Module 3. Wide Area Networking (WAN)
|
|
- Nelson Sims
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Module 3 Wide Area Networking (WAN) When many nodes or LAN s are connected together in a large scale, we have a WAN. This may be world wide. Because of the separation of the nodes, the Public Data Network (PDN) is used. There are two main approaches to the problem. Packet switching Circuit switching CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 1
2 Packet switching Use Packet Switched PDN (PSPDN) Data is assembled into a packet and addressed to destination Packet is sent to Packet Switching Exchange (PSE) Packet is transmitted to destination via PSPDN Connection is purely logical not physical Nodes may have different data rates etc. Two services are provided Datagram: Like sending letter. One packet is addressed and sent at a time with each packet being independent of the others. Virtual call: Like a phone call. When many packets are to be sent to the same address a virtual circuit is established. CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 2
3 Circuit switching Use Circuit Switched PDN (CSPDN) Physical connection is established by CSE Nodes must all obey standard rates etc. CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 3
4 Packet switched Networks Whole system based around the DTE to PSDN connection. The original protocol used was X.25. Now see variations, eg Frame Relay etc. Look at X.25 (CCITT): Interface between DTE and Data Circuit-Terminating Equipment (DCE) for terminals operation in the Packet mode on Public Data Networks X.25 referred to OSI s first three layers CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 4
5 Packet switched Networks X.25 addresses the interface between user s equipment (DTE) and the network. DTE comprises a computer, modem or line interfaces X.25 provide a standard for accessing the WAN CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 5
6 X.25 s Physical Layer X.25 physical layer specifies the interface between the DTE and DCE, such as physical and electrical characteristics of the media, the types of connectors, etc. It references the X.21 interface standard. Support RS-232C CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 6
7 X.25 s Link Access Layer X.25 layer 2 is defined by the Link Access Protocol-Balanced (LAPB) It provides link access specifications for Frame composition Flow-control procedures Error-checking method CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 7
8 X.25 s Packet Layer X.25 packet layer specifies a virtual circuit service for transporting packets across the packet-switched network Two services: Permanent virtual circuit Virtual call CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 8
9 Circuit Switched Networks This type of connection is concerned only with the X.21 protocol which is used from end to end over a physical connection. Call set up, data transfer and call clearing is handled by this protocol. HDLC is used once again. CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 9
10 Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) ISDN was conceived as a way to combine many of our communication needs into a system using the same standard techniques for each service. The common usage of digitised analogue waveform paved the way for ISDN. E. g., telephone cables carrying time division multiplexed digitised speech, ie, Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) This concept has been brought right back to the subscribers premises. If all information out of a subscribers premises could be put into a standard form, the it could be neatly packaged together and piped to its destination. CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 10
11 ISDN (Cont d) ISDN could supply a path for Telephone Fax Computer/Terminal connection Fire alarm Video phone HiFi music Video images Appliance control Meter reading LAN access. Let s look at the adopted standard CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 11
12 ISDN Channel Types (basic rate interface) ISDN uses bearer or B channels for transmitting data, and a signaling or D channel for transmitting signaling and control information B Channel 64kbps Digital voice, computer data(text and Graphics), digitised video D Channel -- 16kbps Signaling, or packet switched user data such as telemetry, meter reading (low speed) CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 12
13 ISDN Channel Types A normal subscribers premises will be given a Basic Service 2 B channels 1 D channel 48 bits of overhead for framing and synchronisation Total 192 kbps Normally shielded pair to premises Premises may convert to a shielded 4 wire bus CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 13
14 ISDN Channel Types A B channel connection may be Circuit switched Data is sent over B channels Call setup and control on D channel Packet switched X.25 connection Semi-permanent Fixed connection to another user What used to be leased line The first anticipated utilisation of the B channel was the telephone (history has shown the internet has changed this) 4kHz speech BW Sampled at 8kHz 8 bits per sample (256 levels) 8k 8=64kbps same as PCM used now CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 14
15 ISDN Channel Types (primary rate interface) BRI is for home and small office, PRI is for organisations. ISDN Device B Channel 64 kbps B Channel 64 kbps. B Channel 64 kbps D Channel 64 kbps D Channel 64 kbps Data and Voice Data and Voice U.S. = 23 Europe = 30 Data and Voice Signaling U.S. = 1 Signaling Europe = 2 North American DS-1 format: Rate: 1.544Mbps 23B + D European E-1 format: Rate: 2.048Mbps 30B + 2D CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 15
16 How does the user obtain access to the system The Network Terminating Equipment (NTE) supplied will have a number of access points. CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 16
17 How is control of the channels performed All control procedures are performed on the D channel, A B channel will then be assigned to a device, thus no contention will occur. Contention may occur on the D channel as all of the devices may try to access this channel. Before transmitting, a device must listen for a long string of consecutive 1 s (idle channel). When busy, 0 s are inserted into long 1 strings. Collision may still occur so a protocol similar to CSMA is adopted. CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 17
18 Connection overview The interface protocol is broken into 2 planes C-plane Control and signalling (D channel) U-plane User, voice & data (B channel) The amount of intelligence required in the NTE depends on the type of connection. C frame complexity is the same for all connections but U frame alters. CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 18
19 (a) Circuit switched CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 19
20 (a) Frame relay/frame switching CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 20
