ESTABLISHMENT OF SMART METER READING SCHEME FOR MONITORING THE POWER IN RESIDENCE USING BLUETOOTH

Transcription

1 International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology (IJEET) Volume 9, Issue 1, Jan-Feb 2018, pp , Article ID: IJEET_09_01_007 Available online at ISSN Print: and ISSN Online: Journal Impact Factor (2016): (Calculated by GISI) IAEME Publication ESTABLISHMENT OF SMART METER READING SCHEME FOR MONITORING THE POWER IN RESIDENCE USING BLUETOOTH D. Sobya Research Scholar, Department of Adult and Continuing Education and Extension, Jadavpur University, Kolkata , India S. Nallusamy Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dr. M G R Educational and Research Institute, Chennai , Tamilnadu, India Partha Sarathi Chakraborty Associate Professor, Department of Adult and Continuing Education and Extension, Jadavpur University, Kolkata , India ABSTRACT In the existing scenario, method of energy meter billing system is outdated, inefficient and time consuming one. Hence an attempt was made on this research with innovative updated energy metering technique yet to be implemented. Smart meter is an enhanced energy meter which measure the consumption of electrical energy as well as providing additional information compared to regular energy meter. The demand for efficiency and reliability of smart meter is more than ever in now days. The major problems in power quality annoyance are harmonic currents and voltage. The present system in India is no longer in use and time consuming and it has many drawbacks. The objective of this work is to present an innovative system which is established to monitor the power supply and consumption. The entire system is designed with the help of wireless bluetooth using MSP430F5529 microcontroller. Key words: Smart Meter, Bluetooth, Mobile, LCD Display, MSP430F5529. Cite this Article: D. Sobya, S. Nallusamy and Partha Sarathi Chakraborty, Establishment of Smart Meter Reading Scheme For Monitoring The Power In Residence Using Bluetooth. International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology, 9(1), 2018, pp editor@iaeme.com

2 Establishment of Smart Meter Reading Scheme For Monitoring The Power In Residence Using Bluetooth 1. INTRODUCTION Wireless networks are the well-known advanced technique which replaces the cables and power lines that connect every household in a particular region which can also be used for creating emergency response networks [1-4]. This research article deals about the modern technologies and implements them into more practical with the execution of wireless networks in the field of electricity billing. This work eliminates the manpower for taking meter reading and this set of employers can be used for some other work. Smart meter reading (SMR) is the technique that automatically collects the energy consumption, diagnostic, and status data from energy metering devices and transfer the collected data to a central data hub for billing, troubleshoot and to analyze the data [5-9]. This technology will help the service providers to reduce the manpower for the periodic trips to each physical location to read a meter. Another added advantage is that billing can be done based on near real time consumption rather than on estimates based on past or predicted consumption. This appropriate information tied with analysis which can help both service providers and customer better control the use and production of electric energy consumption [10-14]. The SMR system is also able to provide a set of different services, which are useful for the service providers and their operation like planning and maintenance, load management, outage and fault reporting, customer services, power quality monitoring, network management, theft detection, billing, balance settling, energy settling, assets management, energy usage information and interruption reporting [15-17]. The design of a simple low cost wireless ZigBee energy meter and its associated user interface for automatic billing and managing the collected data globally. This can monitor the meter readings regularly without the person visiting each house. They used graphical user interface is developed using Lab VIEW software which is used here is crashes sometimes and there is no break point like C- programming. The manual meter reading has many disadvantages with high operational costs, since a service person has to go to the location and read out all the values of the meters. The occupier should be also present and to allow the service person to read out the meter values, which is non-convenient [18-20]. The manual reading leads to errors, since the service person is always under stress and has to read out the values in a short time. 2. PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION Electric meters are typically calibrated in billing units, the most common one being the kilowatt hour. Periodic readings of electric meters establish billing cycles and energy used during a cycle. The present system suffers from the demerits like meter reader has to visit the place every month, the reading is to be fed into the computer, the bill generated is to be sent, the consumer pays the amount at the electricity board office, the consumer will have to stand in long queue for making payment and delay in initiating action for non-payment. This method can rectify the drawbacks such as manpower requirement for billing and errors during calculation and which can provide additional necessary information such as tariff variation and due date for the payment of meter reading etc to the consumer through the wireless medium. The technology can be implemented by bluetooth enabled transceiver interfaced with the electricity billing section server as well as in the consumer side. 3. EXISTING AND PROPOSED SYSTEM A Zigbee based automatic meter reading (AMR) is an existing one for automatic energy consumption, data collection and energy auditing and management. This system operates with multiple channels and frequency hopping with potential interferers. In this method if any tariff variation occurs, the new tariff rate will be changed only through recoding the VHSIC hardware description language (VHDL) program in field programmable gate array (FPGA) 68 editor@iaeme.com

