SQL SERVER DATE TIME FONKSİYON

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1 SQL SERVER DATE TIME FONKSİYON - Get date only from datetime - QUICK SYNTAX SELECT DATEADD(dd, 0, DATEDIFF(dd, 0, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP)) :00: SQL Server T-SQL date & datetime formats - Gregorian calendar - Christian calendar -- getdate() / CURRENT_TIMESTAMP(ANSI) returns system date & time in standard format -- SQL datetime formats with century (YYYY or CCYY format)- sql date & time format SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 100) -- mon dd yyyy hh:mmam (or PM) -- Oct :01AM SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 101) -- mm/dd/yyyy - 10/02/2010 SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 102) -- yyyy.mm.dd SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 103) -- dd/mm/yyyy SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 104) -- dd.mm.yyyy SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 105) -- dd-mm-yyyy SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 106) -- dd mon yyyy SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 107) -- mon dd, yyyy SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 108) -- hh:mm:ss SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 109) -- mon dd yyyy hh:mm:ss:mmmam (or PM) -- Oct :02:44:013AM SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 110) -- mm-dd-yyyy SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 111) -- yyyy/mm/dd -- yyyymmdd - ISO date format - international standard - works with any language setting SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 112) -- yyyymmdd SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 113) -- dd mon yyyy hh:mm:ss:mmm Oct :02:07:577 SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 114) -- hh:mm:ss:mmm(24h) SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 120) -- yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss(24h) SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 121) -- yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss.mmm SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 126) -- yyyy-mm-ddthh:mm:ss.mmm - ISO T10:52: SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 127) -- yyyy-mm-ddthh:mm:ss.mmmz - with time zone SELECT convert(nvarchar(64), getdate(), 130) -- Arabic Hijri date : AMجمادى االولى :13:04: SELECT convert(nvarchar, getdate(), 131) -- Arabic Hijri date - Islamic calendar -- 29/05/ :57:26:690AM -- Without century (YY) date / datetime conversion - there are exceptions! SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 0) -- mon dd yyyy hh:mmam (or PM) SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 1) -- mm/dd/yy SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 2) -- yy.mm.dd SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 3) -- dd/mm/yy SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 4) -- dd.mm.yy SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 5) -- dd-mm-yy SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 6) -- dd mon yy SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 7) -- mon dd, yy SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 8) -- hh:mm:ss SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 9) -- mon dd yyyy hh:mm:ss:mmmam (or PM) SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 10) -- mm-dd-yy SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 11) -- yy/mm/dd SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 12) -- yymmdd SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 13) -- dd mon yyyy hh:mm:ss:mmm SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 14) -- hh:mm:ss:mmm(24h) SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 20) -- yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss(24h) SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 21) -- yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss.mmm SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 22) -- mm/dd/yy hh:mm:ss AM (or PM) SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 23) -- yyyy-mm-dd SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 24) -- hh:mm:ss SELECT convert(varchar, getdate(), 25) -- yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss.mmm -- SQL create different date styles with t-sql string functions SELECT replace(convert(varchar, getdate(), 111), '/', ' ') -- yyyy mm dd SELECT convert(varchar(7), getdate(), 126) -- yyyy-mm

