Linux 下代码查看 编辑 编译与调试 (I) 袁华

Transcription

1 Linux 下代码查看 编辑 编译与调试 (I) 袁华

2 Introduction to VI (VIM) text editor Contents View codes Compile, build and run Debug

3 Why Do Code Works on a Linux Server? Windows/Mac can do the same thing, even with more beautiful UI. So Why? Models run on Linux servers (generally, more powerful than PCs). A program with large datasets and comprehensive procedures: better to use more powerful machines. Convenient for codes modification, run and debug. What you only need is a terminal save your money! It s pretty a cool thing, right?

4 Which One Should I Choose?

5 Which One Should I Choose?

6 VI easy-to-use but hard-to-learn?

7 VI

8 Haha

9 h, j, k, l or use direction keys Move aground i Change to insert mode Backspace Delete ESC Back to normal mode Minimum Basic VI Commands :wq, :q! Quit. wq: Write file to disk and quit the editor. q!: Quit (no warning)

10 To Get into Insert Mode Text Entry Commands (Used to start text entry) a A i I o O Append text following current cursor position Append text to the end of current line Insert text before the current cursor position Insert text at the beginning of the cursor line Open up a new line following the current line and add text there Open up a new line in front of the current line and add text there

11 Move Cursor Cursor Movement Commands (in normal mode) gg Go to the first line G Go to the last line ngg/ng Go to the specified (n) line $ Move cursor to the end of current line 0 Move cursor to the beginning of current line ^ Move To the first non-blank character of the line Ctrl-o Go to older cursor position Ctrl-i Go to newer cursor position

12 Move Cursor Cursor Movement Commands (in normal mode) w Forward one word W Forward one WORD (separated by space) b Backward one word B Backward one WORD e Forward the end of word E Forward the end of WORD fc Fly to the occurrence of char c Ctrl-f One page forward Ctrl-b One page backward

13 Edit Text Text Deletion Commands (in normal mode) x Delete one character dd Delete curent line d$ or D Delete from cursor position to the end of line ndd Delete n lines d^ Delete from cursor position to the beginning of line dw delete first word after cursor position

14 Edit Text Copy Commands (in normal mode) yy Yank current line nyy Yank n lines y$ Yank to end of current line from cursor yw Yank from cursor to end of current word

15 Edit Text Paste Commands (in normal mode) p P u J paste below cursor paste above cursor Undo last change Join next line down to the end of the current line

16 File Manipulation File Commands (in normal mode) :w Save file :w file Save as file :e file Edit another file :r file Insert file content at the current cursor position Ctrl-g Get file status

17 Search and Replace Search and Replace Commands (in normal mode) /string?string n N Search forward for string Search backward for string Repeat last search downward Repeat last search upward * Search forward for string cursor located # Search forward for string cursor located gd Go to local declaration of variable cursor located :,$s/str1/str2/gc Search and replace str1 by str2 from the current line (a line number can be specified before the comma) to the end of file. Ask for confirmation before replace :%s/str1/str2/g Replace all str1 by str2 in all the file without confirmation

18 Register Register Commands (in normal mode) {a-za-z0-9.%#:-"} Use register {a-za-z0-9.%#:-"} for next delete, yank or put cyy cp :reg Yank current line into register c Put the text from register c after the cursor Display the contents of all registers

19 Mark Mark Commands (in normal mode) mc Set mark c{a-za-z} at cursor position c or `c Jump to the mark c :mark List all the current marks

20 Split Window Split Commands (in normal mode) :split :vsplit Ctrl-w h/j/k/l Split window horizontally Split window vertically Move cursor to another window

21 Tab Edit Tab Edit Commands (in normal mode) :tabnew/:tabe[dit] Open a new tab :tabe. Open a new tab page and edit file gt Move to the next Tab Forward Gt Move to the next Tab Backward :tabc[lose] Close the tab

22 Macros Macros Commands (in normal mode) qc n@c Record a Macro named as c End the macro recording Execute macro c one time Execute macro c n times

23 Shell in VI Switch to Shell Commands (in normal mode) :!commond :sh exit Execute a shell command Switch to Shell environment Go back to VI

24 :help reg VI Help

25 View Codes Using VI :syntax on/off :set nu/nonu

26 VI + taglist.vim

27 Download taglist.vim VI + taglist.vim Put it to $ ~/.vim/plugin :TlistToggle Move window Ctrl-w h,j,k,l Go to variable/function Move cursor and Enter Display variable/function p

28 Install Ctags package first VI + Ctags Generate tags file $ ctags -R * // under source code root dir Open source files under root dir Tags Commands (in normal mode) Ctrl-] Ctrl-t :tags Jump to the definition of the keyword under the cursor Jump to position before previous tag Show the contents of the tag stack

29 Set.vimrc File Create.vimrc, put it under your home dir

30 Install both packages Doxygen + Graphviz Creates a Doxyfile that tells doxygen what you want it to do $ doxygen g $ doxywizard (another way, windows style and could jump to the last step) Edit the Doxyfile. Some important entries you may care about: PROJECT_NAME OPTIMIZE_FOR_FORTRAN (set to YES) EXTRACT_ALL (set to YES) EXTRACT_PRIVATE (set to YES) EXTRACT_STATIC (set to YES) INPUT (source codes dir) RECURSIVE (set to YES) FILE_PATTERNS (if extension is not.f90, e.g..f90) HAVE_DOT (set to YES) CALL_GRAPH (set to YES) CALLER_GRAPH (set to YES if you want) DOT_PATH (if the dot program from graphviz is not in your $PATH)

31 Doxygen + Graphviz Run $ doxygen Doxyfile Open html/index.html in your browser Click the Files tab and then click the file containing a procedure for which you want the call/caller graphs. Nodes in the graphs are clickable to take you to that function.