3 D. Sobya, S. Nallusamy and Partha Sarathi Chakraborty and its implementation using Lab VIEW software, otherwise the previous tariff rate will be displayed on the liquid crystal display (LCD) display. This will cause major problems in billing section. Moreover, there is no intimation has given to the consumer by the service provider about the status of energy consumption. Also there are no details about the previous month s consumption and the amount of bill paid. In our proposed system we are going to rectify these kinds of problems with the help of bluetooth using MSP430 microcontroller. In order to rectify the drawbacks in the existing system, we are proposing a new technique called SMR through wireless bluetooth with MSP430 Microcontroller which is having advantages such as no need of manpower, errorless tariff calculation. Also tripping could be done from the power hub itself in case of not payment of the bill by the consumers and intimation about tariff variation sent to the consumer through short messages, and automatic call as well as reminder with amount to be paid and due date for payment. This system is designed with two modules such as consumer module and service provider module. The proposed model for this research is shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 Proposed Model 3.1. Consumer Module The consumer side is equipped with smart meter, MSP430F5529 controller, LCD display and indication unit. The opto-coupler is a component that transfers electrical signals between two isolated circuits by using light. Relay is an electromagnetic switch operated by a small electric current that can turn ON or OFF the large electric circuit. Driver circuit is a component which is used to control LCD circuit. MSP430F5529 is a mixed signal microcontroller with flash memory designed for low cost and low power consumption embedded applications and it minimize the average current consumption. Level converter is a small device which is used to step down the voltage level to 3.3V. Bluetooth is a wireless technology that uses low energy radio waves to send wireless data between Bluetooth enabled device. The controller continuously monitors the smart meter reading and calculates the amount of energy consumption till last usage. These details can be viewed in the LCD display and also it will be sent to the service provider office server during each month through the Bluetooth transmitter. The indication unit is provided the intimation to the consumer as short message as well as a automatic voice call in case of exceeding the normal usage, delaying the payment and in case of any tariff variation by the service provider editor@iaeme.com

4 Establishment of Smart Meter Reading Scheme For Monitoring The Power In Residence Using Bluetooth The proposed consumer module is shown in Figure 2. The consumer module is designed to work as follows. The indicator unit which is having an LED light which shows the consumption of energy, and the opto coupler shows the energy consumption as pulses as energy and is being used and transfers to the MSP430F5529 microcontroller. The counter is used to count the number of times that the LED blinks and sends the data to the MSP430F5529 microcontroller. The controller is to program that it calculates the amount of consumed energy based on the number of units consumed. The details which are displayed in consumer module are also displayed on the LCD panel attached to the service provider module too. A button which is present in the LCD display with electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) can provide the details of previous month s payment as well as the energy consumption of the current month to the consumer. The indicator lamp attached nearer to the LCD display will indicate the overset limit range of energy consumption. A relay is attached to each and every service provider module which plays an important role of tripping the connection, if the bill is not paid at correct time. Thus the relay acts as a switching device. The Bluetooth transceiver, which is a wireless communication module, transmits the details of the consumed energy calculated by the microcontroller to the service provider once in a month. Like this the proposed methodology reduces the man power effort to a great extend. Service Provider can give information about the tariff variation to the consumer, as short message and automated voice call notification on LCD display with lamp indication. Figure 2 Consumer Module 3.2. Service Provider Module The service provider module consists of a database for storing values which are received from the consumer module via bluetooth is shown in Figure 3. After the values are got from the consumer units the cost is calculated according to the price list and the values are sent back to the consumer unit and they are displayed in the LCD display for the consumer. Also the cost and amount of units are sent as a short message and a recorded voice also send to the customer s mobile phone. The data s are transmitted and received with the help of bluetooth using MSP430 controller. There is an encoder and decoder both at the service provider office and also at the individual consumer units which secure transmission and reception in the system editor@iaeme.com