2 SELECT right(convert(varchar, getdate(), 106), 8) SELECT substring(convert(varchar, getdate(), 120),6, 11) mon yyyy -- mm-dd hh:mm -- Current (today) midnight calculation - remove time part of datetime -- Today's date without time - datetime without time datetime = dateadd(day, datediff(day,0, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP), 0) :00: SQL Server date formatting function - convert datetime to string -- SQL datetime functions - SQL date functions - SQL server datetime formatting -- T-SQL convert dates - T-SQL date formats - Transact-SQL date formats CREATE FUNCTION dbo.fnformatdate (@Datetime VARCHAR(32)) RETURNS VARCHAR(32) AS VARCHAR(32) IF (CHARINDEX ('YYYY',@StringDate) > 0) = REPLACE(@StringDate, 'YYYY', IF (CHARINDEX ('YY',@StringDate) > 0) = REPLACE(@StringDate, 'YY', IF (CHARINDEX ('Month',@StringDate) > 0) = REPLACE(@StringDate, 'Month', IF (CHARINDEX ('MON',@StringDate COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CS_AS)>0) = REPLACE(@StringDate, 'MON', IF (CHARINDEX ('Mon',@StringDate) > 0) = REPLACE(@StringDate, 'Mon', IF (CHARINDEX ('MM',@StringDate) > 0) = REPLACE(@StringDate, 'MM', IF (CHARINDEX ('M',@StringDate) > 0) = REPLACE(@StringDate, 'M', IF (CHARINDEX ('DD',@StringDate) > 0) = REPLACE(@StringDate, 'DD', IF (CHARINDEX ('D',@StringDate) > 0) = REPLACE(@StringDate, 'D', END -- Microsoft SQL Server date format function test - MSSQL formatting date - sql datetime SELECT dbo.fnformatdate (getdate(), 'MM/DD/YYYY') -- 01/03/2012 SELECT dbo.fnformatdate (getdate(), 'DD/MM/YYYY') -- 03/01/2012 SELECT dbo.fnformatdate (getdate(), 'M/DD/YYYY') -- 1/03/2012 SELECT dbo.fnformatdate (getdate(), 'M/D/YYYY') -- 1/3/2012 SELECT dbo.fnformatdate (getdate(), 'M/D/YY') -- 1/3/12 SELECT dbo.fnformatdate (getdate(), 'MM/DD/YY') -- 01/03/12 SELECT dbo.fnformatdate (getdate(), 'MON DD, YYYY') -- JAN 03, 2012 SELECT dbo.fnformatdate (getdate(), 'Mon DD, YYYY') -- Jan 03, 2012 SELECT dbo.fnformatdate (getdate(), 'Month DD, YYYY') -- January 03, 2012 SELECT dbo.fnformatdate (getdate(), 'YYYY/MM/DD') /01/03 SELECT dbo.fnformatdate (getdate(), 'YYYYMMDD') SELECT dbo.fnformatdate (getdate(), 'YYYY-MM-DD') CURRENT_TIMESTAMP returns current system date and time in standard internal format SELECT dbo.fnformatdate (CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,'YY.MM.DD')

3 -- Convert date into integer format as DATETIME = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP; SELECT CONVERT(int, 112)) AS DateInt /***** SELECTED SQL DATE/DATETIME FORMATS WITH NAMES **** -- SQL format datetime - - sql hh mm ss - sql yyyy mm dd -- Default format: Oct :40AM SELECT [Default]=CONVERT(varchar,GETDATE(),100) -- US-Style format: 10/23/2006 SELECT [US-Style]=CONVERT(char,GETDATE(),101) -- ANSI format: SELECT [ANSI]=CONVERT(char,CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,102) -- UK-Style format: 23/10/2006 SELECT [UK-Style]=CONVERT(char,GETDATE(),103) -- German format: SELECT [German]=CONVERT(varchar,GETDATE(),104) -- ISO format: SELECT ISO=CONVERT(varchar,GETDATE(),112) -- ISO8601 format: T19:20: SELECT [ISO8601]=CONVERT(varchar,GETDATE(),126) -- Islamic date conversion -- Gregorian date SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(36), GETDATE(), 109) -- Mar :27:19:027PM -- Islamic / Hijri date SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR(36), GETDATE(), 130) PMربيع الثاني :27:19: SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(36), GETDATE(), 131) -- 24/04/1433 9:27:19:030PM -- SQL Server datetime formats - Format dates SQL Server 2005 / Century date format MM/DD/YYYY usage in a query SELECT TOP (1) SalesOrderID, OrderDate = CONVERT(char(10), OrderDate, 101), OrderDateTime = OrderDate FROM AdventureWorks.Sales.SalesOrderHeader /* SalesOrderID OrderDate OrderDateTime /01/ :00: SQL update datetime column - SQL datetime DATEADD - datetime function UPDATE Production.Product SET ModifiedDate=DATEADD(dd,1, ModifiedDate) WHERE ProductID = MM/DD/YY date format - Datetime format sql SELECT TOP (1)