21 (a) Packet switching X.25 CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 21
22 With X.25, multiplexing of multiple virtual circuits is handled by the packet layer and the link layer handles only error correction. This makes these combined layers complex which limits the throughput. With frame relay, multiplexing and routing are done at the link layer. This simplifies the protocol which allows greater throughput. Using this technique many calls may be in progress ar any time. Each virtual connection is allocated an identifier whichi is included in the header. CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 22
23 Example connection digital telephone call Circuit mode connection control CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 23
24 ISDN Fax At present our FAX system operates predominantly around the Group 3standard. This allows up to 9600bps of modulated data over a PSTN line. This group will transmit a page in approximately 30 secs Group 4 FAX is intended for ISDN usage and is purely a digital system operating at 64kbps. The source is encoded with Huffman codes Resolution is 200dpi with options for 240, 300 and 400 dpi. These are laser printer type resolutions. Group 4 can send a page in approximate 3-4 secs. CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 24
25 Broadband ISDN (B-ISDN) Data hungry users require more and more bps for many applications To serve this need a faster service called B-ISDN was introduced. Ordinary ISDN is now often called Narrowband ISDN (N-ISDN) Services are broken into two types, Interactive and Distributive. CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 25
26 B-ISDN Interactive Conversational: Real time services such as telephone calls, video telephony etc. Messaging: Non real time services such as voic , data mail, video mail etc. Retrieval: Services requiring action from both end, eg. Retrieving video from a videotex provider. Distributive Services from providers to subscribers issuing a request. User control: Service where subscriber needs to enable acceptance of service eg. Pay TV where programs are sent in defined time slots. No user control: Data is supplied at providers discretion without control of subscriber, eg. TV broadcast to premises. CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 26
27 B-ISDN (Physical Specifications) Typically 3 types of service are available Symmetrical Mbps: For businesses requiring normal traffic in and out including video where a N-ISDN service in not suitable Mbps/ Mbps: For businesses requiring access to multiple services but who are not service providers. Symmetrical Mbps: For businesses who provide and receive services. Reference points for B-ISDN are similar to those for N-ISDN B-ISDN is the basis for ATM CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 27
28 Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) This is a further advancement over X.25 and frame relay especially designed for very high speed network segments. It is commonly used for high capacity backbones. Because of the way it operates, it is commonly called Cell Relay Like frame relay and X.25, data is sent in packets. The fundamental difference is that ATM uses fixed size packets called cells, which contains exactly 53bytes 48 bytes for user data and 5 bytes for overhead. This allows ATM switches to operate very quickly. A common implementation is 155 Mbps ATM over SONET (Synchronous Optical Network) ATM is often implemented on various physical layers SONET, FDDI, 155 MB fibre ATM does not map neatly into the ISO reference. CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 28
29 ATM End nodes communicate with an ATM device via a userto-network interface (UNI) ATM devices communicate with each other via a network-to-network interface (NNI). CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 29
30 ATM-- example of how ATM facilitates multiservice networking ATM is the only network that was built from the ground up to support data, voice, and video at the same time. Therefore, an ATM network can be used for almost any type of network environment in use today and in the future. CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 30
31 ATM Protocol Architecture? Use Plan Control plane -- Info exchange, and flow and error control. -- Control and connection functions Management plane -- Management functions to provide coordination between layers. CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 31
32 ATM Protocol Architecture The AAL is required to provide interface to transfer protocols that don t support fixed cell size transfer. ATM uses Virtual Channel Connections (VCC) and Virtual Path Connections (VPC) VCC -- Link a virtual circuit in X.25. The data is transferred over this circuit in fixed size cells at a variable rate. VPC -- VPCs are a bundle of VCCs that go between the same source and destination. This allows ATM to operate faster as it may switch all the cells together. CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 32
33 ATM VPC Use of VPCs gives Network simplification can switch paths or connections Improved performance switching paths is quicker Improved connection setup and processing times -- new connections can be added to paths very quickly Improved network services users can define structure of connections and paths. CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 33
34 ATM cells User-network interface CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 34
35 ATM AAL The AAL is the layer which takes care of translating from another protocol to the fixed cells required by ATM. Historically there have been a number of AAL types developed AAL1 AAL2 AAL3/4 AAL5 AAL5 is now the version of choice for LANs and most other applications. The AAL is divided into 2 sub-layers Common Part Convergence Sublayer (CPCS) -- Talk to applications requiring the AAL Segmentation And Reassembly sublayer (SAR) Performs the breakup and assembly of frames to 48 octet cells and vice versa. A protocol data unit (PDU) is passed to the CPCS. Certain functions may be performed here before passing this CPCS-PDU to the SAR. The SAR breaks the CPCS-PDU into SAR-PDUs each of 48 octets which fit into an ATM cell CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 35
36 ATM SAR CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 36
37 ATM advantages ATM advantages Uses fixed length cells Gives much higher throughput Short cells have less chance of error Usually single bits errors (networks are now quite reliable) CRC can repair cells Cells can be handled mainly by hardware (ATM switches) Network protocol does not rely on retransmission Less work for network and more for nodes Can interface to most higher level protocols and most physical layers At present ATM is expected to be increasing in popularity throughout the world network. CNN: Lecture Notes Module 3 Computer Comm. & Networking 37
A typical WAN structure includes the following components.
