11. Push-over analysis
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1 . Push-over analysis Applicable CivilFEM Product: All CivilFEM Products Level of Difficulty: Moderate Interactive Time Required: 90 minutes Discipline: Structural Steel Analysis Type: Push Over Element Type Used: Shell 8 and Surf 5 Active Code: Eurocodes and 8 Units System: N, m, s CivilFEM Features Demonstrated: Units selection, code selection, material definition, shell definition, push-over analysis. Problem Description Given The problem consists of an analysis of push over applied to a tank which contains water. Geometry: Height= 5 m Diameter= m - CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
2 Push-Over pressures Water pressures P_BOT= ρ g h Material: Fe 60 Element type: Shell 8 Surf 5 Pressures: Push-Over Pressures: Gradient pressure with slope= 0 Watt: Gradient pressure with slope= P_BOT/ H_CYL (H_CYL= 5 m) Approach and Assumptions This is a push-over analysis with D elastic elements and elastic material properties. Model geometry is defined with nodes and elements. Summary of Steps Preprocessing. Preprocessing. Specify title. Set code. Set units 5. Define parameters - CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
3 6. Define materials 7. Define element type 8. Define Shell properties 9. Define Geometry 0. Save the database Solution. Apply displacement constrain. Error! No se encuentra el origen de la referencia.s. Push-Over Analysis Interactive Step-by-Step Solution. Preprocessing A typical CivilFEM analysis begins with providing data such as the units system, active code, materials, element types, section and model geometry definition.. Specify title Although this step is not required for a CivilFEM analysis, we recommend that you make it part of all your analysis. Utility Menu: File Change title Enter the title: Push-over analysis. OK to define the title and close the dialog box. - CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
4 . Set code In CivilFEM you can choose between different codes for checking and designing. CivilFEM allows you to uphold different active codes simultaneously, one for concrete calculations another one for steel calculations and a third one for seismic design. In this example the active codes are the Eurocodes, which is the default option. Main Menu: CivilFEM Civil Setup Select Civil Setup OK to set active code and close the code dialog box - CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
5 . Set units In CivilFEM you must define a unit system. CivilFEM will need such a system to perform calculations according to Code. You should maintain it during the entire design. In this analysis, we will select the International System units, that is, meters, seconds and Newtons. Main Menu: CivilFEM Civil Setup Choose Units Library OK to accept units and close the units dialog box -5 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
6 5. Define parameters: PII=.6 D_CYL= Diameter H_CYL= 5 High H_WAT= H_CYL TH_BOT= 0E- TH_TOP= 5E- P_TOP= 0 P_BOT= 000*9.8*H_WAT SLOPE = (P_TOP - P_BOT)/H_CYL V= PII*(H_WAT-TH_BOT)*(D_CYL**-(D_CYL-TH_TOP)**)/ Mw = Define materials Material properties definition is performed with the CivilFEM ~CFMP command. This command automatically defines the ANSYS material properties (density, Young s modulus, Poisson s ratio and thermal expansion coefficient) and the CivilFEM material properties necessary for code checking. In this case we will select Fe 60 steel. The CivilFEM ~CFMP command allows us to define stress-strain diagrams, to define safety coefficients, to control the linear or non-linear behavior of the material and to select the activation time of the material. Main Menu: CivilFEM Civil Preprocessor Materials Pick new to define a new material Choose Fe 60 Steel and all the material properties corresponding to Fe60 steel are automatically calculated according to Eurocode (active code) The Add button must be clicked times to define the materials:. Fe 60 for the bottom of the tank.. Fe 60 material which density is going to be modified to bear the weight of the water in mind. Density= 7850+(Mw/V). Material with void density for SURF 5 element. Command MP Modify for material. -6 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
7 5 Write +(Mw)/V for density. 6 Choose bi-linear for type of Analysis Diagram. (It is necessary that the type of graph is changed of linearly to bilinear for the type of analysis that is going to be realized). 7 8 Choose Biso for plasticity key. Ok 9 Modify material. Choose bi-linear for type or Analysis Diagram and Biso for plasticity key for the material 0 Write MP,DENS,,0-7 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
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10 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