4 SalesOrderID, OrderDate = CONVERT(varchar(8), OrderDate, 1), OrderDateTime = OrderDate FROM AdventureWorks.Sales.SalesOrderHeader ORDER BY SalesOrderID desc /* SalesOrderID OrderDate OrderDateTime /31/ :00: Converting UNIX timestamp to datetime BIGINT = /* (UNIX time = > midnight, OCT 23, 2016) SELECT ' ') :00: SQL convert datetime to char - sql date string concatenation: + (plus) operator PRINT 'Style 110: '+CONVERT(CHAR(10),GETDATE(),110) -- Style 110: PRINT 'Style 111: '+CONVERT(CHAR(10),GETDATE(),111) -- Style 111: 2012/07/10 PRINT 'Style 112: '+CONVERT(CHAR(8), GETDATE(),112) -- Style 112: Combining different style formats for date & time -- Datetime formats - sql times format - datetime formats sql DATETIME = ' :51 PM' SELECT CONVERT(CHAR(10),@Date,110) + SUBSTRING(CONVERT(varchar,@Date,0),12,8) -- Result: :51PM -- Microsoft SQL Server cast datetime to string SELECT stringdatetime=cast (getdate() as varchar) -- Result: Dec :47AM Related article: Date and Time Functions (Transact-SQL) -- SQL Server date and time functions overview -- SQL Server CURRENT_TIMESTAMP function - SQL Server datetime functions -- Local NYC - EST - Eastern Standard Time zone -- SQL DATEADD function - SQL DATEDIFF function SELECT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP :02: SQL Server DATEADD function SELECT DATEADD(month,2,' ') :00: SQL Server DATEDIFF function SELECT DATEDIFF(day,' ',' ') SQL Server DATENAME function SELECT DATENAME(month, ' ') -- December SELECT DATENAME(weekday, ' ') -- Sunday -- SQL Server DATEPART function SELECT DATEPART(month, ' ') SQL Server DAY function SELECT DAY(' ') SQL Server GETDATE function -- local NYC - EST - Eastern Standard Time zone SELECT GETDATE() :02: SQL Server GETUTCDATE function -- London - Greenwich Mean Time SELECT GETUTCDATE() :02: SQL Server MONTH function SELECT MONTH(' ') -- 12

5 -- SQL Server YEAR function SELECT YEAR(' ') Universal CONVERT function - datetime conversion UDF CREATE FUNCTION int) RETURNS nvarchar(35) AS END DATE=getdate(); SELECT Dec 2010 DATE=getdate(); SELECT Dec 2010 /* Msg 281, Level 16, State 1, Line is not a valid style number when converting from datetimeoffset to a character string. DATETIME=getdate(); SELECT SMALLDATETIME=getdate(); SELECT -- 12/23/ SQL calculate the number of business days function - exclude Saturdays & Sundays CREATE FUNCTION fnbusinessdayscount (@StartDate DATE) RETURNS INT AS IF (@StartDate IS NULL IS NULL) RETURN (0) INT = 0; WHILE (@StartDate + CASE WHEN datepart(dw,@startdate) BETWEEN 2 AND 6 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END = DATEADD(dd,1,@StartDate) END -- while RETURN (@i) END -- function SELECT dbo.fnbusinessdayscount(' ',' ') T-SQL Date and time function application -- CURRENT_TIMESTAMP and getdate() are the same in T-SQL -- T-SQL first day of week and last day of week SELECT FirstDateOfWeek = dateadd(dd,-datepart(dw,getdate()) + 1,GETDATE()) SELECT LastDateOfWeek = dateadd(dd,7 - DATEPART(dw,GETDATE()),GETDATE()) -- SQL first day of the month - SQL first date of the month -- SQL first day of current month :00: SELECT DATEADD(dd,0,DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm,0,CURRENT_TIMESTAMP),0)) -- SQL last day of the month - SQL last date of the month -- SQL last day of current month :00: SELECT DATEADD(dd,-1,DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm,0,CURRENT_TIMESTAMP)+1,0)) -- SQL first day of last month -- SQL first day of previous month :00: SELECT DATEADD(mm,-1,DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm,0,CURRENT_TIMESTAMP),0)) -- SQL last day of last month