CBCN4103 WAN is a computer network that spans a relatively large geographical area. Typically, a WAN consists of two or more LANs. A WAN is a network usually provided by a specialised company called a
More informationIntegrated services Digital Network
Integrated services Digital Network 1 Integrated Services Digital Network Public networks are used for a variety of services Public Switched Telephone Network Private Lines (leased) Packet Switched Data
More informationPPP. Point-to-Point Protocol
PPP Point-to-Point Protocol 1 Introduction One of the most common types of WAN connection is the point-to-point connection. Point-to-point connections are used to connect LANs to service provider WANs,
More informationBandwidth-on-Demand up to very high speeds. Variety of physical layers using optical fibre, copper, wireless. 3BA33 D.Lewis
Broadband ISDN 3BA33 David Lewis 3BA33 D.Lewis 2007 1 B-ISDN Model has 3 planes User Control Management 3BA33 D.Lewis 2007 3 Broadband ISDN Was Expected to be the Universal Network of the future Takes
More informationTELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS By Syed Bakhtawar Shah Abid Lecturer in Computer Science 1 INTEGRATED SERVICES DIGITAL NETWORKS (ISDN) The original concept of ISDN dates back to the early 1970s. Its design,
More informationLecture 22 Overview. Last Lecture. This Lecture. Next Lecture. Internet Applications. ADSL, ATM Source: chapter 14
Last Lecture Lecture 22 Overview Internet Applications This Lecture ADSL, ATM Source: chapter 14 Next Lecture Wireless Networking Source: chapter 15 COSC244 & TELE202 Lecture 22 - ADSL, ATM 1 Modem Enable
More informationCh. 4 - WAN, Wide Area Networks
1 X.25 - access 2 X.25 - connection 3 X.25 - packet format 4 X.25 - pros and cons 5 Frame Relay 6 Frame Relay - access 7 Frame Relay - frame format 8 Frame Relay - addressing 9 Frame Relay - access rate
More informationWAN technology which are to be discussed:
WAN Technology Operates at 3 layer OSI model as below: 1. PHY 2. Data Link 3. Network Most of WAN technology are packetswitched network categorized as Switched Virtual circuit Network ( 3-phase, connection
More informationATM. Asynchronous Transfer Mode. (and some SDH) (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy)
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode (and some SDH) (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) Why use ATM? Circuit switched connections: After initial setup no processing in network nodes Fixed bit rates, fixed time delay
More informationCHAPTER -1. Introduction to Computer Networks
CHAPTER -1 Introduction to Computer Networks PRELIMINARY DEFINITIONS computer network :: [Tanenbaum] a collection of autonomous computers interconnected by a single technology. communications network ::a
More informationIntegrated Services Digital Network
CHAPTER 12 Chapter Goals Explain what ISDN is. Describe ISDN devices and how they operate. Describe the specifications for ISDN data transmittal for the three layers at which ISDN transmits. Introduction
More informationCommunication Networks
Communication Networks Chapter 3 Multiplexing Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) Useful bandwidth of medium exceeds required bandwidth of channel Each signal is modulated to a different carrier frequency
More informationATM. Asynchronous Transfer Mode. these slides are based on USP ATM slides from Tereza Carvalho. ATM Networks Outline
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode these slides are based on USP ATM slides from Tereza Carvalho 1 ATM Networks Outline ATM technology designed as a support for ISDN Definitions: STM and ATM Standardization
More informationWAN Technologies (to interconnect IP routers) Mario Baldi
WAN Technologies (to interconnect IP routers) Mario Baldi www.baldi.info WAN_Technologies - 1 Copyright: see page 2 Copyright Notice This set of transparencies, hereinafter referred to as slides, is protected