5 D. Sobya, S. Nallusamy and Partha Sarathi Chakraborty Figure 3 Service Provider Module The service provider office side module is designed to work as follows. The receiver module is interfaced with a system which is monitored by the officials in the service provider. According to the data received from the bluetooth transmitter module it sends the message to the customer meter to control the unit through wireless. The bluetooth transceiver which is present in the service provider office module receives the data and displays the data in the terminal window of the system interfaced with it. The same information is send back t the customer through LCD. The consumer module will be reset by the service provider office officials when they pay the bill. Once the command has given by the service provider board then only the board will supply the power to the particular customer. Else the supply will be disconnected until and unless the payment will be done within the given period of time Wireless Smart Metering Module Choosing a proper wireless smart metering module is the major task in this work. Recent automatic meter reading system are based on radio frequency(rf), power line carrier communication (PLCC), general packet radio service (GPRS), hybrid fiber-coaxial (HFC) etc is used to transfer data between consumer module and service provider module. Above mentioned communication methods have merits and demerits like short transmission distance, high transmission cost, maintenance difficulty and unsafe data transmission. To overcome these we go for wireless smart metering module for data transmission at both the ends. There are two sections of wireless smart metering system is smart metering module at the consumer side and the monitoring module is at the service provider side. The consumer side module consists of a MSP430F5529 core and a bluetooth module. The MSP430F5529 microcontroller collects data from all electrical appliances with the help of appropriate current and voltage sensors. Then it uses the bluetooth module to send the collected data to the service provider module. Bluetooth module uses chip antenna to radiate high frequency electromagnetic waves as to transmit or receive data. On the other hand we are using RS-232 serial communication interface to communicate between the Bluetooth module and the computer. This can also be done with the help of universal serial bus (USB) port to USB converter. If we compare the existing AMR meter reading with this smart meter reading this one is more effectively saves man power and can help the service provider by getting real-time consumption of every user. The communication data rate is set is 3Mbps and the frequency band is 2.4GZ with wireless communication 3.4. Construction and Operational Description The bluetooth device in service provider module is responsible for getting the consumed energy data from wireless smart meters and sending the request command from control centre to wireless smart meter. Communication is performed between bluetooth module and control centre by RS232 serial communication cable. Also the collected energy data can be sent to the 71 editor@iaeme.com

6 Establishment of Smart Meter Reading Scheme For Monitoring The Power In Residence Using Bluetooth service providers via internet by a network gateway in monitoring module. Bluetooth based micro-controller hardware unit is developed with the help of wireless communication. The energy data is collected with the bluetooth module and then it is transferred to central computer using global system for mobile communication (GSM) communication module. Figure 4 Transmitter Side Functions The software is developed in Visual basic 6.0 to display the proposed billing procedure. LCD displays the consumed energy. The microcontroller MSP430F5529 series is an ultralow-power mixed signal microcontrollers with built-in 4x16-bit timers with pulse width modulation (PWM) capability up to 40 I/O pins,12 channel comparator and built in communication capability using the universal serial communication interface. t also has a 12- bit analog-to-digital (A/D) converter. The various functions on transmitter side are shown in Figure 4 and functions on receiver side in Figure 5. Figure 5 Receiver Side Functions 72 editor@iaeme.com

7 D. Sobya, S. Nallusamy and Partha Sarathi Chakraborty 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The following Figure 6 shows the hardware description of the proposed system. In this there is a smart meter which is connected to the micro controller with a bulb which shows the power supply. Whenever the electrical equipments are under use at the consumer side the LED will indicate the consumption which is available in the indicator unit. According to that the counter counts and display in LCD at consumer side and the micro controller send the data to the service provider. At the receiver side the service provider calculate the total number of units consumed by the consumer and subsequently will send the tariff rate to the consumer through SMS as well as automatic call. Similarly, bluetooth based hardware module testing is shown in Figure 7. Figure 6 Hardware Microcontroller based Circuit Figure 7 Testing with Bluetooth based Hardware Module Previously the AMR is done with the help of Zigbee protocol using the data rate of 240 kbps, where as some of the data are degraded at transceiver. To overcome this issue our proposed SMR system with bluetooth module at both the ends were developed. In this proposed system data transmission rate is 3 Mbps and hence there is no degraded data at transceiver. The display with all details on consumer end will be send through mail as well as message. The display on consumer side with all details like ID, bill month, year, total bill 73 editor@iaeme.com

