The Necessity of a New Culture of Electronic Publishing C A S L I N

Transcription

1 Humboldt-University at Berlin Computer and Media Services The Necessity of a New Culture of Electronic Publishing C A S L I N 2004 Dr. Peter Schirmbacher

2 Humboldt-University at Berlin Computer and Media Services The Necessity of a New Culture of Electronic Publishing Outline: 1. Introduction 2. What is a culture of electronic publishing 3. Changes in publishing process 4. Recommendations of DINI 5. Certificate for document and publication repositories

3 Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin

4 Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 11 Departments Charité: largest medical faculty in Europe Museum of Natural History students > 10 % foreign students 224 study courses 380 professors 3500 staff

5

6 Changing Libraries

7 Changing Libraries 1. Change from paper based materials to digital materials with different kinds of presentation Text oriented documents Video-files Audio-files Pictures 2. The workflow in the library is changing. Acquisition Exploitation Cataloguing Long term preservation Retrieval

8 Situation in Germany Year of publication sum Number of electronic dissertations

9 Present Situation Perspectives and problems Percentage of electronic publications is rapidly growing Generally there are few experiences in electronic publishing The process of electronic publishing is at it's very beginning Only few standards exist There are some rules and recommendations for authors, libraries and the whole scholarly community

10 Culture of Scholarly Publishing Long tradition in scholarly publishing 2200 year before the invention of paper Write on papyrus roll Gutenberg produce the bible in a new printing technology 1452 Several hundred years experiences organizing public and scientific libraries acquisition, exploitation, cataloguing, long term archiving, An established convention of publishing Authors, who are interested in publishing Referee system Libraries with the duty to collect Readers with interests for books Some other examples Citation systems, rules of scholarly communication,

11 Expectation of Electronic Publishing View of authors create and edit; publishing / dissemination, intellectual property rights / authenticity / integrity, question of time,. View of users availability, retrieval capabilities, authenticity,... View of libraries acquisition, exploitation, cataloguing, long term archiving, authenticity,... View of computing centers availability, bandwidth of computer network, retrieval, long term archiving, search machines, storage capacity View of publishers technological process, quality control, dissemination, marketing,

12 Changes in publishing process Creation an electronic document Demands of the authors Modern text processor Supporting tools for multimedia applications Guarantee of integrity and authenticity of my document Long term archiving Short publication times Worldwide availability Requirements to the authors Do not use proprietary systems or file formats Use standards or at least common rules In order to support the retrieval create a structured text Do not use your own system of citation

13 Changes in publishing process Availability / publishing Traditional way Stabile technology Long publishing cycles Quite small availability Established referee system No problems with authenticity and integrity of documents Immutable paper based formats Electronic publishing No established technologies Short time to publish Worldwide accessibility Referee systems are to establish Digital signatures and time stamps are necessary (new technology, new laws) Only partial solutions do exist

14 Changes in publishing process Exploitation The community tries to find new approaches: Dublin core metadata set Integration of metadata into OPAC s Rules for the authors in order to collect metadata Templates in order to structure documents (Document type definitions) Standard file formats for different media types Open Archives Initiative in order to realize the technical possibilities to access Budapest Open Access Initiative in order to give everybody to access

15 Changes in publishing process Digital Preservation / Archiving Traditional experiences 2000 years using of paper Format is determined by paper Authenticity and integrity are no problems --- In most cases expensive square meter of rooms, cost of boards, Insufficient solved problems Problems of storage media Few experiences with new storage media about a long term Problems with file formats Only few standards and rules like SGML or XML (dissemination is to limited) Special technologies necessary in order to guarantee authenticity and integrity of documents ---- Relative good value

16 Changes in publishing process Retrieval Successful retrieval is one of the main objectives in publishing Electronic publishing gives a chance of higher quality and quantity of retrieval Quality Chance of better hits Integration of multimedia documents Quantity Basically worldwide access Process of search is quicker The broad availability

17 Recommendations Deutsche Initiative für NetzwerkInformation DINI (German Initiative for Networked Information) Coalition of German Infrastructure- or Service-Institutions: Libraries Computing Centres Media Centres Learned Societies DINI Electronic Publishing Group

18 Problem description (1) Library text Computing centre graphics computeranimation Media centre databasesearching libraryretrieval audiodokuments videomaterial creation of multimedia teaching materials videoconferencing WWW CD-ROM-presentation DINI Electronic Publishing Group

19 University Repositories http :// General rules / Recommendations 1. Compliance with national and international rules and standards Open Archives Initiative Dublin Core Metadata Element Set 2. Avoidance of proprietary file formats Using of SGML and XML should be the aim of long term activities 3. Protection of authenticity and integrity Saving the documents by time stamps and methods of digital signature Establish a policy for document and publishing server 4. Archiving and long term availability Recommendation for hardware, software und orgware rules

