TrendAnalyzer. Documentation and Mathematical Analysis. of Measured Data Archives. Manual. Version 3.2

Transcription

1 TrendAnalyzer Documentation and Mathematical Analysis of Measured Data Archives Manual Version 3.2 Copyright by ICS GmbH. All rights reserved. tra32manualtest.docx 1

2 TrendAnalyzer TrendAnalyzer is a software tool for the mathematical analysis and documentation of trend diagrams that are generated from metrological databases. Add-on for control systems or for applications in metrology. TrendAnalyzer reads data from different databases and csv formatted test files, even from different databases simultaneously. Several documents are supported simultaneously. TrendAnalyzer runs under Windows XP, Vista, Windows7, Windows8 and Windows10 Version 3.2 Copyright by ICS GmbH. All rights reserved. The following licensing terms are in effect for the use of TrendAnalyzer: 1. Licenses are available for a single workstation or for a complete site. In the latter case, any number of workstations within a plant can use the license. The use of this product is only permitted to end buyers. By accepting this license agreement, the licensee acquires a nonexclusive right to use the above-mentioned software. 2. The programs and other files contained in this product must neither in their source text nor as executable programs - nor in a modified form - be passed onto third parties, distributed nor simultaneously used on several computers. Also the installation of one and the same license to more than one computer or the multiple use in the network - for example in companies, schools or universities - is prohibited. 3. All extensive rights are reserved to the holder of the Copyright. The supplied software must neither be disassembled, decompiled nor otherwise retranslated. The software and documentation are subject to change without notification. Update Service and Support are only granted to registered licenses. 4. The program and its documentation were carefully developed and checked. ICS GmbH is not liable for any damages arising from the use of the software or its documentation except in the case of gross negligence or intent. Furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly guaranteed in writing, no warranty is given for the compatibility of this software with any other programs or hardware components. 5. The terms of this license agreement also comprise - again without notification - any possible updates or amendments. 6. This license agreement is subject to the jurisdiction of the Federal Republic of Germany. In case that some terms of the license agreement are totally or partly invalid or become invalid, this shall not affect the remaining terms. Furthermore, the ineffective term shall be replaced by such term that comes closest to the invalid term in sense and purpose. Supplementary agreements were not reached. Changes to this license agreement are only accepted in writing. The same applies to the annulment of this written agreement. Microsoft, Windows and Visual Basic are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation USA and/or their locations in other countries. All trademarks used in the text are respected tra32manualtest.docx 2

3 Contents 1. INTRODUCTION Product Versions Properties of all Versions Additional properties of Standard and Professional Edition Additional Properties of Professional Edition License Types Scope of Delivery Technical Specifications OVERVIEW Generating a New Diagram Analyzing a Curve Group Displaying and Editing Several Diagrams Simultaneously Using the trend calculator MAIN WINDOW, TOOLS AND AUXILIARY WINDOWS Menu Bar Standard Toolbar Formatting Bar Operating Range Status Bar Project Properties Curve Diagram Modify scale range interactively Properties of the Curve Diagram Interactions Settings Curve Display Scale Display Comparing Curves Searching Curve Values Cool Bar Display Envelope Curves Curve Display Display Phase Diagram tra32manualtest.docx 3

4 5. Data Sources Read from a Data Source Importing an MS EXCEL or Text File General Structure of Text Files that can be processed Use of the Import Wizard Selecting file format (Professional Edition only) Defining field names and delimiters (all editions) Define reference point (Professional Edition only) Select all files for join (Professional Edition only) Define data types (all editions) Define format and delimiter for date and time (all editions) Define decimal symbol for data (all editions) Merge date and time (all editions) Merge data of identical structured text files (all editions) Define destination file or database table (Prof. Edition only) Generate template file (all editions) Import ProTool, WinCC or Zenon text files (Professional Edition only) Define measurement point column (Professional Edition only) Select measurement points (Professional Edition only) Write single curve to an ACCESS database or a csv File Curve configuration Restrict Data Source (Where-Clause) Curve value table Change Curve Point Insert or Delete a Curve Point Trend Calculator Formulas Functions Operators Identical evaluation of similar archive files (text files) tra32manualtest.docx 4

5 1. Introduction TrendAnalyzer is a software tool for fast and easy display, analysis and documentation of tables of measured values from databases such as ACCESS, SQL Server, Oracle or dbase or from csv (comma separated values) text files in trend displays Product Versions TrendAnalyzer is available in three versions: firstly the low-price Small edition with which only text files can be processed. The Standard Edition additionally permits the use of databases as data sources. The Professional Edition additionally provides a curve computer with the facility for processing curves Properties of all Versions All three versions have the following characteristics: Up to 10 curves can be configured and processed simultaneously. Importing of text files Many devices deliver measured values in the form of text files in which data records are saved with the time and one or more measured values. Since the data, time and number formats can be highly different depending on the region, TrendAnalyzer provides a wizard with which the format of the text file is written, measured values are filtered, and a template is created. The template can then be used for all text files of the same type. Reading of several text files Provided the format of text files is identical, it is also possible to read in larger quantities of text files. This is always required if one text file is written by a device per unit of time (e.g. per day), but is to be processed by the TrendAnalyzer over a longer period. Fast operation Extremely fast operability is an important feature in the design of the user interface and has been ensured through intensive application of drag & drop interactions. The display of a new data curve is performed in two steps. The description of the curves is collected in a table which shows all important parameters. The arrangement of curve groups is supported excellently, enabling related information on the curves to be displayed immediately during the visual analysis. Flexible display Display of curve diagrams is extremely flexible, and therefore ensures good readability for all imaginable requirements. Any type of color or graphic display of the curves and scales is supported. Sections of times and values can be set in interactive mode. A wide range of auxiliary lines is provided to allow improved readability. Rulers can be used to display single measured values. x/y diagrams TrendAnalyzer enables curves of measured values to be displayed with regard to time, and also the relationship between measured values with or without the assignment of times. The value scales have either a linear decimal or logarithmic division, or are angular scales with a linear or cyclic division. Analog and binary value curves Binary signals and analog measured values can be displayed simultaneously in a diagram. This permits easy assignment of switching points or fault signals to measured values. tra32manualtest.docx 5

6 Projects All settings that were specified in TrendAnalyzer documentation can be saved in a project file. Curve configurations and their display can then be repeated at any time. Multi-documents Since the TrendAnalyzer is an MDI application, several documents can be processed in parallel. It is thus possible to provide a clear structure for a wide range of curve diagrams Additional properties of Standard and Professional Edition The following properties are only included in the Standard Edition and the Professional Edition: Up to 31 curves can be configured and processed simultaneously. Multiple data sources A TrendAnalyzer document can consist of curves from several databases and text files. The databases can also be of different types. Archiving of curves in databases Text files (csv format or EXCEL files) can be extremely large if measured values are recorded e.g. every second. An EXCEL file comprises a maximum of data records, whereas csv files can be of any size. Reading-in of larger files (e.g. >250,000 data records) may take up to one minute per curve depending on the PC s processor. It is therefore advantageous to restore csv files once they have been read into an ACCESS database. Access to the data is then 5-10 times faster, and allows smooth working even with large quantities of data Additional Properties of Professional Edition The Professional Edition additionally offers the following functions: Use of data sets archived by SIMATIC ProTool, WinCC flexible of Siemens and Zenon of Copadata Using the import wizard database tables containing value columns per tag can be generated from text files exported by the mentioned systems. Database queries Data records which are selected by scanning in a database can be used like tables containing standard measured data. Curve processing Measured curves can be processed using TrendAnalyzer. Curve points can be deleted or inserted, or values can be changed. Curves can be shifted directly in the diagram using the mouse in order e.g. to compare them qualitatively with other curves. TrendAnalyzer also writes the processed curves into csv files or ACCESS databases in order to archive them, for example. Trend calculator Measured curves with the same X-base can be linked mathematically using the trend calculator. Arithmetic, Boolean or comparison operations are possible on measured curves. The resulting curves are additionally included into the curve configuration of a diagram and can be used for further mathematical operations. Furthermore, mathematical operators such as integral or floating mean-value can be applied to individual curves. tra32manualtest.docx 6

7 1.2. License Types Without a license, TrendAnalyzer can only be tested with the supplied database. It is not possible to save projects or to write curves into other archives. With the Trial license, a customer can test the Professional Edition with any databases and csv-formatted files for 30 days. It is not possible to save projects. The Trial license runs for approximately 10 minutes, and a switch is then made to the state without license. A Single-user license is available for each of the Small, Standard and Professional Editions. With the Site license, the Professional Edition can be used on all workstations on a company site Scope of Delivery Example projects TrendAnalyzer is supplied with an example database (ACCESS 2000), a text file in csv (Comma Separated Values) format, and 7 example projects. The example database is protected by a password and can only be used without a license. In order to use other data sources - in particular data sources linked via ODBC drivers - a license is required for TrendAnalyzer. Training videos To demonstrate the many interactive properties and to explain typical applications of the TrendAnalyzer, training videos are available which show the user in just a few minutes how to e.g. configure a curve diagram, generate a phase diagram, compare measured-value trends in different time intervals, or edit curve data. tra32manualtest.docx 7

