Network Simulator 2. Reti di Telecomunicazioni (CdL Ing. TLC) Telematica I (CdL Ing. INF) Ing. Carla Passiatore.

Transcription

1 Network Simulator 2 Reti di Telecomunicazioni (CdL Ing. TLC) Telematica I (CdL Ing. INF) Ing. Carla Passiatore c.passiatore@poliba.it 1

2 NS2 wireless simulation Use NS to simulate Wireless Network Simple wireless scenario Wireless scenario with infrastructure 2

3 NS2 wireless simulation

4 NS2 wireless simulation A mobilenode consists of network components, which at the beginning of a wireless simulation, we need to define,like: Link Layer (LL) Interface Queue (IfQ) MAC layer Additionally, we need to define other parameters like: type of antenna radio-propagation model type of ad-hoc routing protocol used by mobilenodes 4

5 NS2 Wireless Simulation Next we go to the main part of the program and start by creating an instance of the simulator set ns_ [new Simulator] Then setup trace support creating a trace file $ns_ trace-all $... and/or $ns_ use-newtrace Next create a topology object that keeps track of movements of mobilenodes within the topological boundary. set topo [new Topography] Next we create the object God, as follows: create-god... 5

6 NS2 Wireless Simulation We need to configure nodes before we can create them. Node configuration may consist of defining the type of adhoc routing protocol, Link Layer, MAC layer, IfQ etc. The configuration API can be defined as follows: $ns_ node-config 6

7 NS2 Wireless Simulation $ns_ node-config -adhocrouting DSDV/DSR/TORA -lltype LL ; -mactype Mac/802_11 \ ; -ifqtype Queue/DropTail/PriQueue ; -ifqlen 50 ; -anttype Antenna/OmniAntenna ; -proptype Propagation/TwoRayGround ;l -phytype Phy/WirelessPhy ; -channeltype wirelesschannel ; -agenttrace ON -OFF ; -routertrace ON -OFF ; -mactrace ON-OFF ; -movementtrace ON-OFF ; 7

8 NS2 Wireless Simulation adhocrouting DSDV/DSR/TORA DSDV : Destination-Sequenced Distance-Vector Routing DSR: Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) TORA: Temporally Ordered Routing Algorithm 8

9 NS2 Wireless Simulation TRACE FILE s -t Hs 1 -Hd -1 -Ni 1 -Nx Ny Nz Ne Nl RTR -Nw --- -Ma 0 -Md 0 -Ms 0 -Mt 0 -Is Id It message -Il 32 -If 0 -Ii 3 -Iv 32 Event type(s,r) General tag Next hop info Node property Packet info at MAC level Information at IP level H N M I 9

10 NS2 Wireless Simulation Event type can be one of the four types: s send r receive d drop Node property tags -Ni: node id -Nx;Ny;Nz: node s x-y-z-coordinate -Ne: node energy level -Nl: trace level, such as AGT, RTR, MAC -Nw: reason for the event. "END" DROP_END_OF_SIMULATION "ERR" DROP_MAC_PACKET_ERROR "CBK" DROP_RTR_MAC_CALLBACK "IFQ" DROP_IFQ_QFULL i.e no buffer space in IFQ 10

11 NS2 Wireless Simulation Packet information at IP level: -Is: source address.source port number -Id: dest address.dest port number -It: packet type -Il: packet size -If: flow id Next hop info: -Hs: id for this node -Hd: id for next hop towards the destination. General tag -t time 11

12 Simple wireless scenario The topology consists of two mobilenodes. Area boundary is defined in this example as 500mX500m. The nodes start out initially at two opposite ends of the boundary, then they move. A TCP connection is setup between the two mobilenodes. 500m n_0 TCP n_1 500m 12

13 Simplewireless scenario main set ns [new Simulator] set tracefd [open simple.tr w] $ns trace-all $tracefd $ns use-newtrace for nam tracing set namtrace [open wireless1-out.nam w] ; $ns namtrace-all-wireless $namtrace set up topography object set topo [new Topography] $topo load_flatgrid Create God set val(nn) 2; # mobile nodes number create-god $val(nn) 13

