Types of Network Support for Service Quality p. 62 Capacity reservation p. 64 Differentiated treatment p. 65 Differentiation of service quality

Transcription

1 Preface p. xi Acknowledgements p. xv List of Figures p. xvii List of Tables p. xxi Abbreviations p. xxiii Drivers for the Adoption of Multi-service Networks p. 1 Customer Perspective p. 2 Network Operator Perspective p. 4 Service Provider Perspective p. 6 Summary p. 7 Service Quality Requirements p. 9 Services on the Internet p. 12 Definition of a Service p. 16 End user service versus provider-level services p. 18 About service instances and service events p. 20 Reference model for this section p. 22 Service Quality Estimation p. 23 Measures of end user experienced service quality p. 24 Recency effect p. 26 Psychological factors p. 27 Summary p. 28 Service Implementation Aspects p. 28 Choice of transport protocols p. 28 Throughput adaptability of services p. 29 Inherent Service Quality Requirements p. 30 Service quality characterizations in standards p. 30 Availability of service p. 33 Continuity of service p. 34 Delivery time end-to-end p. 35 Throughput p. 38 Support for continuous service data unit transmission p. 39 Reliability of service delivery p. 42 Support for variable transfer rate p. 44 Generic considerations related to service requirements p. 45 Service Quality Descriptors p. 47 Measurement-based determination of traffic profile p. 49 Summary p. 50 Network Mechanisms for Multi-service Quality Support p. 53 Introduction to Network Quality Support p. 54 Policing of Traffic at Ingress p. 58 About Layers p. 61

2 Types of Network Support for Service Quality p. 62 Capacity reservation p. 64 Differentiated treatment p. 65 Differentiation of service quality instantiation p. 67 Summary of generic network service quality support mechanisms p. 68 Service Support in ATM p. 69 ATM service models p. 70 Summary of ATM service support p. 70 Service Support Models in Internet Protocol p. 71 Best effort service model p. 72 Controlled-load service support p. 74 Guaranteed QoS support p. 75 RSVP p. 76 Statistical QoS: DiffServ model p. 77 EF PHB p. 79 AF PHB group p. 81 Other PHBs p. 81 Functions of a DiffServ router p. 82 Summary of DiffServ p. 83 Summary of IP QoS service models p. 83 Routing in IP Networks p. 85 On addressing p. 86 IP routing protocol-based methods p. 87 ATM overlays p. 88 Lower layer tunnels: MPLS p. 89 Link Layer Issues p. 90 Performance p. 92 A note on scheduling p. 93 Summary p. 94 Traffic Engineering for Multi-service IP Networks p. 97 Traffic Engineering p. 98 Context of traffic engineering p. 100 The traffic engineering process p. 102 Obtaining performance data from the network and analysing it p. 104 Traffic aggregate performance measurements p. 105 Obtaining data relevant for routing control p. 110 Performance enhancement p. 113 Scope of network optimization p. 116 IP Routing Control and Traffic Engineering p. 117 Optimizing routing based on service quality characteristics p. 119 Traffic engineering using MPLS p. 120

3 DiffServ over MPLS p. 121 Traffic engineering using IP routing protocols p. 123 Summary p. 124 Configuration p. 125 Policy-based management p. 126 Policy-based management of DiffServ p. 129 Case study of policy-based management of DiffServ p. 130 Summary p. 132 Mapping Service Requirements to Network Resources p. 133 Scope of this Chapter p. 135 ETSI EP TIPHON Reference Model p. 137 Architecture p. 137 QoS model p. 140 Summary p. 141 QBONE p. 142 Service support models p. 143 Summary p GPP QoS Model p. 145 QoS model p. 146 Summary p. 148 Other Models p. 148 Utility-based Allocation of Resources p. 149 Summary p. 152 Generic Resource Allocation Framework p. 152 Signalling p. 154 Mapping of services onto network resources p. 156 Network quality support configuration for DiffServ p. 160 End-to-end service quality budgets p. 163 Delay p. 164 Delay variation p. 168 Packet loss rate p. 171 Packet loss correlation p. 172 Throughput p. 173 Optimization of resource allocation p. 174 Summary p. 176 Service Level Management Techniques p. 179 Models for Service Level Management p. 179 Areas of service level management p. 180 Layers of service level management p. 181 Models for managed data p. 183 Service Planning and Creation Process p. 184

4 Interests of the customer p. 184 Network operator viewpoint p. 187 Service definition p. 188 Reporting p. 190 Service Level Agreements p. 191 SLA and DiffServ p. 193 SLA contents p. 196 End user SLAs p. 197 End-to-end Services p. 198 Assumptions about connection endpoints p. 200 Assumptions about per-domain service management p. 204 Requirements for end-to-end service management p. 206 Service Brokers and Charging p. 207 Summary p. 209 Measurements p. 211 Traffic Characterization p. 213 Network Monitoring p. 216 Troubleshooting measurements for services p. 217 Traffic Control p. 219 Definition of Measured Characteristics p. 220 Sources of Measurement Data p. 222 Measurement interfaces p. 222 Measured characteristics p. 223 Measurement Methods p. 225 Obtaining performance data from network elements p. 225 Monitoring a link p. 227 Monitoring a route or node pair p. 228 Traffic Engineering Measurement Infrastructure p. 230 Measuring entity p. 230 Interface to measuring entity p. 231 Measurement control and analysis function p. 232 Internet Service Quality Measurement Architectures p. 235 QBone measurement architecture p. 235 Discussion p. 241 Nokia Research Center measurement architecture demonstrator p. 241 Discussion p. 247 Summary p. 248 Mechanisms for Dynamic Service Quality Control p. 251 Previous Studies p. 254 Two-bit DiffServ architecture p. 255 Bandwidth broker in QBone architecture p. 256

5 Phase 0 Bandwidth Broker p. 259 Phase 1 Bandwidth Broker p. 259 QoS Agents p. 261 Generic Model p. 263 Service quality support instantiation control p. 265 Signalling interface p. 266 Internal bandwidth broker operation p. 267 Domain control p. 268 Link to traffic engineering p. 269 Means of maintaining information about resource availability p. 270 Inter-domain signalling p. 271 Link to service admission control p. 273 Summary p. 274 Case Study: Service Quality Support in an IP-based Cellular RAN p. 275 Motivation for Using IP-based Transport in Cellular RAN p. 276 IP RAN Transport Architecture p. 279 PLMN transport architecture p. 279 IP RAN transport architecture p. 281 Handover traffic p. 282 Service mapping in IP RAN p. 283 Traffic Engineering in All-IP RAN p. 285 Capacity planning p. 286 Capacity management p. 289 Traffic management p. 291 Enabling Technologies for Traffic Engineering in IP RAN p. 292 Policy-based management p. 292 Measurements p. 294 Inter-operation with IP-based Backbones and Roaming Networks p. 295 Summary p. 296 Conclusion p. 299 IP as the Convergence Network p. 300 DiffServ p. 301 Complementary technologies for DiffServ p. 302 Service Level Management p. 303 Traffic Engineering p. 304 Potential Future Development Directions p. 305 References p. 307 Index p. 323 Table of Contents provided by Blackwell's Book Services and R.R. Bowker. Used with permission.