems we had to deal with: - How to parametrize, i.e. how to specify, within the statements, the parts which would change from one application to the other. The method presented here allows parametrization of values as well as statements, and could be used for any other customization problem. - What to parametrize, i.e., how to identify elements which might vary from one application to the other. This problem, which is totally dependent on the application, was solved for our stock management application, but would be quite different for any other SAS application. 232

2 - How to instal a specific application starting with parametrized code and specific parameters. This was done -by a program generator, entirely written with SAS code. 2.0 HOW TO PARAMETRIZE? :f Two types of information can vary from one application to the other, values and statements. 2.1 Parametrization of values Any information of value type can be considered as a parameter. For example, a variable value or a constant are information of value type. During the parametrization step, each parameter of value type will be given a name enclosed between signs. During the customization step, each parameter will be given a value. Example : // USERB OlF JOB USERB,INVENT,USER= USERB 01,NOTIFY=PP1301 If parameter USERB has the value X710, the fo llowi ng 1 i ne wi 11 be created by the program generator. //X71001F JOB X710,INVENT,USER=X71001,NOTIFY=PP Parametrization of statements In a program, some statements mayor may not appear, and others have to be repeated several times, according to the value of a parameter specific to the application. In these cases commands will be used: "If commands" for the first case and "loop commands" for the second case. The general form of the commands are / KEY-WORD parameter_name option / The effect starts at the first line following the command and finishes when one encounters the identical command called "end command". The command can apply to a whole statement or part of it, but also to a sequence of statements. As many different commands are necessary can be interleaved IF COMMAND Allows a part of a statement, a whole statement of a sequence of statements to be generated according the value of the parameter nominated in the command. The If command can have two forms. 233

3 1st If command form / SI parameter_name constant / If the value of the parameter nomi nated in the command equals the constant then all the statements encountered until the end command wi 11 be generated, otherwi se we wi 11 sk i P to the fi rst statement following the end command. Example ERREUR = 0 ; / SI BREMP 0 / REMPLCT = 0 ; / SI BREMP 0 / REF = 0 ; If the parameter BREMP has the value 0, the generated text will be ERREUR = 0 ; REMPLCT = 0 REF = 0 ; If the parameter BREMP does not equal 0, the generated text will be ; ERREUR = 0 REF = 0 ; 2nd If command form / SI parameter_name /, " l. l If the value of the parameter nomi nated in the command is not blank or mi ssi ng, then all the statements encountered down to the end command will be generated, otherwise nothing will be generated and we will skip to the statement following the end command. Example / SI BPURETE / BPURETE =H BPURETE / SI BPURETE / If the value of the paramter BPURETE is PURETE the statement PURETE=HPURETE ; will be generated, otherwise, if BPURETE is missing, the statement will not be generated. 234

4 2.2.2 LOOP COMMAND Allows a statement or a sequence of statements to be generated several times. The command is defined by the name of a "parameter list" which is made up of a list of parameters. As an example, LTAB is a name of a parameter list such as and LTAB = TABl TAB2 TAB3 TAB1, TAB2, TAB3 are parameters whose values are TABl = CEA TAB2 = EGA TAB3 = FLU A loop command can have two forms 1st loop command form The sequence of statements between the loop command and its correspondi ng end command wi 11 be generated as many times as there are members in the parameter list. There will be one generation for each element of the list. Example : / R LTAB / FIELD CCS %CHOIX( TAB ) / R LTAB / (1) Suppose LTAB is the list given previously such as LTAB TABl TAB2 TAB3 with TABl = CEA TAB2 = EGA TAB3 = FLU Thi s command wi 11 be performed in two steps. In the fi rst step, for each generation of the sequence of statements between the two commands, the key-word parameter TAB wi 11 be replaced by the current parameter name of the LTAB 1 i st. There wi 11 be as many generati ons as there are members in the list. The key-word parameter CCS is an index parameter. At this first step, the loop statement (1) will generate FIELDl %CHOIX( TAB1 ) FIELD2 %CHOIX( TAB2 ) FIELD3 %CHOIX( TAB3 ) The second step will allow substitution of TABl TAB2 TAB3 parameter values which will then give 235

5 FIELDl %CHOIX(CEA) FIELD2 %CHOIX(EGA) - FIELD3 %CHOIX(FLU) 2nd loop command form This form differs from the first loop form in that a WORD, which could be any kind of character string, is added between each succeeding generation of sequence statements. In fact, the first form corresponds to the second with WORD equals blank. Example / R LTAB ELSE / IF FABR = ' TAB ' THEN OUTPUT STOCK. TAB 2 / R LTAB ELSE / let and LTAB = TABl TAB2 TAB3 TABl = CEA TAB2 = EGA TAB3 = FLU The final generated text, after the second step, will be IF FABR = 'CEA' THEN OUTPUT ELSE IF FABR = "EGA' THEN OUTPUT ELSE IF FABR = 'FLU' THEN OUTPUT STOCK.CEA2 STOCK.EGA2 STOCK.FLU2 t 3.0 WHAT TO PARAMETRIZE? The parameter choi ce is along and pai nstaki ng task. One has to go through all the statements to find out all the specific elements of the application. But the quality of the customi zati on will depend on thi s carefu11 preparati on, the automati c installation of a new application will have many constraints or will be limited if not enough parameters have been defined or if they have not been correctly chosen. The choi ce of the parameters tot a lly depends on the app 1 i cati on. But in any case, it wi 11 be necessary to find out the specific values to which a parameter should be associated, and to localize the statement sequences which should be treated by the commands, and to define the corresponding parameters (of list type for the loop commands, of value type for the If commands). 236

