Proposed Architecture for Asynchronous Web Services in JAX-RPC 2.0

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1 Copyright 2004 NTT DATA Corporation Prepared for JSR-224 F2F meeting Proposed Architecture for Asynchronous Web Services in JAX-RPC 2.0 March 11th, 2004 Toshiyuki KIMURA R&D Headquarters NTT DATA Corporation

2 What's the need for Async Web Services? Synchronous Web Services by using HTTP Web Service impl. Just 1 HTTP connection Request Web Service impl. Blocks future processing Response Easy to build a service end-point and client. Blocking stuff gives us unwelcome events on both client-side and server-side. Unsuitable for long-term process on server-side side 2

3 What's the Async Web Services? Types of Async Web Services Callback type (Push) Request and Response are transferred by two different HTTP connections. The result is pushed back by server-side when the request has been completed. Polling type (Pull) Request and Response are transferred by over two different HTTP connections. The result is picked up by the client with several times of polling. 3

4 How to implement Async Web Services? Polling type of Async Web Services Web service impl. Invoke Invoke Receive Receive ID ID Get Get result result JAX-RPC Order request Get result Web container JAX-RPC End-point JMS Queue / Topic EJB container MDB MDB SLSB SLSB DBMS / EIS J2EE Platform J2EE Platform Issue 1: Server load-up Issue 2: Difficulty of client impl. JMS (Java Message Service) MDB (Message-Driven Bean) SLSB (Stateless Session Bean) 4

5 Measure of issue-1, Server load-up Server sends control info for poll-timing to clients Web Service client impl. Web Service impl. Order request Control info DB A Get result Web Web Service Service <asyncworkflow> <asyncstaticparam> <firstinteval> </firstInterval> <iterateinterval> </iterateInterval> <timeoutinterval> </timeoutInterval> <maxretrycount>50</maxretrycount> </asyncstaticparam> <asyncworkflow> C B Server gets the initiative to control its QoS. 5

6 Measure for issue-2, difficulty of client impl. Create a utility layer for Async Web Services Web Service impl. Invoke Invoke Get Get result result APIs (Sync/Async) Utility layer Timer manger JAX-RPC J2EE Platform Control info manager Main controller Status manger Web Service impl. JAX-RPC J2EE Platform 6

7 Feasibility Study of Async Web Services impl. [Legend] Existing Web Service Enhanced Async API Sync API J2EE Platform Workflow control AXIS Com. layer AXIS Com. layer 7