8 1.4. Technical Specifications Since the TrendAnalyzer is primarily used to analyze and document comprehensive measured-data archives, the performance of data recording and display is of great significance. Although access to text and EXCEL files and via the general ODBC interface is possible at any time, this is usually with a lower performance. The following measurements for display of a curve were performed on a PC with Intel Core i5 3.2 GHz processor and 8 GByte RAM, and provide an overview of the performance of the TrendAnalyzer. Data archive Loading time per curve Text file ACCESS 2003 Approx measured points/sec Approx. 86,000 measured points/sec Table 1: Performance measurements To gain an overview of the data volume of measured values, the following table displays a series of timevolume references for archiving measured values: Scanning frequency 1 hour 8 hours 1 day 1 week 30 days 90 days 365 days Every second 3,600 28,800 86, ,800 2,592, Every 2 sec 1,800 14,400 43, ,400 1,296, Every 5 sec 720 5,760 17, , , Every 15 sec 240 1,920 5,760 40, , Every 20 sec 180 1,440 4,320 30, , Every 30 sec ,880 20,160 86, Every minute ,440 10,080 43, Every 10 min ,008 4, Every 15 min , Table 2: Measured values/time interval tra32manualtest.docx 8

9 2. Overview The following chapters describe the use of the TrendAnalyzer and the meaning of the entries in the individual forms. Descriptions are provided on: The structure of the main window and the auxiliary window The loading of measured curves from archives The configuration of curve groups combined in a document The display of the selected groups The modification, insertion and deletion of curve points, and the writing of modified curves into an archive The mathematical linking of curves TrendAnalyzer can be started as an application using one of the following two icons: When opening a TrendAnalyzer project, a diagram, its curve configuration and its data sources are connected corresponding to the actual configuration of the auxiliary windows which may be docked to the main window. When working with the TrendAnalyzer, the typical situations described below occur where different combinations of the auxiliary windows are recommended because of the wide scope of data. tra32manualtest.docx 9

10 2.1. Generating a New Diagram Data sources are arranged, and a diagram configured. Curves from several databases and text files can be combined in one diagram. If curves are to be linked together using mathematical operations, they must originate from a database table or a text file with the same x-base. Most measured-value archives are written by field devices in so-called csv-formatted text files. Since the formats of these text files can be highly different, they are converted by the Import wizard (see Chapter 5.2) into the standard format processed by TrendAnalyzer. Data sets can be also exported from archives of control systems like Zenon by Copadata or WinCC flexible or Protool by Siemens to text files. These text files can be joined together and converted to new text files or database tables. Especially big data sets should be stored to data base table to get the benefit of a faster access to data bases compared with the access to text files. tra32manualtest.docx 10

11 2.2. Analyzing a Curve Group In order to investigate particular situations during production, quality assurance etc., the curve ruler is used to access curve values at the interesting points in time. The values of all curves at the point in time are displayed in the ruler window. In addition, the archived data of one curve in the curve value table can be tracked. In order to analyze measured curves, the visible section can be changed directly on the scales using the mouse or a section can be enlarged using the Lasso zoom. Furthermore, an interval of the x-axis can be defined which is used for scrolling into the past or future referred to the displayed section. The search function can be used to find individual curve values which exactly correspond to a defined value or for which the transition of the curve into an interval or out of an interval takes place. Numerous auxiliary lines in the diagram facilitate orientation with regard to times and values, or display limit lines. tra32manualtest.docx 11

12 2.3. Displaying and Editing Several Diagrams Simultaneously If diagrams have been produced at different points in time, or if measured curves recorded at different points of a plant are to be combined into projects, the comparison of several diagrams can be of assistance when analyzing problems. If auxiliary windows are connected, their respective contents are switched appropriate to the selected diagram. To prevent the user from being overtaxed by too much information, only one set of auxiliary windows is used for all diagrams. tra32manualtest.docx 12

13 2.4. Using the trend calculator TrendAnalyzer can apply mathematical functions to individual curves, or mix curves from a group which use the same x-base (e.g. the same time tag). Each formula occupies one line in the curve configuration table. Since up to 31 curves can be processed simultaneously in a project, quite a few formulae can be entered for a curve group. The result curves are displayed and treated interactively like the measured-value curves. They are also taken into account in all auxiliary windows such as curve value table or ruler window. tra32manualtest.docx 13

14 3. Main Window, Tools and Auxiliary Windows To enable the configuration of a diagram, some auxiliary windows are docked to the main window. They are displayed in the following illustration: A TrendAnalyzer project consists of a curve diagram, the list of the databases, and a curve configuration. When a curve is loaded from a database, a progress bar is displayed. tra32manualtest.docx 14

15 Edge elements The main window can be minimized, maximized and displayed in a variable way. As TrendAnalyzer is designed to process more than one project at the same time, the size of these projects can also be adjusted. Menu bar All functions of TrendAnalyzer can be accessed via the menu bar. Deactivated menu items cannot be called. The availability of menu items depends on the current status of operations. Tool bars Two toolbars include the most important functions. The functions can be selected from control fields using the mouse. Moving the mouse cursor along a control field will display a text with a tooltip of the particular key function. The tool bars can be hidden or displayed in separate windows. Operating range The operating range is located below the toolbar. Curve diagrams are displayed and edited here. The projectassociated curve configuration, curve value table, as well as the database selection of the curve display can be displayed optionally for each current curve diagram. The curves configuration, the curve value table and the database selection can be displayed in separate windows. Status bar The status bar is displayed at the lower edge of the main window. The status line contains information on the currently active function in TrendAnalyzer. tra32manualtest.docx 15

16 3.1. Menu Bar The menu structure of the TrendAnalyzer main window is described in the following. The entries of a submenu are arranged according to functional relationship. Different function groups are separated from each other by separating lines. All menu items can be activated via the mouse or can be selected via keys. File Menu The File menu contains all functions which are related to project editing. New Generates a new project. The windows database, curve configuration, and curve field are still empty Open... Opens a project file with a data source and curve configuration of a diagram, an import format file, a data source (text file, EXCEL file or database) or the Import wizard Close Closes the currently edited project. When changes are not saved, a dialog window is displayed, requesting the user to save. Save Saves the current configuration of the project. Save as... Saves the project with a new name. Import... Opens another database. An ODBC driver must be installed for the database. Databases are processed without knowing their special drivers. Print... Prints the curve diagram of the currently selected project. The curve diagram and a legend consisting of a curve name are printed. Print Preview Preview of the curve diagram printout. Print Setup... The requested printer can be selected and set up. 1 Dumsatz1.tap List of the most recently edited projects. Exit Exits TrendAnalyzer tra32manualtest.docx 16

17 Edit Menu All functions related to project editing are subsequently detailed Settings... is used to define default settings for the curve diagram of each project and for the selection of tables from the database. Additional definitions determine whether the diagram is a phase diagram or a simple time or XY chart Properties... displays the form in which all display properties of the curve diagram are set (see Chapter 4.). Find... Curve points can be found in a curve following the defined conditions (see Chapter 4.6). Capture curves All curves of the diagrams are captured to determine the optimal resolution. The assignment between trend groups and y-scales is respected. The display of y-scales is selected such that it shows the required value interval in full size. Capture recording interval The earliest and latest times are read from the data source and entered into the curve configuration. This function is required to evaluate circular archives in control systems. This function can also be predefined in the Settings, so that each time a project is opened the current time is set. tra32manualtest.docx 17

18 View Menu The View menu contains all display objects as well the toolbars required to process a project. The display objects can be hidden or displayed. Toolbars The standard toolbar and the toolbar for formatting curve diagrams can be activated. Status Bar activates the status bar. Database A window containing the display of the data sources can be activated. Curve configuration The configuration which defines the curves of the chart is opened. Curve value table A window is displayed in which curve points are defined in tabular form. The curve value table is displayed for the display and modification of individual curve points. Individual curve points can be deleted from or added to the curve value table. Ruler window If the curve ruler is shifted along the x-axis of the curve diagram (the ruler is normally vertical), the y-values of all curves appear at the respective ruler position. If the curve ruler is shifted along the y-axis of the curve diagram (the ruler is normally horizontal), the values of all y-scales appear at the respective ruler position. MinMax window Minimal and maximal curve values for all curves of a diagram are displayed in an additional window. tra32manualtest.docx 18

19 Format Menu The Format menu is used to modify the curve diagram display. Envelope Curves Envelope curves can be switched on and off. Envelope curves are only displayed when the number of the curve values is so high that the curves cannot be mapped precisely enough any more. Curve Symbols Activates a defined symbol for curve points for each curve. Curve Buttons This menu item activates buttons for all curves. Curves can be displayed or hidden via curve buttons. A tooltip for each curve button displays the curve name. Scale Buttons The position of y-scales can be changed via scale buttons. Scale buttons can be displayed. Black/colored Y-Scales The color assignment between curves and y-scales can be performed. This can also be set via the Settings form. Display Notes A note is displayed for each curve point. The note is entered to the curve value table. Increase Font Size/Decrease Font Size The font size of the scale legend can be adapted to the requirements via menu items. Crosshair pointer/curve Ruler The crosshair pointer or the curve ruler is alternately activated in the chart. tra32manualtest.docx 19

