PHP Development - Introduction

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Ferdinand Scott
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1 PHP Development - Introduction

2 Php Hypertext Processor PHP stands for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor PHP is a server-side scripting language, like ASP PHP scripts are executed on the server PHP supports many databases (MySQL, Informix, Oracle, Sybase, Solid, PostgreSQL, Generic ODBC, etc.) PHP is an open source software

3 Php Hypertext Processor

4 Php Hypertext Processor

5 Php Hypertext Processor

6 Php Hypertext Processor Taken from Udemy.com

7 Php Hypertext Processor Taken from Udemy.com

8 Php Hypertext Processor PHP files can contain text, HTML tags and scripts PHP files are returned to the browser as plain HTML PHP files have a file extension of ".php (most common), ".php3", or ".phtml"

9 Php Scripts Php script starts with <?php Ends with?> Php script can be placed anywhere in document File ends in.php Each instruction must end with a semicolon ; Semicolon acts as a separator between instructions

10 Hello World <html> <head> </head> <body> <?php echo "Hello World!";?> </body> </html>

11 Hello World <html> <head> </head> <body> Hello World! </body> </html>

12 Comments Comments help make code more readable/understandable Beneficial for third party to understand code Ignored by compiler Use // to create a single line comment Use /*.. */ to create a multiple line comment

13 Comments <html> <body> <?php //This is a comment /* This is a comment block */?> </body> </html>

14 Outputting Strings The echo() function outputs one or more strings The print() function can also be used echo() is faster than print() <?php echo "This text spans multiple lines.";?> This text spans multiple lines.

15 Outputting Strings <?php $str = "What s my name?"; echo $str; echo "<br />"; echo $str."<br />I don't know!";?> What s my name? What s my name? I don't know!

16 PHP Development MySQL Dr. Mark Hughes

17 Why Databases Some examples of PHP and MySQL being used together are: Banner Rotation. On this site, where each banner is, a PHP script is called. This opens a database and picks a random banner from it to show the visitor. Forums. Hundreds of forums (message boards) on the internet are run using PHP and MySQL. Databases. One quite obvious example is sites which get all there information from a database. Websites. If you have a large website and you want to change the design it can take a very long time to update and upload all the pages. With PHP and MySQL your whole website could be just one or two PHP scripts.

18 Creating Databases

19 Creating Databases

20 Retrieve all users from Shenyang Retrieve all users from Dublin who are under 30 Retrieve all users who have a username that begins with j Retrieve all users that have a yahoo address Print out users under 30 by order of their age

21 Phpmyadmin Access Denied Issue Go to C:\wamp\apps\phpmyadmin3.5.1 Open file called config.inc.php Change lines $cfg['servers'][$i]['user'] = ''; $cfg['servers'][$i]['password'] = To username and password of mysql installed on local machine

22 Connecting to Databases Before you can access data in a database, you must create a connection to the database. In PHP, this is done with the mysql_connect() function. Syntax mysql_connect(servername,username,password);

23 Connecting to Databases Parameter Description servername username Optional. Specifies the server to connect to. Default value is "localhost:3306" Optional. Specifies the username to log in with. Default value is the name of the user that owns the server process password Optional. Specifies the password to log in with. Default is ""

24 Connecting to Databases <?php $con = mysql_connect("localhost", username", password") ; if (!$con) { die('could not connect: '. mysql_error()); } // some code?>

25 Closing a connection <?php $con = mysql_connect("localhost", username", password") ; if (!$con) { die('could not connect: '. mysql_error()); } // some code mysql_close($con);?>

26 Database Connection <?php $db_hostname = localhost ; $db_database = mydatabase ; $db_username = username $db_password = password ;?> <?php require_once login.php ; $database = mysql_connect($db_hostname, $db_username, $db_password);..?>

27 Creating Databases The CREATE DATABASE statement is used to create a database in MySQL. Syntax CREATE DATABASE database_name Can be executed in three ways: Phpmyadmin MySQL command line Php Code

28 Creating Databases <?php $con = mysql_connect("localhost", username", password"); if (!$con) { die('could not connect: '. mysql_error()); } if (mysql_query("create DATABASE my_db",$con)) { echo "Database created"; } else { echo "Error creating database: ". mysql_error(); } mysql_close($con);?>

29 Creating Databases The CREATE TABLE statement is used to create a table in MySQL. Syntax CREATE TABLE table_name ( column_name1 data_type, column_name2 data_type, column_name3 data_type,... )

30 Creating Databases <?php $con = mysql_connect("localhost", username", password"); if (!$con) { die('could not connect: '. mysql_error()); } // Create database if (mysql_query("create DATABASE my_db",$con)) { echo "Database created"; } else { echo "Error creating database: ". mysql_error(); } // Create table mysql_select_db("my_db", $con); $sql = "CREATE TABLE Persons ( FirstName varchar(15), LastName varchar(15), Age int )"; // Execute query mysql_query($sql,$con); mysql_close($con);?>

31 Creating Databases The INSERT INTO statement is used to add new records to a database table. Syntax It is possible to write the INSERT INTO statement in two forms. The first form doesn't specify the column names where the data will be inserted, only their values: INSERT INTO table_name VALUES (value1, value2, value3,...) The second form specifies both the column names and the values to be inserted: INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, column3,...) VALUES (value1, value2, value3,...)