20 University Repositories http :// Recommendations to the universities 1. Organizational foundations Publishing policy for the whole university (university press) Policy for a document and publishing server 2. Legal Basics Saving intellectual properties Agreements between authors and university press 3. Financial and staff efforts Costs for equipments Costs for staff 4. Further education For authors For staff

21 Certificate for Publication Repositories Results of the Survey Answers from 47 universities inside Germany Kinds of documents (theses and dissertations, monographs, journals, preprints, papers, teaching materials, historical digitalized materials, ) Only 40 % are working based on a policy File formats Kinds of interfaces Kinds of services

22 University Repositories Which kinds of documents are offered? Preprints Zeitschriften/Artikel Monographien Diplom-/Magisterarbeiten Reports (Berichte, Leitfäden) Dissertationen/Habilitationen Historische Quellmaterialien Multimedia-Anwendungen Jahrbücher Multimediale Lehr- und Lern... Seminararbeiten Proceedings Reden Retrodigitalisierte Dokumen.. Vorlesungsskripte

23 University Repositories In welchem Format bieten Sie die digitalen Dokumente an? als gedruckte Kopie Quicktime LaTeX SGML AVI WAV XML Real Audio MP3 Textverarbeitung (RTF, Worddatei) MPEG Archive (ZIP) Real Video Postscript HTML PDF

24 University Repositories Kinds o f Interfaces SOAP 0 Z OAI OAI Keine

25 DINI-Certificate 1. Policy 2. Author Support 3. Legal Aspects 4. Authenticity and Integrity 5. Indexing Subject indexing Export of Metadata Interfaces 6. Logs and Statistics 7. Long-term Availability

26 DINI-Certificate 1. Policy statements to content and functional and technical quality A guarantee to archive for defined time definition of services that the operator of the document repository offers to authors and editors

27 DINI-Certificate 1. Policy 2. Author Support Minimum standard Offer consultancy services and support via web pages; , telephone Support of the entire publication process DINI-recommendations: Curriculum of courses Specialized courses on structured writing for authors

28 DINI-Certificate 1. Policy 2. Author Support 3. Legal Aspects The operator of the repository must be permitted: to publish the uploaded document onto the repository to forward the document to an archiving institution to alter the documents technically to secure long-term availability

29 DINI-Certificate 1. Policy 2. Author Support 3. Legal Aspects 4. Authenticity and Integrity Minimum technical standards for servers Documentation of the technical system Back-up system to secure repository Technically controlled and verifiable acceptance of documents DINI-recommendations SSL certification

30 DINI-Certificate 1. Policy 2. Author Support 3. Legal Aspects 4. Authenticity and Integrity Minimum standards for documents Persistent Identifier A document with altered content must be treated as a new document Archiving of authors uploaded file in their original format DINI-recommendations Advanced digital signature

31 DINI-Certificate 1. Policy 2. Author Support 3. Legal Aspects 4. Authenticity and Integrity 5. Indexing / Subject indexing Minimum standards - Availability of a defined policy for indexing - Verbal indexing with keywords or classificatory indexing DINI-OAI-recommendations - At least one additional standardized system - Keywords in English - Abstracts in German and English

32 DINI-Certificate 1. Policy 2. Author Support 3. Legal Aspects 4. Authenticity and Integrity 5. Indexing / Export of Metadata Minimum standards - Metadata are available for free - Unqualified Dublin Core DINI-recommendations - Qualified Dublin Core - Technical and/or archival metadata -

33 DINI-Certificate 1. Policy 2. Author Support 3. Legal Aspects 4. Authenticity and Integrity 5. Indexing / Interfaces Minimum standards - User interface to the web repository - OAI PMH 2.0 DINI-recommendations - Expansion to allow for exchange of complex metadata schemata - Web-service interface (e.g. SOAP) - Z 39.50

34 DINI-Certificate 1. Policy 2. Author Support 3. Legal Aspects 4. Authenticity and Integrity 5. Indexing Subject indexing Export of Metadata Interfaces 6. Logs and Statistics

35 DINI-Certificate 1. Policy 2. Author Support 3. Legal Aspects 4. Authenticity and Integrity 5. Indexing Subject indexing Export of Metadata Interfaces 6. Logs and Statistics 7. Long-term Availability

36 DINI-Certificate / Evaluation df Proposal by Web-questionnaire Evaluation of minimum standards by two experts Legitimacy to use the DINI-certificate-logo

37 DINI-Certificate Electronic Publishing in Higher Education Recommendations DINI-Certificate Questions: DINI-office, located at University-Library of Goettingen Dr. Peter Schirmbacher, Computer- and Mediaservice of Humboldt University Berlin

38 CASLIN-Workshop on Wednesday 1. DINI-Certificate in Details 2. Document and Publication Service at Humboldt- University 3. ProPrint a Special Printing on Demand Project

39

40

41