11 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
12 7. Define element type Checking and designing according to codes is only performed on CivilFEM supported element types, although you can use any ANSYS element to define your model, only the CivilFEM supported elements will be checked according to codes. In the element type menu you can see the CivilFEM supported beam elements. We will use Shell 8 and Surf 5 Main Menu: CivilFEM Civil Preprocess Element Types Other Elements Add/ Edit/ Delete. Add. Choose Shell8 and Apply. Choose Surface Effect 5 and Click on Options for Surf 5. 5 Choose exclude for midside nodes and Full Area w/tan for Pres vector orientation. 6 7 Close. - CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
13 - CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
14 Define Shell Properties Main Menu: CivilFEM Civil Preprocess Shell Vertex - CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
15 Choose Steel. Write TH_BOT for thickness. Choose material -5 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
16 Main Menu: CivilFEM Civil Preprocess Shell Vertex 5 Choose Steel. Write TH_TOP for thickness. Choose material Exit. -6 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
17 -7 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
18 5 Main Menu: CivilFEM Civil Preprocess Beam & Shell Properties. CivilFEM command ~BMSHPRO will be used to define ANSYS real constants Choose New Shell. Choose SHELL 8 for Ename Choose vertex Apply. Choose vertex Exit. -8 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
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20 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
21 9. Define real constant for surf element Main Menu: Preprocessor Real Constants Add/Edit/Delete. 5 Add. Choose Surf 5 and Write 0 for Added mass/unit area. Close. - CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
22 5 Or: Write R,,0. - CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
23 0. Define Geometry Main Menu: Preprocessor Modeling Create Volumes Cylinder Hollow Cylinder. Write D_CYL/ for Rad- and H_CYL for Depth. Main Menu: Preprocessor Modeling Delete Volumes Only. Pick All. - CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
24 Utility Menu: Select Entities Choose Areas By Location. Choose Z coordinates. Write H_CYL for Min,Max. Main Menu: Preprocessor Modeling Delete Areas Only. Pick All. - CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
25 Utility Menu: Select Everything Main Menu: Preprocessor Numering Ctrls Compress Numbers. Choose Areas. Utility Menu: Select Entities Choose Areas By Num Pick. -5 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
26 Write,. Utility Menu: Select Comp/ Assembly Create Component Write Walls for component name. Choose Areas. -6 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
27 Utility Menu: Select Everything Utility Menu: Select Entities Choose Areas By Num Pick. Write -7 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
28 Utility Menu: Select Comp/ Assembly Create Component Write Bottom for component name. Choose Areas. Utility Menu: Select Everything ( A regular mesh is obtained after the lines are concatenated). Utility Menu: Select Entities Select Lines by Location with z=0. (From full). Utility Menu: Select Entities Select Lines by Location with y=0, 6. (Reselect) MainMenu:Preprocessor Meshing Mesh Areas Mapped Concatenate Lines 5 6 Pick All. Commands: LSEL,S,LOC,Z,0 (Select lines, from full, by location, z= 0) LPLOT ( Plot lines) LSEL,R,LOC,Y,0,6 (Select lines, reselect, by location, Y=6) -8 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
29 LPLOT LCCAT,ALL ALLSEL ( Concatenate lines) 6 5 Utility Menu: Select Everything Concatenate the next lines in the same way. Comands: LSEL,S,LOC,Z,0-9 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
30 LPLOT LSEL,R,LOC,Y,0,-6 LPLOT LCCAT,ALL ALLSEL LSEL,S,LOC,Z,5 LPLOT LSEL,R,LOC,Y,0,6 LPLOT LCCAT,ALL ALLSEL LSEL,S,LOC,Z,5 LPLOT LSEL,R,LOC,Y,0,-6 LPLOT LCCAT,ALL ALLSEL Utility Menu: Select Everything Utility Menu: Select Comp/Assembly Selec Comp/Assembly Choose by component name. Choose Bottom. -0 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
31 Main Menu: Preprocessor Meshing Mesh Tool. 5 6 Pick on Set button. Choose Shell 8, mat and Section Number. Choose Areas and Free Tri mesh. Click on Mesh buttom. Pick All and - CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
32 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
33 Utility Menu: Select Everything Utility Menu: Select Comp/Assembly Selec Comp/Assembly Choose by component name. Choose Walls. Main Menu: Preprocessor Meshing Mesh Tool. Pick on Set button. - CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