8 Establishment of Smart Meter Reading Scheme For Monitoring The Power In Residence Using Bluetooth amount and payment gateway details are shown in Figure 8. Similarly, the short message service (SMS) to the consumer side is shown in Figure 9 with ID, bill month, total units etc. Figure 8 Details on End User Side Figure 9 SMS to End User 5. CONCLUSION Smart meter reading unit based on bluetooth was developed to monitor the meter reading continuously at the consumer end. By using this system service provider can disconnect the power supply automatically if the consumer is not paid the bill on time mentioned by the service provider. Moreover and frequent messages will be sending to the consumer as an alert regarding their usage and consumption. This research work eliminates the man power for taking meter reading and provides the efficient meter reading without any billing error as well as it can reduce the maintenance cost also. When compare the proposed SMR system to the existing AMR system our innovative system is more effective by saving the man power and also helps the service provider by getting real-time consumption of every end user. REFERENCES [1]. Santhosh Raikar et al, Prepaid power billing using adaptive meter, International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, 3(6), 2014, [2]. Kwang-il Hwang, Fault-tolerant ZigBee-based automatic meter reading infrastructure, Journal of Information Processing Systems, 5(4), 2009, [3]. S K. Muruganandham, S. Nallusamy, D K Mandal, P.S. Chakraborty, Evaluation and optimization of the traffic in GSM network- An extensive study, International Journal on Recent Researches in Science Engineering and Technology, 5(11), 2017, editor@iaeme.com

9 D. Sobya, S. Nallusamy and Partha Sarathi Chakraborty [4]. Keerthi and Raju N, Automated utility meter reading using wireless system bluetooth with MSP430 microcontroller, International Journal of Emerging Engineering Research and Technology, 3(11), 2015, [5]. D. Sobya, Partha Sarathi Chakraborty and Dulal Krishna Mandal, Design and development of IoT based residential automation security system with bluetooth technology, International Journal of Application or Innovation in Engineering and Management, 6(6), 2017, [6]. Budzisz et al., Dynamic resource provisioning for energy efficiency in wireless access networks: A survey and an outlook, IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials, 16(4), 2014, [7]. S K. Muruganandham, D. Sobya, S. Nallusamy, D K Mandal and P.S. Chakraborty, Lifetime expansion of wireless sensor networking system using modern routing algorithm, International Journal of Emerging Trends and Technology in Computer Science, 6(4), 2017, [8]. Pantazis, Nikolidakis and Vergados, Energy-efficient routing protocols in wireless sensor networks: A survey, IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials, 15(2), 2013, [9]. D. Sobya, S. Nallusamy, P S Chakraborty and Muruganandham, Design of multi functional electronic energy meter enabled with zigbee protocol intended for industrial applications, International Journal of Current Advanced Research, 6(10), 2017, [10]. Ma, Hempel, Peng and Sharif, A survey of energy-efficient compression and communication techniques for multimedia in resource constrained systems, IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials, 15(3), 2013, [11]. S. Nallusamy, D. Sri Lakshmana Kumar, K.Balakannan and Chakraborty, MCDM tools application for selection of suppliers in manufacturing industries using AHP, Fuzzy Logic and ANN, International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa, 19, 2015, [12]. Amit Jain and Mohnish Bagree, "A prepaid meter using mobile communication," International Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology, 3(3), 2011, [13]. D. Sobya, Data compression analysis of rocket engines with vector quantization based on FCM algorithm, International Journal of Engg. Research in Africa, 22, 2016, [14]. R.Bhavani and S.Alagamma, Design and implementation of GSM based smart energy meter (SEM) for home applications, International Journal of Latest Trends in Engineering and Technology, 8(1), 2014, [15]. D. Sobya, S. Nallusamy, Partha Sarathi Chakraborty, A proposed remote monitoring system by global system for mobile communication and internet technology, International Journal on Recent Researches in Science Engineering and Technology, 5(11), 2017, [16]. Shoeb S. Sheikh, et al, Design and implementation of wireless automatic meter reading system," International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, 3(3), 2011, [17]. O.Homa Kesav, B. Abdul Rahim, Automated wireless meter reading system for monitoring and controlling power consumption, International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 1(2), 2012, [18]. Myilsamy K, Automated wireless meter reading system for controlling power Consumption, The International Journal of Engineering and Science, 8, 2015, [19]. S. D. Sankpal and S.B.Patil, Real time energy data acquisition and alarming system for monitoring power consumption in industry, International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, 3(3), 2014, [20]. K. Sivasankari, Design of prepaid energy meter, International Journal of Advanced Information Science and Technology, 3(11), 2014, editor@iaeme.com