Water & Wastewater Rate Survey

Transcription

1 & Rate Survey Metropolitan North Georgia Planning District October 2008

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3 & Rate Survey 2008 Metropolitan North Georgia Planning District October 2008 Prepared by Atlanta Regional Commission Environmental Planning Division For Metropolitan North Georgia Planning District

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5 Table of Contents Background Introduction... 1 Information Requested... 1 Factors Affecting Rate Comparisons 1 Survey Results and Charges Rate Structures... 3 Rate Structures... 6 Billing Cycles Next Effective Rate Increase OneTime HookUp Fees/Capital Cost Charges.. 7 Industrial Surcharges List of Figures and Tables Figure 1 Residential Charges. 2 Figure 2 Residential and Combined Charge.. 3 Figure 3 Rate Structures by Percent Population Served Figure 4 Metropolitan North Georgia Planning District Rate Structures 4 Figure 5 Types of Rate Structures Table Residential and Bill Example... 8 Table Commercial and Bill Example. 11 Table 3 Rate Summary. 14 Table 4 Rate Summary 23 Table 5 Surcharges Table 6 Rate Increase Dates Table 7 OneTime Connection (TapOn) fees for / Systems.. 33 Table 8 Development/Impact Fees.. 47 Table 9 Industrial Surcharges

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7 BACKGROUND INTRODUCTION The Metropolitan North Georgia Planning District (Metro District) was created to provide comprehensive water resource plans for the greater metropolitan Atlanta area. In September 2003, the Metro District approved three integrated plans, a water supply and conservation management plan, a wastewater management plan and a watershed management plan. The Metro District s Supply and Conservation Management Plan includes strategies and recommendations for water supply management. conservation is an integral part of the water supply plan. The water conservation element of the plan includes a number of recommended actions for local governments. One such recommendation is that conservation pricing be used by all Metro District drinking water supply utilities. The plan recommends that all water supply utilities at a minimum institute a uniform pricing structure by 2004 and an increasing tiered structure for residential by The goal of the tiered rate structure is to reduce excessive discretionary water use, especially outdoor irrigation by making water supply increasingly more expensive. In the summer of 2008 the Metro District conducted a survey of water and wastewater rates in the 16county Metro District area. 1 The purpose of this survey is to assess the rates within the Metro District and to inventory the region s use of waterconserving rate structures and surcharges. INFORMATION REQUESTED The Metro District surveyed 61 water supply retail utilities which included 15 county systems and 46 municipal systems. There were 56 wastewater retail utilities surveyed, made up of 13 county systems, and 43 municipal systems. The response rate was 100 percent participation. The information requested included: and wastewater charges; Effective date of rates; Onetime charges assessed to connect to the utility system; Billing cycle; Next anticipated rate increase; Excess use and/or seasonal surcharge; and Industrial wastewater surcharges. The following sections summarize the results of the survey. The more detailed information is found in Tables 1 through 9. FACTORS AFFECTING RATE COMPARISONS The Metro District survey showed a wide range of water and wastewater prices in the metropolitan area. There are many reasons or factors that explain these differences. Factors 1 Walton County was a member of the Metro District when this survey was conducted and therefore was included in this report. 1

8 which should be considered when making rate comparisons 2 are listed below: Natural Resources and Geography: Availability and quality of water resources and pumping distances influence prices; Customer Base: Unit costs are less with a densely populated customer base. The costs per customer are higher to service a large area with a limited number of customers. Another influencing factor is the makeup of the customer base, or the percentage of customers in residential, commercial, industrial, other classes; Age and Condition of System: A system will have lower costs when it is old enough to have taken advantage of good financing but not so old that major repair is required; Level of Treatment: effluent treatment requirements vary. Higher levels of treatment cost more than lower requirements; Use of Capital Recovery Fees: These fees assist water systems in recovering their costs for connecting customers to the systems and recovering capital costs without overall rate increases; and Offsets for Grants, Taxes, etc.: Older water and wastewater systems were able to use federal grants. No longer are federal grants so readily available. Some areas have uses a 1 percent sales tax and other fees and taxes to support water and wastewater systems. SURVEY RESULTS WATER AND WASTEWATER CHARGES For comparison purposes, two examples of monthly water and wastewater charges were developed. The first example assumes a family uses 7,000 gallons per month (GPM). Figure 1 presents the price range of monthly residential water charges in the Metro District. The water charges for using 7,000 gallons are as low as $8.05 and as high as $67.50 per month. Figure 1 Residential Charges 7,000 GPM $80.00 $70.00 $60.00 $50.00 $40.00 $30.00 $20.00 $10.00 $0.00 $67.50 $31.79 $8.05 Minimum Average Maximum Most utilities in the Metro District combine their water and wastewater charges in one bill. Figure 2 presents the combined charges, which range from $12.05 to $127.28, for residential 2 Source: Comprehensive Guide to and Finance and Pricing, George A. Raftelis, 1993 CRC Press. 2