8 The result of the Feasibility Study (1/4) Benefit #1 Before // 処理要求用の設定 Servcie service = new Service(serviceName); // 処理要求用の設定 Call call = service.createcall(); Servcie service = new Service(serviceName); call.setoperationname(startoperationname); Call call = service.createcall(); call.addparameter("in0", XMLType.XSD_STRING,ParameterMode.IN); call.setoperationname(startoperationname); call.addparameter("in1", XMLType.XSD_LONG,ParameterMode.IN); call.addparameter("in0", XMLType.XSD_STRING,ParameterMode.IN); call.setreturntype(xsd_any); call.addparameter("in1", XMLType.XSD_LONG,ParameterMode.IN); call.settargetendpointaddress(endpointurl); call.setreturntype(xsd_any); call.setmaintainsession(true); call.settargetendpointaddress(endpointurl); call.invoke(new Object[]{"HELLO", new Integer(10));// 処理要求呼び出し call.setmaintainsession(true); call.invoke(new Object[]{"HELLO", new Integer(10));// 処理要求呼び出し // パーサの準備 try{ // パーサの準備 DocumentBuilderFactory d = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); try{ DocumentBuilderFactory factory = new org.apache.xerces.jaxp.documentbuilderfactoryimpl(); DocumentBuilderFactory d = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); boolean isvalidate = true; DocumentBuilderFactory factory = new org.apache.xerces.jaxp.documentbuilderfactoryimpl(); factory.setvalidating(isvalidate); boolean isvalidate = true; factory.setnamespaceaware(true); factory.setvalidating(isvalidate); factory.setattribute(" Boolean(true)); factory.setnamespaceaware(true); builder = factory.newdocumentbuilder(); factory.setattribute(" Boolean(true)); builder.seterrorhandler(new ValidationErrorHandler()); builder = factory.newdocumentbuilder(); catch(parserconfigurationexception e){ builder.seterrorhandler(new ValidationErrorHandler()); throw new InternalException(e); catch(parserconfigurationexception e){ throw new InternalException(e); // ヘッダ要素の抽出開始 MessageContext msgcontext = call.getmessagecontext(); // ヘッダ要素の抽出開始 Message msg = (Message)msgContext.getMessage(); MessageContext msgcontext = call.getmessagecontext(); SOAPEnvelope envelope = msg.getsoapenvelope(); Message msg = (Message)msgContext.getMessage(); SOAPHeaderElement asyncsoapheader = envelope.getheaderbyname(constants.asyncsoap_ns,constants.asyncsoapheader_local); SOAPEnvelope envelope = msg.getsoapenvelope(); MessageElement asyncsoapelement = (MessageElement)asyncSOAPHeader.getChildren().get(0); SOAPHeaderElement asyncsoapheader = envelope.getheaderbyname(constants.asyncsoap_ns,constants.asyncsoapheader_local); Document headerdoc = asyncsoapelement.getasdocument(); MessageElement asyncsoapelement = (MessageElement)asyncSOAPHeader.getChildren().get(0); String headerstring = new XMLUtils().DocumentToString(headerDoc); Document headerdoc = asyncsoapelement.getasdocument(); ByteArrayInputStream headerstream = new ByteArrayInputStream(headerString.getBytes()); String headerstring = new XMLUtils().DocumentToString(headerDoc); builder.parse(headerstream);// パース ByteArrayInputStream headerstream = new ByteArrayInputStream(headerString.getBytes()); headerstream.close(); builder.parse(headerstream);// パース // ステータスを取得 headerstream.close(); Element asyncserverstatuselement = (Element)headerDoc.getElementsByTagNameNS(Constants.ASYNCSOAP_NS, Constants.ASYNCSERVERSTATUS_LOCAL).item(0); // ステータスを取得 Element asyncworkflowelement =(Element)headerDoc.getElementsByTagNameNS(Constants.ASYNCSOAP_NS, Constants.ASYNCWORKFLOW_LOCAL).item(0); Element asyncserverstatuselement = (Element)headerDoc.getElementsByTagNameNS(Constants.ASYNCSOAP_NS, Constants.ASYNCSERVERSTATUS_LOCAL).item(0); String statuscode = asyncserverstatuselement.getelementsbytagname(constants.statuscode_local).item(0).getfirstchild().getnodevalue(); Element asyncworkflowelement =(Element)headerDoc.getElementsByTagNameNS(Constants.ASYNCSOAP_NS, Constants.ASYNCWORKFLOW_LOCAL).item(0); String statusstring = asyncserverstatuselement.getelementsbytagname(constants.statusstring_local).item(0).getfirstchild().getnodevalue(); String statuscode = asyncserverstatuselement.getelementsbytagname(constants.statuscode_local).item(0).getfirstchild().getnodevalue(); Element detail = (Element)asyncServerStatusElement.getElementsByTagName(Constants.DETAIL_LOCAL).item(0); String statusstring = asyncserverstatuselement.getelementsbytagname(constants.statusstring_local).item(0).getfirstchild().getnodevalue(); NodeList asyncstaticparamnodelist = headerdoc.getelementsbytagname(constants.asyncstaticparam_local); Element detail = (Element)asyncServerStatusElement.getElementsByTagName(Constants.DETAIL_LOCAL).item(0); // 静的パラメータを取得 NodeList asyncstaticparamnodelist = headerdoc.getelementsbytagname(constants.asyncstaticparam_local); Element asyncstaticparamelement = (Element)asyncStaticParamNodeList.item(0); // 静的パラメータを取得 Text firstintervaltext = (Text)asyncStaticParamElement.getElementsByTagName(Constants.FIRSTINTERVAL_LOCAL).item(0).getFirstChild(); Element asyncstaticparamelement = (Element)asyncStaticParamNodeList.item(0); long firstinterval = Long.parseLong(firstIntervalText.getNodeValue()); Text firstintervaltext = (Text)asyncStaticParamElement.getElementsByTagName(Constants.FIRSTINTERVAL_LOCAL).item(0).getFirstChild(); Text iterateintervaltext = (Text)asyncStaticParamElement.getElementsByTagName(Constants.ITERATEINTERVAL_LOCAL).item(0).getFirstChild(); long firstinterval = Long.parseLong(firstIntervalText.getNodeValue()); long iterateinterval = Long.parseLong(iterateIntervalText.getNodeValue()); Text iterateintervaltext = (Text)asyncStaticParamElement.getElementsByTagName(Constants.ITERATEINTERVAL_LOCAL).item(0).getFirstChild(); Text timeoutintervaltext = (Text)asyncStaticParamElement.getElementsByTagName(Constants.TIMEOUTINTERVAL_LOCAL).item(0).getFirstChild(); long iterateinterval = Long.parseLong(iterateIntervalText.getNodeValue()); long timeoutinterval = Long.parseLong(timeoutIntervalText.getNodeValue()); Text timeoutintervaltext = (Text)asyncStaticParamElement.getElementsByTagName(Constants.TIMEOUTINTERVAL_LOCAL).item(0).getFirstChild(); Text