November Water & Wastewater Rate Survey. Metropolitan North Georgia Water Planning District

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1 & Rate Survey Metropolitan North Georgia Planning District Metropolitan North Georgia Planning District 40 Courtland Street, NE Atlanta, GA November

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3 & Rate Survey 2010 Metropolitan North Georgia Planning District November 2010 Prepared by Atlanta Regional Commission Environmental Planning Division For Metropolitan North Georgia Planning District

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5 Table of Contents Background Introduction... 1 Information Requested... 1 Factors Affecting Rate Comparisons... 1 Survey Results and Charges... 2 Rate Structures... 5 Rate Structures Billing Cycles Next Effective Rate Increase One-Time Hook-Up Fees/Capital Cost Charges Industrial Surcharges Irrigation Meters List of Figures Figure 1 Residential Charges 6,000 GPM... 3 Figure 2 Residential and Combined Charges 6,000 GPM... 3 Figure 3 Residential Charges 12,000 GPM... 4 Figure 4 Residential and Combined Charges 12,000 GPM... 4 Figure 5 Commercial Charges 150,000 GPM... 5 Figure 6 Commercial and Combined Charges 150,000 GPM... 5 Figure 7 Rate Structures by Percent Population Served... 6 Figure 8 Metropolitan North Georgia Planning District Rate Structure... 7 Figure 9 Types of Rate Structures... 9 Figure Combined and Bills at 6,000 GPM List of Tables Table Residential and Bill Example Table Summer Residential and Bill Example Table Commercial and Bill Example Table 4a Rate Summary Table 4b Rate Summary Base Charge by Meter Table 5a Rate Summary Table 5b Rate Summary Base Charge by Meter Table 6 Surcharges Table 7 Rate Increase Dates Table 8 One-Time Connection (Tap-On) Fees for / Systems Table 9 Development/Impact Fees Table 10 Industrial Surcharges by Pollutant Table 11a Irrigation Rate Summary Table 11b Irrigation Rate Summary Base Charge by Meter... 70

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7 BACKGROUND INTRODUCTION The Metropolitan North Georgia Planning District (Metro District) was created to provide comprehensive water resource plans for the greater metropolitan Atlanta area. The three major plans, a water supply and conservation management plan, a wastewater management plan and a watershed management plan were originally adopted in September 2003 and updated in May The Metro District s Supply and Conservation Management Plan includes strategies and recommendations for water supply management. conservation is an integral part of the water supply plan. The water conservation element of the plan includes twelve measures for local governments to adopt. One such measure is that conservation pricing be used by all Metro District drinking water supply utilities. The goal of this measure is to reduce excessive discretionary water use, especially outdoor irrigation, by increasing the cost of water as the volume of use increases. All Metro District water utilities should be implementing at least a three tiered rate structure; however, water utilities may elect to create more than three tiers to further enhance water conservation and revenue needs. Irrigation rates should be at least equal to or greater than 200 percent of the first tier of the water rate structure. In the summer of 2010, the Metro District conducted a survey of water and wastewater rates in the 15-county Metro District area. The purpose of this survey is to assess the rates within the Metro District and to inventory the region s use of water-conserving rate structures and surcharges. INFORMATION REQUESTED The Metro District surveyed 56 water supply retail utilities which included 5 authorities, 9 county systems, and 42 municipal systems. There were 52 wastewater retail utilities surveyed, made up of 6 authorities, 8 county systems, and 38 municipal systems. The response rate was 100 percent participation. The information requested included: and wastewater charges; Effective date of rates; One-time charges assessed to connect to the utility system; Billing cycle; Next anticipated rate increase; Excess use and/or seasonal surcharge; Irrigation rates; and Industrial wastewater surcharges. The following sections summarize the results of the survey. The more detailed information is found in Tables 1 through 11b. FACTORS AFFECTING RATE COMPARISONS The Metro District survey showed a wide range of water and wastewater prices in the metropolitan area. There are many reasons or factors that explain these differences. Factors 1

8 which should be considered when making rate comparisons 1 are listed below: Natural Resources and Geography: Availability and quality of water resources and pumping distances influence prices; Customer Base: Unit costs are less with a densely populated customer base. The costs per customer are higher to service a large area with a limited number of customers. Another influencing factor is the makeup of the customer base, or the percentage of customers in residential, commercial, industrial, and other classes; Age and Condition of System: A system will have lower costs when it is old enough to have taken advantage of good financing but not so old that major repair is required; Level of Treatment: effluent treatment requirements vary. Higher levels of treatment cost more than lower requirements; Use of Capital Recovery Fees: These fees assist water systems in recovering their costs for connecting customers to the systems and recovering capital costs without overall rate increases; and Offsets for Grants, Taxes, etc.: Older water and wastewater systems were able to use federal grants. Federal grants are no longer so readily available. Some areas have used a 1 percent sales tax and other fees and taxes to support water and wastewater systems. WATER AND WASTEWATER CHARGES SURVEY RESULTS For comparison purposes, three examples of monthly water and wastewater charges were developed. The first example assumes a family uses 6,000 gallons per month (GPM). Figure 1 presents the price range of monthly residential water charges in the Metro District. The water charges for using 6,000 gallons are as low as $6.90 and as high as $79.00 per month. 1 Source: Comprehensive Guide to and Finance and Pricing, George A. Raftelis, 1993 CRC Press. 2

9 Figure 1 Residential Charges 6,000 GPM $90.00 $80.00 $70.00 $60.00 $50.00 $40.00 $30.00 $20.00 $10.00 $0.00 $79.00 $32.00 $6.90 Minimum Average Maximum Most utilities in the Metro District combine their water and wastewater charges in one bill. Figure 2 presents the combined charges, which range from $10.40 to $134.99, for residential water and wastewater service in the Metro District. Table 1 lists the water and wastewater charges for each utility in the Metro District using the residential example of 6,000 GPM. Figure 10 is a graphic representation of Table 1. Figure 2 Residential and Combined Charges 6,000 GPM $ $ $ $ $80.00 $60.00 $40.00 $20.00 $0.00 $ $67.37 $10.40 Minimum Average Maximum The second example illustrates the demand in water consumption during spring and summer seasons. In general, tiered rate structures encourage water conservation by charging higher rates for customers with higher water use. If, for example, a family used 6,000 GPM during fall and winter seasons but consumed 12,000 GPM during spring and summer seasons, then this increased usage should result in a billed consumption at the highest tier in the rate structure. Figure 3 presents the range of monthly residential water charges for water utilities in the Metro 3

