Things You Should Know

Transcription

1 Extracted from: Things You Should Know A Peek at Computer Electronics This PDF file contains pages extracted from Things You Should Know, published by the Pragmatic Bookshelf. For more information or to purchase a paperback or PDF copy, please visit Note: This extract contains some colored text (particularly in code listing). This is available only in online versions of the books. The printed versions are black and white. Pagination might vary between the online and printer versions; the content is otherwise identical. Copyright 2007The Pragmatic Programmers, LLC. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior consent of the publisher.

2 The Things You Should Know Series This series is a little different from our usual books. The Things You Should Know series highlights interesting topics in technology and science that you should know about. Maybe you took these courses in school, and promptly forgot about them. Or maybe you ve always been curious but never had the opportunity to learn more. Now you can. With these titles, you can quickly become familiar with (or remind yourself of) an interesting topic area. We hope it gives you something to talk about at the next cocktail party, or brown-bag lunch at work, or user s group meeting. It might even further inspire you to delve into the topic more deeply. In either case, we sincerely hope you enjoy the show. Thanks, Andy Hunt

3 Contents 1 Introduction The disclaimer Notation Organization Part I Electronic Fundamentals 14 2 Basic Electricity What is electricity? Conductors and Insulators Understanding Current Flow Making use of electricity Electrical Components Electrical Power Some History AC versus DC And the winner is AC Power Fundamentals AC Power Distribution What is Ground? AC Power Safety Taking Measurements Making Waves Electrical Waves Analog and Digital

4 CONTENTS 8 5 The Power Supply Rectification Switching Power Supply Bus Voltages Power Consumption Power Management Part II Microprocessor Technology 99 6 Semiconductors Electrons through a Vacuum Semiconductors Doping The PN Junction P-N Bias Transistors The History The use of transistors Bipolar Junction Transistor Field Effect Transistor The Use of Transistor Transistor Logic CMOS Transistor circuits The Processor The history of the processor Processor Fundamentals Processor Packaging Processor Cooling CLICK HERE to purchase this book now.

5 CONTENTS 9 9 The Motherboard Circuit Connections Bus Types RAM System Clock BIOS Other Devices Part III Peripheral Technology Data Storage Hard Disk Drives Optical Disk Drives Flash Drives Networking Modems Local Area Networks The OSI Model Cabling Ethernet External Devices Display Devices Input Devices Connections Wireless Wireless Fundamentals Wireless Fundamentals Wireless Technologies A The Low Level 218 A.1 The Atomic Level A.2 Elementary Education A.3 Materials and Bonding A.4 Just a little spark A.5 Electric Fields A.6 Magnetism A.7 Sources of Electricity CLICK HERE to purchase this book now.