ITU / BDT Regional Network Planning Workshop with Tool Case Studies for the Arab Region

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1 ITU / BDT Regional Network Planning Workshop with Tool Case Studies for the Arab Region Cairo - Egypt, July 2006 Network Architectures for Planning and Technological alternatives. NGN: What and How Oscar González Soto ITU Consultant Expert Strategic Planning and Assessment July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 1 Content Modeling of the network by layers and segments for planning purposes Technology solutions for Access and Core architectures NGN: What and how July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 2

2 Network Modeling High complexity of the whole Network requires a modeling and splitting in subnetworks to facilitate analysis and design. By Layers in a vertical dimension following the client-server relation (one layer is supported in the layer below and provides resources for the layer up). Physical, Transmission, Switching, etc. By Segments or splitting of the end to end communication into subareas as customer premises, access, core national, core international By Technologies or underlying technique as PDH, SDH, PSTN, ATM, IP, NGN, GSM, 3G, WiMAX, etc... Network Planning follows the same splitting or partitioning to allow treatment of the problems and adaptation to associated July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 3 Topologies Meshed (direct connection among nodes) Fully (for all network nodes) Partial (with limited connectivity) Ring Single, Multiple, Folded Star Tree Linear Combined July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 4

3 Access Network: Wireline Typical Access Network structure: (classical) <40 km mean value ~1,7 km mean value ~300 m (50 % <1,2km, 90 % <3,7 km) (50 % <200 m, 90 % <500 m) main cable branching cables. FDF. drop line. MDF FDF. NTBA ISDN basic rate Regional Exchange Local Exchange MDF FDF Main Distribution Frame Feeder Distribution Frame Subscriber Distribution Frame drop line. July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 5 Access Network: Wireline Evolution: FTTx Typical Access Network evolution towards BB and Convergence Local: ~ 40 km Distribution: mean value ~1,7 km Drop: mean value ~300 m FO branching cables. DLC. drop line. LEX/GW Optical Interface DLC drop line.. NTBA LEX GW MDF DLC FO Local Exchange Gateway Main Distribution Frame Digital Loop Carrier Subscriber Distribution Frame Fiber Optic DLC July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 6

SU: Subscriber Unit SU-RT: Subscriber Unit Outdoor Unit SU-NI: Subscriber Unit Indoor Unit BS: Base Station AU: Access Unit AU-RE: Radio Front-end MGW: Media Gateway POC: Point of Concentration POP:

4 Access Network: x.wip 10 BaseT Z Point-to-multipoint 10 BaseT Mux E3 SDH / ATM/ IP Transport SDH/ IP Aggregation Other Networks PSTN/ISDN IP Internet ACCESS EDGE BS traffic CORE BAS (ATM/SDH) or IP MGW Border router SU: Subscriber Unit SU-RT: Subscriber Unit Outdoor Unit SU-NI: Subscriber Unit Indoor Unit BS: Base Station AU: Access Unit AU-RE: Radio Front-end MGW: Media Gateway POC: Point of Concentration POP: Point of presence POI: Point of Interconnection BAS: Broadband Access Server Note: The current Network description shows the ATM approach (BAS is needed). A fully IP scenario is also feasible (BAS is not needed) July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 7 Access Network: HFC Analog/Digital broadcasting VoD TV PC Set Top Box Cable Modem MTA Amplifiers & Taps Coax Access Network FN 400 Homes / Fiber Node TV TV Hub Head-end FIBER RING (Redundant) Hub CMTS Gateway IN Controlled IP Network V5.2 E1 Voice Circuit Switch Internet PSTN MTA: Multimedia Terminal Adapter FN: Fiber Node CMTS: Cable Modem Termination System VoD: Video on Demand IN: Intelligent Network July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 8

5 Access Network: xdsl ISAM TV PC Set Top Box xdsl Modem Copper Local Loop < d km * Splitter MDF MDF DSLAM ATM BAS Controlled IP Network IP mode network Voice Circuit Switch * Bandwidth/distances per solution ADSL: up to 4/8 Mbps/800 kbps d <= 3/1,5 km ADSL plus: up to4/ 8 Mbps/800 kbps d <= 4.5/2,1 km SHDSL: up to 2.3 Mbps symmetric d <= 1.8 km VDSL: up to 52 Mbps Assym/ 26 Mbps Sym d <= 300m (In all cases, higher distances imply less bitrate following bandwidth shape curve) SS7 IN PSTN MDF: Main Distribution Frame DSLAM: Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer IN: Intelligent Network BAS: Broadband Access Server July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 9 Access Network : Multiservice Nodes Any network Regional Ring/Network Ethernet Residential Internet ISAM Business Central Office Residential dispersed Business Area PDH DLC Nx2Mb/s (optical or HDSL) PDH DLC Residential STM-1/STM-4 Access Ring POP SDH Hub SDH DLC LL Business Residential ISDN/4xE1/STM-1 ISDN/4xE1/STM-1 Business Park STM-1 BAM Multitenant DLC:Digital Loop Carrier July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 10

