ProSUM - Prospecting Secondary raw materials in the Urban mine and Mining wastes

Transcription

1 ProSUM - Prospecting Secondary raw materials in the Urban mine and Mining wastes 3rd PROMETIA Scientific Seminar, 14 th December 2016 Perrine Chancerel (TU Berlin), Jaco Huisman, Sarah Downes, Pascal Leroy, Susanne Rotter, Patrick Wäger, Maria Ljunggren Söderman, et al. This project has received funding from the European Union s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No

2 An EU Secondary Raw Materials Inventory An inventory of CRMs to improve the knowledge base o WEEE o Batteries o ELVs o Mining wastes Interoperable Available data New data classification system Updating protocols 2

3 Approach 3

4 ProSUM Consortium 4

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6 Institutions and organisations Information Data bases Collected batteries from non MS Batt Batt in WEEE Industrial batteries Batt in WEEE collected from non EU MS Batt in other waste streams (DE: stiftung ear) (in retail, supermarkets, municipal sites, ) (on behalf of producers 5 WEEE directive) MS split factors for collection (DE: GRS, ERP Deutschland, Öcorecell,...) Batt in WEEE collected from non EU MS Export, recycled in non EU MS (e.g. Batt) Batt mix Batt, sorted (DE: destatis) Import, collected in non EU MS In four steps to the datasets Step 1 Defining the systems Identification and visualization of stock and flows (WP2-4) Common terminology Linkages between WP Information EUROPEAN COMMISSION EU data base (Eurostat) WEEE COMPLIANCE SCHEMES National/Federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 8 Data transfer and reconciliation Batt COMPLIANCE SCHEMES 7 MS data base Take back network for portable Batt 1 4 Batt sorting plants Recycling process step 1 6 Take back network for industrial Batt 1 Recycling process step 2 6 Harmonization of data, formats, COLLECTION TREATMENT RECYCLING USE AND Loss PRM PRODUCTION END-OF-LIFE STOCK SRM MINERAL METAL MINING PROCESSING PRODUCTION Linkages between products 6 Generation of waste batteries Generation of waste batteries Generation of waste batteries Legend 5 1 First treatment Take back network plant for automotive Batt 2 Public waste management authorities (DE: öre) 2 Third parties Separation of hazardous components Further (mechanical) treatment Final receiver 3 MSW incineration Mechanical / biological / physical treatment 6 Recycling process step n Metal recycling Recycling of other materials Landfill/ incineration Loss due to non-funtional recycling Information flow Mass flow # Report Import mass flow into the system boundary Secondary Export mass flow, Loss into the environment raw materials Processes leaving the system boundary and Database Code END-OF-LIFE COLLECTION TREATMENT RECYCLING actors

7 In four steps to the datasets Step 2 Identification of data sources rt Report from Report to Obligatory by Information content Submission interval Batt collection scheme Batt compliance scheme Directive 2006/66/EC Quantities per battery chemistry 1-year WEEE collection scheme WEEE compliance scheme Directive 2012/19/EC Quantities WEEE collected per category Undefined EPA - Mass fraction of Batt in other waste streams (studies) Batt plant sorting WEEE (first) treatment plant Batt recycling process Batt compliance scheme Batt compliance scheme WEEE compliance scheme EPA EPA Directive 2006/66/EC Directive 2012/19/EC Directive 2006/66/EC Directive 2006/66/EC EPA EC Directive 2006/66/EC Sorting efficiency, composition of battery waste stream (level of detail undefined) Quantities of WEEE per category according Directive Recycling efficiency; treatment design; mass per year; share battery chemistries; recovery rate on elemental base Quantities, collected and send for recycling; collection rate Quantities, collected and send for recycling, collection rate 7 Description of information types Identification and description: Pan-European data sources (e.g. Eurostat, ProMine, ) Multinational data sources (e.g. Fennoscandian Ore Deposit Database, IMDS,..) National data sources (e.g. NSI, NGS, ) Other data sources 1-year n/a n/a 1-year 1-year 1-year 1-year