32 Inserting into Databases <?php $con = mysql_connect("localhost", username", passw ord"); if (!$con) { die('could not connect: '. mysql_error()); } mysql_select_db("my_db", $con); mysql_query("insert INTO Users (FirstName, LastName, ) VALUES ( James', Murphy', james.murphy@yahoo.com )"); mysql_close($con);?>

33 Database Querying $query="select * FROM contacts"; $result=mysql_query($query); In this case the whole contents of the database is now contained in a special array with the name $result. Before you can output this data you must change each piece into a separate variable. There are two stages to this.

34 Database Querying <?php // Make a MySQL Connection mysql_connect("localhost", "admin", "1admin") or die(mysql_error()); mysql_select_db("test") or die(mysql_error()); // Retrieve all the data from the "example" table $result = mysql_query("select * FROM example") or die(mysql_error()); // store the record of the "example" table into $row $row = mysql_fetch_array( $result ); // Print out the contents of the entry echo "Name: ".$row['name']; echo " Age: ".$row['age'];?>

35 Database Querying '$row = mysql_fetch_array( $result ); mysql_fetch_array returns the first row in a MySQL Resource in the form of an associative array. $result is now a MySQL Resource containing data from your MySQL table, "example". Data is being stored in $result, but it is not yet visible to visitors of your website. When we pass $result into the mysql_fetch_array function -- mysql_fetch_array($result) -- an associative array (name, age) is returned.

36 Database Querying '$row = mysql_fetch_array( $result ); In a MySQL table "example," there are two fields : name and age. These names are the keys to extracting the data from our associative array. To get the name we use $row['name'] and to get the age we use $row['age']. PHP is case sensitive when you reference MySQL column names, so be sure to use capitalization in your PHP code that matches the MySQL column names!

37 Database Querying <?php // Make a MySQL Connection $query = "SELECT * FROM example"; $result = mysql_query($query) or die(mysql_error()); while($row = mysql_fetch_array($result)){ echo $row['name']. " - ". $row['age']; echo "<br />"; }?>

38 Database Querying <?php // Make a MySQL Connection $query = "SELECT * FROM example"; $result = mysql_query($query) or die(mysql_error()); $no_of_rows = mysql_num_rows($result); For(int $i = 0; $i < $no_of_rows; $i++) { $row = mysql_fetch_array($result); // process rows here }?>

39 MySQLi

40 MySQL Extensions Object Oriented Extensions to MySQL functionality Recommended approach to use Original procedural approach no longer being maintained $db = new mysqli('localhost', 'user', 'pass', 'demo'); if($db->connect_errno > 0) { die('unable to connect to database ['. $db- >connect_error. ']'); }

41 MySQL Extensions $query = "SELECT * FROM `users` WHERE `status`='bonkers'"; $result = $db->query($query) if($result->num_rows > 0) { while($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) { echo stripslashes($row['username']); } } else { echo 'NO RESULTS'; } // CLOSE CONNECTION $db->c

42 MySQL Extensions (Create Table) <?php // connect to the MySQL server $conn = new mysqli('localhost', 'root', 'pass', 'tests'); // check connection if (mysqli_connect_errno()) { exit('connect failed: '. mysqli_connect_error()); } // sql query for CREATE TABLE $sql = "CREATE TABLE `users` ( `id` INT(6) UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, `name` VARCHAR(25) NOT NULL, `pass` VARCHAR(18) NOT NULL, ` ` VARCHAR(45), `reg_date` TIMESTAMP ) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci"; // Performs the $sql query on the server to create the table if ($conn->query($sql) === TRUE) { echo 'Table "users" successfully created'; } else { echo 'Error: '. $conn->error; } $conn->close();?>

43 MySQL Extensions (Insert Statement) <?php // connect to the "tests" database $conn = new mysqli('localhost', 'root', 'pass', 'tests'); // check connection if (mysqli_connect_errno()) { exit('connect failed: '. mysqli_connect_error()); } // sql query for INSERT INTO users $sql = "INSERT INTO `users` (`name`, `pass`, ` `) VALUES ('Marius', 'faith', 'name@domain.net')"; // Performs the $sql query on the server to insert the values If ($conn->query($sql) === TRUE) { echo 'users entry saved successfully'; } else { echo 'Error: '. $conn->error; } $conn->close();?>

44 MySQL Extensions

What is MySQL? [Document provides the fundamental operations of PHP-MySQL connectivity]

What is MySQL? [Document provides the fundamental operations of PHP-MySQL connectivity] MySQL is a database. A database defines a structure for storing information. In a database, there are tables. Just