6 -- SQL last day of previous month :00: SELECT DATEADD(dd,-1,DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm,0,DATEADD(MM,-1,GETDATE()))+1,0)) -- SQL first day of next month :00: SELECT DATEADD(mm,1,DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm,0,CURRENT_TIMESTAMP),0)) -- SQL last day of next month :00: SELECT DATEADD(dd,-1,DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm,0,DATEADD(MM,1,GETDATE()))+1,0)) -- SQL first day of a month :00: datetime; = ' ' SELECT DATEADD(dd,0,DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm,0,@Date),0)) -- SQL last day of a month :00: datetime; = ' ' SELECT DATEADD(dd,-1,DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm,0,@Date)+1,0)) -- SQL first day of year - SQL first day of the year :00: SELECT DATEADD(yy, DATEDIFF(yy,0,CURRENT_TIMESTAMP), 0) -- SQL last day of year - SQL last day of the year :00: SELECT DATEADD(yy,1, DATEADD(dd, -1, DATEADD(yy, DATEDIFF(yy,0,CURRENT_TIMESTAMP), 0))) -- SQL last day of last year - SQL last day of previous year :00: SELECT DATEADD(dd,-1,DATEADD(yy,DATEDIFF(yy,0,CURRENT_TIMESTAMP), 0)) -- First and last day of date periods DATETIME; SET = ' '; SELECT ReferenceDate SELECT FirstDayOfYear = DATEADD(YY, SELECT LastDayOfYear = DATEADD(YY, SELECT FirstDayOfSemester = DATEADD(QQ,((DATEDIFF(QQ,0,@Date)/2)*2),0) SELECT LastDayOfSemester = DATEADD(QQ,((DATEDIFF(QQ,0,@Date)/2)*2)+2,-1) SELECT FirstDayOfQuarter = DATEADD(QQ, :00: SELECT LastDayOfQuarter = DATEADD(QQ, :00: SELECT FirstDayOfMonth = DATEADD(MM, SELECT LastDayOfMonth = DATEADD(MM, SELECT FirstDayOfWeek = DATEADD(WK, SELECT LastDayOfWeek = DATEADD(WK, :00: Start of week SUNDAY - US_english language setting - SELECT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, DATEADD (week, DATEDIFF(week,6, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP),6) -- End of week SATURDAY SELECT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, DATEADD (week, DATEDIFF(week,5, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP),5) -- SQL calculate age in years, months, days - Format dates SQL Server SQL table-valued function - SQL user-defined function - UDF -- SQL Server age calculation - date difference USE AdventureWorks2008; CREATE FUNCTION fnage (@BirthDate DATETIME) TABLE(Years INT, AS Months INT, Days INT) DATETIME = Getdate() = Dateadd(yy,Datediff(yy,@BirthDate,@EndDate),@BirthDate)

7 SELECT - (CASE THEN 1 ELSE 0 END), 0, 0 SET Months = Month(@EndDate - 1 SET Days = Day(@EndDate - 1 RETURN END -- Test table-valued UDF SELECT * FROM fnage(' ') SELECT * FROM dbo.fnage(' ') Years Months Days SQL date range between SQL between dates USE AdventureWorks; -- SQL between SELECT POs=COUNT(*) FROM Purchasing.PurchaseOrderHeader WHERE OrderDate BETWEEN ' ' AND ' ' -- Result: BETWEEN operator is equivalent to >=...AND...<= SELECT POs=COUNT(*) FROM Purchasing.PurchaseOrderHeader WHERE OrderDate BETWEEN ' :00:00.000' AND ' :00:00.000' /* Orders with OrderDates ' :00:01.000' - 1 second after midnight (12:00AM) ' :01:00.000' - 1 minute after midnight ' :00:00.000' - 1 hour after midnight are not included in the two queries above. -- To include the entire day of use the following two solutions SELECT POs=COUNT(*) FROM Purchasing.PurchaseOrderHeader WHERE OrderDate >= ' ' AND OrderDate < ' ' -- SQL between with DATE type (SQL Server 2008) SELECT POs=COUNT(*) FROM Purchasing.PurchaseOrderHeader WHERE CONVERT(DATE, OrderDate) BETWEEN ' ' AND ' ' Non-standard format conversion: 2011 December SQL datetime to string SELECT [YYYY Month DD] = CAST(YEAR(GETDATE()) AS VARCHAR(4))+ ' '+ DATENAME(MM, GETDATE()) + ' ' + CAST(DAY(GETDATE()) AS VARCHAR(2)) -- Converting datetime to YYYYMMDDHHMMSS format: SELECT replace(convert(varchar, getdate(),111),'/','') + replace(convert(varchar, getdate(),108),':','') -- Datetime custom format conversion to YYYY_MM_DD select CurrentDate=rtrim(year(getdate())) + '_' + right('0' + rtrim(month(getdate())),2) + '_' + right('0' + rtrim(day(getdate())),2)

