An introduction for the novice. David Lawrence, JLab. 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 1/36

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1 An introduction for the novice David Lawrence, JLab 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 1/36

2 What is a Database? Store information(data) in a reliable, accessible way Allow access to data over a network to multiple users Provide easy way to select a specific view of the data 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 2/36

3 Relational Database A relational database is a collection of tables that can be dynamically (and temporarily) combined into a single table. Columns of the contributing tables can be related to one another. In a non-relational database, the tables are always separate entities 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 3/36

4 A Few Terms: Server - Program that accepts connections and implements the database Database - A collection of tables on a single server. More than one database can exist on a single server Table - A set of column definitions 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 4/36

5 A Few Terms: Column - Provides a name and data type Row - A single entry in a table. It contains one value for every column (possibly NULL) Query - A command in SQL syntax for the database. It can insert, modify, or extract data. 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 5/36

6 ANSI/ISO Standard: tructured uery anguage 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 6/36

7 SQL: Structured Query Language SQL is a syntax for probing and manipulating a database. 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 7/36

8 Creating a table CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS friends( id int PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, firstname char(255) NOT NULL, lastname char(255), pets_name char(255), age int, status ENUM("like","hate") default 'like', created datetime, modified timestamp ) TYPE=MyISAM; 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 8/36

9 The INSERT statement INSERT INTO friends (firstname,lastname,pets_name,age,created) VALUES("Amelia", "Lawrence", "Star", 8, NOW()); 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 9/36

10 The SELECT statement QuickTime and a TIFF (LZW) decompressor are needed to see this picture. 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 10/36

11 The SELECT statement SELECT can specify both columns and rows QuickTime and a TIFF (LZW) decompressor are needed to see this picture. 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 11/36

12 The SELECT statement SELECT can limit the number of rows returned QuickTime and a TIFF (LZW) decompressor are needed to see this picture. 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 12/36

13 The SELECT statement SELECT can also be used with functions QuickTime and a TIFF (LZW) decompressor are needed to see this picture. 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 13/36

14 The SELECT statement SELECT can do math QuickTime and a TIFF (LZW) decompressor are needed to see this picture. 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 14/36

15 UPDATEing table data QuickTime and a TIFF (LZW) decompressor are needed to see this picture. 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 15/36

16 The DELETE statement QuickTime and a TIFF (LZW) decompressor are needed to see this picture. 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 16/36

17 Database Table Design is an Art! # ---- BAD CREATE If you TABLE have IF NOT to EXISTS do more tagger_t_cal_dave3( than one tid int, query toffset_l to get int, the data you want out toffset_r the database, int you have ); not done a good job designing your tables. CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tagger_table_names( run int, -R. tagger_t_cal_table Chapman, Professional Database char(255), Designer tagger_e_cal_table char(255) ); 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 17/36

18 Database Table Design is an Art! # ---- GOOD CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tagger_t_cal( run int NOT NULL, tid int NOT NULL, toffset_l int, toffset_r int, PRIMARY KEY(run,tid) ); 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 18/36

19 Client/Server Model Client Server Many clients can Connect to the server server at oncelistens Client Client Client client connects 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 19/36

20 Permissions/Access Control Permissions are kept by server independent of any Unix system Accounts are determined by the host you connect from and the username you supply Permissions can be granted at the global, database, table and column levels Permissions can be granted for all or only a partial set of commands 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 20/36

21 Permissions/Access Control Use the GRANT and REVOKE commands to set permissions: GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON test.* TO IDENTIFIED BY "tutu REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES ON test.* FROM IDENTIFIED BY "tutu 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 21/36

22 The mysql command-line tool QuickTime and a TIFF (LZW) decompressor are needed to see this picture. 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 22/36

23 API: Application Programming Interface The API provides the means to access the database from your language of choice C Perl PHP Java (JDBC) Python Tcl Eiffel 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 23/36

24 C API Very useful for adding database access to C programs, but most jobs are better done in scripting languages mysql_init() mysql_real_connect() mysql_query() mysql_store_result() mysql_fetch_row() mysql_free_result() mysql_close() 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 24/36

25 QuickTime and a TIFF (LZW) decompressor are needed to see this picture. 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 25/36

26 Compiling the C program QuickTime and a TIFF (LZW) decompressor are needed to see this picture. 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 26/36

27 Perl API Uses the DBI and DBD-mysql modules DBI->connect() prepare() execute() fetchrow_arrayref() fectrow_hashref() disconnect() 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 27/36

28 Perl API QuickTime and a TIFF (LZW) decompressor are needed to see this picture. 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 28/36

29 PHP API The PHP interface is extremely valuable for interfacing a MySQL database with a web page mysql_connect() mysql_select_db() mysql_query() mysql_fetch_array() mysql_close() 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 29/36

30 PHP API QuickTime and a TIFF (LZW) decompressor are needed to see this picture. 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 30/36

31 Java API Java uses JDBC to interface to MySQL Class.forName() getconnection() createstatement() executequery() next() getstring() getint() 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 31/36

32 QuickTime and a TIFF (LZW) decompressor are needed to see this picture. 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 32/36

33 Backing Up: mysqldump The mysqldump command line utility can print the entire contents of a database to the screen. -d option says don t include table data -t option says don t include table definitions Individual tables can be specified 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 33/36

34 QuickTime and a TIFF (LZW) decompressor are needed to see this picture. 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 34/36

35 Supported Platforms AIX Amiga BSDI Digital Unix FreeBSD HP-UX Linux SunOS True64 Mac OS X NetBSD Novell Netware OpenBSD OS/2 Warp SCO Unix SGI True64 MS Windows 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 35/36

36 Summary MySQL is a popular, free database well suited to most applications There are APIs supporting many programming languages including PHP which makes a powerful combination for generating web pages See more at 5/8/07 MySQL David Lawrence 36/36