14 Simple wireless scenario configure node $ns node-config -adhocrouting DSDV \ -lltype LL \ -mactype Mac/802_11 \ -ifqtype Queue/DropTail/PriQueue \ -ifqlen 50 \ -anttype Antenna/OmniAntenna \ -proptype Propagation/TwoRayGround \ -phytype Phy/WirelessPhy \ -channeltype Channel/WirelessChannel \ -topoinstance $topo \ -agenttrace ON \ -routertrace ON \ -mactrace OFF \ -movementtrace ON 14

15 Simple wireless scenario Only after configuration node is possible creating node for {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn) } {incr i} { set node($i) [$ns node] $node($i) random-motion 0 $node($i) label mobile($i) } 15

16 Simple wireless scenario Provide initial co-ordinates for mobilenodes $node(0) set X_ 5.0 $node(0) set Y_ 2.0 $node(0) set Z_ 0.0 $node(1) set X_ $node(1) set Y_ $node(1) set Z_ 0.0 Now produce some simple node movements $ns at 50.0 "$node(1) setdest " $ns at 10.0 "$node(0) setdest " Node_(1) then starts to move away from node_(0) $ns at "$node(1) setdest " 16

17 Simple wireless scenario Define node initial position in nam The function must be called after mobility model is defined for {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn)} {incr i} { $ns initial_node_pos $node($i) 20 } 17

18 Simplewireless scenario Setup traffic flow between nodes TCP connections between node_(0) and node_(1) set tcp [new Agent/TCP] $tcp set class_ 2 set sink [new Agent/TCPSink] $ns attach-agent $node(0) $tcp $ns attach-agent $node(1) $sink $ns connect $tcp $sink set ftp [new Application/FTP] $ftp attach-agent $tcp $ns at 10.0 "$ftp start" 18

19 Simple wireless scenario Tell nodes when the simulation ends for {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn) } {incr i} { $ns at "$node($i) reset"; } $ns at "stop" $ns at "puts \"NS EXITING...\" ; $ns halt" proc stop {} { global ns tracefd namtrace $ns flush-trace close $tracefd close $namtrace } 19

20 Simple wireless scenario puts "Starting Simulation..." $ns run 20

21 Wireless scenario with infrastructure Wired nodes Wireless nodes Base station 21

22 Wireless scenario with infrastructure W(0) W(1) FTP2 FTP1 BS N(0) N(1) N(2) 22

23 Wireless scenario with infrastructure Define options set opt(nn) 3 ;number of mobilenodes set opt(stop) 250 ; set opt(ftp1-start) 100.0; set opt(ftp2-start) 110.0; set num_wired_nodes 2; set num_bs_nodes 1; 23

24 Wireless scenario with infrastructure create simulator instance set ns [new Simulator] set up for hierarchical routing $ns node-config -addresstype hierarchical AddrParams set domain_num_ 2 ;# number of domains lappend cluster_num 2 1 ;# number of clusters in each domain AddrParams set cluster_num_ $cluster_num lappend eilastlevel ;# number of nodes in each cluster AddrParams set nodes_num_ $eilastlevel ;# of each domain 24

25 Wireless scenario with infrastructure set tracefd [open wireless2-out.tr w] set namtrace [open wireless2-out.nam w] $ns trace-all $tracefd $ns namtrace-all-wireless $namtrace #$ns use-newtrace Create topography object set topo [new Topography] define topology $topo load_flatgrid create God create-god [expr $opt(nn) + $num_bs_nodes] 25

26 Wireless scenario with infrastructure nam trace for wired node Event time From node To node Pkt type Pkt size flag fid Src addr Dest addr Seq num Pkt id 26

27 Wireless scenario with infrastructure create wired nodes hierarchical addresses for wired domain address= dominion.cluster.node set temp { } ; for {set i 0} {$i < $num_wired_nodes} {incr i} { set W($i) [$ns node [lindex $temp $i]] } 27