8 -- Converting seconds to HH:MM:SS format int = select TimeSpan=right('0' +rtrim(@seconds / 3600),2) + ':' + right('0' + rtrim((@seconds % 3600) / 60),2) + ':' + right('0' + rtrim(@seconds % 60),2) -- Result: 02:46:40 -- Test result select 2* * Result: Set the time portion of a datetime value to 00:00: SQL strip time from date -- SQL strip time from datetime SELECT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,DATEADD(dd, DATEDIFF(dd, 0, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP), 0) -- Results: :35: :00: /* VALID DATE RANGES FOR DATE/DATETIME DATA TYPES SMALLDATETIME (4 bytes) date range: January 1, 1900 through June 6, 2079 DATETIME (8 bytes) date range: January 1, 1753 through December 31, 9999 DATETIME2 (8 bytes) date range (SQL Server 2008): January 1,1 AD through December 31, 9999 AD DATE (3 bytes) date range (SQL Server 2008): January 1, 1 AD through December 31, 9999 AD ****** -- Selecting with CONVERT into different styles -- Note: Only Japan & ISO styles can be used in ORDER BY SELECT TOP(1) Italy = CONVERT(varchar, OrderDate, 105), USA = CONVERT(varchar, OrderDate, 110), Japan = CONVERT(varchar, OrderDate, 111), ISO = CONVERT(varchar, OrderDate, 112) FROM AdventureWorks.Purchasing.PurchaseOrderHeader ORDER BY PurchaseOrderID DESC Italy USA Japan ISO /07/ SQL Server convert date to integer datetime = ' :21:05.345' SELECT DateAsInteger = CAST (CONVERT(varchar,@Datetime,112) as INT) -- Result: SQL Server convert integer to datetime int = SELECT IntegerToDatetime = CAST(CAST(@intDate as varchar) as datetime) -- Result: :00: Julian date (YYYYDDD) to date / datetime converter CREATE FUNCTION dbo.fnjuliantodate (@JulianDt char(7)) RETURNS date AS

9 RETURN (SELECT DATEADD(day, AS int) - 1, CONVERT(datetime, LEFT(@JulianDt,4) + '0101', 112))) END SELECT dbo.fnjuliantodate (' ') SQL Server CONVERT script applying table INSERT/UPDATE -- SQL Server convert date -- Datetime column is converted into date only string column USE tempdb; CREATE TABLE sqlconvertdatetime ( DatetimeCol datetime, DateCol char(8)); INSERT sqlconvertdatetime (DatetimeCol) SELECT GETDATE() UPDATE sqlconvertdatetime SET DateCol = CONVERT(char(10), DatetimeCol, 112) SELECT * FROM sqlconvertdatetime -- SQL Server convert datetime -- The string date column is converted into datetime column UPDATE sqlconvertdatetime SET DatetimeCol = CONVERT(Datetime, DateCol, 112) SELECT * FROM sqlconvertdatetime -- Adding a day to the converted datetime column with DATEADD UPDATE sqlconvertdatetime SET DatetimeCol = DATEADD(day, 1, CONVERT(Datetime, DateCol, 112)) SELECT * FROM sqlconvertdatetime -- Equivalent formulation - SQL Server CAST datetime UPDATE sqlconvertdatetime SET DatetimeCol = DATEADD(dd, 1, CAST(DateCol AS datetime)) SELECT * FROM sqlconvertdatetime DROP TABLE sqlconvertdatetime /* First results DatetimeCol DateCol :04: /* Second results: DatetimeCol DateCol :00: /* Third results: DatetimeCol DateCol :00: SQL month sequence - SQL date sequence generation with table variable -- SQL Server cast string to datetime - SQL Server cast datetime to string -- SQL Server insert default values method table (Sequence int identity(1,1)) int; = 0 datetime; = CAST(CONVERT(varchar, year(getdate()))+ RIGHT('0'+convert(varchar,month(getdate())),2) + '01' AS DATETIME) WHILE < 120) DEFAULT VALUES

