Navigating and searching theweb

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Roderick Maxwell
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1 Navigating and searching theweb

2 Contents Introduction 3 1 The Word Wide Web 3 2 Navigating the web 4 3 Hyperinks 5 4 Searching the web 7 5 Improving your searches 8 6 Activities Navigating the web Being safe and responsibe Searching the web Using search engines 12 7 End of course quiz 13 8 Acknowedgements 13 2 of 13 Monday 4 September 2017

Introduction Introduction The Word Wide Web is a coection of web pages stored on computers connected to the Internet. We ca the Word Wide Web the web for short.

3 Introduction Introduction The Word Wide Web is a coection of web pages stored on computers connected to the Internet. We ca the Word Wide Web the web for short. Often when you see WWW at the front of a website address, this means that it was created to be part of the Word Wide Web. Figure 1 1 The Word Wide Web Each webpage has a unique address, known as a Uniform Resource Locator (URL). If you know the address, it can be typed into the web browser address bar, and the browser wi retrieve a copy of the page and dispay it on your computer. 3 of 13 Monday 4 September 2017

2 Navigating the web Figure 2 2 Navigating the web Webpages contain information in the form of text, pictures and videos, as we as providing inks to other webpages using URLs.

4 2 Navigating the web Figure 2 2 Navigating the web Webpages contain information in the form of text, pictures and videos, as we as providing inks to other webpages using URLs. These inks are caed hyperinks and they make the web an easy way to search for information. A hyperink may be a ink to another page on the same website, or it may be a webpage from another website from esewhere in the word. 4 of 13 Monday 4 September 2017

5 3 Hyperinks Figure 3 If you drew ines between inked pages, it woud appear to be a giant mesh or web spanning the word, hence the name Word Wide Web. 3 Hyperinks Moving your mouse cursor over a hyperink wi typicay change the cursor to a pointing hand: 5 of 13 Monday 4 September 2017

$3 Hyperinks Figure 4 The hyperink itsef can be shown as a fu URL:http:\\www.googe.$ connection to the page or resource required. You shoud aways be cautious when using hyperinks, as they can be created to connect to a different site than the one shown on the page.

connection to the page or resource required. You shoud aways be cautious when using hyperinks, as they can be created to connect to a different site than the one shown on the page.

6 3 Hyperinks Figure 4 The hyperink itsef can be shown as a fu URL: Aternativey, the hyperink can be embedded within an image or a section of onscreen text: Figure 5 Regardess of how the hyperink is presented on the webpage, it wi provide a connection to the page or resource required. You shoud aways be cautious when using hyperinks, as they can be created to connect to a different site than the one shown on the page. Hyperinks can be used to take you to a website created by criminas who wish to earn private information about you and perhaps stea your passwords. Activity: URLs 1 Try foowing the ink beow. Does it take you to the website you expect? 6 of 13 Monday 4 September 2017

7 4 Searching the web Answer Yes! From the URL you shoud have expected to reach the ITV homepage. 2 Try this ink too. Does it take you to the website you expect? Answer No. From the URL you might have expected it to take you to the BBC News website but you wi have gone to an error page. This is because there is a typo in the URL it is missing an s at the end. It shoud read: 4 Searching the web The web contains a vast number of pages on a mutitude of subjects. What sort of things do you search for? Perhaps some of the foowing: fims friends ceebrities hep with homework shopping games oca services (eating out, train times, etc.). When you search for things on the web, you normay use a search engine, which is an extremey arge computer agorithm that discovers new webpages as they are created, and then ists reevant webpages when asked by you. Googe, Bing and Yahoo! are exampes of popuar search engines. When you open up a web browser such as Edge, Firefox or Chrome, you wi often be taken to the search engine preferred by the browser s deveoper, for exampe Microsoft Edge is very fond of Microsoft Bing! When you type something into a search engine, it wi search through a the webpages it knows about and provide a ist of reevant sites. Depending on what you have asked the search engine to ook for, you may be presented with a very ong ist of possibe websites! What is an agorithm? An agorithm is an advanced computing concept it is a set of rues, mathematica cacuations or probem soving tasks to be foowed, most often by a computer system. Search engines have their own agorithms to decide what shoud be at the top of our search resuts. 7 of 13 Monday 4 September 2017

5 Improving your searches 5 Improving your searches The more specific the entry you provide for a search engine, the more reevant the resuting webpages that it wi return to you.