20 Window Menu Projects are displayed in the working range. Cascade This menu item arranges the windows of the curve diagrams in cascades, thereby facilitating the selection of a curve diagram. Tile Horizontally This function tiles curve diagrams. Arrange Symbols Iconized windows of curve diagrams can be listed horizontally. All windows that are just being processed are listed at the end of the menu. The active window is marked. This window also contains information that is entered in the curve value table and in the database table. Help Menu Provides Help functions to the user. Help Topics Starts the Online Help Info about TrendAnalyzer... provides - Information about TrendAnalyzer - Information about the licensee - the current release Info about Components... TrendAnalyzer uses multiple software components. The versions of these components are displayed to detect version conflicts. tra32manualtest.docx 20

21 3.2. Standard Toolbar The functions combined in the standard toolbar are detailed in the following. Each symbol is provided with the associated menu item. File - New A new project is created. The database and curve configuration windows are still empty. File -Open This function is either used to open a project or to add an additional database to the data source list. The requested file can be selected and opened from dialog window 'Open'. All known file types are listed for selection Text files are generally written when recording measuring data since the requirements are lowest in this case. However, many different formats are used, and the text files therefore have to be converted into a format which can be read without problem by the TrendAnalyzer. In the chapter Importing an MS EXCEL or text file", the conversion is described in detail. When using text files, it is important to observe the difference between Unicode and ASCII coded files. tra32manualtest.docx 21

22 File - Save This key is activated as soon as a project is edited and modified. It is applied to save a project. File - Import Databases that cannot be edited using DAO drivers are opened via ODBC access. The access to the database must have been configured before. The data source selection is performed via the ODBC dialog. Reading from a database can be cancelled. This function is only offered for databases that are processed via the import function or conversion of text files using the Import wizard. tra32manualtest.docx 22

23 File - Print The currently displayed curve diagram can be printed. The diagram is printed with a legend, providing an association between the curves and curve names. Info Key Information about TrendAnalyzer and the installed licence type is displayed via the Info key. tra32manualtest.docx 23

24 3.3. Formatting Bar The functions combined in the Formatting bar are detailed in the following. Each symbol is provided with the associated menu item. The Formatting bar provides direct access to the most important functions for the configuration of a curve diagram. Edit - Capture Curves All curves currently displayed in the curve diagram are mapped in the highest possible resolution. The assignment of curve groups to y-scales is respected Edit - Properties Activates the curves for setting the interactive and graphic properties of the curve diagram. Edit - Find This button displays a form for searching curve values in individual curves of the diagram. Search criteria may be defined (see Chapter 4.6). Format - Envelope Curves The display of envelope curves can be activated or deactivated for all curves of a diagram. When the display of envelope curves is switched on and the diagram contains a large number of curve points, the display is automatically switched from vector display of the curves to envelope curve display. The envelope curve can be hatched or dithered. A mean value line can be displayed in addition (see Chapter 4.3). Format - Curve Symbols The curve points can be displayed as symbols. The sequence of the curve points to be displayed as symbols can be set in the Properties form of the curve diagram. Each curve has its own symbol. Format - Curve Buttons The curve buttons are provided for showing and hiding the curves in the diagram. The curve buttons can be arranged on top of the curve diagram or at the y-scales and can be activated or deactivated. tra32manualtest.docx 24

25 Format Scale Buttons To display curve groups e.g. horizontally on top of each other the scales can be shifted by means of scale buttons. When the selected scale is moved, the echo shows where the scale is positioned. Format - Black/colored Y-Scales This function allows the distinguishing of multiple scales by colors. The assignment between curves and y-scales can thus be performed visually by colors. Format - Display Notes Notes entered at curve points in the curve value table are shown or hidden in the curve diagram.. Format - Increase Font Size As soon as you increase the font size of the scale legend in the curve diagram by one step, the readability is better from a larger distance to the monitor Format - Decrease Font Size As soon as you decrease the font size of the scale legend in the curve diagram by one step, the display space of the diagram is increased. When the font size is reduced to a minimum, the overview bars are hidden Format - Increase Scale Size Increases distance between scale and scale name. Overwriting scale description and scale name can be thus avoided. Format Decrease Scale Size Decreases distance between scale and scale name. Thus more space is available for the chart. Format Adjust y-scales height Height of all stacked y-scales in a diagram are set identical. tra32manualtest.docx 25

26 Format - Ruler The curve ruler is enabled (the crosshair is then switched off) or switched off. The curve ruler appears in the diagram as soon as the cursor comes close to the edge of a diagram, and the cursor symbol assumes the echo curve ruler. The ruler window shows the values and names of all curves at the respective position of the ruler. If the ruler is shifted, the displayed values change accordingly. If the curve value table is displayed and a curve is selected, the current position of the ruler is simultaneously shown by an arrow in the curve value table. If you wish to position the curve ruler exactly at measured values, select the desired value in the curve value table and then shift the curve ruler step-by-step using the cursor keys on the keyboard. Format - Crosshair The crosshair is enabled. The curve ruler is thus switched off. The crosshair appears as soon as the cursor is positioned in the diagram. The crosshair can be used to shift curves and to display the values of scales at the point of intersection of the crosshair in the ruler window. tra32manualtest.docx 26

27 3.4. Operating Range This section describes the operating range of the TrendAnalyzer Main Window. All curve diagrams which are edited at the same time can also be viewed in the operating range. Each curve diagram is displayed in a separate window. Switching over from one window to another is possible. Entries to the database and the curve configuration are therefore consistently applied. The table for the configuration of the curve diagram (see Chapter 6.) showing the parameters of the curves of the currently active curve diagram is contained in a docking window. The table contains the following entries for each curve: data source, table columns for values of the x- and y-axis value interval for the x-axis inscription of the curve-associated scales Another docking window displays the databases of the active curve diagram (see Chapter 5) showing: all databases provided for the selection of curves in one project the tables and their columns in the databases The following picture shows two projects which can be evaluated in parallel and configured as alternatives: The third docking window contains the curve value table in which the curve points with x-value, y-value, status and notes are listed for each curve (see Chapter Error! Reference source not found..). The fourth docking window is the ruler window in which the position of the ruler on the x-axis and the values of all visible curves are displayed on the ruler. tra32manualtest.docx 27

28 The trend calculator is displayed in an independent window. It is displayed individually for each curve via the curve configuration and applies the mathematical form for calculating a curve (see Chapter 8.) Status Bar The status line of the TrendAnalyzer main window contains two cells: The first cell displays the current function. When a curve is loaded from a data source, a progress bar displays the current status in the second status cell Project Properties A form can be opened via submenu item Settings... of menu item Edit in which general settings of the curve diagram are defined. The form has 4 pages of the following content: Databases - Columns Default: empty When the measured curves in tables are of the same structure (X-value, Y-value, state) the configuration can be accelerated by means of this setting. Each single column would not have to be applied to the configuration (see Chapter 5.1). Learning video BuildAccessd.avi provides contextual examples. tra32manualtest.docx 28

29 Databases - Field data types Default: no text With databases for which the formatting of the x-coordinate values was not defined (integer, rational numbers or time values) a default setting is used as text format. The syntax defined in the driver of the database is used for the conversion of the text format into an integer, rational or time value. Field data type text must be set for files that are read by means of a text driver (e.g. Foxpro tables). Configuration - Phase diagram Default: inactive A phase diagram must be set before the curves are configured for the diagram. A check is conducted to verify whether the curve points of all curves originate from the same table, i.e. have common x-values. Learning video BuildPhaseDiagramd.avi provides contextual examples. Configuration - Recording period Default: do not capture In circular archives that are directly edited by using TrendAnalyzer, the stored time interval continuously changes. A defined project can be repeatedly reused if the recording interval is automatically logged to an archive. Configuration - Where-Clause Default: not extended When the Where-Clause option is set, an additional column is displayed in the curve configuration which permits the input of database queries. The loading times of curves can then be reduced considerably in large databases. It is additionally possible to display measured-value archives written by Siemens SIMATIC Protool Pro program. Remark: TrendAnalyzer Professional Edition generates from text files that contain all tag names in a column text files or database tables that have one column per tag name with all associated data. tra32manualtest.docx 29

30 Configuration Curve echo Default: active If the cursor strikes over a curve number in the configuration, all curves are greyed out except the selected curve. So a signle curve can be better recognized in a diagram. All curves except the third are greyed out tra32manualtest.docx 30

31 Trend - Curves Default: Field The table name or field name of a table can be used for designating a curve in the curve diagram. When curves are downloaded from a table, it is useful to name them by field names to distinguish the curves. Trend - Y-Scale Default: Field Following the loading of a curve, the name of the table from which the curve originates may be used as the standard legend of a y-scale. The field name in a table may also be used as an alternative. The inscription of the y-scale may be changed in the curve configuration at any time (see Chapter 4.5). Trend - Capture curves Default: manually captured When a curve is displayed, it can be automatically captured, i.e. displayed in the highest possible resolution. Y-Scale and X-Scale are always displayed in maximum values. Curves should not be captured automatically in the event that e.g. the y-scale is to display the same portion of a value range all the time. Trend - Coolbar active/not active Default: active Using the coolbar a page wise scrolling of the x-scale through a chart by a preselected interval is supported. The coolbar is only provided von horizontal charts. tra32manualtest.docx 31