6 This parametrization step was done by hand, going through each statement, the final result was a fully parametrized code program. An example is given Table THE INSTALLATION We had to write a program generator which would have, as input, the parametrized code program as well as a data set of parameters names ~ith their corresponding values specific to the new application. The output generated is a source program specific to the new application. This installation had to be done once for each specific application, the parameters are only used for installation purposes. The program generator works in two main steps - interpretation of the commands - substitution of the_parameter names by their values. The i nterpretat i on step is performed at 1 east once, and is carri ed out by the program as often as there are imbrication levels in the commands. Each performance deals with the most external level of the commands. This method allows processing of as many imbrication levels as needed without 1 imitati on. The substitution step is only performed once. It goes through the statements generated in the previ ous step in sequence and rep 1 aces the parameter names by thei r values read from a data set. The end result is the new application program. The parametri zat i on method so far descri bed is tot a lly i ndependant of the programmi ng 1 anguage. In fact, it could have been written in any language. But practically a choice had to be made. We chose the SAS language, because of its facilities, with SAS/FSP to input the parameter values. Also because the SAS language has many character string functions which permit finding and easily replacing the parameters by their values. Moreover, by using the Macro SAS language the number of times each phase of the generator is performed can be controlled. The program generator is listed in Table 2. With this program generator, installation of a new program is simple. The parameters have to be valorized and the program generator must be submitted with the appropriate file names. When installing a whole application, many programs must be generated. Therefore we had to write utility installation programs for file allocations as well as generations of various programs specific to the application.

7 5.0 CONCLUSION The method presented here can be app 1 i ed to any program or text as long as it does not contai n the character. Programs written in SAS, HFDL, CLIST, JCL or TEXT can be parametrized in this way. It is interesting to parametrize a full application, BATCH as well as interactive processing. The parametrization of the interactive part depends upon the software used to do it and the way the programs and the screens are memorized. In our case, the parametri zati on of the SAS/ AF app 1 i cati on has been parti ally done. It was easy to parametri ze the program part of the screen, but not the screen i tse 1 f. Thi s must be done manually for each application. Writing the stock management application for the chemistry store took about 6 months, installation of a new application with our system takes about one week, including manual modifications of the screens. [lj D. GRANGE, H. BIGOT, CNRS STRASBOURG "Gestion de stock par 1e systeme SAS sous OS/TSO". Club SAS France - DEAUVILLE - Octobre

8 TABLE 1 EXAMPLE OF PARAMETRIZED CODE PROGRAM 1 SI BGESTB 0 1 data com i emag=' NOMKAG 'i enumemd= i edateemd=date()i eref=' REFPROB, i eunite='l'i eqteemd= COPIBOT i eodfour='f57'i eqtearr= COPIBOT i edatearr=date()i enumlivr= i eorifpx=' N ' i edatfaet=date()i eqtefaet= COPIBOT i do while (rfabr < ' NUMREFB ')i set LIRES. STOTABB li endi 1 SI BPRIXSTO N 1 IF 1 R LPRIXSTO OR 1 CREF=:' TAB ' 1 R LPRIXSTO OR 1 THEN CPRIXHT= EPRIXSTO i ELSE 1 SI BPRIXSTO N 1 CPRIXHT= PRIXSTO i output; stop; proe append base=mouv.commjour data=eom; 1 SI BGESTB

9 TABLE 2 II JOB // PROGRAM GENERATOR FILE FICH FILE I FILE S CONTAINS PARAMETRIZED PROGRAMS CONTAINS GENERATED PROGRAMS IS A SAS LIBRARY CONTAINING PARAMETER VALUES UNITE STATISTIQUE CENTRE DE CALCUL DE STRASBOURG - CNRS - FRANCE. 11 D GRANGE, B STENZEL 11 II EXEC SAS IIFICH DD DSN=XXXX.PARAPROG.CNTL,DISP=OLD III lis IISYSIN DD OPTIONS MPRINT; DD DSN=XXXX.ENDPROG.CNTL,DISP=OLD DD DSN=XXXX.PARAM.SASLIB,DISP=SHR %MACRO PARA; %LET ENTREE=FICH(INVENT); %LET TRAVl=FICH(TRAVl); %LET TRAV2=FICH(TRAV2); %LET UTIL=I(INVENT); %LET SUITE=l; %LET C=l; %LET SORTIE=&TRAVl.; %DO %WHILE(&SUITE=l); %LET SUITE=O;.,.. ~ DATA _NULL_; INFILE &ENTREE.; FILE &SORTIE.; LENGTH LIGNE DIR $72 VALEUR $130 ELTLIST MOT4 MOTP MOTREP $10; RETAIN DIR EXEC; ARRAY MSG $ 72 MSGI-MSG50; ARRAY POS POSI-POS50; ARRAY POSD POSDI-POSD50; ARRAY CH $ 72 CHI-CH50; INPUT LIGNE $CHAR72.; IF LIGNE=:'/ ' THEN DO; IF DIR =: ', THEN DO; DIR=LIGNE; IF DIR=:' 1. SI' THEN DO; MOTP=SCAN(DIR,3,',); LINK LECT; MOT4=SCAN(DIR,4,' '); IF MOT4=' /' THEN DO; MOT4=' '; IF MOT4.=VALEUR THEN EXEC=O; ELSE EXEC=l; 240