10 District. The water charges for using 12,000 gallons are as low as $14.80 and as high as $ per month. $ $ Figure 3 Residential Charges 12,000 GPM $ $ $ $50.00 $0.00 $14.80 $64.17 Minimum Average Maximum The combined water and wastewater charges using a residential seasonal example of 12,000 GPM is illustrated in Figure 4. Combined water and wastewater charges range from $21.30 to $ Table 2 lists the water and wastewater charges for Metro District water utilities using a residential example of 12,000 GPM. $ $ Figure 4 Residential and Combined Charges 12,000 GPM $ $ $ $ $ $ $50.00 $0.00 $21.30 Minimum Average Maximum The third example assumes a consumption rate of 150,000 GPM with a 2 inch meter for a commercial entity. The water charges for a business using 150,000 GPM range from a low of $ to a high of $1, Figure 5 presents the water charges for a commercial entity using 150,000 GPM. 4

11 Figure 5 Commercial Charges 150,000 GPM $2, $2, $1, $1, $1, $1, $ $ $ $0.00 $1, $ $ Minimum Average Maximum Figure 6 illustrates the combined water and wastewater charges which range from $ to $3, The water and wastewater charges for each utility in the Metro District using the commercial example of 150,000 GPM are shown in Table 3. Figure 6 Commercial and Combined Charges 150,000 GPM $4, $4, $3, $3, $2, $2, $1, $1, $ $0.00 $3, $1, $ Minimum Average Maximum WATER RATE STRUCTURES In general, there are three major categories of water rate structures. They include increasing block, uniform, and decreasing block. Table 4 and Table 5 list the base and unit charges for the 5

12 utilities in the Metro District. Figure 7 illustrates the proportion of water rate structures attributable to each structure type found in the region by the percent of the Metro District s population they serve. The map in Figure 8 displays the use of increasing block and uniform rates throughout the Metro District. Decreasing block rates are no longer used by water utilities in the Metro District. Figure 7 Rate Structures by Percent Population Served Two Tiers 3.3% Unif orm 0.08% Three Tiers 53.9% Four or More Tiers 42.7% 6

13 Figure 8 Clermont Adairsville Nelson Hall Lula Waleska Gainesville Bartow White Ball Ground Cherokee Forsyth Euharlee Taylorsville Braswell Villa Rica Kingston Paulding Newnan Douglas Grantville Corinth Cartersville Dallas Hiram Coweta Emerson Cobb Powder Springs Chattahoochee Hills Moreland Douglasville Palmetto Acworth Kennesaw Smyrna Austell Fulton Sharpsburg Turin Union City Fairburn Haralson Tyrone Fayetteville Peachtree City Senoia Canton Holly Springs Woodstock Fayette Milton Mountain Alpharetta Park Roswell Marietta Atlanta Woolsey Brooks Sandy Springs East Point Hapeville College Park Forest Park Riverdale Dunwoody Morrow Jonesboro Lovejoy Hampton Johns Creek Norcross Doraville Chamblee Lilburn Clarkston Decatur Stone Pine Mountain Lake Avondale Estates Clayton DeKalb Cumming Duluth Berkeley Lake Lithonia Stockbridge Lawrenceville Gwinnett Rockdale McDonough Henry Locust Grove 7 Sugar Hill Suwanee Snellville Conyers Buford Dacula Grayson Flowery Branch Oakwood Braselton Metropolitan North Georgia Planning District Rate Structure <all other values> Rate Structure Uniform Increasing Block, 2 Tiers Increasing Block, 3 Tiers Increasing Block, 4 Tiers + Seasonal / Excess Use

14 Increasing Block Rate The most commonly used rate structure in the Metro District is the increasing block rate structure. This rate structure is considered an aggressive water conservation measure. With this rate, the price per unit increases as consumption increases. The increasing block rate is a type of tiered rate that may have 2 or more tiers. As a required water conservation measure in the Supply and Conservation Management Plan, all water utilities in the Metro District must implement at least a three-tiered rate structure. Seasonal and Excess Use Surcharges Excess use surcharges and seasonal surcharges are variations of the increasing block rate or increasing tiered approach that are used by some water systems in the Metro District. These approaches may apply increasing blocks based on volume used in the spring and summer seasons or may be a fixed tiered charge for excessive use (see Table 6). Increasing block or tiered rates serve percent of the Metro District s population, with percent served by 3 or more tiers and 3.34 percent served by 2 tiers. Uniform Rate The uniform rate structure promotes water conservation because the cost of water is directly proportional to the amount of water used. The price per unit remains constant regardless of consumption. Uniform rates serve 0.08 percent of the Metro District s population. Decreasing Block Rate In a decreasing block rate structure, the price per unit decreases as consumption or volume increases. This rate structure is beneficial to large users and is considered a disincentive to conservation. Decreasing block rate structures are not allowed within the Metro District and none of the water utilities use this pricing structure. Figure 9 shows the relationship between the price per unit and the cost to the customer for the three types of rates found in the Metro District. Commercial One of the decisions for a water system is whether to apply different rates to residential and commercial customers. Many commercial customers have a uniform use while residential customers, especially those with irrigations systems, have excessive peak use that cause greater impacts on the water resources and the water system. It is most effective to apply conservation rate structures to those customers that can change their behavior. Certain industrial, commercial and institutional water users or use sectors may need to have their individual systems analyzed to determine appropriate rate. 8