32 General - Window position Default: not loaded The position of the open docked windows (e.g. databases, curve value table) is stored in the project files. Either this stored arrangement of windows may be displayed or the configuration of the windows resulting from the current editing may be continued when a project is reloaded. General MinMax map If the MinMax window is opened by using the view menu entry minimal and maximal value of the whole curve data of all curves or of curve data within the displayed section are shown. Minimal and maximal value of the whole curve data tra32manualtest.docx 32

33 Minimal and maximal values within the displayed section General CSV Separator If text files are used as archives, the field separator can be directly defined in this form. tra32manualtest.docx 33

34 4. Curve Diagram This chapter describes the adjustable properties of the curve diagram and of curves, as well as the working with curve diagrams. A curve diagram is displayed in a window of the working range. Curve diagrams are displayed in various forms. A form is called by double-click on the diagram or via menu item Edit - Properties. This form is provided for setting the properties Modify scale range interactively The scale section can be modified directly using a mouse or a comparable positioning device. The echo of the cursor shows if the represented section of the total range of values of the measured curve is reduced, enlarged or moved. TrendViewer always ensures that all curves which are assigned to a scale in the trend window are changed proportionally with the scale. The left side of an x-scale or the bottom edge of a y-scale is changed by using the left mouse button. The right edge of an x-scale or the top edge of a y-scale is changed by using the right mouse button. Each opposite edge remains unchanged. Reducing a range (Zoom In) Mouse with 3 buttons Mouse with 2 buttons Appearance before and after the shift Reducing a range causes an enlarged display of details from the total range of values of the measured curves. The cutout can be reduced until the selected minimum resolution of the scale display is achieved. Enlarging a range (Zoom Out) Mouse with 3 buttons Mouse with 2 buttons Appearance before and after the shift tra32manualtest.docx 34

35 Enlarging a section results in the reduced representation of details of the total range of values of the measured curves. The range can be enlarged until the maximum upper limit or the minimum lower limit of the scale display is reached. Shifting a range (Panning): Mouse with Mouse with Mouse with 3 buttons 2 buttons wheel Appearance before and after moving Shifting a range results in the representation of another part of the entire range of values of the measured curves, without changing the details. The range can be moved until the limits of the scale representation are reached. The left and right mouse button are simultaneously pressed and the mouse is moved to the right or to the left. tra32manualtest.docx 35

36 4.2. Properties of the Curve Diagram All interactive and graphic properties of the curve diagram are set via a form with several pages. The following properties of the curve diagram are set on the general page of the properties form. General - Diagram - Background Default: Form background color specifies the color around the curve display field. You should always select a color that presents a large contrast to the scale legends General - Diagram - Curve display field Default: white specifies the color of the curve display field. General - Diagram - Vertical Default: horizontal The standard display of the curve diagrams shows horizontal X-scales and vertical Y-scales. This option allows setting the X-scales vertically and the Y-scales horizontally. The quality of the display can then be similar to that of a graphic plotter. tra32manualtest.docx 36

37 The following pictures initially show a classical y/t diagram with high y-values at the top and the most recent time on the right. The second picture shows a plotter like display. tra32manualtest.docx 37

38 General - Diagram - Strip charts Default: left side The display of curves is restricted to strip charts dividing the curve display field in the width of the assigned Y- scales. General - Overview bars Default: active Overview bars displaying the visible selection compared to the total range of values can be assigned to the scales. The maximum range of values can be directly specified for Y-scales (see Chapter Error! Reference source not found..). The range of values read from the databases is valid for the X-scales. The maximum range for the X-scales can be restricted by adjusting the x-axis and by applying the set values to the curve configuration (see Chapter Error! Reference source not found..). General - Font - Fixed size Default: variable size If the size of the curve diagram window changes, the font size is adapted automatically. This option defines a fixed font size. tra32manualtest.docx 38

39 General - Font - Style Default: Arial, Normal, 11 Points Font family, font style and font effects can also be modified using a special form. General - Font - only horizontal Default: horizontal This setting remarkably improves the readability of the scale legends of vertical scales. All curve diagram inscriptions can be set to horizontal display. General - Font - Legend width Default: 120% It may occur that the space provided for horizontal legends of vertically running scales is insufficient. Consequently, this may lead to an incomplete display of the legend and falsification of the indicated values. The width provided for the legend can therefore be increased in steps until all of the legend is visible. The left figure shows a width of 100%, the one in the middle 130%, and the right figure shows a width of 190%. General - Auxiliary lines Default: 25% The curve display field can be divided by auxiliary lines thus making it easier for the reader to read the curves. The step width and the width, style and color of the auxiliary lines are selectable. When the auxiliary lines should not be visible, a step width of 0 or 100% must be selected. The auxiliary lines must not be confused with the limit lines which can be displayed individually for each curve. tra32manualtest.docx 39

40 4.3. Interactions Settings Settings Interactions of the curve diagram are selected on the second page of the Property form and affect the curve diagram editing. Interactions - Buttons - Curve buttons Default: on top Curve buttons are arranged on top of the scales (horizontal display) or around the scales depending on the setting. The curve buttons are used for hiding and showing single curves. The curve color and the curve symbols are assigned to the curve buttons. Note: If the curve buttons do not appear even though they have been switched on, the font selected for the inscription is too small. A tooltip for each curve button shows the name of the curve and the assigned scale. Interactions - Buttons - Scale buttons Default: shown Scale buttons in TrendAnalyzer also allow changing of the position of Y-scales. Y-scales of a horizontal diagram may be arranged left, right, side by side or on top of each other. A scale is moved by selecting a scale button and thus moving the scale. An echo is displayed for each scale. The position of the scale becomes visible while it is shifted (see Chapter 3.3). The mouse key is released when the requested position is set. A tooltip for each scale button shows the name of the scale. This is particularly helpful in the case of scales for binary curves. tra32manualtest.docx 40

41 Interactions - Zoom Default: Zoom active All curves of the diagram can be shifted simultaneously using the mouse and the displayed view can be decreased or increased. The cursor is therefore placed on the curve display field and moved via the pressed left, middle or right mouse key. When using a mouse with 2 buttons, both buttons must be pressed as a substitute for the missing center button. The cursor appears in the following manner depending on the currently pressed mouse key: Left mouse key: left bottom edge is moved Middle mouse key or both keys: curve display field is moved Right mouse key: right top edge is moved When the zoom is deactivated, the view of the curve diagram can always be changed directly via the scales A learning video is available to demonstrate these interactions. Interactions - Zoom - Lasso Zoom Default: off In this function, the left mouse (left key pressed) is used to drag a rectangle in the curve display field (the echo shows the size of the view), which is released to cover the entire curve display field. This function can also be used to select a view from the curve diagram displaying a detail of the curve characteristics. You can switch back and forth between the last two fields by kicking with the right mouse button. Interactions - Data window Default: inactive Sliding the cursor along the scales will insert the scale values at the cursor position in an active window. The background and font colors for the value display are selectable. When the curve buttons are activated, the curve name with the curve color and the name of the assigned Y- scale are displayed as you slide the cursor over the curve buttons. When sliding over a Y-scale, the name of the Y-scale is always displayed. This is particularly helpful if the name is not written out completely or with scales for binary values. Interactions - Crosshair Default: inactive The x and y-values of curve points can be directly read on the scales using the crosshair. If the ruler window is switched on, the exact scale values of all visible scales are displayed. tra32manualtest.docx 41

42 Interactions - Ruler Default: active Two rulers are designed for alternate use. The rulers are shifted parallel to the sides of the curve diagram. A ruler can only be activated when the cursor is moved towards the edge of the curve display field. The cursor changes its appearance depending on the type of edge and as the mouse is moved further. The ruler can be moved along the curve display field holding the left mouse key down. Cursor echo for vertical ruler Cursor echo for horizontal ruler Interactions - Ruler - Style Line width, line style and line color are selectable. tra32manualtest.docx 42

43 Ruler Window When the vertical ruler is used (in a horizontally-oriented diagram), the ruler window will contain the value of the x-axis as well as the curve values instead of the ruler. Every entry to the ruler window comprises the curve color and the curve and scale name assigned to the curve. The values of the y-axis are displayed in the ruler window when a horizontal ruler is used. tra32manualtest.docx 43

44 4.4. Curve Display The curve display is set on the third page of the Property form. With the initial display of the form, some columns appear too narrow. Double-clicking the heading row will resize the width of column such that e.g. the entire curve name becomes readable. Curves - X-Scale, Y-Scale, ID The assignment of each curve of the chart to the corresponding X-Scale or Y-Scale is entered to the table. The curve number listed in the curve value table and the name of the curve must be entered to column ID. The curve name is defined according to the entry in form Project Properties (see Chapter 3.6). Curves - Style Default: linear The junction between curve points can be mapped as a linear curve or a step curve. The step is drawn when the right curve point is reached or in between two curve points. A binary curve only assumes values of 0 and 1. Curves - Average Default: not displayed specifies whether an average curve is to be drawn into the envelope display. Curves - Edited Default: not editable specifies whether a curve or a curve point can be shifted with the mouse. Curves StateNo Default: 0 10 state numbers with associated color and line style display can be defined. tra32manualtest.docx 44