9 water and wastewater service in the Metro District. Table 1 lists the water and wastewater charges for each utility in the Metro District using the residential example of 7,000 GPM. Figure 2 Residential and Combined Charge 7,000 GPM $ $ $ $ $80.00 $60.00 $40.00 $20.00 $0.00 $ $67.49 $12.05 Minimum Average Maximum The second example assumes a consumption rate of 150,000 GPM with a 2 inch meter for a commercial entity. The water charges for a business using 150,000 GPM range from a low of $ to a high of $1, Combined water and wastewater charges range from $ to $3, The water and wastewater charges for each utility in the Metro District using the commercial example of 150,000 GPM are shown in Table 2. WATER RATE STRUCTURES In general, there are three major categories of water rate structures in the Metro District. They include increasing block, uniform, and decreasing block. Table 3 and Table 4 list the base and unit charges for the utilities in the Metro District. Figure 3 illustrates the proportion of water rate structures attributable to each structure type found in the region by the percent of the Metro District s population they serve. The map in Figure 4 displays the use of these rates throughout the Metro District. Figure 3 Rate Structures by Percent Population Served Increasing Block, 99.61% 3 tiers 91.6% Uniform, 0.4% 2 tiers 8.0% Decreasing Block, 0.02% 3

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11 Increasing Block Rate The most commonly used rate structure in the Metro District is the increasing block rate structure. The rate structure is considered an aggressive water conservation measure. With this rate, the price per unit increases as consumption increases. The increasing block rate is a type of tiered rate that may have 2 or more tiers. Seasonal and Excess Use Surcharges Excess use surcharges and seasonal surcharges are variations of the increasing block rate or increasing tiered approach that are used by some water systems in the Metro District. These approaches may apply increasing blocks based on volume used in the spring and summer seasons or may be a fixed tiered charge for excessive use (see Table 5). Increasing block or tiered rates serve percent of the Metro District s population, with percent served by 3 or more tiers and 8.04 percent served by 2 tiers. Uniform Rate The uniform rate structure promotes water conservation because the cost of water is directly proportional to the amount of water used. The price per unit remains constant regardless of consumption. Uniform rates serve 0.37 percent of the Metro District s population. Decreasing Block Rate In a decreasing block rate structure, the price per unit decreases as consumption or volume increases. In the Metro District, decreasing block rates serve 0.02 percent of the population. This rate structure is beneficial to large users. This rate structure is considered a disincentive to conservation and should be eliminated in the future. Figure 5 shows the relationship between the price per unit and the cost to the customer for the three types of rates found in the Metro District. Commercial One of the decisions for a water system is whether to apply different rates to residential and commercial customers. Many commercial customers have a uniform use while residential customers, especially those with irrigations systems, have excessive peak use that cause greater impacts on the water resources and the water system. It is most effective to apply conservation rate structures to those customers that can change their behavior. Certain industrial, commercial and institutional water users or use sectors may need to have their individual systems analyzed to determine appropriate rate. 5

12 WASTEWATER RATE STRUCTURES rates are typically determined by the nature and volume of flows. Facilities that have received grants or loans under the Federal Clean Act may be required to adhere to user charges that recover costs proportional to each user. 6

13 BILLING CYCLES Utilities in the Metro District use either monthly or bimonthly billing cycles. Of the 61 water utilities, 98 percent have a monthly billing cycle and 2 percent have a bimonthly cycle. Of the 56 wastewater utilities, 98 percent have a monthly billing cycle and 2 percent have a bimonthly billing cycle. Billing cycles should be set so that the customer can observe and therefore modify their behavior. Cycles should not be so long that changes would have no impact. With enhancing metering technology, short billing cycles, such as monthly, help keep customers in tune with actual usage patterns. NEXT EFFECTIVE RATE INCREASE Evaluating and updating rates on a regular and frequent basis facilitates tracking utility revenues and costs and also helps prevent excessive rate increases in any given year. The majority of the water and wastewater utilities in the Metro District have recently undergone increases in their rates. Of the 61 water utilities, 54 (89 percent) have had rate increases in the last two years. Thirty water utilities (49 percent) anticipate rate increases in the next two years. This information is presented in Table 6. ONETIME HOOKUP FEES/CAPITAL COST CHARGES Onetime capital charges and other types of fees are often used as a water and wastewater funding source. In the Metro District, the onetime capital or connection costs for a single family residence with a 5/8 or 3/4 water meter range from $191 to $4,550 for water. Most of these costs are between $800 and $1,700. The range in customer onetime capital or connection costs for wastewater is much greater than for water. The costs for a single family residence range between $950 and $6,750. Table 7 lists the onetime capital or connection costs for water and wastewater. Table 8 presents additional development and/or impact fees for water and wastewater customers. It is extremely difficult to compare onetime fees between utilities. When comparing these fees, it is important to note that the charges may not cover the same services for all utilities. Costs which may or may not be included are: hookup, tap and meter, backflow preventor, and system development costs. In addition, costs may vary significantly depending on the location of the development in question. INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER SURCHARGES Industrial wastewater surcharges are used to recover costs associated with treating highstrength wastewater from industrial users. The pollutants included in these surcharges vary across jurisdiction and common pollutants that are surcharged include biological oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids (TSS), ammonia (NH₃, phosphorus (P), fats, oils and grease (FOG), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Fifteen of the 56 wastewater utilities have industrial surcharges. The information is presented in Table 9. 7

