years of Satellite Ground Systems

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1 years of Satellite Ground Systems Laurent MONTOYA, Patrick PLECZON 27 February by Airbus Defence and Space. Published by The Aerospace Corporation with permission.

2 fiction Lets recapitulate 40 years of satellites control & mission ground systems! Automatic and autonomous in orbit services Fully autonomous mega constellations and inter connected systems 2 27 February 2018 JMortonPhoto.com & OtoGodfrey.com Smart applications with direct space access and tasking by anyone, anywhere

3 Back to February 2018

4 1998: start of the journey Already modern ground systems: GUIs, automation, demanding processing, multi satellites Develop almost everything by ourselves Long development times C++ Closed source & expensive COTS UNIX: Solaris, HP UX, Dec Ultrix Standalone servers & workstations «Bare metal» installations Complex obsolescence management Private networks Limited external communications C++ Gurus OS Gurus 4 27 February 2018

5 : the Internet and open source revolution Major market evolutions with internet, mobile satellite phones, GPS More end user oriented: communications, cartography Demand changes and increases New needs, new end users First shift in development approaches 5 27 February 2018

1998-2008: the Internet and open source revolution Less coding More code reuse & integration

Source Upgrade GUIs in Java Develop new systems in Java Decisional tools Private networks +

6 : the Internet and open source revolution Less coding More code reuse & integration LINUX Virtualized servers Blade servers Ad hoc redundancy management Waterfall model Open Source Upgrade GUIs in Java Develop new systems in Java Decisional tools Private networks + INTERNET + VPN Very few systems interconnections FOSS specialist Virtualization Security 6 27 February 2018

7 : the massive processing and automation age Growing systems complexity Cloud Computing becomes a key enabler Deep learning is operational Public Cloud used operationally Cyber security 7 27 February 2018

2008-2018: the massive processing and automation age Deep Learning on ground Lift and Shift cloud migration Web technologies, Web standards, light clients Open Source AI Hyper converged hardware

8 : the massive processing and automation age Deep Learning on ground Lift and Shift cloud migration Web technologies, Web standards, light clients Open Source AI Hyper converged hardware Infrastructure/Platform as a Service Containers, Cloud Virtualization layers based redundancy Public Cloud based services Data as a Service Automated testing Agile methods Web Data analysts Machine learning 8 27 February 2018

2018-2028: The data age Increased data rates, data volumes, data diversity Space

integrity, system resilience Multi layered systems: satellites, Unmanned Aerial

processing Complex systems overall operations optimisation Automatic tasking and

9 : The data age Increased data rates, data volumes, data diversity Space Data Highways, Optical communications Increased importance of safety, security, data integrity, system resilience Multi layered systems: satellites, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and High Altitude Pseudo Satellites Reactive systems, Complex on board processing Complex systems overall operations optimisation Automatic tasking and information extraction New human system interactions (e.g. cognitive assistant) 9 27 February 2018

2018-2028: The data age Software Defined Everything Cloud optimized

Collaborative & crowd processing Data labelling AI layer

Deployment flexibility Continuous delivery Software as a Service

10 : The data age Software Defined Everything Cloud optimized applications Micro services Machine designed algorithms Collaborative & crowd processing Data labelling AI layer configuration Edge computing Hybrid Cloud Cloud based redundancy Deployment flexibility Continuous delivery Software as a Service Systems interconnection AI / Deep Learning Federated Cloud Cyber security February 2018

2028-2038: the smart autonomy age Autonomous smart

collaboration Internet of satellites: permanent

of satellites New types of operations Data explosion

generation Highly interconnected and federated multi

11 : the smart autonomy age Autonomous smart systems: On board/on ground intelligent agents collaboration Internet of satellites: permanent connection to ground, standardisation Amazing number of satellites New types of operations Data explosion Smart data selection and reactive information generation Highly interconnected and federated multi layers systems Direct system interactions with final users February 2018

2028-2038: the smart autonomy age Machine decided algorithms Quantum computing (NP complete problems solved quickly with full optimization) Problem description Task oriented programming

12 : the smart autonomy age Machine decided algorithms Quantum computing (NP complete problems solved quickly with full optimization) Problem description Task oriented programming Space Ground network convergence Highly abstracted and adaptative shared infrastructures AI blocks understanding, selection, assembly & validation Autonomy specialists February 2018

13 Conclusion the facts and the trends In 40 years, several revolutions in technologies, systems architecture, development approach, number of satellites, volume of data to handle, operations Ground processing is a precursor of what is done next on-board but always, even with future growing on-board autonomy & intelligence, the Ground Systems directly fosters systems performances and attractiveness It is the key node of the system, to provide smart access to space resources, connect with other systems and extract added-value information for smart decisions making February 2018

14 Conclusion the facts and the trends Connected systems Shared Infra. Services delivery Connected systems Operations effort On-site infrastructure Safety, Security, Resilience Shared Infra. Operations effort On-site infrastructure Safety, Security, Resilience Services delivery Devpt agility Devpt agility February 2018

15 Thank you Contacts: by Airbus Defence and Space. Published by The Aerospace Corporation with permission All trademarks, service marks, and trade names are the property of their respective owners

Where is satellite going to move the day after tomorrow? Tomaso de Cola, DLR

DLR.de Chart 1 Where is satellite going to move the day after tomorrow? Tomaso de Cola, DLR Visions for Future Communications Summit 23 rd -24 th October 2017, Lisbon, Portugal DLR.de Chart 2 Background