45 Curves State Value Default: a given state value state value assigned to the state number. Given a state value for a certain curve point, the line between the previous curve point and the certain curve point will be drawn using color, width and line style assigned tot he state number. Curves - Color, Line style Default: solid The curve color can be changed using a specific form. The line style can be solid, dashed or dotted. Curves - Width, Marker Default: 0 The width can be set between 0 (hairline) and 10 point. The line width is also taken into account in the printout of the curve diagram. Curve symbols are used on the one hand to differentiate the curves in the diagram printout, and on the other hand to mark the measuring points in the diagram. A unique symbol is assigned to each curve. Which curve point is to be identified by a marker (every one, every second one etc.) can be set for each curve. Curves Draw symbol always, Draw symbol in curve color Default: Draw symbol always, not in curve color If the line between curve points is not drawn, e.g. the state of the curve value suppresses drawing, curve symbols of the curve points can still be displayed. Symbols are displayed according to the state number or curve color. Curves - Fill style Default: filled If an envelope curve is displayed or if the curve is flooded, the area can be filled or displayed with one of 6 hatching symbols (e.g. vertical). tra32manualtest.docx 45

46 Curves - Flood style Default: none Is a flood style is not set, the envelope curve can nevertheless be switched on using the tool from the Format toolbar (see Chapter 3.3). The flood style defines whether the area between the curve and a constant line is to be flooded, or between the curve and a second curve. Curves - Flood value or curve Default: -1 (switched off) Either the value of the constant line or the number of the second curve is specified which is to limit the flooded area. Curves - Threshold value Default: 4000 Defines the number of curve points when curve display is switched to an envelope curve display. Curves - Average on envelope Default: switched off Defines the display of the average curve in addition to the envelope curve. tra32manualtest.docx 46

47 Curves - Limit line Default: not displayed Two individual border lines can be defined for each curve. These limit lines are displayed in the curve-specific color and mark values like e.g. limit values. The positions of the limit lines are specified in absolute curve values (y-values). Curves - Calibration Default: YGain 1, YOffset 0 The complete curve is spread by the specified factor (YGain) or shifted by an absolute value (YOffset). The limiting line for flooding is also calibrated. However, the limit lines are not affected by the calibration. tra32manualtest.docx 47

48 In the following curve diagram, a curve is displayed in accordance with the properties set in the previous pictures. Individual attributes are: Style: staircase (right), Color: red, Line width: 2, Marker: at every 60th curve point, Flood against a constant line with the value 2.0, Fill style: diagonal 1 hatching, Limit lines: 1.0 and 4.0 tra32manualtest.docx 48

49 4.5. Scale Display Further properties of the curve diagram refer to the up to 31 Y-scales and the two possible X-scales on opposite sides that can be edited individually. The penultimate card of the properties form is used for the X-scales. X-Scales - ID The name of the X-scale defined by the configuration of the curve diagram is specified. X-Scales - Scale - Color Default: black Can be set as desired using a separate dialog. X-Scales - Scale - Type Default: Time A clear distinction is made in time scales regarding the time (absolute date) and the duration. Value scales are divided into two types. They may have linear scales or angular scales. Angular scales are divided into angular seconds and angular minutes. A logarithmic scale display is also possible, provided that the range of values of the X-scale does not contain zero. X-Scales - Scale - Mirrored Default: no This option is set when the X-scale is to display values rising from right to left. X-Scales - Auxiliary line Default: invisible, Step 3600 (time scale) The readability of curves and especially of the X-scale in curves can be enhanced by placing a grid of equidistant auxiliary lines on the curve display field. The step width is indicated in seconds in time scales. The tra32manualtest.docx 49

50 color, width and the style of the auxiliary lines can also be predefined. Width 0 activates the display of hairlines. X-Scales - Range - Resolution Default: The resolution is specified (in seconds for time scales) to define the accuracy of the value in the data window Define data types as well as the minimum scale interval to be displayed. The scale division is also influenced by specifying the resolution. The interval that is displayed in a scale at a minimum resolution is twice as large as the resolution. The scale division is one step finer. X-Skales - Capture Default: capture Capturing of curves related to an X-scale can be switched on or off. The properties of the Y-scales are set on the last page of the Property form of the curve diagram. Y-Scales - ID An ID and a legend are entered for each scale. The inscription is done in the curve configuration. Y-Scales - Scale - Color Default: color of the first assigned curve The default color can be changed. Y-scales are switched from black to colored by using the tool from the format toolbox or menu item Format - Y-Scales black/colored. Y-Scales - Scale - Type Default: decimal Y-Scales can be of linear, logarithmic or angular type. Linear and logarithmic scales are displayed in decimal division. Angular scales are divided into angular seconds and angular minutes. Logarithmic scale divisions can only be displayed when the range of the Y-scale is switched to positive. If a binary curve is assigned to the scale, the scale inscription is only 0 and 1. tra32manualtest.docx 50

51 Y-Scales - Scale - mirrored Default: normal This option is set when the Y-scale is to display values from upward to downward direction. Y-Scales - Auxiliary line Default: invisible An equidistant grid was defined for the X-scales and can also be defined for the Y-scales. The step width is set many times higher than the resolution of the ranges. Color, width and style of the auxiliary lines can be adjusted. Y-Scales - Range Default: Min , Max , Resolution The minimum and the maximum values which can be displayed, as well as the resolution of a Y-scale, are entered in these fields. Y-Skales - Capture Default: capture Capturing of curves related to an Y-scale can be switched on or off. tra32manualtest.docx 51

52 The settings of the x- and y-axes of the following pictures are: X-scale: limit lines every 3600 seconds, light grey, 1 pixel width Y-scale: limit lines every 0.5 units, light grey, dashed, 1 pixel width Using a larger time interval the same curve diagram looks like the following picture. tra32manualtest.docx 52

53 4.6. Comparing Curves In the case of recurring procedures, for example in production processes, the curves of process variables can be compared with a defined ideal response or with previous cycles. Using the TrendAnalyzer it is easy to detect deviations and to then examine them in more detail. The following two pictures clarify this procedure. Comparison of two daily curves The same measured value is assigned to the two x-axes on a 2 hours basis, and superimposed. The auxiliary lines of the two x-axes provide a reference point for the superimposition. The same y-scale is used for comparison. Analysis of deviation Part of the diagram can be magnified using the Lasso zoom, enabling a clearer display of the deviation between the two curves. tra32manualtest.docx 53

54 Comparison with a setpoint curve If a setpoint curve is defined, and if the deviations of actual curves are to be displayed qualitatively and quantitatively, this can be carried out extremely simply by shifting one of the two curves. In order to carry out a proportional comparison of curves, they are assigned to the same Y-scale. In the following picture, the shifted curve is identified by its color and line thickness. tra32manualtest.docx 54

55 4.7. Searching Curve Values The following form is provided for searching curve values in specified curves of the chart. Curve A curve can be selected from the currently displayed curves of the diagram. Value Specifies the value you want to find. The curve running through the indicated value or equality with the value can be set. Tolerance A bandwidth of the search value defining admissible values is entered. Inner tolerance defines a band within which the searched value must be. Outer tolerance defines a value that must not be within the defined tolerance band. This enables e.g. outliers in a curve of measured values to be found. forward The search for a curve (y)-value starts with the smallest x-value and is proceeded with higher values. If this option is not set, the search direction is inverted. Find Next The search is continued step by step up to the end of the curve (highest x-value in forward direction). Search for min/max value: Limited to viewing area Search for minimum or maximum y-value is limited to the actual view of the diagram. tra32manualtest.docx 55

56 Minimum Y-value search for the minimum y-value. The value is displayed in (). Maximum Y-value search for the maximum y-value. The value is displayed in (). Search results are marked by the ruler and displayed in the ruler window. tra32manualtest.docx 56

57 4.8. Cool Bar In addition to the zoom and shift functions that can be directly applied by using the mouse to the scales, exact intervals may be defined via the cool bar enabling scrolling of a curve page by page or setting of the visible interval step by step. The browse bar is active when the curve diagram is displayed horizontally. The browse bar is assigned to the x-axis and is displayed as soon as the mouse pointer is placed below the bottom x-axis or above the upper x- axis. The browse bar can be fixed. The browse bar contains ten elements which become visible when they are accessible: Scroll to the beginning Scroll backward Zoom out, doubles the size of the selection until the entire range of values is set Zoom in, reduces the selection to half of the original size until a minimum selection is set tra32manualtest.docx 57