14 TABLE 1: 2008 Residential & Bill Example 1 Bartow County Combined Bartow County Department $31.44 $29.64 $61.08 City of Adairsville Inside City $15.53 $15.53 $31.06 Outside City $23.30 $23.30 $46.60 Inside City $16.22 $17.20 $33.42 City of Cartersville Authority 2 Outside City $31.37 $28.47 $59.84 City of Emerson City of Kingston City of White Inside City Inside City Inside City $20.54 $45.00 $16.00 $40.25 N/A 3 $41.00 $60.79 $57.00 Outside City Outside City Outside City $24.03 $67.50 $18.92 $50.35 N/A 3 $48.92 $74.38 $67.84 Cherokee County Combined Cherokee County and Sewer Authority 4 $34.20 $44.60 $78.80 Inside City $32.20 $39.50 $71.70 City of Ball Ground 5,6 Outside City $44.05 $39.50 $83.55 City of Canton $28.56 $34.93 $63.49 City of Waleska $37.40 N/A 3 City of Woodstock $37.77 $55.47 $93.24 Clayton County Combined Clayton County Authority $31.12 $32.10 $63.22 Cobb County Combined Cobb County System 5 $28.77 $34.30 $63.07 City of Austell Inside City $17.22 $36.33 $53.55 Outside City $18.97 $38.15 $57.12 Marietta Power and $32.85 $45.76 $78.61 Inside City $29.73 $37.94 $67.67 City of Powder Springs 4 Outside City $35.27 $41.30 $76.57 City of Smyrna $23.21 $44.15 $67.36 Coweta County Combined Coweta County System $43.25 $38.00 $81.25 City of Grantville $42.00 $31.80 $73.80 Newnan Utilities Inside City $27.80 $32.05 $59.85 Outside City $34.80 $41.15 $75.95 City of Senoia $30.25 $41.00 $71.25 City of Turin $30.50 $25.50 $56.00 DeKalb County Combined DeKalb County and Sewer $12.31 $46.87 $59.18 Douglas County Combined DouglasvilleDouglas County and Sewer Authority 4,5,6 $32.94 $35.05 $67.99 City of Villa Rica 5 Inside City $29.76 $33.10 $62.86 Outside City $44.62 $49.65 $

15 TABLE 1: 2008 Residential & Bill Example 1 ; continued Fayette County Combined Fayette County System $30.00 N/A 3 Town of Brooks $31.30 $31.30 $62.60 City of Fayetteville 5 $29.00 $24.70 $53.70 Peachtree City 7 $30.00 $30.66 $60.66 City of Tyrone 7 $30.00 $55.35 $85.35 Forsyth County Combined Forsyth County and Sewer 5 $26.73 $33.88 $60.61 Inside City $17.25 $15.98 $33.23 City of Cumming 5 Outside City $22.35 $15.98 $38.33 Fulton County Combined Fulton County System 4,10 $28.04 $47.08 $75.12 City of Atlanta Department of Inside City $35.99 $91.29 $ Management 2,5,10 Outside City $43.48 $47.08 $90.56 City of College Park $26.20 $26.82 $53.02 City of East Point $23.00 $17.50 $40.50 City of Fairburn Inside City $43.82 $37.20 $81.02 Outside City $63.31 $37.20 $ City of Hapeville $43.75 $33.25 $77.00 City of Mountain Park $26.95 $58.20 $85.15 City of Palmetto $27.50 $47.15 $74.65 City of Roswell 8 $32.90 N/A³ $79.98 City of Union City $37.52 $22.67 $60.19 Gwinnett County Combined Gwinnett County Resources 4,9 $32.92 $31.64 $64.56 City of Braselton City of Buford Inside City Inside City $34.18 $8.05 $35.06 $4.00 $69.24 $12.05 Outside City Outside City $40.80 $17.85 $35.06 $4.00 $75.86 $21.85 City of Lawrenceville 4 $30.73 $31.50 $62.23 City of Norcross 5 $41.85 $32.55 $74.40 City of Suwanee 8 $18.62 N/A 3 $50.26 Hall County Combined City of Flowery Branch Inside City $34.74 $43.57 $78.31 Outside City $40.27 $50.09 $90.36 Inside City $21.43 $43.91 $65.34 City of Gainesville 2 Outside City $42.79 $45.87 $88.66 Henry County Combined Henry County and Sewerage Inside County $35.00 $35.00 $70.00 Authority Outside County $52.50 $52.50 $ City of Hampton $31.00 $41.50 $72.50 City of Locust Grove $31.00 $31.00 $62.00 City of McDonough $33.58 $33.58 $67.16 City of Stockbridge $36.25 $36.25 $

16 TABLE 1: 2008 Residential & Bill Example 1 ; continued Paulding County Combined Paulding County Public Works 4 $36.20 $37.00 $73.20 Inside City $27.75 $27.75 $55.50 City of Dallas Outside City $34.89 $34.89 $69.78 City of Hiram $23.00 N/A 3 Rockdale County Combined Rockdale Resources $28.13 $34.55 $62.68 Walton County Combined Walton County & Sewerage Authority $42.84 N/A 3 City of Loganville 5 $41.05 $40.40 $81.45 Monroe Utilities Network Inside City $24.38 $26.25 $50.63 Outside City $36.44 $39.20 $75.64 City of Social Circle Inside City $29.55 $33.85 $63.40 Outside City $44.35 $33.85 $ This analysis assumes a household with a 5/8" or 3/ meter uses 7,000 gallons of water each month. Applicable minimum fees included. 2 Billed in cubic feet. Rates converted to gallons for comparison purposes. 3 Not applicable. Service is not available in the area. 4 Have excessive use penalty or surcharge. Surcharge not included in these calculations. 5 A discount rate for senior citizens is available. 6 A discount rate for disabled customers is available. 7 service is provided by Fayette County System. Sewer rates are billed by Peachtree City and Sewerage Authority and City of Tyrone, separately. 8 Sewer service provided and billed by County. 9 Only one base charge applies when water and sewer are combined. 10 Sewer service outside the City of Atlanta is provided by Fulton County. 10