More informationWAN Technologies CCNA 4
WAN Technologies CCNA 4 Overview Note: Most of this will be described in more detail in later chapters. Differentiate between a LAN and WAN Identify the devices used in a WAN List WAN standards Describe
More informationDigiPoints Volume 1. Leader Guide. Module 12 Asynchronous Transfer Mode. Summary. Outcomes. Objectives. Prerequisites
Asynchronous Transfer Mode Page 12.i DigiPoints Volume 1 Module 12 Asynchronous Transfer Mode Summary This last module of, covers ATM, and provides an end-to-end data communications model that draws on
More information06/02/ Metropolitan Area Networks. Local & Metropolitan Area Networks. 0. Overview. 1. Internetworking ACOE322. Lecture 4
1 Local & Metropolitan Area Networks ACOE322 Lecture 4 Metropolitan Area Networks Dr. L. Christofi 1 0. Overview In this section the following topics will be covered: 1. Internetworking devices 2. Wide
More informationISDN principles. By: Ogah, Oshoriamhe Frederick Instructor: Prof. Werner Henkel Course: Wireline Communications Date: November 30, 2004
ISDN principles By: Ogah, Oshoriamhe Frederick Instructor: Prof. Werner Henkel Course: Wireline Communications Date: November 30, 2004 Introduction ISDN = Integrated Services Digital Network ISDN is more
More informationInternetworking Part 1
CMPE 344 Computer Networks Spring 2012 Internetworking Part 1 Reading: Peterson and Davie, 3.1 22/03/2012 1 Not all networks are directly connected Limit to how many hosts can be attached Point-to-point:
More informationCell Switching (ATM) Commonly transmitted over SONET other physical layers possible. Variable vs Fixed-Length Packets
Cell Switching (ATM) Connection-oriented packet-switched network Used in both WAN and LAN settings Signaling (connection setup) Protocol: Q2931 Specified by ATM forum Packets are called cells 5-byte header
More informationNetwork Devices,Frame Relay and X.25
Network Devices,Frame Relay and X.25 Hardware/Networking Devices: Networking hardware may also be known as network equipment computer networking devices. Network Interface Card (NIC): NIC provides a physical
More informationChapter 10. Circuits Switching and Packet Switching 10-1
Chapter 10 Circuits Switching and Packet Switching 10-1 Content Switched communication networks Circuit switching networks Circuit-switching concepts Packet-switching principles X.25 (mentioned but not
More informationProtocol Architecture (diag) Computer Networks. ATM Connection Relationships. ATM Logical Connections
168 430 Computer Networks Chapter 11 Asynchronous Transfer Mode Protocol Architecture Similarities between ATM and packet switching Transfer of data in discrete chunks Multiple logical connections over
More informationATM Logical Connections: VCC. ATM Logical Connections: VPC
ATM Logical Connections: VCC Logical Connections in ATM are referred to as virtual channel connections (VCCs). Virtual channel (VC) is a generic term used to describe unidirectional transport of ATM cells
More informationWilliam Stallings Data and Computer Communications 7 th Edition. Chapter 11 Asynchronous Transfer Mode
William Stallings Data and Computer Communications 7 th Edition Chapter 11 Asynchronous Transfer Mode Protocol Architecture Similarities between ATM and packet switching Transfer of data in discrete chunks
More informationAsynchronous Transfer Mode
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode CS420/520 Axel Krings Page 1 Protocol Architecture (diag) CS420/520 Axel Krings Page 2 1 Reference Model Planes User plane Provides for user information transfer Control
More informationComputer Facilities and Network Management BUS3150 Tutorial - Week 13
Computer Facilities and Network Management BUS3150 Tutorial - Week 13 *** FOR TUTORS ONLY *** The answers provided here are only brief guides. If you have any comments or suggestions for improvement to
More informationPacket Switching. Hongwei Zhang Nature seems to reach her ends by long circuitous routes.