15 Figure 9 Types of Rate Structures 9

16 WASTEWATER RATE STRUCTURES rates are typically determined by the nature and volume of flows. Facilities that have received grants or loans under the Federal Clean Act may be required to adhere to user charges that recover costs proportional to each user. BILLING CYCLES Utilities in the Metro District use either monthly or bimonthly billing cycles. Of the 56 water utilities, 95 percent have a monthly billing cycle and 5 percent have a bimonthly cycle. Of the 52 wastewater utilities, 96 percent have a monthly billing cycle and 4 percent have a bimonthly billing cycle. Billing cycles should be set so that customers can observe and therefore modify their behaviors. Cycles should not be so long that changes would have no impact. With enhanced metering technology, short billing cycles, such as monthly, help keep customers in tune with actual usage patterns. NEXT EFFECTIVE RATE INCREASE As tiered rate structures achieve success, use in the top tier should decrease; therefore, conservation rates should be re-analyzed periodically. Periodic rate adjustments may be needed to ensure that the funds needed for regular operations are not jeopardized and also help prevent excessive rate increases in any given year. The majority of the water and wastewater utilities in the Metro District have recently undergone increases in their rates. Of the 56 water utilities, 55 (98 percent) have had rate increases in the last two years. Twentysix water utilities (46 percent) anticipate rate increases in the next two years. This information is presented in Table 7. ONE-TIME HOOK-UP FEES/CAPITAL COST CHARGES One-time capital charges and other types of fees are often used as a water and wastewater funding source. In the Metro District, the one-time capital or connection costs for a single family residence with a 5/8 or 3/4 water meter range from $ to $4, for water. The one-time wastewater capital or connection costs for a single family residence ranges from $ to $6, Table 8 lists the one-time capital or connection costs for water and wastewater. Table 9 presents additional development and/or impact fees for water and wastewater customers. It is extremely difficult to compare one-time fees between utilities. When comparing these fees, it is important to note that the charges may not cover the same services for all utilities. Costs which may or may not be included are: hook-up, tap and meter, backflow preventor, and system development costs. In addition, costs may vary significantly depending on the location of the development in question. 10

17 INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER SURCHARGES Industrial wastewater surcharges are used to recover costs associated with treating highstrength wastewater from industrial users. The pollutants included in these surcharges vary across jurisdiction and common pollutants that are surcharged include biological oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids (TSS), ammonia (NH₃), phosphorus (P), fats, oils and grease (FOG), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), and acidity and basicity (ph). Fifteen of the 52 wastewater utilities have industrial surcharges. The information is presented in Table 10. IRRIGATION METERS Irrigation often poses an added burden to the local water utility by creating very large peaks in water demand. Rate schedules for irrigation meters should recognize the impact that the high peak demand of irrigation places on the local water system and encourage conservation of our region s limited water supplies. All Metro District water utilities that allow the use of irrigation meters should have an irrigation rate that is significantly higher than the rate for indoor use. At a minimum, the rate for irrigation use should at least be equal to or greater than 200 percent of the first tier of the water rate structure. Table 11 lists the base and unit charges for water utilities in the Metro District. The table also notes if the irrigation rate is at least 200 percent of the first tier of the water rate structure. 11

18 TABLE 1: 2010 Residential & Bill Example 1 Bartow County Combined Bartow County Department $29.39 $28.41 $57.80 City of Adairsville Inside City $14.03 $14.03 $28.06 Outside City $21.05 $21.05 $42.10 Inside City $15.60 $16.56 $32.16 City of Cartersville Department 2 Outside City $30.20 $27.12 $57.32 City of Emerson Inside City $19.99 $38.27 $58.26 Outside City $32.86 $67.03 $99.89 City of Kingston 3 City of White Inside City Inside City $45.00 $16.75 N/A 4 $40.75 $57.50 Outside City Outside City $67.50 $19.50 N/A 4 $48.50 $68.00 Cherokee County Combined Cherokee County and Sewerage Authority $30.20 $38.00 $68.20 Inside City $33.05 $46.10 $79.15 City of Ball Ground 5,6 Outside City $44.05 $46.10 $90.15 City of Canton $28.20 $34.50 $62.70 City of Waleska $34.38 N/A 4 City of Woodstock and Sewer Utility $37.38 $54.68 $92.06 Clayton County Combined Clayton County Authority $27.39 $28.53 $55.92 Cobb County Combined Cobb County System 5 $26.65 $30.60 $57.25 City of Austell Inside City $19.84 $34.02 $53.86 Outside City $21.34 $35.58 $56.92 Marietta Power and $31.64 $42.34 $73.98 City of Powder Springs Inside City $25.86 $33.42 $59.28 Department Outside City $30.76 $36.00 $66.76 City of Smyrna $34.68 $39.30 $73.98 Coweta County Combined Coweta County and Sewerage Authority $43.27 $44.65 $87.92 City of Grantville $35.50 $44.00 $79.50 Inside City $24.30 $28.65 $52.95 Newnan Utilities 5 Outside City $30.60 $36.45 $67.05 City of Senoia $32.50 $37.00 $69.50 Town of Turin 7 $37.70 $42.84 $80.54 DeKalb County Combined DeKalb County and Sewer $12.27 $47.25 $59.52 Douglas County Combined Douglasville-Douglas County and Sewer Authority 5,6 $32.88 $35.66 $68.54 City of Villa Rica 5 Inside City $28.86 $32.83 $61.69 Outside City $43.19 $49.25 $