58 Time range can be set using absolute date and time values Maximal interval of X-Axis is set for curve diagram Maximal interval of Y-Axis is set for curve diagram Scroll forward Scroll to the end Cool bar fixing The selection of the X-interval is accessible when the curve ruler of the x-axis is activated. An interval can be selected directly. The selection of the curve diagram is set immediately when it is within the range of values. The curve ruler is moved to the middle of the selection such that changes of the selection can be easily tracked. tra32manualtest.docx 58

59 4.9. Display Envelope Curves Envelope curves can be activated or deactivated simultaneously for all curves of the diagram. The fill style of envelope curves can be set in the curve diagram properties. tra32manualtest.docx 59

60 4.10. Curve Display An envelope curve is displayed when the number of curve points exceeds a certain dimension. The fill style can be empty, dithered or hatched. A curve of mean values can be displayed in addition to the envelope curve. tra32manualtest.docx 60

61 4.11. Display Phase Diagram A phase diagram is used when the ratio of a measured value to another or to several others over a defined time span is to be analyzed. To compare a measured value with the other values its scale must be placed parallel to the time scale. A requirement of a phase diagram is that the measured values originate from the same table or from a corresponding query and consequently all have the same time stamp. The phase diagram is activated via Settings form (see Chapter 3.6). Following the arrangement of the configuration, the Y-scale of the measured value that is to be compared with the remaining measured values can be placed parallel to the time axis by using the scale button. In order to display a cloud of curve points, the line style has to be set to invisible and symbols have to be switched on. For the next image time axis, x- and y-scale in the diagram were restricted. tra32manualtest.docx 61

62 5. Data Sources A curve diagram from a data source or a csv-formatted file can only be displayed once the data source has been connected with TrendAnalyzer. There are two ways to open data sources: by using menu item File - Open or the respective tool in the standard toolbar. ACCESS databases, EXCEL spreadsheets, text files and dbase files can be opened in this manner. by using menu item File - Import or the respective tool in the standard toolbar. All databases which are connected to an ODBC driver can be opened this way (see Chapter 3.2). The database table displays all data sources which are used for a project. The window can be docked to the main window. When a new data source is opened, the path and the display of a database are initially visible in a directory. The tables of the data source and the fields in the tables can be opened step by step. The structure of the data source can then be identified. The following figure shows how a data source is opened step by step : tra32manualtest.docx 62

63 5.1. Read from a Data Source The fields of a table can be assigned to the x-coordinate or the y-coordinate of a curve in the curve configuration in the following manner: The name of the field is selected and moved to the requested column of a curve in the curve configuration by means of drag & drop. The name of the field is entered in the corresponding column of the curve configuration. When the first coordinate of a curve is processed, the name of the data source is entered automatically. When the second coordinate of a curve is processed, the table is read from the data source and the minimum and maximum values of the x-coordinate are read and entered into the curve configuration. If several curves with the same time tag are combined in a table, the time tag is automatically inserted starting with the second curve incorporated into the curve configuration. The transfer of tables to the curve configuration can be accelerated by defining the assignment of the fields to the curve coordinates for all following tables in the Project Properties form (see Chapter 3.6). tra32manualtest.docx 63

64 5.2. Importing an MS EXCEL or Text File Many data loggers write measured data together with a time tag into text files which can then be viewed e.g. with Microsoft EXCEL and graphically displayed as curves. In most cases it is possible to export data archives out of control systems to text files that can be evaluated using TrendAnalyzer. TrendAnalyzer is able to import and process text files exported from Siemens Protool or WinCC flexible or from Zenon by Copadata. Since EXCEL cannot load more than data records, extensive series of measurements are not read completely. At the latest in this case, TrendAnalyzer is the better tool for displaying measured curves. Although text files are almost always written in CSV format (comma separated values), the delimiters for date, time, decimal numbers and fields differ. This is a result on the one hand of the country-specific formatting, and on the other hand test programs frequently use their own format. As long as recording of measured data and the TrendAnalyzer are executed on the same PC, the delimiters are identical. However, if recording of measured data and the TrendAnalyzer run on different PCs, for example the data is recorded in Australia and evaluated in Germany, conversion is necessary. Using the Import wizard of the TrendAnalyzer, the delimiters and formats are defined step-by-step and saved in a format file. Using this format file, all data files formatted in the same manner can then be converted to the "standard format" of the TrendAnalyzer on the evaluation PC. Store to a database Big data sets should be stored not to text files but to data tables in a database after import. Access to a database is much faster at load time and management of data is far easier. TrendAnalyzer is prepared to automatically store data sets into databases after import of text files. Joining data sets from many text files Assumed that many text files are provided that contain data sets of different sets of measurement points at the same time interval, it is possible to join all data sets to one text file or data table in a database. The target data contain only those data sets that are acquired at the same time interval. If many text files containing data sets of the same set of measurement points but for different data acquisition periods are provided, they can also be added to one text file or data table in a database. In this manner, weekly files or monthly files can be produced e.g. from daily files, and are then saved and evaluated in a continuous file. Two steps are necessary if text files are repeatedly provided from the same or different measuring instruments: 1) A text file supplied from each source is used to generate an import format file which then serves as an import template for all further text files from the same source. 2) Text files supplied from the same source can subsequently be converted and processed with the TrendAnalyzer. If several text files are opened simultaneously, a field must be specified - this is usually the time tag - via which all files are concatenated. Therefore if conversion of text files is necessary, it is always necessary to initially select the appropriate import format file and then all text files which are to be processed in one step. tra32manualtest.docx 64

65 General Structure of Text Files that can be processed TrendAnalyzer expects the following delimiters in order to read a text file without fault: Field delimiter: ; (semicolon) Date delimiter: - (minus sign) Time delimiter: : (colon) Decimal delimiter:, (comma) The date format is: Year-Month-Day The time format is: Hour:Minute:Second (milliseconds are ignored) The number format is: Integer,Decimal fraction (at least four digits) The first line of a text file should contain identifiers which specify the time tag as well as the name of all measuring points from which the data have been saved. The measuring point names are used as curve names. The format of text files often does not correspond to the above described format. Therefore the import wizard is used to convert the given format to the required one. Examples of text files exported out of some systems: 1. Data sets from a smart device This format can be directly used for processing by TrendAnalyzer 2. PLC for building management systems Column (s) can be omitted, Date and Time have to be joined to one column and the date format has to be adjusted 3. Text files exported from a Protool or WinCC flexible archive The first column contains the name of the measuring point of each record. This name is the header of a column within the destination data set. Date format has to be adjusted. Columns validity and Time_ms can be omitted. tra32manualtest.docx 65

66 4. Test files exported from a Zenon archive Names of columns have to be added. Date format has to be adjusted, date and time must be combined in a column. The third column contains names of measuring points. These names will be the titles of the columns in the destination data set. Column SPONT can be omitted. tra32manualtest.docx 66

67 5.3. Use of the Import Wizard The steps for structuring a format file, the dialog pages of the wizard, and importing of a text file are explained below. Use the Open... dialog to select the Import wizard and then a text file whose format is to be converted into the standard format of the TrendAnalyzer. tra32manualtest.docx 67

68 Selecting file format (Professional Edition only) The first step defines the file format of the text file to be imported, whether it is exported from an archive of the control systems WinCC flexible or Zenon. If names of measuring points are titles of columns in the text file, it is possible to join data sets that have the same time interval from different text files with the same layout to one text file or data table in a database. The option combine data sets can then be used. tra32manualtest.docx 68

69 Defining field names and delimiters (all editions) The first value lines of the text file, the headline (e.g. date, time, measuring point name) if available - as well as the field delimiters are defined in this step of the wizard. Several leading lines can be entered in the text file to unequivocally identify the measured data. If there are no lines with field names in the file, the curves cannot be named or used for curve configuration of the diagrams. A field name line is therefore inserted by the wizard using default names that can be edited in a later step of the wizard. The first lines of the text file are displayed in the table. The format can thus be recognized, and specified for the conversion. The result of the specification can be seen in the table on the next page of the wizard. tra32manualtest.docx 69

70 Define reference point (Professional Edition only) If records collected in several text files shall be joined, the column that contains date and time has to be defined. In case date and time are located in two different columns, both columns have to be defined as reference points. They will be combined in a later step of the wizard. If time stamps are ascending in the records of a text file (this is true in most cases), records must not be sorted. That significantly accelerates the import of records. tra32manualtest.docx 70

71 Select all files for join (Professional Edition only) This optional step defines one sample text file that has the same format and reference point as all other text files that are handled at the same time. The set of similar text files will be joined during data import. calls file open dialog. After selecting an additional text file it is checked whether it contains records within the same time interval given by the first selected file. If this is not true an error message appears. removes a file from the list. During this wizard step all data types of the columns are defined. All columns that shall not be transferred to the destination data set, are selected too. In addition column names can be changed if they are not available in the source text files. tra32manualtest.docx 71

72 Define data types (all editions) The data types of the fields are specified in the text file. These are basically the date, time and numeric or text data types. A data type must be specified for each field. A floating-point number is set by default since measured values are normally involved. The respective field is selected in the heading line of the table. If fields are not to be imported because they are irrelevant to the investigation, they can be filtered out during the import process. tra32manualtest.docx 72