Problem: not all networks are directly connected Limitations of directly connected networks: limit on the number of hosts supportable limit on the geographic span of the network Packet Switching Hongwei
More informationvoice-enabling.book Page 72 Friday, August 23, :19 AM
voice-enabling.book Page 72 Friday, August 23, 2002 11:19 AM voice-enabling.book Page 73 Friday, August 23, 2002 11:19 AM C H A P T E R 4 Offering Bundled and Data Services Chapter 2, VoIP Network Architectures:
More informationA T M. Cell Switched Technology. not SMDS. Defacto Standard Multimedia capable Use with SONET or SDH. Fixed Length - 53 bytes. DigiPoints Volume 1
A T M Cell Switched Technology Fixed Length - 53 bytes not SMDS Defacto Standard Multimedia capable Use with SONET or SDH SCTE VA 12.1 SONET Optical Carrier (OC) Rates and SDH Synchronous Transport Module
More informationIntroducing ISDN ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) User-Network Interface (UNI),
ISDN and DDR CCNA 4 Note to instructors If you have downloaded this presentation from the Cisco Networking Academy Community FTP Center, this may not be my latest version of this PowerPoint. For the latest
More informationIntroduction to Information Technology Turban, Rainer and Potter John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Copyright 2005
Introduction to Information Technology Turban, Rainer and Potter John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Copyright 2005 Network and Telecommunications Basics Chapter Outline The telecommunications system Network services
More informationNetworks 15.2 Multiplexing Technologies Access Networks 15.5 Common Peripheral Interfaces
Chapter 15 Computer and Multimedia Networks 15.11 Basics of Computer and Multimedia Networks 15.2 Multiplexing Technologies 15.3 LAN and WAN 15.4 Access Networks 15.5 Common Peripheral Interfaces 15.6
More informationPacket Switching - Asynchronous Transfer Mode. Introduction. Areas for Discussion. 3.3 Cell Switching (ATM) ATM - Introduction
Areas for Discussion Packet Switching - Asynchronous Transfer Mode 3.3 Cell Switching (ATM) Introduction Cells Joseph Spring School of Computer Science BSc - Computer Network Protocols & Arch s Based on
More informationDigital Communication Networks
Digital Communication Networks MIT PROFESSIONAL INSTITUTE, 6.20s July 25-29, 2005 Professor Muriel Medard, MIT Professor, MIT Slide 1 Digital Communication Networks Introduction Slide 2 Course syllabus
More informationBROADBAND AND HIGH SPEED NETWORKS
BROADBAND AND HIGH SEED NETWORKS LAYERS The function and associated information of the planes is as follows: The reference model is composed of the following planes: Control lane manages the call and connection.
More informationWireless Networks. Communication Networks
Wireless Networks Communication Networks Types of Communication Networks Traditional Traditional local area network (LAN) Traditional wide area network (WAN) Higher-speed High-speed local area network
More informationM242 COMPUTER NETWORS AND SECURITY
M242 COMPUTER NETWORS AND SECURITY 2.1. Network Models: UNIT - II OSI MODEL AND LAN PROTOCOLS 1. Explain Network model A network is a combination of hardware and software that sends data from one location
More informationNetworks 15.2 Multiplexing Technologies Access Networks 15.5 Common Peripheral Interfaces
Chapter 15 Computer and Multimedia Networks 15.11 Basics of Computer and Multimedia Networks 15.2 Multiplexing Technologies 15.3 LAN and WAN 15.4 Access Networks 15.5 Common Peripheral Interfaces 15.6
More informationSwitched Multimegabit Data Service
CHAPTER 14 Chapter Goals Tell how SMDS works, and describe its components. Describe the operational elements of the SMDS environment, and outline its underlying protocol. Discuss related technologies.
More information! Cell streams relating to different media types are multiplexed together on a statistical basis for transmission and switching.
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Networks! All source media is first broken down into a stream of fixed sized units known as cells.! Cell streams relating to different media types are multiplexed together
More informationSwitched Multimegabit Data Service (SMDS)
CHAPTER 14 Switched Multimegabit Data Service (SMDS) Background Switched Multimegabit Data Service (SMDS) is a high-speed, packet-switched, datagram-based WAN networking technology used for communication
More information1997, Scott F. Midkiff 1
Welcome to! Loooooooooooooooots of acronyms! By Scott Midkiff ECpE/CS 5516, VPI Spring 1997 (modified by Marc Abrams for Spring 1998) A lot of what s in came from the phone and ing worlds, not the LAN
More informationPacket Switching Techniques
Packet Switching Techniques 188lecture3.ppt Pasi Lassila 1 Problem Aim: Build larger networks connecting more users also spanning different network technologies Shared media networks limited number of