19 TABLE 1: 2010 Residential & Bill Example 1 ; continued Fayette County Combined Fayette County System $31.40 N/A 4 Town of Brooks 8 $31.40 $31.40 $62.80 City of Fayetteville 5 $26.10 $27.35 $53.45 Peachtree City and Sewerage Authority 8 $31.40 $28.98 $60.38 Town of Tyrone 8 $31.40 $46.90 $78.30 Forsyth County Combined Forsyth County and Sewer 5 $29.00 $39.04 $68.04 Inside City $20.04 $16.74 $36.78 City of Cumming 5 Outside City $24.64 $16.74 $41.38 Fulton County Combined North Fulton County System 3 $25.02 $41.34 $66.36 City of Atlanta Department of Inside City $38.18 $96.81 $ shed Management 2,5,9 Outside City $46.10 $37.89 $83.99 City of College Park $37.06 $33.94 $71.00 City of East Point $20.50 $14.75 $35.25 Inside City $52.46 $32.00 $84.46 City of Fairburn Outside City $79.00 $44.00 $ City of Hapeville $47.16 $28.50 $75.66 City of Mountain Park $34.93 $52.25 $87.18 City of Palmetto $24.15 $40.25 $64.40 City of Roswell 11 $29.20 N/A 4 $70.54 City of Union City $55.24 $31.32 $86.56 Gwinnett County Combined Gwinnett County Resources $32.16 $37.28 $69.44 Town of Braselton Inside City $31.15 $31.71 $62.86 Outside City $38.10 $31.71 $69.81 Inside City $6.90 $3.50 $10.40 City of Buford Outside City $15.30 $3.50 $18.80 City of Lawrenceville 3,10 $29.46 N/A 4 $29.46 City of Norcross 5 $39.64 $37.88 $77.52 City of Suwanee 10 $27.09 N/A 4 $64.37 Hall County Combined Inside City $33.29 $37.34 $70.63 City of Flowery Branch 5,6 Outside City $36.62 $49.66 $86.28 Inside City $21.05 $43.29 $64.34 City of Gainesville Public Utilities 2 Outside City $42.16 $45.19 $87.35 Henry County Combined Henry County and Sewerage Inside County $33.36 $33.36 $66.72 Authority Outside County $50.04 $50.04 $ City of Hampton $29.51 $44.51 $74.02 City of Locust Grove $38.19 $38.19 $76.38 City of McDonough $30.90 $30.90 $61.80 City of Stockbridge $35.24 $35.24 $

20 TABLE 1: 2010 Residential & Bill Example 1 ; continued Paulding County Combined Paulding County System $38.96 $32.00 $70.96 Inside City $26.76 $26.76 $53.52 City of Dallas Outside City $32.34 $32.34 $64.68 City of Hiram $21.30 N/A 4 Rockdale County Combined Rockdale Resources $33.65 $39.23 $ This analysis assumes a household with a 5/8" or 3/4" meter uses 6,000 gallons of water each month. Applicable minimum fees included. 2 Billed in cubic feet. Rates converted to gallons for comparison purposes. 3 Have excessive use penalty or surcharge. Surcharge not included in these calculations. 4 Not applicable. Service is not available in the area. 5 A discount rate for senior citizens is available. 6 A discount rate for disabled customers is available. 7 service outside of service area is provided by Newnan Utilities. 8 service is provided by Fayette County System. Sewer service is provided by the municipality, but billed by Fayette County System. 9 service outside of city is provided by Fulton County System. 10 Sewer service provided and billed by County. 14

21 Figure Combined and Bills at 6,000 GPM 1 City of Adairsville City of Atlanta Department of shed Management City of Austell City of Ball Ground Bartow County Department Town of Braselton Town of Brooks City of Buford City of Canton City of Cartersville Department Cherokee County and Sewerage Authority Clayton County Authority Cobb County System City of College Park Coweta County and Sewerage Authority City of Cumming City of Dallas DeKalb County and Sewer Douglasville-Douglas County and Sewer Authority City of East Point City of Emerson City of Fairburn City of Fayetteville City of Flowery Branch Forsyth County and Sewer City of Gainesville Public Utilities City of Grantville Gwinnett County Resources City of Hampton City of Hapeville Henry County and Sewerage Authority City of Lawrenceville City of Locust Grove Marietta Power and City of McDonough City of Mountain Park Newnan Utilities City of Norcross North Fulton County System City of Palmetto Paulding County Public Works Peachtree City City of Powder Springs Rockdale Resources City of Roswell City of Senoia City of Smyrna City of Stockbridge City of Suwanee Town of Turin Town of Tyrone City of Union City City of Villa Rica City of White City of Woodstock and Sewer $0 $20 $40 $60 $80 $100 $120 $140 1 The following utilities were not included because they do not bill directly for wastewater: City of Kingston, City of Waleska, Fayette County System, and City of Hiram. 15

22 TABLE 2: 2010 Summer Residential & Bill Example 1 Bartow County Combined Bartow County Department $62.87 $52.05 $ City of Adairsville Inside City $23.03 $23.03 $46.06 Outside City $34.55 $34.55 $69.10 Inside City $37.60 $27.12 $64.72 City of Cartersville Department 2 Outside City $57.28 $48.24 $ City of Emerson Inside City $36.03 $61.25 $97.28 Outside City $58.54 $ $ City of Kingston 3 City of White Inside City Inside City $45.00 $30.25 N/A 4 $54.25 $84.50 Outside City Outside City $67.50 $34.50 N/A 4 $63.50 $98.00 Cherokee County Combined Cherokee County and Sewerage Authority $62.20 $77.60 $ Inside City $62.25 $76.70 $ City of Ball Ground 5,6 Outside City $78.15 $76.70 $ City of Canton $57.80 $69.00 $ City of Waleska $70.26 N/A 4 City of Woodstock and Sewer Utility $70.06 $ $ Clayton County Combined Clayton County Authority $60.80 $58.83 $ Cobb County Combined Cobb County System 5 $49.93 $61.20 $ City of Austell Inside City $42.97 $68.04 $ Outside City $46.27 $71.16 $ Marietta Power and $59.65 $84.70 $ City of Powder Springs Inside City $57.90 $66.84 $ Department Outside City $63.22 $72.00 $ City of Smyrna $62.69 $78.60 $ Coweta County Combined Coweta County and Sewerage Authority $87.19 $87.55 $ City of Grantville $74.50 $80.00 $ Inside City $47.90 $49.05 $96.95 Newnan Utilities 5 Outside City $59.00 $64.65 $ City of Senoia $61.50 $61.00 $ Town of Turin 7 $78.30 $42.84 $ DeKalb County Combined DeKalb County and Sewer $25.87 $90.15 $ Douglas County Combined Douglasville-Douglas County and Sewer Authority 5,6 $59.10 $66.19 $ City of Villa Rica 5 Inside City $65.12 $59.17 $ Outside City $97.25 $88.76 $