17 TABLE 2: 2008 Commercial & Bill Example 1 Bartow County Combined Bartow County Department $ $ $1, City of Adairsville Inside City $ $ $ Outside City $ $ $ Inside City $ $ $ City of Cartersville Authority 2 Outside City $ $ $1, City of Emerson City of Kingston City of White Inside City Inside City Inside City $ $ $ $ N/A 3 $ $ $ Outside City Outside City Outside City $ $1, $ $ N/A 3 $ $1, $1, Cherokee County Combined Cherokee County and Sewer Authority $ $ $1, City of Ball Ground Inside City $ $ $1, Outside City $ $ $1, City of Canton $ $ $1, City of Waleska $ N/A 3 City of Woodstock $ $1, $1, Clayton County Combined Clayton County Authority $ $ $1, Cobb County Combined Cobb County System $ $ $1, City of Austell Inside City $1, $ $1, Outside City $1, $ $1, Marietta Power and $ $ $1, City of Powder Springs $ $ $1, City of Smyrna $ $ $1, Coweta County Combined Coweta County System $1, $1, $2, City of Grantville $ $ $1, Newnan Utilities Inside City $ $ $1, Outside City $ $ $1, City of Senoia $ $ $1, City of Turin $ $ $1, DeKalb County Combined DeKalb County and Sewer $ $ $1, Douglas County Combined DouglasvilleDouglas County and Sewer Authority $ $ $1, City of Villa Rica Inside City $ $ $1, Outside City $ $ $1,

18 TABLE 2: 2008 Commercial & Bill Example 1 ; continued Fayette County Combined Fayette County System $ N/A 3 Town of Brooks $ $ $ City of Fayetteville $ $ $ Peachtree City 4 $ $ $1, City of Tyrone 4 $ $1, $1, Forsyth County Combined Forsyth County and Sewer $ $ $1, Inside City $ $ $ City of Cumming Outside City $ $ $ Fulton County Combined Fulton County System 7 $ $ $1, City of Atlanta Department of shed Inside City $ $2, $3, Management 2,7 Outside City $1, $ $1, City of College Park $ $ $1, City of East Point $ $ $1, City of Fairburn Inside City $ $ $1, Outside City $ $ $1, City of Hapeville $1, $ $1, City of Mountain Park N/A 3 N/A 3 City of Palmetto $ $1, $1, City of Roswell 5 $ N/A 3 $1, City of Union City $ $ $1, Gwinnett County Combined Gwinnett County Resources 6 $ $ $1, City of Braselton City of Buford Inside City Inside City $ $ $ $ $1, $1, Outside City Outside City $ $ $ $ $1, $1, City of Lawrenceville $ $ $1, City of Norcross $ $ $1, City of Suwanee 5 $ N/A 3 $1, Hall County Combined City of Flowery Branch Inside City $ $ $1, Outside City $ $1, $2, Inside City $ $1, $1, City of Gainesville 2 Outside City $ $1, $1, Henry County Combined Henry County and Sewerage Inside County $ $ $1, Authority Outside County $1, $1, $2, City of Hampton $1, $1, $2, City of Locust Grove $1, $ $1, City of McDonough $ $ $1, City of Stockbridge $ $ $1,

19 TABLE 2: 2008 Commercial & Bill Example 1 ; continued Paulding County Combined Paulding County Public Works $ $ $1, City of Dallas Inside City $1, $1, $2, Outside City $1, $1, $3, City of Hiram $ N/A 3 Rockdale County Combined Rockdale Resources $ $ $1, Walton County Combined Walton County & Sewerage Authority $ N/A 3 City of Loganville $ $ $1, Monroe Utilities Network City of Social Circle Inside City Inside City $ $ $1, $ $1, $1, Outside City Outside City $ $ $1, $ $2, $1, This analysis assumes a commercial establishment with a meter using 150,000 gallons of water each month. 2 Billed in cubic feet. Rates converted to gallons for comparison purposes. 3 Not applicable. Service is not available or does not exist in the area. 4 service is provided by Fayette County System. Sewer rates are billed by Peachtree City and Sewerage Authority and City of Tyrone, separately. 5 Sewer service provided and billed by County. 6 Only one base charge applies when water and sewer are combined. 7 Sewer service outside the City of Atlanta is provided by Fulton County. 13

20 Table 3a: Rate Summary Municipality Minimum Charge 1 Commodity Charge 1 Rate Type No. of Blocks Billing Cycle $/gallon $/gallon Bartow County Bartow County Residential 4.37 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 0 5,000 Increasing Block 4 Department 4.51 / 1,000 = 6,000 8, / 1,000 = 9,000 15, / 1,000 = > 16,000 Commercial (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform Industrial varies by meter / 1,000 Uniform City of Adairsville Inside City ,000 (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform Outside City ,000 (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform City of Cartersville 2 Res Inside City 6.00 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 0 7,480 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 7,481 10, / 1,000 = 10,473 14, / 1,000 = > 14,212 Res Outside City (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 0 7,480 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 7,481 10, / 1,000 = 10,473 14, / 1,000 = > 14,212 Com Inside City (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform Com Outside City (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform Industrial Inside City (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform Industrial Outside City (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform City of Emerson Res Inside City / 1,000 = 0 5,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 5,000 10, / 1,000 = > 10,000 Res Outside City / 1,000 = 0 5,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 5,000 10, / 1,000 = > 10,000 Com Inside City (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform Com Outside City (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform City of Kingston Inside City 8.00 (varies by meter) / 1,000 Increasing Block 4 4 Outside City (varies by meter) / 1,000 Increasing Block 4 4 Com Inside City (varies by meter) / 1,000 Increasing Block 4 2 Com Outside City (varies by meter) / 1,000 Increasing Block 4 2 City of White Inside City ,000 (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform Outside City ,000 (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform Cherokee County Cherokee County and Residential $9.20 2, / 1,000 = 2,000 10,000 Increasing Block 2 Sewer Authority Commercial (varies by meter and consumption)³ $ , / 1,000 = >10, / 1,000 = > 34,000 Uniform (varies by meter and consumption) 3 City of Ball Ground Inside City / 1,000 = 0 3,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 3,001 5, / 1,000 = 5,001 8, / 1,000 = 8,001 10, / 1,000 = > 10,000 Outside City / 1,000 = 0 3,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 3,001 5, / 1,000 = 5,001 8, / 1,000 = 8,001 10, / 1,000 = > 10,000 14