More informationMaster Course Computer Networks IN2097
Chair for Network Architectures and Services Prof. Carle Department of Computer Science TU München Master Course Computer Networks IN2097 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Georg Carle Christian Grothoff, Ph.D. Stephan Günther
More informationBROADBAND AND HIGH SPEED NETWORKS
BROADBAND AND HIGH SPEED NETWORKS INTRODUCTION ATM stands for Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM is a flexible high bandwidth, low delay network technology that is: Capable of handling voice, video and data
More informationRouting Strategies. Fixed Routing. Fixed Flooding Random Adaptive
Routing Strategies Fixed Flooding Random Adaptive Fixed Routing Single permanent route for each source to destination pair Determine routes using a least cost algorithm Route fixed, at least until a change
More informationNetwork management and QoS provisioning - revise. When someone have to share the same resources is possible to consider two particular problems:
Revise notes Multiplexing & Multiple Access When someone have to share the same resources is possible to consider two particular problems:. multiplexing;. multiple access. The first one is a centralized
More informationTCOM 370 NOTES 99-1 NETWORKING AND COMMUNICATIONS
TCOM 370 NOTES 99-1 NETWORKING AND COMMUNICATIONS Communication Networks Allow Exchange of Information between Users telephone network for voice communication interconnected computers and peripherals,
More informationPart 5: Link Layer Technologies. CSE 3461: Introduction to Computer Networking Reading: Chapter 5, Kurose and Ross
Part 5: Link Layer Technologies CSE 3461: Introduction to Computer Networking Reading: Chapter 5, Kurose and Ross 1 Outline PPP ATM X.25 Frame Relay 2 Point to Point Data Link Control One sender, one receiver,
More informationSample. Overview of WAN Connections. Objectives. Module 1
Module 1 Objectives This module introduces the basic elements of WAN connections and describes the role each element plays in creating that connection. After completing this module, you should be able
More informationLecture 15: Multiplexing (2)
Lecture 15: Multiplexing (2) Last Lecture Multiplexing (1) Source: chapter 8 This Lecture Multiplexing (2) Source: chapter8 Next Lecture Circuit switching (1) Source: chapter9 Digital Carrier Systems Hierarchy
More informationChapter 15 Computer and Multimedia Networks
Chapter 15 Computer and Multimedia Networks 15.1 Basics of Computer and Multimedia Networks 15.2 Multiplexing Technologies 15.3 LAN and WAN 15.4 Access Networks 15.5 Common Peripheral Interfaces 15.6 Further
More informationLecture (08) Fundamentals of WANs (II)
Agenda Lecture (08) Fundamentals of WANs (II) OSI Layer 2 of WANs ATM & SONET WAN Dr. Ahmed M. ElShafee ١ ٢ OSI Layer 2 of WANs OSI Layer 2 of WANs (2) WAN protocols used on point to point serial links
More informationModule 10 Frame Relay and ATM
Module 10 Frame Relay and ATM Lesson 35 ATM: Virtual Path, Virtual Channel. ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL) 10.3.1 VIRTUAL PATH AND VIRTUAL CHANNEL Connection between two endpoints is accomplished through virtual
More informationModule 11 Narrowband and Broadband ISDN
Module 11 Narrowband and Broadband ISDN Lesson 37 ISDN: Reference Points, Services And Standards OBJECTIVE General This lesson is continued on giving the reader the concept and definition of Integrated
More informationData Networks. Lecture 1: Introduction. September 4, 2008
Data Networks Lecture 1: Introduction September 4, 2008 Slide 1 Learning Objectives Fundamental aspects of network Design and Analysis: Architecture: layering, topology design, switching mechanisms Protocols:
More informationVoIP Dictionary, Glossary and Terminology
VoIP Dictionary, Glossary and Terminology The following provides a glossary of terms and definitions that are commonly used in VoIP Solutions. We hope this will provide a good reference for you during
More informationBackbone network technologies. T Jouni Karvo, Timo Kiravuo
Backbone network technologies T-110.300 Jouni Karvo, Timo Kiravuo Backbone network technologies This lecture tells about backbone networks After this lecture, you should know WDM, PDH, SDH and ATM understand
More informationBROADBAND AND HIGH SPEED NETWORKS
BROADBAND AND HIGH SPEED NETWORKS SYNCHRONOUS OPTICAL NETWORK (SONET) Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) is a standard for optical telecommunications transport. SONET defines optical carrier (OC) levels
More informationCh. 5 - ISDN - Integrated Services Digital Network
Ch. 5 - ISDN - Integrated Services Digital Network 1 Overview 2 Basic elements in ISDN 3 ISDN - access 4 ISDN - the bus 5 ISDN - examples 6 ISDN - between LAN s 7 ISDN - access to Internet 8 ISDN - small
More informationLecture #25: Networks and Communications. Communication and Networks. What will we learn?