23 TABLE 2: 2010 Summer Residential & Bill Example 1 ; continued Fayette County Combined Fayette County System $50.78 N/A 4 Town of Brooks 8 $50.78 $50.78 $ City of Fayetteville 5 $44.95 $44.45 $89.40 Peachtree City and Sewerage Authority 8 $50.78 $57.96 $ Town of Tyrone 8 $50.78 $97.60 $ Forsyth County Combined Forsyth County and Sewer 5 $56.18 $68.08 $ Inside City $37.86 $33.78 $71.64 City of Cumming 5 Outside City $45.46 $33.78 $79.24 Fulton County Combined North Fulton County System 3 $43.14 $75.78 $ City of Atlanta Department of Inside City $82.28 $ $ shed Management 2,5,9 Outside City $99.62 $72.33 $ City of College Park $68.60 $68.80 $ City of East Point $39.00 $36.25 $75.25 Inside City $ $59.00 $ City of Fairburn Outside City $ $77.00 $ City of Hapeville $ $63.00 $ City of Mountain Park $ $ $ City of Palmetto $46.85 $81.65 $ City of Roswell 10 $58.80 N/A 4 $ City of Union City $ $47.64 $ Gwinnett County Combined Gwinnett County Resources $65.06 $69.56 $ Town of Braselton City of Buford Inside City $60.11 $62.25 $ Outside City $67.06 $62.25 $ Inside City $14.80 $6.50 $21.30 Outside City $32.00 $6.50 $38.50 City of Lawrenceville 3,10 $58.92 N/A 4 $58.92 City of Norcross 5 $73.48 $70.76 $ City of Suwanee 10 $54.61 N/A 4 $ Hall County Combined City of Flowery Branch 5,6 City of Gainesville Public Utilities 2 Inside City $75.26 $67.22 $ Outside City $95.24 $89.38 $ Inside City $41.48 $86.60 $ Outside City $83.08 $90.37 $ Henry County Combined Henry County and Sewerage Inside County $69.66 $64.80 $ Authority Outside County $ $97.20 $ City of Hampton $64.41 $94.41 $ City of Locust Grove $81.69 $81.69 $ City of McDonough $65.49 $65.49 $ City of Stockbridge $79.91 $79.91 $

24 TABLE 2: 2010 Summer Residential & Bill Example 1 ; continued Paulding County Combined Paulding County System $75.20 $62.00 $ Inside City $62.16 $62.16 $ City of Dallas Outside City $75.20 $75.20 $ City of Hiram $55.54 N/A 4 Rockdale County Combined Rockdale Resources $53.21 $63.83 $ This analysis assumes a household with a 5/8" or 3/4" meter uses 12,000 gallons of water each month. Applicable minimum fees included. 2 Billed in cubic feet. Rates converted to gallons for comparison purposes. 3 Have excessive use penalty or surcharge. Surcharge not included in these calculations. 4 Not applicable. Service is not available in the area. 5 A discount rate for senior citizens is available. 6 A discount rate for disabled customers is available. 7 service outside of service area is provided by Newnan Utilities. 8 service is provided by Fayette County System. Sewer service is provided by the municipality, but billed by Fayette County System. 9 service outside of city is provided by Fulton County System. 10 Sewer service provided and billed by County. 18

25 TABLE 3: 2010 Commercial & Bill Example 1 Bartow County Combined Bartow County Department $ $ $1, City of Adairsville Inside City $ $ $ Outside City $ $ $ Inside City $ $ $ City of Cartersville Department 2 Outside City $ $ $1, City of Emerson City of Kingston 3 City of White Inside City Inside City Inside City $ $ $ $ N/A 4 $ $1, $1, Outside City Outside City Outside City $ $1, $ $1, N/A 4 $ $1, $1, Cherokee County Combined Cherokee County and Sewerage Authority $ $ $1, City of Ball Ground Inside City $ $ $1, Outside City $ $ $1, City of Canton $ $ $1, City of Waleska $ N/A 4 City of Woodstock and Sewer Utility $ $1, $2, Clayton County Combined Clayton County Authority $ $ $1, Cobb County Combined Cobb County System $ $ $1, City of Austell Inside City $1, $ $2, Outside City $1, $ $2, Marietta Power and $ $1, $1, City of Powder Springs Department $ $ $1, City of Smyrna $ $ $1, Coweta County Combined Coweta County and Sewerage Authority $1, $1, $2, City of Grantville $ $1, $2, Newnan Utilities Inside City $ $ $1, Outside City $ $ $1, City of Senoia $ $ $1, Town of Turin 5 $1, N/A 4 $1, DeKalb County Combined DeKalb County and Sewer $ $1, $1, Douglas County Combined Douglasville-Douglas County and Sewer Authority $ $ $1, City of Villa Rica Inside City $ $ $1, Outside City $ $1, $2,

26 TABLE 3: 2010 Commercial & Bill Example 1 ; continued Fayette County Combined Fayette County System $ N/A 4 Town of Brooks 6 $ $ $1, City of Fayetteville $ $ $ Peachtree City and Sewerage Authority 6 $ $ $1, Town of Tyrone 6 $ $1, $1, Forsyth County Combined Forsyth County and Sewer $ $ $1, City of Cumming Inside City $ $ $ Outside City $ $ $1, Fulton County Combined North Fulton County System 3 $ $ $1, City of Atlanta Department of Inside City $1, $2, $3, shed Management 2,7 Outside City $1, $ $2, City of College Park $ $ $1, City of East Point $ $ $1, City of Fairburn Inside City $1, $ $2, Outside City $1, $1, $2, City of Hapeville $1, $ $2, City of Mountain Park N/A 4 N/A 4 City of Palmetto $ $1, $1, City of Roswell 8 $ N/A 4 $1, City of Union City $1, $ $1, Gwinnett County Combined Gwinnett County Resources $ $ $1, Town of Braselton City of Buford Inside City Inside City $ $ $ $ $1, $1, Outside City Outside City $ $ $ $ $1, $1, City of Lawrenceville 3,8 $ N/A 4 $ City of Norcross $ $ $1, City of Suwanee 8 $1, N/A 4 $1, Hall County Combined City of Flowery Branch Inside City $ $1, $2, Outside City $1, $1, $3, Inside City $ $1, $1, City of Gainesville Public Utilities 2,3 Outside City $ $1, $2, Henry County Combined Henry County and Sewerage Authority Inside County $ $ $1, Outside County $1, $1, $2, City of Hampton $1, $1, $2, City of Locust Grove $1, $1, $2, City of McDonough $1, $1, $2, City of Stockbridge $1, $ $1,