21 Municipality Table 3a: Rate Summary; continued Minimum Charge 1 Commodity Charge 1 Rate Type $/gallon $/gallon Cherokee County City of Canton Residential , / 1,000 = 2,000 10,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 11,000 15, / 1,000 = 16,000 Com/Ind , / 1,000 = > 2,000 Uniform City of Waleska , / 1,000 = 2,001 20,000 Decreasing Block / 1,000 = 20, , / 1,000 = 100, , / 1,000 = > 500,001 City of Woodstock , / 1,000 = > 1,000 10,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = > 10,000 Clayton County Clayton County Residential < 4, / 1,000 = 0 3,000 Increasing Block 4 Authority (varies by meter & consumption) / 1,000 = 4, 000 7, / 1,000 = 8,000 20, / 1,000 = > 20,000 Commercial , / 1,000 Uniform (varies by meter & consumption) 3 Cobb County Cobb County System Residential ,000 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 2,000 7,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 7,000 12, / 1,000 = > 12,000 Com/Ind (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform City of Austell Inside City , / 1,000 = 2,000 7,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 7,000 15, / 1,000 = 15,000 50, / 1,000 = 50,000 Outside City , / 1,000 = 2,000 7,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 7,000 15, / 1,000 = 15,000 50, / 1,000 = > 50,000 Marietta Power and Residential ,000 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 2,000 7,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 7,000 12, / 1,000 = 12,000 Commercial , / 1,000 = > 25,000 Uniform (varies by meter & consumption) 3 City of Powder Springs Res Inside City , / 1,000 = 2,001 6,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 6,001 15, / 1,000 = 15,001 Res Outside City , / 1,000 = 2,001 6,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 6,001 15, / 1,000 = 15,001 Commercial , / 1,000 = 2,001 Uniform City of Smyrna Residential 5.99 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 0 7,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 7,001 14, / 1,000 = > 14,000 NonResidential (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 7,000 Uniform No. of Blocks Billing Cycle 15

22 Municipality Table 3a: Rate Summary; continued Minimum Charge 1 Commodity Charge 1 Rate Type No. of Blocks Billing Cycle $/gallon $/gallon Coweta County Coweta County System Residential / 1,000 = 0 5,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 5,001 15, / 1,000 = 15,001 30, / 1,000 = 30,001 Com/Ind / 1,000 = 0 5,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 5,001 15, / 1,000 = 15,001 30, / 1,000 = 30,001 Church/School / 1,000 Uniform City of Grantville Residential , / 1,000 = 2,001 5,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = > 5,000 Commercial , / 1,000 = 2,001 5,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = > 5,000 Newnan Utilities Res Inside City / 1,000 = 0 4,500 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 4,501 10, / 1,000 = > 10,000 Res Outside City / 1,000 = 0 4,500 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 4,501 10, / 1,000 = > 10,000 Com Inside City / 1,000 = 0 16,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 16,001 70, / 1,000 = > 70,000 Com Outside City / 1,000 = 0 16,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 16,001 70, / 1,000 = > 70,000 City of Senoia Residential Commercial Industrial , , , / 1, / 1, / 1,000 Uniform Uniform Uniform City of Turin , / 1,000 = 2,001 5,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 5,001 10, / 1,000 = > 10,000 DeKalb County DeKalb County and Sewer Res / Small Com 3.10 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 0 4,000 Increasing Block 4 Bimonthly 1.68 / 1,000 = 4,001 20, / 1,000 = 20,001 40, / 1,000 = > 40,000 Commercial 8.26 (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform Douglas County DouglasvilleDouglas County Residential / 1,000 = 0 6,000 Increasing Block 3 and Sewer Authority (varies by meter & consumption) / 1,000 = 6,001 9, / 1,000 = > 9,000 Commercial / 1,000 = 0 48,000 Increasing Block 3 (varies by meter & consumption) / 1,000 = 48,001 72, / 1,000 = > 72,000 16