8 5 Improving your searches 5 Improving your searches The more specific the entry you provide for a search engine, the more reevant the resuting webpages that it wi return to you. If you search for beach, you wi be presented with a the webpages that the search engine has isted with a connection to beaches. If you are ony interested in pictures, you may find that you are not interested in many of the websites which may be seing hoidays or showing videos of beach activities. Most search engines provide you with an option to narrow your search to a particuar type of webpage: Figure 6 The Googe search engine provides the option to narrow your search down to images, maps, videos or news, as we as providing more advanced search options using search toos. You can aso be more specific in your search by providing more information for the search engine. For exampe, maybe you wish to find images of beaches in the UK during the winter, so you coud narrow your search down by entering UK beaches in winter and seecting an image search. Activity: Search engines Watch the foowing video expaining how to search effectivey using a search engine: Interactive content is not avaiabe in this format. 8 of 13 Monday 4 September 2017

9 6 Activities What did you earn whie watching the video? Answer Some words have different meanings, so you may be surprised by the resuts you get. You need to think about what you are asking the Internet to search for and seect your search terms carefuy. Adding words together improves Internet searches think about how you can do this to remove or reduce the number of useess resuts. 6 Activities 6.1 Navigating the web Persona Activity Find out about the way your schoo website inks to other sites. Activity for the whoe cass Start with your schoo website and ook at the inks from the front page. Foow each of the inks and draw a map of where they take you.(you wi need a big piece of paper!) Note: Some inks wi be to other pages in the schoo s website and others wi take you to other websites. Get a group of two or three to ook at each new page and ook at the inks from there. Figure 7 9 of 13 Monday 4 September 2017

10 6 Activities Extended Activities Use the hyperink too athttp://smaseotoos.com/website-inks-count-checker/ (This wi show you a the inks from a webpage.) Note that this site has many cookie-controed adverts over which we have no contro. How coud you find out how connected you are? Activity: For fun There are many webs on the Internet we are a connected and it has been proved that in most cases everyone in humanity is separated by six degrees of separation. The same is aso true for Kevin Bacon a we-known Hoywood actor who has appeared in many we known movies and teevision series. There is the Bacon number. You can search in the Googe search engine try Bacon number Justin Bieber or Bacon number Jennifer Lawrence try other we-known actors and see if you can get to a Bacon number of six. We even tried Professor Stephen Hawking enjoy. 6.2 Being safe and responsibe Activity Watch the Jigsaw video and answer the foowing questions. 1 Was Becky SMART? 2 What did she do wrong? Compare your answers with others in the cass. Area of probem S M A R T What she did wrong 10 of 13 Monday 4 September 2017

11 6 Activities Extended Activity Watch the Think You Know? video and answer the foowing questions. 1 Has anything ike this happened to you or a friend? 2 What woud you do if it did? 3 Why did she not reaise earier that Mark was a bad person? 6.3 Searching the web Activity 1 If you have homework to do where you have to find out about things, see if you can find the answers to the questions. 2 If not, use the Internet and a search engine to find out the answers to the questions beow. 3 Compare your answers with others in the cass. Search for: What year was the Internet invented? Answer Who invented the Internet? What was the first search engine? How many webpages are on the Internet? Attempt to create a sensibe question that you can t find the answer to on the Internet 11 of 13 Monday 4 September 2017

12 6 Activities Extended Activity If you have time in cass pease use a search engine to expore the foowing additiona questions. Search for: What is the weight of the Earth in kiograms? What is the time in New York when it is 11:15 am in London? What s a recipe using cream, steak and cabbage and beetroot? How many webpages on the Internet are in French? How many time zones are there in China? How ong is the ength of a day on Jupiter? How many breeds of dogs are there? Answer 6.4 Using search engines Activity: Different search engines There are many different search engines, and athough most peope tend to use Googe and Bing, there are many others. The purpose of this activity is to search for search engines and then search for the same thing using at east three unusua search engines. Step 1 Search for at east three unique search engines other than Googe and Bing and ist them here. Try to find search engines that are different Step 2 Using each of the search engines you have isted above, search for Pomeranian puppies. Compete the tabe beow: 12 of 13 Monday 4 September 2017

13 7 End of course quiz Search engine Number of inks presented What was different in format/appearance of the resuts Step 3 Now answer the foowing questions. 1 Which search engine do you think gave the best resuts? 2 How did the resuts from your best search engine compare to those given by Googe or Bing? 7 End of course quiz Now it s time to test what you ve earned in a quiz. 8 Acknowedgements Gratefu acknowedgement is made to the foowing sources: Figure 1: deepadesigns/shutterstock.com Figure 2: Rawpixe.com/Shutterstock Figure 3: Pubisher unknown. Figure 4: From Pixabay. Covered under Creative Commons icence CC0 1.0 Universa (CC0 1.0) Pubic Domain Dedication Figure 5: Exampes of Googe, Bing and Yahoo! Search Figure 6: From Pixabay. Covered under Creative Commons icence CC0 1.0 Universa (CC0 1.0) Pubic Domain Dedication Every effort has been made to contact copyright hoders. If any have been inadvertenty overooked the pubishers wi be peased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity. 13 of 13 Monday 4 September 2017

The Internet and the web

The Internet and the web Contents Introduction 3 1 The Internet at home 4 2 Loca Area Networks sma office/home office 5 3 Loca Area Networks business 6 4 Wide Area Networks 8 5 Wireess networks 9 6 Mobie