27 TABLE 3: 2010 Commercial & Bill Example 1 ; continued Paulding County Combined Paulding County System $ $ $1, City of Dallas Inside City $1, $1, $3, Outside City $1, $1, $3, City of Hiram $ N/A 4 Rockdale County Combined Rockdale Resources $ $ $1, This analysis assumes a commercial establishment with a 2" meter using 150,000 gallons of water each month. 2 Billed in cubic feet. Rates converted to gallons for comparison purposes. 3 Have excessive use penalty or surcharge. Surcharge not included in these calculations. 4 Not applicable. Service is not available or does not exist in the area. 5 service provided and billed by Newnan Utilities. 6 service is provided by Fayette County System. Sewer service is provided by the municipality, but billed by Fayette County System. 7 service outside of city is provided by Fulton County System. 8 Sewer service provided and billed by County. 21

28 Table 4a: Rate Summary Number of Jurisdiction Base Charge 1 Commodity Charge 1 ($/gallon) Rate Type Blocks Billing Cycle Bartow County Bartow County Residential 4.77 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 0-5,000 Increasing Block 4 Department 4.92 / 1,000 = 6,000-8, / 1,000 = 9,000-15, / 1,000 = 16,000 Commercial (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform Industrial varies by meter / 1,000 Uniform City of Adairsville Inside City ,000 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = > 3,000 Uniform Outside City ,000 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = > 3,000 Uniform City of Cartersville Res Inside City 6.00 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 0-7,480 Increasing Block 4 Department / 1,000 = 8,228-10, / 1,000 = 11,220-14, / 1,000 = > 14,960 Res Outside City (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 0-7,480 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 8,228-10, / 1,000 = 11,220-14, / 1,000 = > 14,960 Com Inside City (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform Com Outside City (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform Industrial Inside City (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform Industrial Outside City (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform City of Emerson Res Inside City / 1,000 = 0-5,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 5,000-10, / 1,000 = > 10,000 Res Outside City / 1,000 = 0-5,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 5,000-10, / 1,000 = > 10,000 Com Inside City (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform Com Outside City (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform City of Kingston Inside City 8.00 (varies by meter) / 1,000 Increasing Block 4 4 Outside City (varies by meter) / 1,000 Increasing Block 4 4 Com Inside City (varies by meter) / 1,000 Increasing Block 4 2 Com Outside City (varies by meter) / 1,000 Increasing Block 4 2 City of White Res Inside City , / 1,000 Uniform Res Outside City , / 1,000 Uniform Com Inside City ,000 (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform Com Outside City ,000 (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform Cherokee County Cherokee County and Residential / 1,000 = 1,000-2,000 Increasing Block 3 Sewerage Authority 5.00 / 1,000 = 3,000-10, / 1,000 = > 10,000 Commercial , / 1,000 = > 34,000 Uniform (varies by meter and consumption) 2 22

29 Table 4a: Rate Summary; continued Number of Jurisdiction Base Charge 1 Commodity Charge 1 ($/gallon) Rate Type Blocks Billing Cycle Cherokee County City of Ball Ground Inside City / 1,000 = 0-3,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 3,001-5, / 1,000 = 5,001-8, / 1,000 = 8,001-10, / 1,000 = 10,001 Outside City / 1,000 = 0-3,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 3,001-5, / 1,000 = 5,001-8, / 1,000 = 8,001-10, / 1,000 = 10,001 City of Canton Residential , / 1,000 = 3,000-10,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 11,000-15, / 1,000 = 16,000 Com/Ind , / 1,000 = 3,000 Uniform City of Waleska Residential , / 1,000 = 2,000-5,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 5,000-15, / 1,000 = > 15,000 Small Commercial , / 1,000 = 2,000-5,000 Increasing Block 3 (less than 2" meter) 6.48 / 1,000 = 5,000-15, / 1,000 = > 15,000 Institutional , / 1,000 = 10, ,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = > 100,000 City of Woodstock , / 1,000 = 1,000-10,000 Increasing Block 2 and Sewer Utility Clayton County Clayton County Residential , / 1,000 = > 10, / 1,000 = 0-3,000 Increasing Block 4 Authority 4.81 / 1,000 = 4, 000-7, / 1,000 = 8,000-20, / 1,000 = > 20,000 Commercial ,000 (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform Cobb County Cobb County System Residential 7.00 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 1,000-3,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 4,000-15, / 1,000 = 16,000-29, / 1,000 = 30,000-49, / 1,000 = > 50,000 Com/Ind (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform City of Austell Inside City , / 1,000 = 2,001-7,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 7,001-15, / 1,000 = 15,001-50, / 1,000 = 50,001 Outside City , / 1,000 = 2,001-7,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 7,001-15, / 1,000 = 15,001-50, / 1,000 = > 50,001 23

