Introduction. Chapter 1: Mobile Communications SS A case for mobility History of mobile communication Market Areas of research

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1 Mobile Communications SS 2002 Chapter 1: Introduction A case for mobility History of mobile communication Market Areas of research Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jochen Schiller, MC SS02 1.1

2 A case for mobility! - Computers for the next 8 years? Computers are integrated mobile terminals small, cheap, portable, replaceable - no more separate devices Technology is in the background computers are aware of their environment and adapt ( location awareness ) computers recognize the location of the user and react appropriately Advances in technology Much more computing power in smaller devices (Moores Law) flat, lightweight displays with low power consumption new user interfaces due to small dimensions; voice, eye movements, etc. more bandwidth per cubic meter (Broadband; 1-10 Gbps) multiple wireless interfaces (multiple radios): 4G, 5G, wireless LANs, PANradios, (Bluetooth 5.0), UWB, NFC, ZigBee, regional wireless telecommunication networks etc. Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jochen Schiller, MC SS02 1.2

3 A case for mobility! - Mobile communication Two aspects of mobility: user mobility: users communicate (wireless) anytime, anywhere, with anyone device portability: devices can be connected anytime, anywhere to a network or several networks at the same time. Wireless vs. mobile Examples stationary computer WiFi Hotsports 3G and 4G terminals DECT phones (or wireless terminals) at home The demand for mobile communication creates the need for integration of wireless networks into existing fixed networks: local area networks: standardization of IEEE , ETSI (HIPERLAN) Internet: Mobile IP extension of the Internet protocol IP Wide area networks: e.g., internetworking of 3G/4G and Fixed Internet Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jochen Schiller, MC SS02 1.3

4 Typical application: road traffic 3G/4G, WLAN, DAB, GSM, Satellite, cdma2000, TETRA,... In the car: Personal Travel Assistant, DAB, PDA, Laptop, GSM, 3G/4G, WLAN, Bluetooth,... Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jochen Schiller, MC SS02 1.4

5 Always best connected In the garden: WLAN, 300 Mbit/s 3G/4G 100 Mbit/s Bluetooth 10 Mbit/s 3G/4G 10 Mbits/s FiberLAN 100Gbits/s Handover Home WiMAX 20 Mbit/s 3G/4G Mbit/s, WLAN 300 Mbit/s VDSL 100 Mbit/s FTTH 1Gbit/s WiFi 200 Mbit/s, WiMAX 20 Mbit/s 3G/4G Mbit/s, WiFi 200 Mbit/s

6 Location dependent services Location aware services what services, e.g., printer, fax, phone, server etc. exist in the local environment? Follow-on services automatic call-forwarding, transmission of the actual workspace to the current location Information services Privacy push : e.g., current special offers in the supermarket pull : e.g., where is the Black Forrest Cherry Cake? who should gain knowledge about the location Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jochen Schiller, MC SS02 1.6

7 Wireless networks in comparison to fixed networks Higher loss-rates due to interference Restrictive regulations of frequencies Lower transmission rates Higher delays, higher jitter Lower security Always shared medium Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jochen Schiller, MC SS02 1.7

8 Mobile Communications SS 2002 Chapter 1: Introduction A case for mobility History of mobile communication Market Areas of research Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jochen Schiller, MC SS02 1.8

9 History of wireless communication I 1895 Guglielmo Marconi first demonstration of wireless telegraphy (digital!) long wave transmission, high transmission power necessary (> 200kW) 1907 Commercial transatlantic connections huge base stations (thirty 100m high antennas) 1915 Wireless voice transmission New York - San Francisco Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jochen Schiller, MC SS02 1.9

10 History of wireless communication II 1979 NMT at 450MHz (Scandinavian countries) 1992 Start of GSM 1997 Wireless LAN - IEEE Start of 3G systems Cdma2000 in Korea, UMTS in Europe and Foma (almost UMTS) in Japan Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jochen Schiller, MC SS

11 GSM Evolution

12 CDMA Roadmap

13 Three 3G-standards 1 2 3

14 Mobile Communications SS 2002 Chapter 1: Introduction A case for mobility History of mobile communication Market Areas of research Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jochen Schiller, MC SS

15 Telephony and Internet Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jochen Schiller, MC SS

16 Today more than 5 billion subscribers world wide! GSM + UMTS more than 4 billion subscribers world wide!

17 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jochen Schiller, MC SS

18 Subscribers (M n) Penetra tion (%) Estimation of China Mobile Market Subscribers Growth (made in 2003) 1,000 60% % % 40% % % % % Subscribers (M illion) Penetra tion In 2010 there were 833,100,000 mobile subscribers in China!

19 South Korea

20 Mobile Communications SS 2002 Chapter 1: Introduction A case for mobility History of mobile communication Market Areas of research Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jochen Schiller, MC SS

21 Areas of Research Increase the number of bits per Hertz Increase coverage in a cost efficient way Focus on Plug and Play The Home Network User Interfaces Much higher frequences Beyond IP New network concepts like, Mesh Networking and Sensor Networks Focus on user oriented services, like Apple Store, Youtube, Skype,

22 Simple reference model used here Application Application Transport Transport Network Network Network Network Data Link Data Link Data Link Data Link Physical Physical Physical Physical Radio Medium Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jochen Schiller, MC SS

23 Influence of mobile communication to the layer model Application layer Transport layer Network layer Data link layer Physical layer service location new applications, multimedia adaptive applications congestion and flow control quality of service addressing, routing, device location hand-over authentication media access multiplexing media access control encryption modulation interference attenuation frequency Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jochen Schiller, MC SS

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