6 Access Network : FTTU Central Office or Fiber Passive Outside Remote Terminal Distribution Plant MS 20 km P-OLT 1490nm Splitters 1310nm H-ONT V-OLT 1550nm FTTU:Fiber to the User ONT: Optical Network Termination OLT: Optical Line Termination July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 11 : Technological alternatives at core Scenario A Circuit based Scenario B Packet based Dark Fiber Managed Lambda Bandwidth Multiservice ATM/FR/IP ATM VPN, IP VPN Ethernet ptp Internet Gbit access IP VPN LAN to LAN connection ATM/FR IP SDH Optical switching DWDM equipment Optical fiber GigE,10/100BT Ficon,Escon, Fibre Ch.. Physical Infrastructure IP Routing Ethernet GigE July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 12

7 Multi-Layering in Transport: Introduction of WDM Services Layer Delivery of services to end users DXC SDH/SONET Layer High-speed protection and restoration Time division multiplexing Time slot grooming WDM WDM fiber O WDM WDM fiber OXC WDM fiber O O Optical Layer Wavelength division multiplexing High-level protection and restoration Dynamic transport reconfiguration O for linear links OXC for mesh networks O for ring networks July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 13 : Evolution towards NGN NGN concept A multi-service network able to support voice, data and video A network with a control plane (signaling, control) separated from the transport/switching plane A network with open interfaces between transport, control and applications A network using packet technology ( IP) to transport of all kind of information A network with guaranteed QoS for different traffic types and SLAs July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 14

8 : Evolution towards NGN NGN layers Legacy Network Signaling/Service Legacy Network Media Network Independent Services July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 15 : Evolution towards NGN NGN : Why Flexibility for service building and offering Expectation of cost reductions by sharing infrastructure and systems Simplification of O&M, thus lowering OPEX. Use of open interfaces leads for: - quick deployment of services and applications - new services (third parties) July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 16

9 Modeling issues for NGN and 3G New models to represent multiservice flows New dimensioning methods for resources handling multimedia services with QoS New measurement procedures for aggregated multiservice traffics New multicriteria dimensioning for 3G and xg combining coverage by frequency, service speed and data traffic capacity Which procedures to ensure interoperability and end-to-end performance across multiple domains? Which units to define dimensioning and costing units for interconnection? July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 17 QoS and Performance Issues Quality of Service (QoS) domains to be modeled, defined and/or extended for NGN and 3G. Measured in waiting time and/or loss probabilities Domains for QoS evaluation: - Service accessibility: capability to access a service - Connection establishment: Capability to get connection - Information transfer: Quality of information delivery - Reliability: Failure probability - Availability: Probability of system being active - Survivability: Capability to provide service in abnormal conditions - Security: Information and systems protection level - Qualitative: Intelligibility, audibility, visualization... of information content as derived from user perception (MOS) July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 18

10 Traffic flow types for QoS based dimensioning T1) QoS constant stream: bandwidth transmission at a constant speed with a specified delivery and jitter (ie: video distribution) T2) QoS variable stream : bandwidth transmission at a variable speed derived from a user information and coding algorithm which requires guaranteed quality and specified jitter (ie: VoIP, Video streaming, audio streaming, etc.) T3) QoS elastic: bandwidth transmission at a variable speed without jitter restrictions and asynchronous delivery (ie: browsing, file transfer, mail, UMS, etc.) July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 19 Traffic units for aggregated flows Proposal of NGN units in multiservice networks/interfaces for demand/dimensioning/costing : Equivalent Sustained Bit Rate (ESBR) or aggregated equivalent rates for same QoS category flows efficiently carried in a common reference busy period (ie. 5 minutes) Computed as weighted average for the services at QoS category (i) and customer classes (j) at each network element: i j ESBR ij July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 20