10 + 1 END SELECT MonthSequence = CAST(DATEADD(month, Sequence,@StartDate) AS varchar) /* Partial results: MonthSequence Jan :00AM Feb :00AM Mar :00AM Apr :00AM SQL Server Server datetime internal storage - SQL Server datetime formats -- SQL Server datetime to hex SELECT Now=CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, HexNow=CAST(CURRENT_TIMESTAMP AS BINARY(8)) Now HexNow :35: x00009B D -- SQL Server date part - left 4 bytes - Days since SELECT Now=DATEADD(DAY, CONVERT(INT, 0x00009B85), ' ') -- Result: :00: SQL time part - right 4 bytes - milliseconds since midnight /300 is an adjustment factor -- SQL dateadd to Midnight SELECT Now=DATEADD(MS, (1000.0/300)* CONVERT(BIGINT, 0x D), ' ') -- Result: :35: String date and datetime date&time columns usage -- SQL Server datetime formats in tables USE tempdb; SET NOCOUNT ON; -- SQL Server select into table create SELECT TOP (5) FullName=convert(nvarchar(50),FirstName+' '+LastName), BirthDate = CONVERT(char(8), BirthDate,112), ModifiedDate = getdate() INTO Employee FROM AdventureWorks.HumanResources.Employee e INNER JOIN AdventureWorks.Person.Contact c ON c.contactid = e.contactid ORDER BY EmployeeID -- SQL Server alter table ALTER TABLE Employee ALTER COLUMN FullName nvarchar(50) NOT NULL ALTER TABLE Employee ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_Employee] PRIMARY KEY (FullName ) Table definition for the Employee table Note: BirthDate is string date (only) CREATE TABLE dbo.employee( FullName nvarchar(50) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,

11 BirthDate char(8) NULL, ModifiedDate datetime NOT NULL ) SELECT * FROM Employee ORDER BY FullName FullName BirthDate ModifiedDate Guy Gilbert :10: Kevin Brown :10: Rob Walters :10: Roberto Tamburello :10: Thierry D'Hers :10: SQL Server age SELECT FullName, Age = DATEDIFF(YEAR, BirthDate, GETDATE()), RowMaintenanceDate = CAST (ModifiedDate AS varchar) FROM Employee ORDER BY FullName FullName Age RowMaintenanceDate Guy Gilbert 37 Jan :10AM Kevin Brown 32 Jan :10AM Rob Walters 44 Jan :10AM Roberto Tamburello 45 Jan :10AM Thierry D'Hers 60 Jan :10AM -- SQL Server age of Rob Walters on specific dates -- SQL Server string to datetime implicit conversion with DATEADD SELECT AGE50DATE = DATEADD(YY, 50, ' ') -- Result: :00: SQL Server datetime to string, Italian format for ModifiedDate -- SQL Server string to datetime implicit conversion with DATEDIFF SELECT FullName, AgeDEC31 = DATEDIFF(YEAR, BirthDate, ' '), AgeJAN01 = DATEDIFF(YEAR, BirthDate, ' '), AgeJAN23 = DATEDIFF(YEAR, BirthDate, ' '), AgeJAN24 = DATEDIFF(YEAR, BirthDate, ' '), ModDate = CONVERT(varchar, ModifiedDate, 105) FROM Employee WHERE FullName = 'Rob Walters' ORDER BY FullName Important Note: age increments on Jan 1 (not as commonly calculated) FullName AgeDEC31 AgeJAN01 AgeJAN23 AgeJAN24 ModDate Rob Walters SQL combine integer date & time into datetime -- Datetime format sql -- SQL stuff TABLE ( ID int identity(1,1) primary key, DateAsINT int, TimeAsINT int ) -- NOTE: leading zeroes in time is for readability only! (DateAsINT, TimeAsINT) VALUES ( , ) (DateAsINT, TimeAsINT) VALUES ( , ) (DateAsINT, TimeAsINT) VALUES ( , )

12 (DateAsINT, TimeAsINT) VALUES ( , ) (DateAsINT, TimeAsINT) VALUES ( , ) (DateAsINT, TimeAsINT) VALUES ( , ) SELECT DateAsINT, TimeAsINT, CONVERT(datetime, CONVERT(varchar(8), DateAsINT) + ' '+ STUFF(STUFF ( RIGHT(REPLICATE('0', 6) + CONVERT(varchar(6), TimeAsINT), 6), 3, 0, ':'), 6, 0, ':')) AS DateTimeValue ORDER BY ID DateAsINT TimeAsINT DateTimeValue :59: :02: :23: :02: :00: :00: SQL Server string to datetime, implicit conversion with assignment UPDATE Employee SET ModifiedDate = ' ' WHERE FullName = 'Rob Walters' SELECT ModifiedDate FROM Employee WHERE FullName = 'Rob Walters' -- Result: :00: /* SQL string date, assemble string date from datetime parts -- SQL Server cast string to datetime - sql convert string date -- SQL Server number to varchar conversion -- SQL Server leading zeroes for month and day -- SQL Server right string function UPDATE Employee SET BirthDate = CONVERT(char(4),YEAR(CAST(' ' as DATETIME)))+ RIGHT('0'+CONVERT(varchar,MONTH(CAST(' ' as DATETIME))),2)+ RIGHT('0'+CONVERT(varchar,DAY(CAST(' ' as DATETIME))),2) WHERE FullName = 'Rob Walters' SELECT BirthDate FROM Employee WHERE FullName = 'Rob Walters' -- Result: Perform cleanup action DROP TABLE Employee -- SQL nocount SET NOCOUNT OFF; -- sql isdate function USE tempdb; -- sql newid - random sort SELECT top(3) SalesOrderID, stringorderdate = CAST (OrderDate AS varchar) INTO DateValidation FROM AdventureWorks.Sales.SalesOrderHeader ORDER BY NEWID() SELECT * FROM DateValidation SalesOrderID stringorderdate