28 Wireless scenario with infrastructure configure for base-station node $ns_ node-config -adhocrouting DSDV \ -lltype LL \ -mactype Mac/802_11 \ -ifqtype Queue/DropTail/PriQueue \ -ifqlen 50 \ -anttype Antenna/OmniAntenna \ -proptype Propagation/TwoRayGround \ -phytype Phy/WirelessPhy \ -channeltype Channel/WirelessChannel \ -topoinstance $topo \ -wiredrouting ON \ -agenttrace ON \ -routertrace ON \ -mactrace OFF 28

29 Wireless scenario with infrastructure create base-station node hier address to be used for wireless domain set temp { } ; set BS(0) [$ns node [lindex $temp 0]] $BS(0) random-motion 0 ; $BS(0) label BS provide some coordinate to base station node $BS(0) set X_ 1.0 $BS(0) set Y_ 2.0 $BS(0) set Z_

30 Wireless scenario with infrastructure configure for mobilenodes $ns node-config -wiredrouting OFF for {set j 0} {$j < $opt(nn)} {incr j} { set node($j) [ $ns node [lindex $temp \ [expr $j+1]] ] $node($j) base-station [AddrParams addr2id \ [$BS(0) node-addr]] $node($j) label mobile($j) } 30

31 Wireless scenario with infrastructure links between wired and BS nodes $ns duplex-link $W(0) $W(1) 5Mb 2ms DropTail $ns duplex-link $W(1) $BS(0) 5Mb 2ms DropTail $ns duplex-link-op $W(0) $W(1) orient down $ns duplex-link-op $W(1) $BS(0) orient left-down 31

32 Wireless scenario with infrastructure setup the first TCP connections set tcp1 [new Agent/TCP] $tcp1 set class_ 2 set sink1 [new Agent/TCPSink] $ns attach-agent $node_(0) $tcp1 $ns attach-agent $W(0) $sink1 $ns connect $tcp1 $sink1 set ftp1 [new Application/FTP] $ftp1 attach-agent $tcp1 $ns color 1 Blue $tcp1 set fid_ 1 $ns at $opt(ftp1-start) "$ftp1 start" 32

33 Wireless scenario with infrastructure Set the second TDP connection set tcp2 [new Agent/TCP] $tcp2 set class_ 2 set sink2 [new Agent/TCPSink] $ns attach-agent $W(1) $tcp2 $ns attach-agent $node(2) $sink2 $ns connect $tcp2 $sink2 set ftp2 [new Application/FTP] $ftp2 attach-agent $tcp2 $ns color 2 Red $tcp2 set fid_ 2 $ns at $opt(ftp2-start) "$ftp2 start" 33

34 Wireless scenario with infrastructure Node-movement The start-position and future destinations for a mobilenode may b set by using: $ns at $time $node setdest <x2> <y2> <speed> At $time sec, the node would start moving from its initial positio towards a destination (x2,y2) at the defined speed. set god_ [God instance] $ns at 50.0 "$node(2) setdest " $ns at 51.0 "$node(1) setdest " $ns at 33.0 "$node(0) setdest " $god_ set-dist $god_ set-dist $god_ set-dist

35 Wireless scenario with infrastructure... $node(2) set Z_ 0.0 $node(2) set Y_ 19 $node(2) set X_ 120 $node(1) set Z_ 0.0 $node(1) set Y_ 90 $node(1) set X_ 25 $node(0) set Z_ 0.0 $node(0) set Y_ 150 $node(0) set X_ 2 35

36 Wireless scenario with infrastructure Define initial node position in nam for {set i 0} {$i < $opt(nn)} {incr i} { $ns initial_node_pos $node($i) 10 } simulation end for {set i } {$i < $opt(nn) } {incr i} { $ns at $opt(stop).0 "$node($i) reset"; } $ns at $opt(stop).0 "$BS(0) reset"; $ns at $opt(stop).0002 "puts \"NS EXITING...\" ; $ns halt" $ns at $opt(stop).0001 "stop" 36

37 Wireless scenario with infrastructure END proc stop {} { global ns tracefd namtrace $ns flush-trace close $tracefd close $namtrace } puts "Starting Simulation..." $ns run 37