23 Table 3a: Rate Summary; continued Municipality Minimum Charge 1 Commodity Charge 1 Rate Type No. of Blocks Billing Cycle $/gallon $/gallon Douglas County City of Villa Rica Res Inside City 6.50 (varies by meter) / 1000 = 0 5,000 Increasing Block / 1000 = 5,001 8, / 1000 = > 8,500 Res Outside City 9.75 (varies by meter) / 1000 = 0 5,000 Increasing Block / 1000 = 5,001 8, / 1000 = > 8,500 Commercial Inside (varies by meter) / 1000 = 0 85,000 Increasing Block / 1000 = 85, , / 1000 = > 250,000 Commercial Outside (varies by meter) / 1000 = 0 85,000 Increasing Block / 1000 = 85, , / 1000 = > 250,000 Fayette County Fayette County System Residential , / 1,000 = 2,001 19,999 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 20,000 Commercial (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 0 19,999 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 20,000 Town of Brooks , / 1,000 = >1,000 Uniform City of Fayetteville Residential , / 1,000 = > 2,000 20,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = > 20,000 Commercial , / 1,000 = > 2,000 Uniform Peachtree City provided by the County City of Tyrone provided by the County Forsyth County Forsyth County and Residential ,000 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 3,000 6,000 Increasing Block 5 Sewer 4.53 / 1,000 = 6,000 12, / 1,000 = 12,000 24, / 1,000 = 24,000 36, / 1,000 = > 36,000 Commercial ,000 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = > 3,000 Uniform City of Cumming Res Inside City / 1,000 = 0 6,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 6,001 16, / 1,000 = > 16,600 Res Outside City / 1,000 = 0 6,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 6,001 16, / 1,000 = > 16,600 Com/Ind Inside City , / 1,000 Uniform Com/Ind Outside , / 1,000 Uniform Fulton County Fulton County Residential 6.90 (varies by meter) / 1,000 Seasonal Increasing 4 3 Bimonthly Commercial (varies by meter) / 1,000 Seasonal Increasing 4 3 City of Atlanta Department of Inside City / 1,000 = 0 2,244 Increasing Block 3 shed Management / 1,000 = 2,245 4, / 1,000 = > 4,488 Outside City / 1,000 = 0 2,244 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 2,245 4, / 1,000 = > 4,488 17

24 Municipality Table 3a: Rate Summary; continued Minimum Charge 1 Commodity Charge 1 Rate Type No. of Blocks Billing Cycle $/gallon $/gallon Fulton County City of College Park < 3, / 1,000 = 4,000 6,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 7,000 10, / 1,000 = 11,000 50, / 1,000 = 51, , / 1,000 = 750,000 City of East Point Residential < 3,000 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 4,000 7, / 1,000 = 8,000 15,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 16,000 Commercial < 3,000 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 4,000 7,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 8,000 15, / 1,000 = 16,000 City of Fairburn Res Inside City , / 1,000 = 2,001 4, / 1,000 = 4,001 6,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 6,001 10, / 1,000 = > 10,000 Res Outside City , / 1,000 = 2,001 4, / 1,000 = 4,001 6,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 6,001 10, / 1,000 = > 10,000 Com Inside City , / 1,000 = 2,000 20, / 1,000 = 20,001 36,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = > 36,001 Com Outside City , / 1,000 = 2,000 20,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 20,001 36, / 1,000 = > 36,001 City of Hapeville , / 1,000 = > 2,000 < 10,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = > 10,000 < 50, / 1,000 = > 50,000 City of Mountain Park , / 1,000 = 4,000 8,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = > 8,000 City of Palmetto Residential , / 1,000 = 3,000 8,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 9,000 20, / 1,000 = 21,000 Commercial , / 1,000 = 3,000 10,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 11,000 City of Roswell Residential 7.00 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 0 10,000 Increasing Block 3 Bimonthly 7.40 / 1,000 = 10,000 20, / 1,000 = > 20,001 Small Commercial (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 0 100,000 Increasing Block 3 Bimonthly 7.40 / 1,000 = 100, , / 1,000 = > 150,001 Large Commercial (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 0 245,000 Increasing Block 3 Bimonthly 7.40 / 1,000 = 245, , / 1,000 = > 600,001 City of Union City 5.36/ 1,000 = 15,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = >15,000 18

25 Municipality Table 3a: Rate Summary; continued Minimum Charge 1 Commodity Charge 1 Rate Type No. of Blocks Billing Cycle $/gallon $/gallon Gwinnett County Gwinnett County 7.30 (varies by meter) / 1,000 Seasonal Increasing 4 3 Resources City of Braselton Inside City ,000 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 2,001 5,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 5,001 10, / 1,000 = > 10,000 Outside City ,000 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 2,001 5,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 5,001 10, / 1,000 = > 10,000 City of Buford Res Inside City 1.15 / 1,000 = 0 8,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 8,000 15, / 1,000 = > 15,000 Res Outside City 2.55 / 1,000 = 0 8,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 8,000 15, / 1,000 = > 15,000 Com/Ind ,000 (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform City of Lawrenceville Residential Commercial , , / 1, / 1,000 Seasonal Increasing 4 Seasonal Increasing City of Norcross 7.00 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 0 5,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 5, , / 1,000 = > 100,000 City of Suwanee 8.19 < 3, / 1,000 = 3,000 6,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 6,001 15, / 1,000 = > 15,000 Hall County City of Gainesville 2 Res Inside City / 1,000 = 0 7,480 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 7,481 13, / 1,000 = > 13,464 Res Outside City / 1,000 = 0 7,480 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 7,481 13, / 1,000 = > 13,464 Com/MultiFamily Inside City / 1,000 Increasing Block 4 3 Com/MultiFamily Outside City / 1,000 Increasing Block 4 3 Industrial Inside City / 1,000 Uniform Industrial Outside City / 1,000 Uniform City of Flowery Branch Existing Res Inside New Res Inside Res Outside City Com/Ind Inside City Com/Ind Outside , , , , , / 1, / 1, / 1, / 1, / 1,000 Uniform Uniform Uniform Uniform Uniform Henry County Henry County and Res Inside County 9.25 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 1,000 6,000 Increasing Block 3 Sewerage Authority 4.75 / 1,000 = 6,001 10, / 1,000 = 10,001 Res Outside County 150% of inside residential rate Increasing Block 3 Com/Ind Inside County (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform Com/Ind Outside County 150% of Com/Ind inside county rate Uniform 19