10 IF MOT4=VALEUR THEN EXEC=l; ELSE EXEC=O; MOTP=SCAN(DIR,3,',); LINK LECT; MOTREP=SCAN(DIR,4,',); MSG1=' '; II=l;_I_ =1; DO WHILE(MSG NE DIR); _I_=II; INPUT MSG $CHAR72.; IF MSG=:'/ ' AND MSG NE DIR THEN CALL SYMPUT('SUITE','l'); POS=INDEX(MSG,' TAB '); IF POS=O THEN POSD=O; CH=SUBSTR(MSG,POS+5); POSD=INDEX(CH,' TAB '); II+1; N=_I_-1; COMPT=l; ELTLIST=SCAN(VALEUR,COMPT,' '); DO WHILE(ELTLIST NE: ' '); DO _1_=1 TO N; IF POS=O THEN LIGNE=MSG; IF POSD=O THEN LIGNE=MSG; ELSE LIGNE=SUBSTR(MSG,1,POSD+POS+4)!!TRIM(ELTL IST)!!SUBSTR(CH,POSD+4); LIGNE=SUBSTR(LIGNE,l,POS)!!TRIM(ELTLIST)!!SUBS TR(LIGNE,POS+4); IF _1_=1 AND MOTREP NE '/' AND COMPT NE 1 THEN PUT MOTREP; P=INDEX(LIGNE,' CCC '); DO WHILE( P NE 0 ); LIGNE=SUBSTR(LIGNE,1,P-1)!!TRIM(LEFT(COMPT»!! SUBSTR(LIGNE,P+5); P=INDEX(LIGNE,' CCC '); PUT LIGNE $CHAR72.; COMPT+1; ELTLIST=SCAN(VALEUR,COMPT,' '); DIR=' '; IF LIGNE=DIR THEN DO; 241

11 DIR=' '; EXEC=O; ELSE IF EXEC=1 THEN DO; PUT LIGNE $CHAR72.; CALL SYMPUT('SUITE','I'); IF DIR=: THEN PUT LIGNE $CHAR72.; RETURN; LECT: 1=1; IF EXEC=1 THEN PUT LIGNE $CHAR72.; DO WHILE(PARAM NE MOTP AND I<=OBS); SET S.CORRESP POINT=I NOBS=OBS; I+l; IF PARAM NE MOTP THEN ABORT RETURN; RETURN; RUN; %LET ENTREE=&SORTIE; %IF &C=1 %THEN %DO; %LET SORTIE=&TRAV2.; %LET C=O; % %ELSE %DO; %LET SORTIE=&TRAVl.; %LET C=I; % % DATA _NULL_; INFILE &ENTREE.; FILE &UTIL.; LENGTH LIGNE $ 144 LIGNEI $ 72 DEBUT FIN MILlE $144 VALEUR $130 MOTP $10 BLC $1; INPUT LIGNE $CHAR72.; POSl=INDEX(LIGNE,' '); DO WHILE(POSI NE 0); DEBUT=SUBSTR(LIGNE,I,POSl-l); MILIE=SUBSTR(LIGNE,POSI+I); POS2=INDEX(MILIE,' ' ); FIN=SUBSTR(MILIE,POS2+1); MOTP=SUBSTR(MILIE,I,POS2-1); LINK LECT; IF POSI NE 1 THEN BLC=SUBSTR(DEBUT,POSl-l); ELSE BLC=' C' ; IF BLC=', THEN LIGNE=TRIM(DEBUT) II II TRIM(VALEUR) II FIN; 242

12 ELSE LIGNE=TRIM(DEBUT)!! TRIM(VALEUR)!! FIN; POSl=INDEX(LIGNE, ' '); IF LENGTH(LIGNE»72 THEN DO; LIGNEl=SUBSTR(LIGNE,73); PUT LIGNE $CHAR72.; PUT LIGNEI $CHAR72.; ELSE PUT LIGNE $CHAR72.; RETURN; LECT: 1=1; DO WHILE(PARAM NE MOTP AND I<=OBS ); SET S.CORRESP POINT=I NOBS=OBS; I+l; IF PARAM NE MOTP THEN ABORT RETURN; RETURN; %MEND PARA; %PARA; RUN; II 243