maxretrycounttext = (Text)asyncStaticParamElement.getElementsByTagName(Constants.MAXRETRYCOUNT_LOCAL).item(0).getFirstChild(); long timeoutinterval = Long.parseLong(timeoutIntervalText.getNodeValue()); int maxretrycount = Integer.parseInt(maxRetryCountText.getNodeValue()); Text maxretrycounttext = (Text)asyncStaticParamElement.getElementsByTagName(Constants.MAXRETRYCOUNT_LOCAL).item(0).getFirstChild(); int maxretrycount = Integer.parseInt(maxRetryCountText.getNodeValue()); // ポーリング用の準備 Call pollingcall = service.createcall(); // ポーリング用の準備 pollingcall.setoperationname(endoperationname); Call pollingcall = service.createcall(); pollingcall.setreturntype(xsd_string); pollingcall.setoperationname(endoperationname); pollingcall.setreturntype(xsd_string); // 第一回目のポーリングまで待機 Thread.sleep(firstInterval * 1000);// 待機 // 第一回目のポーリングまで待機 Thread.sleep(firstInterval * 1000);// 待機 // ポーリングのループ開始 boolean completed = false;// 処理完了フラグ // ポーリングのループ開始 int loop_count = 0; boolean completed = false;// 処理完了フラグ while(completed){// 処理が完了するまでループ int loop_count = 0; Object ret = pollingcall.invoke(new Object[]{"HELLO", new Integer(10));// 結果確認呼び出し while(completed){// 処理が完了するまでループ loop_count++; Object ret = pollingcall.invoke(new Object[]{"HELLO", new Integer(10));// 結果確認呼び出し // ヘッダ要素の抽出開始 loop_count++; MessageContext msgcontext = call.getmessagecontext(); // ヘッダ要素の抽出開始 Message msg = (Message)msgContext.getMessage(); MessageContext msgcontext = call.getmessagecontext(); SOAPEnvelope envelope = msg.getsoapenvelope(); Message msg = (Message)msgContext.getMessage(); SOAPHeaderElement asyncsoapheader = envelope.getheaderbyname(constants.asyncsoap_ns,constants.asyncsoapheader_local); SOAPEnvelope envelope = msg.getsoapenvelope(); MessageElement asyncsoapelement = (MessageElement)asyncSOAPHeader.getChildren().get(0); SOAPHeaderElement asyncsoapheader = envelope.getheaderbyname(constants.asyncsoap_ns,constants.asyncsoapheader_local); Document headerdoc = asyncsoapelement.getasdocument(); MessageElement asyncsoapelement = (MessageElement)asyncSOAPHeader.getChildren().get(0); String headerstring = new XMLUtils().DocumentToString(headerDoc); Document headerdoc = asyncsoapelement.getasdocument(); ByteArrayInputStream headerstream = new ByteArrayInputStream(headerString.getBytes()); String headerstring = new XMLUtils().DocumentToString(headerDoc); builder.parse(headerstream); ByteArrayInputStream headerstream = new ByteArrayInputStream(headerString.getBytes()); headerstream.close(); builder.parse(headerstream); // パラメータの抽出 headerstream.close(); Element asyncserverstatuselement = (Element)headerDoc.getElementsByTagNameNS(Constants.ASYNCSOAP_NS, Constants.ASYNCSERVERSTATUS_LOCAL).item(0); // パラメータの抽出 Element asyncworkflowelement =(Element)headerDoc.getElementsByTagNameNS(Constants.ASYNCSOAP_NS, Constants.ASYNCWORKFLOW_LOCAL).item(0); Element asyncserverstatuselement = (Element)headerDoc.getElementsByTagNameNS(Constants.ASYNCSOAP_NS, Constants.ASYNCSERVERSTATUS_LOCAL).item(0); String statuscode = asyncserverstatuselement.getelementsbytagname(constants.statuscode_local).item(0).getfirstchild().getnodevalue(); Element asyncworkflowelement =(Element)headerDoc.getElementsByTagNameNS(Constants.ASYNCSOAP_NS, Constants.ASYNCWORKFLOW_LOCAL).item(0); String statusstring = asyncserverstatuselement.getelementsbytagname(constants.statusstring_local).item(0).getfirstchild().getnodevalue(); String statuscode = asyncserverstatuselement.getelementsbytagname(constants.statuscode_local).item(0).getfirstchild().getnodevalue(); Element detail = (Element)asyncServerStatusElement.getElementsByTagName(Constants.DETAIL_LOCAL).item(0); String statusstring = asyncserverstatuselement.getelementsbytagname(constants.statusstring_local).item(0).getfirstchild().getnodevalue(); // ステータスの確認 Element detail = (Element)asyncServerStatusElement.getElementsByTagName(Constants.DETAIL_LOCAL).item(0); if(!statuscode.equals("running")){ // ステータスの確認 completed = true; if(!statuscode.equals("running")){ completed = true; // 最大リトライ数のチェック if(loop_count >= maxretrycount){ // 最大リトライ数のチェック throw new Exception(" 最大ポーリング回数を超過しました."); if(loop_count >= maxretrycount){ throw new Exception(" 最大ポーリング回数を超過しました."); Thread.sleep(iterateInterval * 1000); Thread.sleep(iterateInterval * 1000); // 結果の表示 System.out.println("return : " + ret); // 結果の表示 System.out.println("return : " + ret); 75 lines After // ポーリングによる実装例 // ポーリングによる実装例 ServiceFactory factory = ServiceFactory.newInstance(); ServiceFactory factory = ServiceFactory.newInstance(); Service service = ServiceFactory.createService(serviceName); Service service = ServiceFactory.createService(serviceName); Call call = service.createcall(); Call call = service.createcall(); call.setoperationname(new QName(targetNS, operationname)); call.setoperationname(new QName(targetNS, operationname)); call.settargetendpointaddress(endpointurl); call.settargetendpointaddress(endpointurl); call.addparameter("in0", XMLType.XSD_STRING, ParameterMode.IN); call.addparameter("in0", XMLType.XSD_STRING, ParameterMode.IN); call.addparameter("in1", XMLType.XSD_LONG, ParameterMode.IN); call.addparameter("in1", XMLType.XSD_LONG, ParameterMode.IN); call.setreturntype(xmltype.xsd_string); call.setreturntype(xmltype.xsd_string); call.setoperationmodel(operationmodel.async_pull); call.setoperationmodel(operationmodel.async_pull); call.invokeasync(new Object[]{inputData); call.invokeasync(new Object[]{inputData); long pollinginterval = 2000; long pollinginterval = 2000; AsyncStatus status = call.getasyncstatus(); AsyncStatus status = call.getasyncstatus(); while(status.isrunnging()){ while(status.isrunnging()){ Thread.sleep(pollingInterval); Thread.sleep(pollingInterval); status = call.getasyncstatus(); status = call.getasyncstatus(); String ret = (String)call.getAsyncReturnValue(); String ret = (String)call.getAsyncReturnValue(); System.out.println(ret); System.out.println(ret); Just 17 lines Reduces user implementation about 4.5 times. 8

