Citrix XenServer The Secret Management Tool. Thomas Krampe, visionapp AG

Transcription

1 Citrix XenServer The Secret Management Tool Thomas Krampe, visionapp AG

2 Agenda The Secret Management Tool Troubleshooting Basics Usage Examples for... Troubleshooting Network Issues Troubleshooting Storage Issues Logfiles and Support

3 The unsecretive Management Tool ~]# Available by default Simple UI No Mouse needed All Operations supported Easy to learn Remote accessible Fast, very fast

4 Introduction Troubleshooting Basics Linux (Dom0 is CentOS Linux) Useful Linux Commands for Troubleshooting Useful xe Commands Logfiles an Support

5 Troubleshooting Basics Food for Thought

6 Troubleshooting Network Issues

7 Increased Performance NIC duplex and speed incompatibilities Network congestion Poor routing Bad cabling Electrical interference An overloaded server at the remote end of the connection Misconfigured Services (DNS / DHCP / Settings)

8 Lack of Connectivity Power failures The remote Server is shut down And all sources of slowness can become so severe that connectivity is lost

9 XenServer Networking Overview

10 Basic Linux Networking Commands - 1 ifconfig The ifconfig command without any arguments gives you all the active interfaces on your system. Interfaces will not appear if they are shut down.

11 Sample Output

12 Basic Linux Networking Commands - 2 brctl show The command brctl show shows all current instances of the ethernet bridge.

13 Sample Output

14 Basic Linux Networking Commands - 3 ethtool <interface> The ethtool command provides much more information about the physical Interfaces.

15 Sample Output

16 ethtool Statistics (filtered) Errors are a common symptom of slow connectivity due to poor configuration or excessive bandwidth utilization. Error rates in excess of 0.5% can result in noticeable sluggishness. ethtool S eth0 egrep '(_errors _collisions)'

17 Sample Output

18 Basic Linux Networking Commands - 4 netstat The netstat command is very versatile and can provide a limited report when used with the -i switch.

19 Sample Output

20 Basic Linux Networking Commands - 5 tcpdump The tcpdump command is one of the most popular packages for viewing the flow of packets through your physical NIC.

21 Useful Switches

22 Network Configuration /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-... File based configurations for each network device you may have on your system are located in this directory.

23 Important to know about Network Scripts

24 Network Script Sample

25 Interface Configuration To reconfigure a Network Interface Use XenCenter, or the xe pif-reconfigure-ip command

26 Don t forget the Basics ping telnet traceroute nslookup

27 More Information about Networking Understanding XenServer Networking - The Linux Perspective Understanding Network Interface Card Bonds in XenServer Introduction into XenServer Networking

28 Troubleshooting Storage Issues

29 XenServer Storage Objects Virtual Disk Images are a storage abstraction that is presented to a VM. Physical Block Devices represent the interface between a physical server and an attached SR. Virtual Block Devices are connector objects that allow mappings between VDIs and VMs.

30 XenServer Storage Objects Overview

31 Virtual Disk Formats File-based VHD VM images are stored as thin-provisioned VHD format files on either a local non-shared file system (EXT type SR) or a shared NFS target (NFS type SR).

32 Virtual Disk Formats LVM based The default XenServer block device-based storage inserts a Logical Volume manager on a disk. VDIs are represented as volumes within the Volume manager. Introduced LVHD in XenServer 5.5 Enhances LVM for SRs Hosts VHD files directly on LVM volumes Adds Advanced Storage features like Fast Cloning and Snapshots Fast and simple upgrade Backwards compatible

33 Virtual Disk Formats LUN per VDI LUNs are directly mapped to VMs as VDIs by SR types that provide an array-specific plug-in (NetApp, Equallogic or StorageLink type SRs). The array storage abstraction therefore matches the VDI storage abstraction for environments that manage storage provisioning at an array level.

34 Virtual Disk Data Formats XenServer 5.0 / 5.5 / 5.6 NFS / EXT3 Storage Repository Filesystem Storage Repository LUN XenServer 5.0 iscsi / FC Storage Repository LUN XenServer 5.5 / 5.6 iscsi / FC.VHD file.vhd file LVM Logical Volume LVM Logical Volume VHD header LVM Logical Volume VHD header LVM Logical Volume LVM Volume Group LVM Volume Group VM virtual disk

35 Basic Linux Storage Commands - 1 fdisk fdisk is a menu driven program for creation and manipulation of partition tables.

36 Sample Output # fdisk l # Lists the physical block devices on the host Disk /dev/cciss/c0d0: GB, bytes 255 heads, 32 sectors/track, cylinders Units = cylinders of 8160 * 512 = bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/cciss/c0d0p1 * Linux /dev/cciss/c0d0p Linux /dev/cciss/c0d0p Linux

37 Sample Output # fdisk l Disk /dev/sda: GB, bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, cylinders Units = cylinders of * 512 = bytes Disk /dev/sda doesn't contain a valid partition table

38 Basic Linux Storage Commands - 4 Monitoring XenServer Storage # iostat k # Reports basic I/O stats for devices and partitions avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle Device: tps kb_read/s kb_wrtn/s kb_read kb_wrtn cciss/c0d sda

39 Basic Linux Storage Commands - 5 Monitoring XenServer Storage # hdparm t /dev/<device> # Performs timed sequential reads /dev/cciss/c0d0: Timing buffered disk reads: 286 MB in 3.00 seconds = MB/sec Has some limitations: Does not measure non-sequential disk reads. Does not measure disk write speed May not be accurate with non-local storage devices since it is unaware of underlying bus architecture (iscsi, FC, etc.) Must be sampled repeatedly over time to get an accurate picture of I/O read performance.