73 Define format and delimiter for date and time (all editions) The date and time formats used in the text file are selected in this step of the wizard. Particular attention must be paid to specification of the month and date sequence in the data, otherwise the diagram will be displayed incorrectly. In the example, the date delimiter is a period sign. If the date and time have been saved in two separate fields of the text file, the two fields must be combined in a further step of the wizard. tra32manualtest.docx 73

74 Define decimal symbol for data (all editions) This step defines the decimal delimiter which was used in the text file. All information on the field delimiters and formats used in the text file have thus been entered. tra32manualtest.docx 74

75 Merge date and time (all editions) In most data archives every record contains a time stamp. The time stamp consists of date and time if an absolute point of time is defined. The time stamp has to be located in one column. If data curves are recorded starting at a certain point of time (e.g. start of batch processing), then only a relative time is stored. Merging of date and time is omitted then. tra32manualtest.docx 75

76 Merge data of identical structured text files (all editions) This step of the wizard prepares concatenation of identical structured test files. Measurement records are often written in one text file per time period (e.g. one day). TrendAnalyzer provides an import of many text files with identical structure that are related to different time periods. Data curves that cover the whole time period can thus be displayed without interruption. In order to get the correct sequence of files one data field for sorting normally the time stamp has to be defined. tra32manualtest.docx 76

77 Define destination file or database table (Prof. Edition only) There is a choice to store the imported set of text files in a single destination text file or one data table in an ACCESS database. The format defined by the previous steps of the wizard is used. tra32manualtest.docx 77

78 Generate template file (all editions) The last step of the wizard offers the creation of a format file which can be repeatedly used for converting text files formatted with the same structure. The format file is written using the Finish button, and conversion of the text file selected at the beginning is commenced. Depending on the file size, the conversion may take several minutes. A directory with the name of the text file in which the converted file is saved is created as a result of the conversion. This guarantees that the original file is not overwritten. Converted files can be used repeatedly for evaluation. tra32manualtest.docx 78

79 Import ProTool, WinCC or Zenon text files (Professional Edition only) Text files exported from archives of Protool, WinCC or Zenon contain a special field that defines the measurement point (TAG or Varname) of every data record. All measured values of a measurement point are collected in one column by the import procedure. The columns have the measurement point (TAG) as header in the destination text file or database table. The image on the wizard page shows the conversion procedure. The abbreviations have the following meaning: DT DateTime, the time stamp DT<i> is one time stamp for a certain record TAG Measurement point TAG<i> a certain measurement point VAL measurement value VAL<i> a certain measurement value The sequence of records in a text file group all measurement point and value couples for the same time stamp. tra32manualtest.docx 79

80 Define measurement point column (Professional Edition only) This page defines the column that contains the measurement point for every record. Protool and WinCC text files name this column VarName. Zenon text files do not have a headline. Default names (Field1, Field2 etc.) are inserted that can later be edited. After definition of the column for measurement point, wizard steps Define reference point, Define data types, Define format and delimiter for date and time, Define decimal symbol for data are executed. After the optional step Merge date and time and Merge data of identical structured text files the following step is executed that defines the contents of the destination table or text file. tra32manualtest.docx 80

81 Select measurement points (Professional Edition only) All measurement points that are found in the corresponding column are listed for selection. Selected measurement points are shown in a preview table on this page. This clearly shown which measurement point will be generated in the database table or text file after processing the import procedure. Steps Define destination file or database table and Generate template file will follow this wizard step. tra32manualtest.docx 81

82 5.4. Write single curve to an ACCESS database or a csv File A curve of a diagram can only be written into a database table or into a csv file when it is visible in the diagram. All values of a curve ranging between X-Min and X-Max are read from the diagram and may be provided with status information and written back into the database. Only curves that were loaded from a database table can be written to an ACCESS database or a csv file. A curve is prevented from being written back to the database from which it was loaded. Erroneous overwriting of the data source is thus prevented. First, the database or the file directory to which a curve is written must be opened. When writing csv files, at least one file must be contained in the directory. A curve is written from the curve configuration to the database starting in field ID by drag & drop. The name of the new table or the csv file can be changed. Databases or data directories which may be written to a curve are displayed with an echo when they are touched. tra32manualtest.docx 82

83 Following the entry to the target database it is possible to change the name of the created table or the csv file. When assigning a name, please make sure that you only use valid characters in the file or table name. tra32manualtest.docx 83

84 6. Curve configuration The curve configuration defines the curves displayed in the diagram with their database, the x-range, the assignment to their x- and y-scale, and the inscription of the scales. The curve configuration is displayed in a docking window. A maximum of 10 curves (31 curves in case of Standard or Professional Edition) can be entered into the curve configuration of the curve diagram. The columns have the following meaning: State Curves that are displayed in the curve diagram are ticked. Should the curve not be visible, it can be captured by the lasso and drawn to the curve display field. If the curve is still not visible, its curve button may have been switched to invisible. identifies a curve that originates from a database. identifies curves that were calculated by the curve calculator. identifies curves that were edited by modifying, deleting and adding curve points. When an error occurred during the curve data transfer, a message is displayed in the status field. Corresponding error messages are displayed. The project attempts to access a database that does not exist. Curve cannot be used in the diagram as e.g. it cannot be applied to a phase diagram (the curve originates from a table different from the remaining curves of the phase diagram). ID An ID number is assigned to each curve. This number helps identify the curve in forms for setting properties in the curve diagram. Database The path and the name of the data source are entered. X-Values The name of the table and that of the field which was assigned to the x-coordinate of the curve are entered here. tra32manualtest.docx 84

85 Y-Values The name of the table and that of the field which was assigned to the y-coordinate of the curve are entered here. Y-State The table name and the name of the field that was assigned to the y-state of the curve points are entered here. X-Min, X-Max When the x- and y-coordinates of the curve are named after field names, TrendAnalyzer reads out the minimum and the maximum for the x-coordinate from the table and enters the values. X-Min and X-Max can further be delimited. In case of time values, TrendAnalyzer offers a selection of useful units such as hour, day or month. These time intervals always need to be entered relative to the other values (X-Min or X-Max). Y-State value When reading the table, all occurring state values are saved and offered in a list (and are displayed by doubleclicking a field). Curve points with the entered state value are displayed in the curve. X-Scale The scale ID and the legend of the two possible x-scales are entered into this column. The first x-scale is initially used for assigning information from the data source to the curve configuration. The second x-scale can be selected from a list. The legend is changed by double-click on a field of the table column. The text is subsequently overwritten. All entries to the table which are associated with the same scale are consistently transcribed. Y-Scale The scale ID and the legend of one of the ten possible y-scales are entered into this column. An individual y- scale is initially assigned to each curve when information from the data source is allocated to the curve configuration. Another y-scale can be selected from a list. Different curves can thus be assigned later to the same y-scale. The scale legend assignment can either be taken from the field name, the table name or both field and table names. The setting is made in the form Project Properties (see Chapter 3.6). The legend of a y-scale is changed by double-clicking the field in the table column to open it and overwrite the text. All entries in the table pertaining to the same scale are consistently transcribed. Sorted The curve points may be contained unsorted in the database table. TrendAnalyzer will sort them as soon as this column is selected for a curve. The sorting procedure need not be applied when the table is already sorted on x-coordinates. tra32manualtest.docx 85

86 Tooltip There is a tooltip for every field with which the complete contents of a field can also be displayed even if the column width has been reduced for space reasons. When marking a curve configuration line whose curve was calculated by a curve calculator, the formula is displayed by a tooltip. The curve configuration can be edited by a context menu that contains the following entries: All curves activates the display of all lines of the curve configuration or only of those lines containing entries. Apply X-range for curve group The X-Min to X-Max range of a line from which the context menu was called is applied to every curve which is assigned to the same x-axis. Apply X-range from diagram The range that was set interactively in the curve diagram is applied to the line of the curve configuration in which the context menu was called. Apply X-range from diagram for group The range which was interactively set in the curve diagram is applied to all groups which are assigned to the same x-axis as the curve in the line of the curve configuration from which the context menu is called. Trend Calculator A new curve that is calculated from other curves by using a formula is entered by opening the calculator in an empty/blank curve configuration line. When a curve is already calculated, the form can also be modified by using this menu item (see Chapter 8.). When a curve is not displayed, the context menu provides two additional accessible menu items curve: for this tra32manualtest.docx 86

87 Delete row A line in which the context menu was called is deleted from the curve configuration. Delete state The y-state of a curve is deleted Change Priority When multiple curves are drawn on top of each other in the curve diagram, the readability may be impaired. In this case, it will be necessary to change the priority of the curve display (and e.g. also the line width). The first curve drawn in the curve diagram contains its data in the first line of the table. You will find it at the bottom of the curve display field. The curve with the highest curve ID is on top. The priority of the curve in the curve diagram can be changed by sorting the table rows again. This sort is done by selecting a row with the cursor and moving it (left mouse button pressed) to the desired position of the curve configuration. The row is inserted at this position. All the following rows are moved downwards. tra32manualtest.docx 87