Lecture #25: Networks and Communications Communication and Networks What will we learn? How a communications system works What a network is What networks used for What network operating systems do What
More informationBackbone network technologies. T Jouni Karvo, Timo Kiravuo
Backbone network technologies T-110.300 Jouni Karvo, Timo Kiravuo Backbone network technologies This lecture tells about landline backbone networks After this lecture, you should know WDM, PDH, SDH and
More informationEmpirical Analysis of Clustered Network Traffic over Digital Communication Channels
Empirical Analysis of Clustered Network Traffic over Digital Communication Channels Vincent O. Nyangaresi, S. Ogara, S. Abeka School Of Informatics and Innovative Systems, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University
More informationNETWORK PARADIGMS. Bandwidth (Mbps) ATM LANS Gigabit Ethernet ATM. Voice, Image, Video, Data. Fast Ethernet FDDI SMDS (DQDB)
1. INTRODUCTION NETWORK PARADIGMS Bandwidth (Mbps) 1000 ATM LANS Gigabit Ethernet ATM 100 10 Fast Ethernet FDDI SMDS (DQDB) Voice, Image, Video, Data 1 Ethernet/ Token Ring/ Token Bus Frame Relay X.25
More informationIntegrating Euro-ISDN with ATM Technology : Interworking Mechanisms and Services Support
Integrating Euro-ISDN with ATM Technology : Interworking Mechanisms and Services Support L. Mandalos [1], K. Leonidou [2], C. Andreopoulos [3], J. Drakos [4], S. Koubias [5], G. Papadopoulos [6] [1] Research
More informationVoice And Telephony over ATM: Status
Voice And Telephony over ATM: Status Columbus, OH 43210 Jain@CIS.Ohio-State.Edu http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/~jain/ March 1998 1 Overview VTOA: Protocol Stack and Services AAL: AAL1, AAL5, New AAL2 Interworking
More informationATM Technology in Detail. Objectives. Presentation Outline
ATM Technology in Detail Professor Richard Harris Objectives You should be able to: Discuss the ATM protocol stack Identify the different layers and their purpose Explain the ATM Adaptation Layer Discuss
More informationWilliam Stallings Data and Computer Communications 7 th Edition. Chapter 10 Circuit Switching and Packet Switching
William Stallings Data and Computer Communications 7 th Edition Chapter 10 Circuit Switching and Packet Switching Switching Networks Long distance transmission is typically done over a network of switched
More informationIntroduction to Network Technologies & Layered Architecture BUPT/QMUL
Introduction to Network Technologies & Layered Architecture BUPT/QMUL 2015-3-5 Review What is the Internet? How does it work? When & how did it come about? Who controls it? Where is it going? 2 Agenda
More informationWide Area Networks (WANs) Slide Set 6
Wide Area Networks (WANs) Slide Set 6 Wide Area Networks (WANs) WAN Purposes Link sites (usually) within the same corporation Remote access for individuals who are off-site Internet access for individuals
More informationLecture 1 Overview - Data Communications, Data Networks, and the Internet
DATA AND COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS Lecture 1 Overview - Data Communications, Data Networks, and the Internet Mei Yang Based on Lecture slides by William Stallings 1 OUTLINE Data Communications and Networking
More informationEthernet Switches (more)
Ethernet Switches layer 2 (frame) forwarding, filtering using LAN addresses Switching: A-to-B and A - to-b simultaneously, no collisions large number of interfaces often: individual hosts, star-connected
More informationSRM ARTS AND SCIENCE COLLEGE SRM NAGAR, KATTANKULATHUR
SRM ARTS AND SCIENCE COLLEGE SRM NAGAR, KATTANKULATHUR 603203 DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS QUESTION BANK (2017-2018) Course / Branch : BCA Semester /Year : EVEN / III Subject Name : Data
More informationOutline: Connecting Many Computers
Outline: Connecting Many Computers Last lecture: sending data between two computers This lecture: link-level network protocols (from last lecture) sending data among many computers 1 Review: A simple point-to-point
More informationComputer Networks
15-441 Computer s Lecture 3 Professor Hui Zhang Wean Hall 7126 hzhang@cs.cmu.edu 1 Review of Lecture 1 How long does it take to move 1GB data from campus to your home? 56Kbps modem 2Mbps DSL Other possibilities?
More informationAsynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) ATM concepts
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is a switching technique for telecommunication networks. It uses asynchronous time-division multiplexing,[1][2] and it encodes data into
More informationIntroduction to WAN Technologies
Introduction to WAN Technologies From DocWiki This article introduces the various protocols and technologies used in wide-area network (WAN) environments. Topics summarized here include point-to-point
More informationABSTRACT. that it avoids the tolls charged by ordinary telephone service
ABSTRACT VoIP (voice over IP - that is, voice delivered using the Internet Protocol) is a term used in IP telephony for a set of facilities for managing the delivery of voice information using the Internet
More informationEEG453 Multimedia systems Dr. Mohab Mangoud University of Bahrain. Lecture # (3) Communication networks
EEG453 Multimedia systems Dr. Mohab Mangoud University of Bahrain Lecture # (3) Introduction to Multimedia Communication networks Elements of Multimedia Systems Two key communication modes Person-to-person
More informationLocal Area Networks (LANs) SMU CSE 5344 /
Local Area Networks (LANs) SMU CSE 5344 / 7344 1 LAN/MAN Technology Factors Topology Transmission Medium Medium Access Control Techniques SMU CSE 5344 / 7344 2 Topologies Topology: the shape of a communication
More informationHWP2 Application level query routing HWP1 Each peer knows about every other beacon B1 B3
HWP2 Application level query routing HWP1 Each peer knows about every other beacon B2 B1 B3 B4 B5 B6 11-Feb-02 Computer Networks 1 HWP2 Query routing searchget(searchkey, hopcount) Rget(host, port, key)
More informationAsynchronous. nous Transfer Mode. Networks: ATM 1
Asynchronous nous Transfer Mode (ATM) Networks: ATM 1 Issues Driving LAN Changes Traffic Integration Voice, video and data traffic Multimedia became the buzz word One-way batch Two-way batch One-way interactive
More informationCircuit Switching and Packet Switching
Chapter 10: Circuit Switching and Packet Switching CS420/520 Axel Krings Page 1 Switching Networks Long distance transmission is typically done over a network of switched nodes Nodes not concerned with
More informationMA Yan, BUPTCC, ~16 BUPT Information Network Center LAN LAN. Transmission system
LAN LAN Transmission system 1 Campus 1 2 Office 3 Office 2 Office 1 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 1 3 ... 4 Local Loop End Office Trunks End Office End Office End Office Tandem Office LD
More informationATM networks. C. Pham Université de Pau et des Pays de l Adour LIUPPA Laboratory
ATM networks C. Pham Université de Pau et des Pays de l Adour LIUPPA Laboratory http://www.univ-pau.fr/~cpham Congduc.Pham@univ-pau.fr Issues Driving LAN Changes Traffic Integration Voice, video and data
More informationBROADBAND AND HIGH SPEED NETWORKS
BROADBAND AND HIGH SPEED NETWORKS INTRODUCTION TO DATA COMMUNICATION NETWORKS Data communications are the exchange of data between two devices via some form of transmission medium such as a wire cable.