26 Municipality Table 3a: Rate Summary; continued Minimum Charge 1 Commodity Charge 1 Rate Type $/gallon $/gallon Henry County City of Hampton / 1,000 = 0 6,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 6,001 10, / 1,000 = 10,001 City of Locust Grove , / 1,000 = 2,001 10,000 Increasing Block 2 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = > 10,000 City of McDonough , / 1,000 = 3,001 9,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = > 9,000 City of Stockbridge Residential 4.00 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 0 4,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 4,001 9, / 1,000 = 9,001 Commercial (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 0 10,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 10,000 Paulding County Paulding County Public Works Residential , / 1,000 = 2,001 7,000 Seasonal Increasing / 1,000 = > 7,001 Commercial , / 1,000 = 2,001 7,000 Seasonal Increasing / 1,000 = > 7,001 City of Dallas Res Inside City , / 1,000 = 2,000 6,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 6,000 10, / 1,000 = 10,000 20, / 1,000 = > 20,000 Res Outside City , / 1,000 = 2,000 6,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 6,000 10, / 1,000 = 10,000 20, / 1,000 = > 20,000 Com Inside City , / 1,000 = 2,000 6,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 6,000 10, / 1,000 = 10,000 20, / 1,000 = > 20,000 Com Outside City , / 1,000 = 2,000 6,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 6,000 10, / 1,000 = 10,000 20, / 1,000 = > 20,000 City of Hiram Rockdale County Rockdale Resources Residential , (varies by meter) / 1, / 1,000 = 0 6,000 Uniform Increasing Block / 1,000 = 7,000 12, / 1,000 = 13,000 Com/Ind (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform Walton County Walton County and Residential , / 1,000 = > 2,000 10,000 Increasing Block 2 (varies by meter & consumption) / 1,000 = > 10,000 City of Loganville , / 1,000 = 2,000 10,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 10,000 80, / 1,000 = > 80,000 No. of Blocks Billing Cycle 20

27 Municipality Table 3a: Rate Summary; continued Minimum Charge 1 Commodity Charge 1 Rate Type No. of Blocks Billing Cycle $/gallon $/gallon Walton County City of Monroe Res & Small Com/Ind Inside City / 1,000 = 0 3, / 1,000 = 3,001 6,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 6,001 10, / 1,000 = 10, , / 1,000 = > 125,000 Res & Small Com/Ind Outside City / 1,000 = 0 3, / 1,000 = 3,001 6,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 6,001 10, / 1,000 = 10, , / 1,000 = > 125,000 Large Com/Ind Inside City / 1,000 = 0 1,000, / 1,000 = 1,000,001 2,500,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = > 2,500,000 Large Com/Ind Outside City / 1,000 = 0 1,000,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 1,000,001 2,500, / 1,000 = > 2,500,000 City of Social Circle Inside City , / 1,000 Uniform Outside City , / 1,000 Uniform 1 The water rates are the same for all customer classes unless otherwise noted. (Res Residential, Com Commercial, Ind Industrial 2 Billed in cubic feet. Rates converted to gallons for conversion purposes. 3 The utility has a minimum fee based on the size of the water meter. See table 3b for details on cost by meter size. Certain minimum fees also vary by consumption. For example, for a 3/ meter a utility may have a minimum charge of $10 for the first 2,000 gallons and charge $60 for the first 25,000 on a meter. 4 See Table 5 for Surcharge Rates 21