11 Network Architecture and NGN Existing networks and architecture NMC SCP IN SS7 LEX/TEX TDM LEX PCM RSU POTS ISDN Mob NAS Data ATM/IP MUX/DSLAM HDSL/XDSL 5 different network types to handle telecom services TDM for fixed and mobile networks working in circuit mode with end to end reserved paths SS7 and IN network working with message switching mode Data network working with leased lines and packet mode with different and conventional IP protocols July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 21 Network Architecture and NGN Existing networks and architecture NATIONAL LAYER REGIONAL LAYER LEX LAYER RU LAYER customers LAYER TRANSIT NETWORK Hierarchical topology with 4 to 5 layers, connectivity to the upper next layer and within each layer as a function of economical optimization Number of nodes as a function of O/D traffic and nodes capacity Service handling for media, signaling and control at all exchange nodes Carrier grade quality with well defined QoS criteria and standardized engineering rules July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 22

12 Network Architecture and NGN Architecture migration: Topology What changes from current scenario towards target network? SCP SS7 POTS LEX/TEX LEX RSU NMC PCM IN ISDN TDM Mob NAS Data ATM/IP MUX/DSLAM HDSL/XDSL Control Transport/Media Access gateway Distributed Switching Other Networks July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 23 DSL OSS Access gateway Wireless gateway Softswitch Packet Network IP/MPLS/CAC Services Trunk gateway Access gateway DLC Unified IMS/TISPAN Model for Mobile and Fixed Concept: Application of 3GPP s IMS architecture and protocol extensions for fixed networks Key actors: Operators ETSI, TISPAN, VASA, ITU-T Equipment vendors Timeline: What is IMS? Why IMS? ETSI NGN Globalisation Group, with launch mid 2004 Rational for mobile networks Deliver person-to-person real-time IPbased multimedia communications Person-to-person, person-tomachine Fully integrate real-time with non-realtime multimedia communications. i.e., live streaming and chat Enable different services and applications to interact Easy user setup of multiple services in a single session, or multiple synchronized sessions Operators have better control of service value chain End-to-end QoS July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 24

Simplified IMS/TISPAN Architecture Third Party Applications Application Server Application Layer MRF OSP OMP HSS Call & Session Control Control Layer Serving-CSCF & PSTN Emulation Proxy-CSCF IBCF

13 Simplified IMS/TISPAN Architecture Third Party Applications Application Server Application Layer MRF OSP OMP HSS Call & Session Control Control Layer Serving-CSCF & PSTN Emulation Proxy-CSCF IBCF AGCF MGCF Media Layer GGSN SGSN A-BGF I-BGF AGW MGF Transport & Access Layer 3G/2.5G BB Access (SIP) Other IP/SIP PSTN (C5) PSTN (C4) PLMN July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 25 Network Architectures Smooth Smooth migration and migration NGN to NGN to NGN Evolution towards NGN Current end to end architecture IN Data Mux SSP Multiservice Node RSP RCP DS Subscriber unit Customers PSTN Class 5 PSTN Class 4 Access Edge Internatinal Core Core July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 26

14 : Evolution towards NGN Target end to end architecture for NGN Softswitch AGW Multiservice node NGER Associated TK GW NGCR MM Subscriber unit Optical Access Core Edge International Core Customers July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 27 Network Architecture towards NGN Architecture Evolution: Topology Topological changes impact on infrastructure and are slower to implement than technology substitution Less network nodes and links due to the higher capacity of systems (one order of magnitude). Same capillarity at access level due to identical customer location Topological connectivity higher for high capacity nodes and paths for security High protection level and diversity paths/sources in all high capacity systems, both at functional and physical levels July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 28

15 : Cost drivers and trends Network physical infrastructure as a function of location and density (costs proportion around 70% in the access segment) Volume of customers per category Bandwidth demand per origin/destination Packet processing rates for control related functions Variety of applications/services and related platforms Content storage and location within the network Leasing of physical or communication resources Fundamental importance of economies of scale by volume and convergence at network resources, service platforms and OSS July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 29 : Cost drivers and trends Cost trends for NGN Cost reduction in CAPEX due to technological economy of scale by larger capacities Similar values for costs in the physical civil infrastructure OPEX in NGN trends to be lower due to the integrated operation and maintenance Plan higher investments in security/survivability with diversity paths and protection for large capacity systems Check and validate correct cost modelling with fixed and variable components as a function of economy of scale July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 30

16 Summary Remarks Multiservice flows impose a set of requirements on models and tools for NGN and 3G. Interoperability and interconnection require special effort to players and planners to ensure end-to-end performance High number of new technologies and capabilities reinforce the need of solution mapping for each country scenario Complexity of converged networks require the use of high quality support tools July 2006 ITU/BDT - O.G.S. slide 31

Network Architecture Migration towards NGN

ITU-APT Workshop on NGN Planning 16 17 March 2007, Bangkok, Thailand Network Architecture Migration towards NGN Oscar González Soto ITU Consultant Expert Strategic Planning and Assessment March 2007 ITU/BDT