40 Basic Linux Storage Commands - 6 Monitoring XenServer Storage # dd if=<infile> of=<outfile> # Simple, common block device copy utility # dd if=/dev/<device> of=/dev/null records in records out bytes (1.0 GB) copied, seconds, 73.9 MB/s WARNING: NEVER run dd specifying an active, running VHD as the outfile it WILL destroy the VM container making it unreadable!!

41 Storage Monitoring

42 More Information about Storage XenServer Storage Overview Introduction to Storage Technologieshttp://support.citrix.com/article/CTX Multipath Implementations in XenServerhttp://support.citrix.com/article/CTX121364

43 Logfiles and Support

44 XenServer Log Files XenServer XAPI Agent Logs can be sent to remote syslog daemon /var/log/messages - system /var/log/xensource.log XenServer only /var/log/xha.log HA logging Domain 0 Xen Boot Messages #xe host-dmesg Domain 0 Boot Messages #dmesg

45 XenServer Log Files License Server /opt/citrix/licensing/ls/logs on license server EVA Open vswitch /var/log/openvswitch/ovsdb-server.log /var/log/openvswitch/ovs-vswitchd.log /var/log/xensource.log output

46 XenServer Diagnostic xen-bugtool This is the most important command when submitting an XE Server problem report to Technical Support. It captures static and runtime state on a XenEnterprise Server, for use in diagnosing a reported problem. /var/opt/xen/bug-report/bug-report-xxx.tar.bz2

47 XenServer Log Files xen-bugtool Generates XE Server diagnostic file for submission to Technical Support Representative. xe host-bugreport-upload Runs xen-bugtool and uploads the result to Citrix support. xe host-bugtool Can be used to save Domain 0 state, to assist during emergency recovery

48 One more thing...

49 Multimedia telnet towel.blinkenlights.nl

50 What s New in XenServer? Adam Lotz, Product Management Lee Bushen, Technical Readiness Citrix XenServer

51 Cloud Desktop Enterprise Data Center

52 Cloud Enterprise Private Clouds Cloud-extended Data Centers Platform for IaaS and DaaS Embedded part of NetScaler SDX

53 Desktop Optimized platform for XenDesktop, XenApp Improved storage TCO (IntelliCache) HDX innovations for user experience

54 Enterprise Data Center Everything you need at a fraction of the cost

55 Shipping Now: XenServer 5.6 SP2 Full Support for XenDesktop 5 SP1 IntelliCache lowers the cost of storage for XenDesktop VDI Improved Support for Cisco UCS hardware Assorted bugfixes etc

56 XenServer Project Boston

57 Disclaimer: The development, release and timing of any features or functionality described for our products remains at our sole discretion and is subject to change without notice or consultation. The information provided is for informational purposes only and is not a commitment, promise or legal obligation to deliver any material, code or functionality and should not be relied upon in making purchasing decisions or incorporated into any contract.

58 Cloud Enhancements Self-Service Manager Distributed Virtual Switching 2.0 Virtual Appliance, OVF improvements V2V improvements for on-boarding Cloud Desktop Enterprise Data Center

59 Demo: Self-Service Manager

60 Optimized for XenDesktop GPU pass-thru support to guest For applications that execute GPU instructions (i.e. CAD) Enhanced scalability, TCO over traditional HDX 3D Pro Cloud Desktop Enterprise Data Center

61 Benefits of GPU-pass thru Without GPU pass-thru, each user requires their own Blade PC With GPU pass-thru, hardware costs are cut up to 75% XenServer Host

62 Microsoft System Center Integration Management of XenServer VMs via System Center VMM System Center Operations Manager (SCOM) pack for monitoring Cloud Desktop Enterprise Data Center

63 Demo: System Center VMM

64 Simplicity Integrated Site Recovery; not dependent on StorageLink Integrated StorageLink no requirement for Windows VM Linux-based Virtual Appliance for Workload Balancing Cloud Desktop Enterprise Data Center

65 Demo: Integrated Site Recovery

66 Network Architecture Open vswitch as default network stack Enhanced distributed virtual switching Enhanced performance on 10Gbps networks Line-speed networking via enhanced SR-IOV Cloud Desktop Enterprise Data Center

67 Distributed Virtual Switch Visibility Resource control Isolation Security VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM Hypervisor Hypervisor Hypervisor Rich layer 2 feature set Default networking stack for Boston release Linux bridging stack available as post-install configuration

68 Demo: Distributed Virtual Switch

69 Other Enhancements, Improvements Xen 4.1 hypervisor Rolling pool upgrade wizard Broader guest OS support HA support with NFS NIC bonding improvements Increased support for vcpu (16) and vram (128 GB) 1 TB host RAM support

70 The Right Platform For Desktop, Cloud, Datacenter Open Proven Robust High-Performance Broad OS and ecosystem support Cost Effective

71 Boston Beta Master Class 15 th June :00pm BST

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