9 The result of the Feasibility Study (2/4) Benefit #2 Web Service impl. Sync Sync One-way One-way Async Async JAX-RPC 1.0, 1.1 Call. Invoke () Call. invokeoneway () { Call. invokeasync ()? JAX-RPC 2.0 Sync/Async Interface An asynchronous invocation will be possible at the usage according to the existing synchronous type API. 9

10 The result of the Feasibility Study (3/4) Benefit #3 Web Service client impl. Web service impl. Async Async API API Callback Callback API API Polling Polling API API Sync/Async Interface Sync Sync WS WS Polling Polling WS WS The access model of API layer and transport layer is separated, completely. 10

11 The result of the Feasibility Study (4/4) Benefit #4 Web Service client impl. Web Service impl. Order request Control info DB A Get result Web Web Service Service <asyncworkflow> <asyncstaticparam> <firstinteval> </firstInterval> <iterateinterval> </iterateInterval> <timeoutinterval> </timeoutInterval> <maxretrycount>50</maxretrycount> </asyncstaticparam> <asyncworkflow> C B Server gets the initiative to control its QoS. 11

12 Conclusion Three levels to support asynchronous Web Services Level1: -side only (Microsoft has already supported it as Delegate.) Level2: Both -side and Server-side except the poll timing control (Some of vendors has tried to support it in their own products by the original way.) Level3: Both -side and Server-side with the poll timing control (This is my proposal.) 12

13 ー The End - Thank you for your attention. 13

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