34 5 6 Choose Shell 8, mat and Section Number. Choose Areas and mapped cuad mesh. Click on Mesh buttom. PIck All. 5 - CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
35 Utility Menu: Select Entities Select nodes attached to Areas, all. Main Menu: Preprocessor Meshing Mesh Attributes Default Attribs. Choose Surf 5, material and real constant. -5 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
36 Main Menu: Preprocessor Modeling Create Elements Surf /Contact Surf to Surf. Pick All. -6 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
37 . Save the database Solution Before moving to the next step, we will save all we have done so far. The save operation will save the database to file.db and file.cfdb Toolbar: CFSAVE In this step we will define the analysis type and its options, apply loads and initiate the finite element solution. A new, static analysis is the default option, so we will not need to specify analysis type for this problem. Also, there are no analysis options for this problem.. Apply displacement constraints We will constrain all DOF at the bottom of the tank. Utility Menu: Select Everything Utility Menu: Select Comp/Assembly Selec Comp/Assembly Choose by component name. Choose Bottom. -7 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
38 Main Menu: Solution Define Loads Apply Structural Displacement On Areas Pick All. Choose All DOF to be constrained -8 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
39 Utility Menu: Select Everything. Apply pressure loads Push Over pressures: Utility Menu: Select Entities Select Elements By Attributes and Elem type num. Write for type of element. -9 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
40 Main Menu: Preprocessor Loads Define Loads Settings For Surface Ld Gradient Choose Pressure. Write 0 for Slope value. Choose z direction for Slope direction. Main Menu: Preprocessor Loads Define Loads Apply Structural Presure On Elements Write ALL. Choose Constant value. Write 5 for LKEY. Write 5. for VAL. Write 78.6 for VAL. Write 0 for VAL. -0 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
41 Utility Menu: Select Everything Main Menu: Preprocessor Loads Load Step Opts Write LS File. Write for the Load Step File. Or: ~CFLSWRT, - CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
42 Main Menu: Preprocessor Loads Define Loads Settings For Surface Ld Gradien Choose Pressure. Write 0 for Slope value. Choose z direction for Slope direction. Other pressures: Bottom pressures (Select Bottom component) Utility Menu: Select Entities (Select elements attached to Areas) Main Menu: Preprocessor Loads Define Loads Apply Structural Presure On Elements. Pick All. Write P_BOT for load pres value. - CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
43 Utility Menu: Select Everything Walls pressures: (Select Walls component) Utility Menu: Select Entities (Select elements attached to Areas) Main Menu: Preprocessor Loads Define Loads Settings For Surface Ld Gradien. Choose Pressure. Write SLOPE for Slope value. Choose z direction for Slope direction. - CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
44 Main Menu: Preprocessor Loads Define Loads Apply Structural Presure On Elements. Pick All. Write P_TOP for load press value. - CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
45 Main Menu: Preprocessor Loads Define Loads Settings For Surface Ld Gradien Choose Pressure. Write 0 for Slope value. Choose z direction for Slope direction. Main Menu: Preprocessor Loads Define Loads Apply Structural Inertia Gravity Global Write 9.8 for z component. -5 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
46 . Push Over Analisys Main Menu: Seismic Desing Define Spectra By code 5 6 Write 0.9 for the ground acceleration. Choose Class A Choose Elastic. Choose for Horizontal and Vertical behavior fact. Choose 0 - for Damping factor. -6 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
47 5 6 Main Menu: Seismic Desing Modal Solution. Write 50 for Number of modes to be extracted. Choose Block Lanczos as the Extraction Method. -7 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
48 Main Menu: Seismic Design PushOver Analisys Write 6 for Node Number. Write for Lambda and 50 for SS num. Choose z for vertical axis. Push LS File and click on S0 file. Click on Modal Shape button. Click on Load Modes button. Choose the worst direction. Click on Solve button. -8 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
49 5-9 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
50 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
51 ESEL,U,TYPE,, to view shell elements without the surf elements. ~RETROFT,LAMBDA, -5 CivilFEM Workbook. Ingeciber, S.A. Ver..5
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