COURSE OVERVIEW. Introduction to Computer Engineering 2015 Spring by Euiseong Seo

Transcription

1 COURSE OVERVIEW Introduction to Computer Engineering 2015 Spring by Euiseong Seo

2 Course Objectives Introduction to computer engineering For computer engineer-wannabe For students studying other fields We will learn about diverse areas in CSE Operating systems Computer architecture Artificial intelligence Etc.

3 Why You Take This Course An eye-opener to CSE major You will get prepared for the forthcoming study Or you can change your major Helpful to plan your future career You can decide your future expertise based on knowledge provided in this class Beneficial for daily life Computer technologies are pervasive This is like understanding basic mechanics for car and house maintenance

4 Example: KaKaoTalk Chapter 1: The Big Picture Chapter 2: Binary Values and Number Systems Chapter 3: Date Representation Chapter 4. Gates and Circuits Chapter 5. Computing Components Chapter 6. Low-Level Programming Languages and Pseudocode Chapter 7. Problem Solving and Algorithms Chapter 8. Abstract Data Types and Subproblems Chapter 9. Object-Oriented Design and High-Level Programming languages Chapter 10. Operating Systems Chapter 11. File Systems and Directories Chapter 12. Information Systems Chapter 13. Artificial Intelligence Chapter 14. Simulation, Graphics, Gaming, and Other Applications Chapter 15. Networks Chapter 16. The World Wide Web Chapter 17. Computer Security Chapter 18. Limitations and Computing

5 Administrative Information Course Code ICE2010 Class Hour Friday 12:00 PM ~ 13:50 PM Lecture Room #22003 (located on B1F in Engineering Bldg. I)

6 Instructor Euiseong Seo Associate professor, Software and Computer Eng. Dept. euiseong (at) skku.edu Office: #85564 Phone: (031)

7 Textbook Computer Science Illuminated 5th Edition Written by Nell Dale and John Lewis Published by Jones & Bartlett Learning 2012

8 Course Components Class participation 20% of total credit No lateness is allowed Up to four absences will be tolerated Exams Mid and final 80% of total credit

9 Course Web Page Class material and other useful resources will be posted

10 THE BIG PICTURE Introduction to Computer Engineering 2015 Spring by Euiseong Seo

11 Contents Computing systems Abstraction Computer hardware history Computer software history Topics of computing discipline Interdisciplinary research

12 Computing Systems Examples Desktop Notebook Tablet PC Smartphone Cloud server Others

13 Computing Systems Hardware Physical elements of a computing system Printer, circuit boards, wires, keyboard Software Programs that provide the instructions for a computer to execute

14 Layers of Computing Systems

15 Abstraction A mental model that removes complex details A key concept for computer science and engineering

16 Internal View

17 Abstract View

18 Layers of Computing Systems

19 Ancestors of Computers Antikythera Mechanism, circa BC 205 Chinese Abacus Soviet Water Integrator, 1920s

20 Key Persons and Their Machines Blaise Pascal ( ) and Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz ( ) A mechanical calculator Charles Babbage ( ) Analytical engine Concept of memory for intermediate values Ada Augusta, Countess of Lovelace ( ) Extended Analytical engine First programmer - concept of loop Alan Turing ( ) Turing machine - determines what a computer can do Turing test John Von Neumann ( ) Von Neumann architecture

21 Computer Hardware History ENIAC (1946) IBM-704 Mainframe (1964) Apple-1 PC (1975) Smart Devices Sensors Apple Mac PC

22 First Generation Hardware ( ) Vacuum Tubes Large, not very reliable, generated a lot of heat Magnetic Drum Memory device that rotated under a read/write head Card Readers à Magnetic Tape Drives Sequential auxiliary storage devices 8

23 Second Generation Hardware ( ) Transistor Replaced vacuum tube, fast, small, durable, cheap Magnetic Cores Replaced magnetic drums, information available instantly Magnetic Disks Replaced magnetic tape, data can be accessed directly 9

24 Third Generation Hardware ( ) Integrated Circuits Replaced circuit boards, smaller, cheaper, faster, more reliable Transistors Now used for memory construction Terminal An input/output device with a keyboard and screen 10

25 Fourth Generation Hardware (1971-?) Large-scale Integration Great advances in chip technology PCs, the Commercial Market, Workstations Personal Computers and Workstations emerge New companies emerge: Apple, Sun, Dell Laptops, Tablet Computers, and Smart Phones Everyone has his/her own portable computer 11

26 Parallel Computing and Networking Parallel Computing Computers rely on interconnected central processing and/or memory units that increase processing speed Networking Ethernet connects small computers to share resources File servers connect PCs in the late 1980s ARPANET and LANs à Internet 12

27 First Generation Software ( ) Machine language Computer programs written in binary (1s and 0s) Assembly languages and translators Programs written using mnemonics, which were translated into machine language Programmer changes Programmers divide into two groups: application programmers and systems programmers 13

28 Assembly/Machine Systems programmers write the assembler (translator) Applications programmers use assembly language to solve problems

29 Second Generation Software ( ) High-level languages English-like statements made programming easier: Fortran, COBOL, Lisp Systems programmers write translators for high-level languages Application programmers use high-level languages to solve problems 14

30 Third Generation Software ( ) Systems software Utility programs Language translators Operating system, which decides which programs to run and when Separation between users and hardware Computer programmers write programs to be used by general public (i.e., nonprogrammers) 15

31 Third Generation Software ( ) 16

32 Fourth Generation Software ( ) Structured programming Pascal C++ New application software for users Spreadsheets Word processors Database management systems 17

33 Fifth Generation Software (1990- present) Microsoft Windows operating system and other Microsoft application programs dominate the market Object-oriented design Based on a hierarchy of data objects (i.e. Java) World Wide Web Allows easy global communication through the Internet New users Today s user needs no computer knowledge 18

34 Computing as a Tool Programmer / User Systems Programmer (builds tools) Applications Programmer (uses tools) Domain-Specific Programs User with No Computer Background

35 Computing as a Discipline What can be (efficiently) automated? Four necessary skills Algorithmic Thin king Representation Programming Design 21

36 Computing as a Discipline What do you think? Is Computer Science a mathematical, scientific, or engineering discipline? 22

37 Examples of Systems Areas Algorithms and Data Structures Programming Languages Architecture Operating Systems Software Engineering Human-Computer Communication 23

38 Examples of Application Areas Numerical and Symbolic Computation Databases and Information Retrieval Intelligent Systems Graphics and Visual Computing Net-Centric Computing Computational Science 24

39 Next class Chapter 2. Binary Values and number Systems Chapter 3. Data Representation Read Preface, Chapter 1, 2 and 3 before the next class.

40 Any question?

41 Picture sources of today s slides Jones & Barlett Learning s slides Prof. Jinkyu Lee s slides File:W65C816S_Machine_Code_Monitor.jpeg File:Motorola_6800_Assembly_Language.png x400/57-2.jpg_ jpg