88 6.1. Restrict Data Source (Where-Clause) In addition to the entry of the X interval - e.g. the time span - in which a curve is displayed, an SQL instruction, a so-called Where-Clause can be defined to restrict the data set of a curve. Form Project Settings provides checkbox extended to insert another column to the curve configuration to which the Where-Clause is entered (see Chapter 3.6). The Where-Clause refers to one or several columns of the row that were entered in the table. The columns need not be displayed in the diagram. In the following example curve Aussentemp is twice assigned to Y-Scale Aussentemp to demonstrate how measured values of a curve can be hidden. In the above-illustrated curve in line 2 the set of values are restricted by the Where-Clause to those values which are larger than 22,0. The display of curve points shows that the curve in line 2 of the curve configuration contains less points than the curve in line 1. tra32manualtest.docx 88

89 In a second application, the measured data are written together with the measuring-point ID and the time tag in text files. This format is used by Siemens SIMATIC Protool Pro program. An example with 6 measuring points could appear as follows: VarName;TimeString;VarValue;Validity;Time_ms T01_; :58:38;16,84029;1; ,9792 Q01_; :58:38;4,224547;1; ,979 Q02_; :58:38;7,503482;1; ,9792 F02_; :59:13;0, ;1; ,0718 F03_; :59:13;7,927083;1; ,2569 P01_; :59:13;3,472222E-02;1; ,2569 P02_; :59:13;0, ;1; ,2569 P03_; :59:13;0, ;1; ,2569 L02_; :59:13;69,16666;1; ,2569 etc. In order to extract the curves of individual measuring points from this file, the measuring point name VarName is entered as the selection criterion in the Where-Clause. In order to display the text field VarName in the database window, the field data type Text must be set in the Project properties (see Chapter 3.6). The result is then as follows: Using the Professional Edition of TrendAnalyzer the Wizard automatically imports Protool files (see chapter ). No where-clause has to be defined for extracting a curve from the archive file. tra32manualtest.docx 89

90 7. Curve value table The curve value table displays all data values of the selected curve with coordinates, state values and notes in tabular form. Closed to the curve name above the curve value table there are two tools that have the following function: Configuration of position and layout of notes related to curves in the curve diagram Insert a standard note, default is the curve name When the curve ruler is activated, the selection of a row in the curve value table makes the curve ruler jump to the respective position of the curve diagram. When the curve ruler is moved, the respective line in the table is marked by an arrow. Inaccuracies in the agreement between the position of the curve ruler and the line in the curve value table can occur depending on the resolution of the display. The cursor keys Up and Down of the keyboard can be used to move the cursor in the curve value table. The curve ruler is also positioned accordingly. tra32manualtest.docx 90

91 7.1. Change Curve Point Curve points can only be modified when the curve is not used in a formula of the curve calculator or in a phase diagram (see Chapter 4.9). A modified curve cannot be used in a formula of the curve calculator any more. Following the modification, a corresponding icon is displayed in the curve configuration in the status of the curve. To change a curve point, the coordinate value or the state is selected by double-click and is then overwritten. On exiting the cell the curve is redrawn immediately in the chart. Changes to a curve are only carried out temporarily. If the original status of the curve is to be reestablished, the tick in the status of the associated curve must be removed in the curve configuration of the curve diagram (see Chapter Error! Reference source not found..) and reset again. In order to save changes permanently, the curve must be written into a new database table or text file (see Chapter 5.4). tra32manualtest.docx 91

92 7.2. Insert or Delete a Curve Point Curve points can only be modified when the curve is not used in a formula of the curve calculator or in a phase diagram (see Chapter 4.11). A modified curve cannot be used in a formula of the curve calculator any more. Following the modification, a corresponding icon is displayed in the curve configuration in the status of the curve. Curve points are inserted or deleted in the curve value table using the context menu. The context menu in the curve value table displays the entries Insert and Delete. The curve point at which position the context menu was opened is duplicated following Insert. X-value, Y- value and state of the new curve point cannot be modified. The new curve point is immediately visible in the curve diagram. Using the Delete function in the context menu will remove the curve point from which the context menu was called from the table. Changes to a curve are only carried out temporarily. If the original status of the curve is to be reestablished, the tick in the status of the associated curve must be removed in the curve configuration of the curve diagram (see Chapter Error! Reference source not found..) and reset again. In order to save changes permanently, the curve must be written into a new database table or text file (see Chapter 5.4). tra32manualtest.docx 92

93 8. Trend Calculator New curves can be calculated from one or multiple curves of a diagram by using arithmetic or logic formulas. The operators of the formula are always applied to the whole curves which means that y-values of all associated curves with one common x-value are calculated and the result is a value of the target curve. If several measured curves are combined in one table such that e.g. each time stamp is assigned to a point of each measured curve it is also possible to calculate several measured curves. tra32manualtest.docx 93

94 All curves processed using the curve computer must be present in the diagram, i.e. the tick of the curves must be set in the status in the curve configuration of the curve diagram. The mathematical formula is entered in the curve computer form. The form is entered with the context menu in a vacant line of the curve configuration table in which the calculated curve is then entered. The curve calculator form consists of the following 4 fields: (1) The formula field (2) The available functions (3) The available measured curves alphabetically sorted by names (4) The numeric keyboard and the enter key tra32manualtest.docx 94

95 8.1. Formulas Logic or arithmetic expressions with the following syntax rules are admissible in the formula field: Expression::= Simple Expression::= Term:= Factor::= Constant::= tra32manualtest.docx 95

96 Unsigned Number::= Integers and real fixed-point numbers. Numbers can be entered via the keyboard or via a mouse click on the keys in the numeric key field at the cursor position in the formula field. Constant Name::= The predefined constants are listed on the adjacent page. They may have the following values: PI = e = Parameter::= Curve name of the list of the available curves. A curve name is selected by double-click on the list and is inserted by pointing the cursor to the formula field. A formula can only contain curves from a table or a database query. When switching between tables, the associated curve names are displayed in the list. tra32manualtest.docx 96

97 8.2. Functions The available functions are listed on the function field. A mouse click on the requested key inserts functions to the formula field to which the cursor points. Function::= In addition to the standard trigonometric functions, exponential functions, root functions, reciprocal value and absolute value, two special functions INT and MID are offered which take into account the current setting of the curve diagram prior to the evaluation. tra32manualtest.docx 97

98 INT (integral function) Using the curve diagram, the section of a curve is defined for which the integral of all curve values is to be generated. For example, if the integral for one hour is to be generated from a curve recorded over a complete day, the curve diagram must first be set to the specific hour. The integral is then generated. Since the results can be very large, the value must be adapted to the integral y-scale. Display of the y-scale as a logarithmic scale may be meaningful. In addition to the pressure curve, the result diagram shows a curve K3 for the current flow and the integral of all measured values for a period of one hour. Using the ruler, all intermediate values within the hour can be read in the ruler window. If the X-scale is a time scale, the integral values are calculated per second. In order to obtain a physically correct value (e.g. kwh), the calculated integral curve must be multiplied by a corresponding factor. tra32manualtest.docx 98

99 MID (floating mean value) In order to calculate the floating mean value, the curve diagram is used to initially set the number of measured values which are to be used to generate a mean value. The minimum and maximum values of the x-axis define the number of measured values. In the subsequently recorded FI-2105 curve, for example, one hour is set as the basis for calculating the mean value, and the calculation then carried out. The following picture shows two mean value curves and the original measured curve. The mean value curves have been generated on the basis of 15 minutes (blue curve) or one hour (green curve). tra32manualtest.docx 99

100 8.3. Operators The operators are distributed between the function field and the numeric keypad in the curve computer. Comparison Operator::= Addition Operator::= Multiplication Operator::= In addition to numerals, the numeric key field also contains mathematical operators, parenthesis, a decimal point and the C key to clear the formula field. The keys are selected by using a mouse click and are entered to the formula field at the cursor position. The analysis of the entered formula is triggered via the Enter key and the formula is subsequently evaluated. Inadmissible notations of the formula are displayed as errors. Following an error-free entry of the formula, the result curve is added to the chart in a separate y-scale. tra32manualtest.docx 100

101 In the following example, violation of the value 75 is displayed in a FI-2105 curve by a flooded binary curve: tra32manualtest.docx 101

102 9. Identical evaluation of similar archive files (text files) A common use case is the application of a specific, ready-made diagram layout to many identically structured measurement data archives. Example: The data acquisition in a building management system archives data sets to a set of measuring points for a given time interval, e.g. one week. If the number of measurement points remains unchanged and the same set of curves is always to be used for the measurement data analysis, you first create a sample diagram with an example data record and create a tap file. This tap file then displays any measurement data archives of the same structure. To create the pattern diagram, proceed as follows: 1. A measurement data archive is copied and renamed as an example file 2. A tap file is created for the layout of the pattern diagram in which the measuring points and the arrangement of the scales and curves are defined tra32manualtest.docx 102

103 3. Important: In order for the tap file to be applied to all archive files, set the recording period in the project properties to capture. 4. Additional layout settings can be made to quickly get the information needed for the evaluation of all archives: 5. The tap file will be saved and the sample file must be renamed tra32manualtest.docx 103

104 6. After the tap file is called, the desired archive is selected and the diagram is displayed according to the settings. tra32manualtest.docx 104