8 Structuring 0 a) WEEE generated 3 a) Total amount of WEEE downstream waste into recycling - Input (e.g. mass per year) 3 g) Location of individual plants? (e.g. city name, GPS, region, ) 3 h) Technology used? (e.g.pyrometallurgical/smelter, hydro-,...) 3 i) Capacity? (theoretical throughput per year) In four steps to the datasets Step 3 Data collection Identification and collection of (unstructured) data sources in common EndNote bibliography with use of ProSUM meta data descriptors Inventory tables representing the availability of information Data inventories for all waste groups and all EU28+2 countries Data sources identified Expert groups Data sources organised (EndNote) Questionnaires to ProSUM members and IN members 1) COLLECTION Officially reported collection 1 a) Total amount of WEEE collected 1 b) WEEE collected per category (e.g. portable batteries, ; chemistry, ) 1 c) Mass fraction of WEEE per category (e.g. 60 % portable batteries; or 12 % Li-Ion, 20 % AlMn, ) 1 d) Material/Chemical composition of WEEE (elemental mass fraction, material declaration, ) Complementary and non-compliant processing 1 e) Total amount of WEEE collected in complementary flow 1 f) WEEE collected in complementary flow per category (e.g. portable batteries, ; chemistry, ) 1 g) Mass fraction of WEEE in complementary flow per category (i.e. mass fraction of 1 f) 2) TREATMENT (sorting, pre-processing, ) Mass and specification of waste 2 a) Total amount of WEEE into treatment - Input (e.g. mass per year) 2 b) Mass fraction of WEEE into treatment per category - Input 2 c) Total amount of WEEE into treatment - out of EU 2 d) Mass fraction of WEEE into treatment per category - out of EU 2 e) Amount of WEEE downstream waste from treatment - Output (e.g. mass per year) 2 f) Composition of WEEE downstream waste from treatment - Output (i.e. downstream waste flow composition, e.g. CRM content, ) 2 g) Destination of WEEE downstream waste from treatment - Output (next treatment or recycling process) Facility information 2 h) Number of facilities? 2 i) Location of individual facilities? (e.g. city name, GPS, region, ) 2 j) Technology used? (e.g. shredder, eddy-current separator,..) 2 k) Capacity? (theoretical throughput per year) 3) RECYCLING (i.e. material recycling) Mass and specification of waste Data inventories Gen. 1) COLLECTION 2) TREATMENT (sorting, pre-processing, ) 3) RECYCLING (i.e. material recycling) Officially reported collection Complementary and specification of waste Facility information specification of waste Facility information Mass Mass and 1 e) 1 f) 1 2 a) 2 b) 2 c) 2 d) 2 f) 2 g) 2 h) 3 a) 3 b) 3 c) 3 d) 3 f) 3 g) 3 h) 0 a) 1 a) 1 b) 1 c) 1 d) g) e) 2 2 i) e) 3 3 i) AUT Austria X X 1) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X BEL Belgium X X 1)2) X 2) X 2) X X X X X 2) X 2) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X BGR Bulgaria X X 1)3) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X CYP Cyprus X X 1) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X CZE Czech Republic X X 1)2) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X DEU Germany X X 1)2) X 2) X 2) X X X X X 2) X 2) X X X X X X X X 2) X 2) X 2) X 2) X 2) X X X X DNK Denmark X X 1)2) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ESP Spain X X 1)2) X X? X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X EST Estonia X X 1) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X FIN Finland X X 1)2) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X FRA France X X 1)3) X 3) X 3) X X X X X 3) X 3) X X X X 3) X 3) X 3) X X 3) X 3) X 3) X 3) X 3) X 3) X 3) X 3) X GBR United Kingdom X X 1) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X GRC Greece X X 1) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X HRV Croatia X X 1) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X HUN Hungary X X 1) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X IRL Ireland X X 1)2) X X? X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ITA Italy X X 1)2) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X LTU Lithuania X X 1) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X LUX Luxembourg X X 1)2) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X LVA Latvia X X 1) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X MLT Malta X X 1) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X NLD Netherlands X X 1)2) X 2) X 2) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X POL Poland X X 1) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X PRT Portugal X X 1) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ROU Romania X X 1) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X SVK Slovakia X X 1) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X SVN Slovenia X X 1) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X SWE Sweden X X 1) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 3 b) Mass fraction of WEEE (downstream) waste into recycling per category- Input (e.g. material, PCB, Li-ion batteries, ) 3 c) Amount recycled - Output (e.g. tonnes of plastics/metal etc.) 3 d) Specification of recycled material - Output On material basis (e.g steel making, Aluminum remelting, plastics regranulation) 3 e) Destination of recycled material from recycling - Output Facility information 3 f) Number of plants? CHE Switzerland X X? X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X NOR Norway X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 8

9 In four steps to the datasets Step 4 Data consolidation Harmonised descriptions of data quality, uncertainty and the handling of metadata Handling with data redundancy and data gaps Data set per product key Time resolution Country resolution 9

10 Case Battery TUB, Recharge, Eucobat 10

11 mass fraction (median) mass fraction (median) Battery, composition elements in products (e-p) Elements in Lithium batteries Lithium batteries LiSO2 LiSOCl2 LiMnO2 LiCFx LiCoO2 LiNMC LiFePO4 LiMn Al C* Cd Ce Co Cr Cu F Fe La Li Mn Nd Ni P Pb Pr S Sb Zn C* = graphite Carbon Elements in Zn, NiMH, NiCd, Pb batteries Zn-, NiMH-, NiCd-, Pb-batteries NiMH - sealed NiMH - vented NiCd - sealed NiCd - vented Pb - sealed Pb - vented Zn batteries NiMH batteries NiCd batteries Pb battereies Al C* Cd Ce Co Cr Cu F Fe La Li Mn Nd Ni P Pb Pr S Sb Zn 11

12 Battery, flow put on market Example BATT POM for 0303, EU28 (p-f) Data source: Avicenne, extracted by RECHARGE 12

13 Battery, stocks Example: BATT Stock 0303, Country X (p-f) Data sources for the modelling: POM: Avicenne, extracted by RECHARGE; residence times: Bebat 13

14 Battery, waste flow Portable BATT Waste collected in EEA+Switerland (p-f) Cobalt in BATT Waste 0303, EU-28 (e-f) Data sources: EPBA, Eucobat Data sources for the modelling: POM: Avicenne, extracted by RECHARGE; residence times: Bebat; Cobalt content in BATT: Sommer et al.,

15 ProSUM I am useful After finishing the prospecting work, time is needed to digest many of the results: The definition and harmonisation work will need to be formalised in the future A more structured view can be gained e.g. on the potential for improved recovery of CRMs (and on where this is not!) Improved understanding of leakages in the system and possible interventions Need to ensure as a minimum that this knowledge base is kept up to date Activate the links to other platforms 15

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17 The Information Network Join the Information Network if you want to be kept up to date Join the sampling and analysis SIG Provide feedback on the Harmonisation Paper Meetings next year Testing of the EU-UMKDP with end-users in 2017 Final conference protocols, data and intelligence, recommendations and the future of the EU-UMKDP and Information Network Publication of articles and reports Conferences and meetings Updates in the newsletter, website, twitter and LinkedIn 17

18 Thank you! 18