More informationPRACTICES FNC Guide to ATM GUIDE TO ATM CROSS PRODUCT DOCUMENTATION ISSUE 1, JANUARY 2002 FUJITSU NETWORK COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
PRACTICES GUIDE TO ATM CROSS PRODUCT DOCUMENTATION ISSUE 1, JANUARY 2002 FUJITSU NETWORK COMMUNICATIONS, INC. Copyrights, Trademarks, and Disclaimers All products or services mentioned in this document
More informationIntroduction to Wireless Networking ECE 401WN Spring 2008
Introduction to Wireless Networking ECE 401WN Spring 2008 Lecture 2: Communication Networks The first major topic we will study will be WLANs. But before that, we need to consider a few basics of networking.
More informationCOMPUTER NETWORK Model Test Paper
Model Test Paper Question no. 1 is compulsory. Attempt all parts. Q1. Each question carries equal marks. (5*5 marks) A) Difference between Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol.
More informationSession 3 Networks I
15.561 Information Technology Essentials Session 3 Networks I Copyright 2005 Thomas Malone, Chris Dellarocas, Stuart Madnick Acknowledgments: Slides marked SM are adapted from Stuart Madnick, MIT. Slides
More informationDatenkommunikation SS L04 - Network Principles
Network Principles Circuit Switching, Introduction ISDN Packet Switching, Datagram versus Virtual Call Introduction X.25, FR and ATM, OSI Model Agenda Introduction Circuit Switching Principles ISDN Packet
More informationReminder: Datalink Functions Computer Networking. Datalink Architectures
Reminder: Datalink Functions 15-441 15 441 15-641 Computer Networking Lecture 5 Media Access Control Peter Steenkiste Fall 2015 www.cs.cmu.edu/~prs/15-441-f15 Framing: encapsulating a network layer datagram
More informationModule 10 Frame Relay and ATM
Module 10 Frame Relay and ATM Lesson 34 ATM: Concepts And Header 10.2.1 INTRODUCTION IP has a varying packet size which causes no problem while multiplexing but makes switching difficult. ATM uses a fixed
More informationData & Computer Communication
Basic Networking Concepts A network is a system of computers and other devices (such as printers and modems) that are connected in such a way that they can exchange data. A bridge is a device that connects
More informationPhysical Layer. Medium Access Links and Protocols. Point-to-Point protocols. Modems: Signaling. Modems Signaling. Srinidhi Varadarajan
P Physical Layer Srinidhi Varadarajan Medium Access Links and Protocols Three types of links : point-to-point (single wire, e.g. PPP, SLIP) broadcast (shared wire or medium; e.g, Ethernet, Wavelan, etc.)
More informationFrame Relay. Frame Relay Information 1 of 18
Frame Relay Information 1 of 18 This document was retrieved from the Web and has been been edited by Thomas Jerry Scott for use in his TCP/IP network classes. Chapter Goals Describe the history of Frame
More informationCommunication Networks
Communication Networks Chapter 7 Connection Oriented Packet Data Networks Communication Networks - 7. Connection Oriented PDNs 236 Overview 1. Fundamentals of Connection-Oriented Packet Switching 2. X.25
More informationData and Computer Communications Chapter 1 Data Communications, Data Networks, and the Internet
Data and Computer Communications Chapter 1 Data Communications, Data Networks, and the Internet Ninth Edition by William Stallings Data and Computer Communications, Ninth Edition by William Stallings,
More informationLecture (07) Fundamentals of WANs (I)
Lecture (07) Fundamentals of WANs (I) Dr. Ahmed M. ElShafee ١ Agenda What is WAN? What is MAN? OSI layer1 of WANs Circuit switching services Packet Switching Services ٢ What is WAN? LAN standards and protocols
More information