30 Table 4a: Rate Summary; continued Number of Jurisdiction Base Charge 1 Commodity Charge 1 ($/gallon) Rate Type Blocks Billing Cycle Cobb County Marietta Power and Residential , / 1,000 = 2,000-7,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 7,000-12, / 1,000 = > 12,000 Commercial (based on , / 1,000 = 25,000 Uniform 2" meter) (varies by meter and consumption) 2 City of Powder Springs Res Inside City , / 1,000 = 2,001-6,000 Increasing Block 3 Department 5.34 / 1,000 = 6,001-15, / 1,000 = 15,001 Res Outside City , / 1,000 = 2,001-6,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 6,001-15, / 1,000 = 15,001 Commercial , / 1,000 = > 2,001 Uniform City of Smyrna Residential (varies by meter) 2, / 1,000 = 0-3,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 3,001-7, / 1,000 = 7,001-14, / 1,000 = 14,001 Multi-Family/Com (varies by meter) 2, / 1,000 Uniform Coweta County Coweta County Residential / 1,000 = 0-5,000 Increasing Block 4 and Sewerage Authority 7.32 / 1,000 = 5,001-15, / 1,000 = 15,001-30, / 1,000 = 30,001 Com/Ind / 1,000 = 0-5,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 5,001-15, / 1,000 = 15,001-30, / 1,000 = 30,001 Church/School / 1,000 Uniform City of Grantville Residential , / 1,000 = 2,001-5,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = > 5,000 Commercial , / 1,000 = 2,001-5,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = > 5,000 Newnan Utilities Res Inside City / 1,000 = 0-4,500 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 4,501-10, / 1,000 = > 10,000 Res Outside City / 1,000 = 0-4,500 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 4,501-10, / 1,000 = > 10,000 Com Inside City / 1,000 = 0-16,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 16,001-70, / 1,000 = > 70,000 Com Outside City / 1,000 = 0-16,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 16,001-70, / 1,000 = > 70,000 City of Senoia Residential , / 1,000 = 1,501-10,000 Increasing Block 2 Commercial , / 1,000 = 10, / 1,000 = 1,501-10,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 10,000 Industrial , / 1,000 = 1,501-10,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 10,000 24

31 Table 4a: Rate Summary; continued Number of Jurisdiction Base Charge 1 Commodity Charge 1 ($/gallon) Rate Type Blocks Billing Cycle Coweta County Town of Turin Residential , / 1,000 = 2,001-5,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 5,001-10, / 1,000 = > 10,001 Commercial , / 1,000 = 2,001-5,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 5,001-10, / 1,000 = > 10,000 DeKalb County DeKalb County and Res / Small Com 3.60 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 0-4,000 Increasing Block 4 Bimonthly Sewer 1.94 / 1,000 = 4,001-20, / 1,000 = 20,001-40, / 1,000 = > 40,000 Commercial (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform Douglas County Douglasville-Douglas County Residential based on 9.60 (varies by meter) 2, / 1,000 = 0-6,000 Increasing Block 3 and Sewer Authority 3/4" meter 4.86 / 1,000 = 6,001-9, / 1,000 = > 9,000 Commercial based on / 1,000 = 0-48,000 Increasing Block 3 2" meter (varies by meter and consumption) 2, / 1,000 = 48,001-72, / 1,000 = > 72,000 City of Villa Rica Res Inside City 6.50 (varies by meter) / 1000 = 0-5,000 Increasing Block / 1000 = 5,001-8, / 1000 = > 8,500 Res Outside City 9.75 (varies by meter) / 1000 = 0-5,000 Increasing Block / 1000 = 5,001-8, / 1000 = > 8,500 Com Inside City based on / 1000 = 0-85,000 Increasing Block 3 2" meter (varies by meter and consumption) 2, / 1000 = 85, , / 1000 = > 250,000 Com Outside City based / 1000 = 0-85,000 Increasing Block 3 on 2" meter (varies by meter and consumption) 2, / 1000 = 85, , / 1000 = > 250,000 Fayette County Fayette County System Small Res (3/4" & 1" , / 1,000 = 2,001-19,999 Increasing Block 2 meters) 4.39 / 1,000 = 20,000 Large Res (1 1/2", 2", (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 0-19,999 Increasing Block 2 3", & 4" meters) Commercial (varies by meter) / 1,000 = > 19, / 1,000 Uniform Town of Brooks provided by the County City of Fayetteville Residential , / 1,000 = > 2,000-10,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 10,000-20, / 1,000 = > 20,000 Commercial , / 1,000 = > 2,000 Uniform Peachtree City and Sewerage Authority provided by the County Town of Tyrone provided by the County 25

32 Table 4a: Rate Summary; continued Number of Jurisdiction Base Charge 1 Commodity Charge 1 ($/gallon) Rate Type Blocks Billing Cycle Forsyth County Forsyth County and Residential ,000 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 1,000-6,000 Increasing Block 5 Sewer 4.53 / 1,000 = 6,000-12, / 1,000 = 12,000-24, / 1,000 = 24,000-36, / 1,000 = > 36,000 Commercial ,000 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = > 1,000 Uniform City of Cumming Res Inside City / 1,000 = 0-6,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 6,001-16, / 1,000 = > 16,600 Res Outside City / 1,000 = 0-6,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 6,001-16,600 Com Inside City , / 1,000 = > 16, / 1,000 = > 3,000 Uniform Com Outside City , / 1,000 = > 3,000 Uniform Fulton County North Fulton County Residential 6.90 (varies by meter) / 1,000 Seasonal Increasing 4 3 Bimonthly System Commercial (varies by meter) / 1,000 Seasonal Increasing 4 3 City of Atlanta Department of Inside City / 1,000 = 0-2,244 Increasing Block 3 shed Management / 1,000 = 2,992-4, / 1,000 = > 4,488 Outside City / 1,000 = 0-2,244 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 2,992-4, / 1,000 = > 4,488 City of College Park Residential / 1,000 = 0-4,000 Increasing Block 3 Multi Family / 1,000 = 4,001-8, / 1,000 = > 8, / 1,000 = 0-4,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 4,001-8, / 1,000 = > 8,000 Commercial / 1,000 Uniform City of East Point Residential ,000 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 4,000-7,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 8,000-15, / 1,000 = 16,000 Multi-Family/Comm ,000 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 4,000-7,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 8,000-15, / 1,000 = 16,000 City of Fairburn Res Inside City , / 1,000 = 2,001-4,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 4,001-6, / 1,000 = 6,001-9, / 1,000 = > 9,000 Res Outside City , / 1,000 = 2,001-4,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 4,001-6, / 1,000 = 6,001-9, / 1,000 = > 9,000 Com Inside City based on , / 1,000 = 2,000-20,000 Increasing Block 3 2" meter / 1,000 = 20,001-36, / 1,000 = 36,001 Com Outside City based , / 1,000 = 2,000-20,000 Increasing Block 3 on 2" meter / 1,000 = 20,001-36, / 1,000 = 36,001 26