13 56720 Oct :00AM Jun :00AM May :00AM -- SQL update with top UPDATE TOP(1) DateValidation SET stringorderdate = 'Apb :00AM' -- SQL string to datetime fails without validation SELECT SalesOrderID, OrderDate = CAST (stringorderdate as datetime) FROM DateValidation /* Msg 242, Level 16, State 3, Line 1 The conversion of a varchar data type to a datetime data type resulted in an out-of-range value. -- sql isdate - filter for valid dates SELECT SalesOrderID, OrderDate = CAST (stringorderdate as datetime) FROM DateValidation WHERE ISDATE(stringOrderDate) = 1 SalesOrderID OrderDate :00: :00: SQL drop table DROP TABLE DateValidation Go -- SELECT between two specified dates - assumption TIME part is 00:00: SQL datetime between -- SQL select between two dates SELECT EmployeeID, RateChangeDate FROM AdventureWorks.HumanResources.EmployeePayHistory WHERE RateChangeDate >= ' ' AND RateChangeDate < DATEADD(dd,1,' ') EmployeeID RateChangeDate :00: :00: /* Equivalent to -- SQL datetime range SELECT EmployeeID, RateChangeDate FROM AdventureWorks.HumanResources.EmployeePayHistory WHERE RateChangeDate >= ' :00:00' AND RateChangeDate < ' :00:00' -- SQL datetime language setting -- SQL Nondeterministic function usage - result varies with language settings SET LANGUAGE 'us_english'; Jan :00AM SELECT US = convert(varchar,convert(datetime,'01/12/2015')); SET LANGUAGE 'British'; Dec :00AM SELECT UK = convert(varchar,convert(datetime,'01/12/2015')); SET LANGUAGE 'German'; Dez :00AM SET LANGUAGE 'Deutsch'; Dez :00AM SELECT Germany = convert(varchar,convert(datetime,'01/12/2015'));

14 SET LANGUAGE 'French'; déc :00AM SELECT France = convert(varchar,convert(datetime,'01/12/2015')); SET LANGUAGE 'Spanish'; Dic :00AM SELECT Spain = convert(varchar,convert(datetime,'01/12/2015')); SET LANGUAGE 'Hungarian'; jan :00AM SELECT Hungary = convert(varchar,convert(datetime,'01/12/2015')); SET LANGUAGE 'us_english'; -- SQL Server 2008 T-SQL find next Monday for a given date DATETIME = ' ' SELECT NextMondaysDate=DATEADD(dd,(DATEDIFF(dd, / 7 * 7) + 7, 0), WeekDayName=DATENAME(dw,DATEADD(dd,(DATEDIFF(dd, / 7 * 7) + 7, 0)); /* NextMondaysDate WeekDayName :00: Monday -- Function for Monday dates calculation USE AdventureWorks2008; -- SQL user-defined function -- SQL scalar function - UDF CREATE FUNCTION fnmondaydate (@Year INT) RETURNS DATETIME AS CHAR(10) = convert(varchar,@year) + '- ' + convert(varchar,@month) + '-01' = ' ' RETURN DATEADD(DD,DATEDIFF(DD,@SeedDate,DATEADD(DD,(@MondayOrdinal * 7) - / 7 * END -- Test Datetime UDF - Third Monday in Feb, 2015 SELECT dbo.fnmondaydate(2016,2,3) :00: First Monday of current month SELECT dbo.fnmondaydate(year(getdate()),month(getdate()),1) :00:00.000