28 Table 3b: Rate Summary; continued Minimum Fee by Meter Size Municipality 5/8" 3/ 1 1/ 6" 8" 10" 1 Bartow County Bartow County Dept $4.37 $4.37 $10.92 $21.84 $34.94 $69.89 $ $ $ City of Adairsville Inside City $9.53 $9.53 $23.87 $47.59 $76.14 $ $ $ $ Outside City $14.30 $14.30 $35.81 $71.39 $ $ $ $ $1, City of Cartersville Inside City $6.00 $6.00 $14.00 $28.00 $54.00 $ $ $ Outside City $11.00 $11.00 $26.00 $48.00 $99.00 $ $ $ City of Emerson Com Inside City $9.93 $16.72 $33.96 $54.34 $ $ $ Com Outside City $12.54 $20.90 $41.80 $66.88 $ $ $ City of Kingston Inside City $8.00 $20.00 $40.00 $64.00 $ $ $ $ Outside City $12.00 $30.00 $60.00 $96.00 $ $ $ $ City of White Inside City $8.00 $8.00 $12.00 $22.50 $36.00 $ $ $ Outside City $10.00 $10.00 $16.00 $30.00 $50.00 $ $ $ Cherokee County Cherokee County WSA $7.00 $9.20 $49.20 $99.20 $ $ $ $ $ Clayton County Clayton County WA Commercial $13.62 $18.16 $36.32 $ $ $ $ $1, $1, $2, Cobb County Cobb County System Res/Com/Ind $7.00 $7.00 $15.00 $26.00 $45.00 $66.00 $99.60 $ $ $ $ Marietta Power and $15.00 $15.00 $79.26 $97.11 $ $ $ $1, City of Smyrna Residential $5.99 $5.99 $19.15 $35.60 $ $ $ $ Com/Ind $6.49 $10.44 $19.15 $35.60 $ $ $ $ DeKalb County DeKalb County & Sewer Res / Small Com $3.10 $5.17 $10.33 $16.52 $30.97 $51.61 $ $ $ $ Commercial $1.55 $2.58 $5.17 $8.26 $15.49 $25.80 $51.61 $82.57 $ $ Douglas County DouglasvilleDouglas Co. WSA $9.01 $9.01 $17.39 $31.18 $46.71 $ $ $ $ $ City of Villa Rica Inside City $6.50 $6.50 $15.45 $30.90 $49.50 $99.00 $ $ $ Outside City $9.75 $9.75 $23.18 $46.35 $74.25 $ $ $ $ Fayette County Fayette County System Commercial $10.00 $15.00 $20.00 $25.00 $30.00 $35.00 $40.00 $50.00 Forsyth County Forsyth County & Sewer $12.00 $12.00 $15.00 $20.00 $30.00 $90.00 $ $ $ $ Fulton County Fulton County Residential $6.90 $12.65 $17.83 $19.84 $73.31 $77.63 $ $ $ Commercial $6.90 $9.49 $12.08 $13.23 $39.68 $41.98 $84.53 $ $ City of East Point $13.00 $13.00 $20.50 $35.60 $66.12 $ $ $ $ City of Roswell $7.00 $7.00 $15.00 $26.00 $45.00 $66.00 $99.60 $ $ City of Union City $4.00 $4.00 $7.00 $14.00 $22.00 $46.00 $80.00 $ $ Gwinnett County Gwinnett County $ $ Resources $7.30 $16.00 $26.00 $51.00 $ $ City of Braselton Inside City $13.23 $22.05 $44.10 $71.66 $ $ $ $ $1, Outside City $19.85 $33.08 $66.15 $ $ $ $ $1, $2, City of Buford $15.00 $15.00 $25.00 $25.00 $25.00 $25.00 $50.00 $50.00 $50.00 $50.00 City of Norcross $7.00 $7.00 $15.00 $25.00 $50.00 $ $ $ $ Henry County Henry County WSA Inside City $9.25 $9.25 $46.25 $ $ $ $ $ $ City of Locust Grove $9.00 $9.00 $9.00 $9.00 $ $ $ $ $ City of Stockbridge $4.00 $5.00 $35.00 $ $ $ $ $ $ Rockdale County Rockdale Resources $5.85 $12.54 $24.35 $37.54 $78.38 $ $ $ $ Walton County Walton County WSA $15.54 $26.46 $48.31 $92.02 $ $ $

29 Table 4a: Rate Summary Jurisdiction Minimum Charge 1 Bartow County Bartow County Department City of Adairsville City of Cartersville City of Emerson City of Kingston City of White Cherokee County Cherokee County and Sewerage Authority City of Ball Ground City of Canton City of Waleska City of Woodstock Clayton County Clayton County Authority Cobb County Cobb County System City of Austell Marietta Power and City of Powder Springs City of Smyrna Inside City ,000 (varies by meter) / 1,000 Outside City ,000 (varies by meter) / 1,000 Inside City 6.00 (varies by meter) / 1,000 Outside City 6.00 (varies by meter) / 1,000 Res Inside City / 1,000 Res Outside City / 1,000 Com Inside City (varies by meter) / 1,000 Com Outside City (varies by meter) / 1,000 No wastewater service Res. Inside City Res Outside/Com , ,000 (varies by meter) / 1, / 1,000 No wastewater service Inside City Outside City Res Inside City Res Outside City Commercial Residential Commercial $/gallon 4.37 (varies by meter) 3 (varies by meter and consumption) , < 4,000 (varies by meter and consumption) 3 None (other than water) None (other than water) None (other than water) , , , , (varies by meter) (varies by meter) 3 Commodity Charge 1 $/gallon 3.61 / 1, / 1, / 1,000 = > 1, / 1,000 = > 2, / 1,000 = 0 10, / 1,000 = > 10, / 1,000 Billing Cycle 4.90 / 1, / 1, / 1, / 1, / 1, / 1, / 1, / 1, / 1,000 23

30 Municipality Coweta County Coweta County System City of Grantville City of Newnan City of Senoia City of Turin DeKalb County Residential Com/Ind Church/School Residential Commercial Inside City Outside City Residential Com/Ind DeKalb County and Res / Small Com 7.49 (varies by meter) / 1,000 Sewer Commercial (varies by meter) / 1,000 Douglas County DouglasvilleDouglas County and Sewer Authority City of Villa Rica Fayette County Fayette County System Town of Brooks City of Fayetteville City of Peachtree City City of Tyrone Forsyth County Forsyth County and Sewer City of Cumming Inside City Outside City No wastewater service ,000 Residential ,000 Commercial ,000 Single Family Res Com/Ind/Multi Family ,000 Residential Commercial Table 4a: Rate Summary; continued Minimum Charge 1 Commodity Charge 1 $/gallon $/gallon , , , , , , , , (varies by meter) (varies by meter) (varies by meter) 3 None (other than water) , , / 1,000 = 3,001 5, / 1,000 = 5,001 15, / 1,000 = 15,001 30, / 1,000 = 30, / 1,000 = 3,001 5, / 1,000 = 5,001 15, / 1,000 = 15,001 30, / 1,000 = 30, / 1, / 1,000 = > 2, / 1,000 = > 2, / 1, / 1, / 1, / 1, / 1,000 = / 1,000 (levied on 80% of water consumption) 3.80 / 1, / 1, / 1,000 = > 1, / 1,000 = > 2, / 1,000 = > 2, / 1, / 1, / 1, / 1, / 1, / 1,000 Billing Cycle Bimonthly 24