33 Table 4a: Rate Summary; continued Number of Jurisdiction Base Charge 1 Commodity Charge 1 ($/gallon) Rate Type Blocks Billing Cycle Fulton County City of Hapeville , / 1,000 = > 2,000 - < 10,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = > 10,000 - < 50, / 1,000 = > 50,000 City of Mountain Park , / 1,000 = 4,500-8,500 Increasing Block , / 1,000 = > 8,500 City of Palmetto Residential , / 1,000 = 3,000-8,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 9,000-20, / 1,000 = 21,000 Commercial , / 1,000 = 3,000-10,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 11,000 City of Roswell Residential 7.00 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 0-10,000 Increasing Block 3 Bimonthly 7.40 / 1,000 = 10,001-20, / 1,000 = > 20,001 Small Commercial (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 0-100,000 Increasing Block 3 Bimonthly 7.40 / 1,000 = 100, , / 1,000 = > 150,001 Large Commercial (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 0-245,000 Increasing Block 3 Bimonthly 7.40 / 1,000 = 245, , / 1,000 = > 600,001 City of Union City (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 0-15,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = > 15,000 Gwinnett County Gwinnett County Residential 7.50 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 0-8,000 Increasing Block 3 Resources 6.17 / 1,000 = 8,001-12, / 1,000 = > 12,000 Commercial (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform Town of Braselton (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 2,001-5,000 Increasing Block 3 City of Buford Res Inside City 4.75 / 1,000 = 5,001-10, / 1,000 = > 10, / 1,000 = 0-8,000 Increasing Block 3 Res Outside City 1.40 / 1,000 = 8,000-15, / 1,000 = > 15, / 1,000 = 0-8,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 8,000-15, / 1,000 = > 15,000 Com/Ind (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform City of Lawrenceville Residential , / 1,000 Seasonal Increasing 4 3 Commercial , / 1,000 Seasonal Increasing 4 3 City of Norcross (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 0-5,000 Increasing Block 3 City of Suwanee , / 1,000 = 5, , / 1,000 = > 100, / 1,000 = 2,001-5,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 5,001-10, / 1,000 = > 10,001 27

34 Table 4a: Rate Summary; continued Number of Jurisdiction Base Charge 1 Commodity Charge 1 ($/gallon) Rate Type Blocks Billing Cycle Hall County City of Flowery Branch Res Inside City , / 1,000 = 4,501-7,500 Increasing Block 2 (Built before June 2000) 5.80 / 1,000 = 7,501 Res Inside City , / 1,000 = 4,501-7,500 Increasing Block 2 (Built after June 2000) Res Outside City , / 1,000 = 7, / 1,000 = 4,501-7,500 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 7,501 Com Inside City , / 1,000 = 7,001-60,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 60,001 Com Outside City , / 1,000 = 7,001-60,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 60,001 City of Gainesville Res Inside City / 1,000 = 0-7,480 Increasing Block 3 Public Utilities / 1,000 = 8,228-13, / 1,000 = > 13,464 Res Outside City / 1,000 = 0-7,480 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 8,228-13, / 1,000 = > 13,464 Com/Multi-Family / 1,000 Increasing Block 4 3 Inside City Com/Multi-Family / 1,000 Increasing Block 4 3 Outside City Industrial Inside City / 1,000 Uniform Industrial Outside City / 1,000 Uniform Henry County Henry County and Res Inside County / 1,000 = 0-6,000 Increasing Block 3 Sewerage Authority 5.24 / 1,000 = 6,001-10, / 1,000 = 10,001 Res Outside County 150% of Res Inside County rate Increasing Block 3 Com/Ind Inside County (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform Com/Ind Outside County 150% of Com/Ind Inside County rate Uniform City of Hampton / 1,000 = 0-6,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 6,001-10, / 1,000 = 10,001 City of Locust Grove , / 1,000 = 2,001-10,000 Increasing Block 2 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 10,001 City of McDonough , / 1,000 = 3,001-9,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = > 9,000 City of Stockbridge Residential 6.00 (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 0-4,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 4,001-9, / 1,000 = 9,001 Commercial (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 0-10,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 10,001 Paulding County Paulding County System Residential / 1,000 = 0-8,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 8,001-16,000 Commercial / 1,000 = > 16, / 1,000 Uniform 28

35 Table 4a: Rate Summary; continued Number of Jurisdiction Base Charge 1 Commodity Charge 1 ($/gallon) Rate Type Blocks Billing Cycle Paulding County City of Dallas Res Inside City 6.78 = 2,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 0-6, / 1,000 = 6,001-10, / 1,000 = 10,001-14, / 1,000 = > 14,000 Res Outside City 6.78 = 2,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 0-6, / 1,000 = 6,001-10, / 1,000 = 10,001-14, / 1,000 = > 14,000 Com Inside City 6.78 = 2,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 0-6, / 1,000 = 6,001-10, / 1,000 = 10,001-14, / 1,000 = > 14,000 Com Outside City 6.78 = 2,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 0-6, / 1,000 = 6,001-10, / 1,000 = 10,001-14, / 1,000 = > 14,000 City of Hiram , / 1,000 = 2,000-6,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 6,001-8, / 1,000 = > 8,000 Rockdale County Rockdale Resources Residential (varies by meter) / 1,000 = 0-6,000 Increasing Block / 1,000 = 7,000-12, / 1,000 = 13,000 Com/Ind (varies by meter) / 1,000 Uniform 1 The water rates are the same for all customer classes unless otherwise noted. (Res - Residential, Com - Commercial, Ind - Industrial) 2 The utility has a minimum fee based on the size of the water meter. See table 4b for details on cost by meter size. Certain minimum fees also vary by consumption. For example, for a 3/4" meter a utility may have a minimum charge of $10 for the first 2,000 gallons and charge $60 for the first 25,000 on a 2" meter. 3 Billed in cubic feet. Rates converted to gallons for comparison purposes. 4 See Table 6 for Surcharge Rates 5 minimum charge is combined with wastewater minimum charge. 6 The utility rate structure varies based on meter size. For example, a 3/4" meter may have the first tier from 0-3,000 gallons while a 2" meter may have the first tier from 0-48,000 gallons. 29