MID: Materials Imaging and Dynamics Instrument

Transcription

1 MID: Materials Imaging and Dynamics Instrument A. Madsen 1,*, J. Hallmann 1, T. Roth 1, G. Ansaldi 1, W. Lu 1,2 1 European XFEL 2 Technische Universität Berlin * anders.madsen@xfel.eu XFEL User Meeting 2014

2 MID Keywords 2 Scattering and imaging with hard X-rays Micro- and nano focused beams Windowless operation Use of a maximum number of pulses Versatile experimental chamber and sample environment Optical pump laser Ultrafast science & X-ray split-delay techniques Coherence & speckle

3 Facility Outline 3 SASE-2

4 MID beamline overview 4 common SASE-2 beamline (MID/HED) MID photon beamline MID optics hutch MID experimental hutch undulator high-energy mono 306 m imager m horizontal 301 m offset mirror 290 m shutter m 2D-imager 244 m CRL m attenuator m time-of-flight PES 220 m XBPM & intensity m K-mono 200 m spont. rad. aperture 198 m transmissive imager 171 m λ imager-2 HR-SSS λ 400 m m imager-4 slit-2 attenuator imager-3 slit-1 XBPM & intensity m m m 880 m 729 m 727 m mono-1: Si(111) 929 m shutter-2 imager-5 high energy CRL CRL m m 933 m 931 m mono-2 Si(220) m attenuator imager-6 slit m m 948 m X-ray splitdelay line 950 m shutter-3 mirror(s) 955 m 952 m timing diagnostic diff. pumping t 957 m 956 m sample nanofocusing CRL 959 m m detector 967 m diagnostic endstand 969 m 0 m Not shown: MCP at 303m (fine tuning of SASE) Distribution mirror(s) at 390m and 395m (MID on central branch) Beam loss monitors

5 m A. Madsen, XFEL.EU Beryllium Optics for the MID Station Compound Refractive Lenses (CRL) in Beryllium - Be is an excellent material to avoid ablation - Beam collimation or focusing in the range from ~5 25 kev - CRL efficiency below ~5 kev not good - Chromatic focusing Sweet spots in energy - Allows 7s (~3*FWHM) to be transported effective lens diameter and beam size D eff 3 x beamsize (FWHM) f = R/(2Nd) Large radii lenses, up to R > 5mm Energy [kev] B. Lengeler, RXOPTICS, Aachen

6 Beryllium Optics for the MID Station 6 CRL-1 transfocator CRL-2 transfocator ~700 m Allows beam sizes on sample from m and % efficiency Range from ~5 to 25 kev (sweet spots every ~500 ev)

7 Beryllium Optics for the MID Station CRL-2 7 Allows beam sizes 1 3 m with 20-40% efficiency Nano focus option: CRL-3 placed mm upstream of sample inside the sample chamber. BMBF project, C. Schroer - TU Dresden Calculation for f=300 mm CRL-3 Efficiency ~50% with prefocusing ~10 nm focus for f=50 mm at 12 kev Setup for MEC, LCLS C. Schroer, D. Samberg, TU Dresden

8 y (mm) y (mm) y (mm) A. Madsen, XFEL.EU Wave field Simulations: Impact of Be imperfections and impurities 8 Laminography data, ID19, ESRF (L. Helfen) Be lens model CRL-1 CRL-2 sample at 959 m A B C D Reconstructed planes Void volume fraction 10-4 A B C before CRL-1 after CRL-1 after CRL-2 D in focus, at sample pos x (mm) x (mm) x (mm) x (mm) Poster #213 (Friday poster session) Acknowledgement: L Samoylova, XFEL.EU Optics group

9 Windowless Operation 9 Differential pumping section HV side (mirrors and crystals): 1e-7-1e-8 mbar 1e-2 mbar sample chamber Differential pumping apertures inside made from B 4 C Must allow two beams to pass with a vertical separation of ~25 mm (from Split-Delay Line) XFEL.EU - ESRF collaboration

10 Experimental Setup 10 Differential pumping Diagnostics chamber Sample chamber AGIPD detector Transfer pipe to end diagnostics Close configuration: AGIPD 0.5 m from sample chamber center Beam transmitted to end diagnostics via central hole and transfer pipe XFEL.EU - ESRF collaboration

11 Experimental Setup 11 Sample Differential pumping Diagnostics chamber chamber Telescope pipe to AGIPD Hi-Res setup: AGIPD up to 8 m from sample chamber. Telescope pipe between chamber and AGIPD. Motion concept under study XFEL.EU - ESRF collaboration

12 Experimental Setup 12 optical laser X-rays 2q m 2q up to ~60 deg in Hi-Res mode. Diagnostics end-station (spectrum, intensity, position) and beam stop

13 Experimental chamber 13 Min. dist. sample-detector: ~225 mm Q max ~5Å -1 (l=1å) AGIPD nano-crl stage sample stage

14 Experimental chamber 14 Min. dist. CRL-sample: 50 mm Min. focal spot: ~10 nm (ideal case) Ports for sample delivery sample stage AGIPD

15 Sample delivery 15 Microfluidic sample delivery 10 Hz sample changer/scanner for solid samples Flexible mount (hexapod) for Pulsed high B magnet user s sample environments Aerosol injector, liquid jet Furnace, cryostat Possibility to work in air (window inserted upstream) liquid jet installed in test chamber (XFEL sample env. group) Full-field microscope: S. Köster & T. Salditt Univ. Göttingen (BMBF project) X-Rays

16 Hard X-Ray Split-Delay Line 16 Goal: To modify the time-structure of XFEL (fs-ps delays). Spatial offset (inclination) between split beams can be introduced. New possibilities for time-resolved experiments (PP, wave mixing, holography, speckle, dynamics,..). Inspiration: Hard X-ray Split Delay line at LCLS (Roseker & Grübel, DESY) Device under construction at SACLA (Tono, Yabashi, SACLA) Soft X-ray delay lines operating at FLASH (mirror based) 1 m 3.3 fs Co-linear beams Inclined beams

17 Hard X-Ray Split-Delay Line 17 Beams from split-delay line 1 st beam Optical laser X-ray XX Dt X-ray 2 nd beam 2a i sample X-ray XOX Optical X-ray a i Upwards deflecting mirror OXX Optical X-ray X-ray Two images on detector: 2 nd pattern 1 st pattern

18 Hard X-Ray Split-Delay Line 18 Delay given by upper branch (0 800 ps) Energy tunable (5-10 kev) X-Rays In-vacuum setup High position precision and stability Laser interferometry to control delay Beam diagnostics Collaboration: S. Eisebitt, T. Noll, TU Berlin (BMBF project)

19 SASE-2: Hutches and Infrastructure 19

20 SASE-2: Hutches and Infrastructure 20 Work in progress

21 MID Technical Design Report (TDR) 21 or Poster #108, Friday poster session

22 Main specs of MID (from TDR) 22 Commissioning and first user experiments in 2017!