Equipment protection

Equipment protection

Serie K Risk of electrical surges Equipment protection 5.000.000 ightning strikes per day 61% Electrical damages caused by surges 30k verage current of a lightning strike ightning and surge protection Electrical and electronic equipment is indispensable in the daily activities of today s businesses and individuals. Such devices are connected to the electricity grid, often exchanging data and signals through communication lines and are usually sensitive to disturbances. These interconnecting networks provide a propagation path for overvoltages. Protection against lightning and overvoltages not only ensures the safety of people, goods and equipment, but also ensures continuity of installation services and meet criteria of energy efficiency. Overvoltage protection extends the life of the equipment by more than 20%, which significantly reduces the volume of electronic waste. It also reduces the power consumption of the installations, all of which translates into cost savings and environmental sustainability. Transient voltage surges in V power lines Transient overvoltages are voltage surges that can reach tens of kilovolts with a duration of the order of microseconds. Despite their short duration, the high energy content can cause serious problems to equipment connected to the line, from premature aging to destruction, causing disruptions to service and financial loss. This of surge can have various different causes, including atmospheric lightning directly striking the external protection (lightning rods) on a building or transmission line or the associated induction of electromagnetic fields on metallic conductors. Outdoor and longer lines are the most exposed to these fields, which often receive high levels of induction. It is also common for non-weather phenomena, such as transformer centre switching or the disconnection of motors or other inductive loads to cause voltage spikes in adjacent lines. The protector will discharge excess energy to earth, thus limiting the peak voltage to a value acceptable for the electrical equipment connected. reduces the power consumption of the installations, all of which translates into cost savings and environmental sustainability. U 4000 3500 3000 2000 1000 500 0-500 1000 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 t(ms) 1ms max.

The importance of the ground connection ground in proper conditions is therefore an aspect not to overlook when it comes to effective surge protection. ontinuously monitoring the state of the ground connection ensures proper operation of surge protection devices. Operating principle of an SPD SPD equipment troduction Implemententing the protection to IE 61643-1 PE Protection parameters acc. to IE 61643-1 Impulse current Peak current with 10/350µs waveform which the protection device can withstand without reaching end of life. Maximum discharge current Peak current with 8/20µs waveform which the protection device can withstand without reaching end of life. ominal current Peak current in 8/20µs waveform the protection device can withstand 20 times without reaching end of life. Up Voltage protection level Maximum residual voltage between the terminals of the protection device during the application of a peak current Maximum continuous operating voltage Maximum effective voltage that can be applied permanently to the terminals of the protection device. Uoc Open circuit voltage (combined voltage pulse) This parameter is used only for the lass III test and is applicable to a Type 3 SPD. It consists of the injection of a combination wave (1.2/50µs in open circuit - 8/20µs in short circuit). Ifi Follow current extinction capability This parameter is only devoted to surge protectors using air gap technology. Once they have switched, these surge protectors conduct part of the network current (follow current) and need to interrupt it..1

Serie K When selecting an SPD, several points must be considered: Equipment protection etwork topology: TS, T, TT, IT, D PhotoVoltaic and o of conductors. ominal voltage rating () of the supply. oth features will condition the maximum continuous operating voltage () as the IE standard 60364-5-534 sets the minimum allowed value of depending on the system configuration, taking into account a safety margin of the device above the nominal voltage. Voltage withstand rating (Ue) of the equipment in the installation.the protection device should be selected so that the voltage protection level (Up) is compatible with (lower than) the value of Ue. IE standard 60364-4-443 classifies equipment into four categories, based on the impulse voltage they are capable of withstanding. (See table on next page). Exposure of the installation to atmospheric and nonweather phenomena. I SPD Up Up < Ue PROTETED EQUIPMET I: peak current Up: voltage protection level. residual voltage at. Ue: impulse voltage the equipment can withstand Ue Exposure ratings The actual exposure of an installation depends on the combination of 3 basic criteria: (1) electrical service system, (2) external (and internal) switching of loads and (3) lightning strike density (isokeraunic level). Factors (1) and (2) generate three possible situations: - Direct impact exposure of an installation fitted with external lightning protection system or close to a tower or element susceptible to receive a strike. - High exposure of an installation fed by long overhead service lines or situated in large industrial or commercial premisses. - Medium exposure of installations with an underground service and not subject to switchings of industrial loads in the vicinity. Factor (3), the isokeraunic level of a certain country. Map by S ightning Team.2

Protection system of coordinated stages: Type 1, Type 1+2 and Type 2 SPDs The SPDs of a surge protection system must be able to withstand the discharged current and provide a Ures level (residual voltage) lower than the Ue peak voltage that the equipment can withstand. Most of the times it is not possible to achieve this with just one SPD, especially because the intensity of the surge is not known, and because of the induction of overvoltages when conductors exceed 10m. The optimal system of protection is the STEP approach, in which successive stages are combined in the performance of high discharge capacity devices and devices with an optimal voltage protection level (low). This is addressed by the definition of Types or lasses of SPDs according to the of transient pulses to which each protected zone in the installation is subject to. SurgeGuard range overview Overvoltage category IE 60364-4-443 Overvoltage withstand (Ue) values for equipment at 230/400V Main switch board Distribution board Final sub-circuits IV III II I 6kV 4kV 2,5kV 1,5kV E/IE 61643-11/1 Type 1 / lass I Type 1+2 / lass I+II Type 2 / lass II Definition lass test to E/IE 61643-11/1 Surge Designed for use in incoming power supply panels where the risk of lightning strike is high, in particular in buildings with an external lightning protection system. Must be accompanied by downstream lass II protectors. 10/350µs waveform, lass I test. Direct impact of a lightning strike (current). Designed for use in distribution lways installed downstream of panels located downstream of class a lass II protection designed to I protectors or in incoming power protect sensitive equipment or supply panels in areas with low equipment located more than 20m exposure to lightning strikes, where downstream of thelass II SPD. the building is not fitted with an external PS. ombined 10/350µs + 8/20µs waveform, lass I test. 8/20µs waveform lass II test. direct impact of a ligthning strike on the distribution line (overhead direct impact simulated by the current and voltage that can reach the lines) or its vicinity (rise of ground potential or induction by coupling long-distance circuits and individual of electromagnetic radiation of the equipment to be protected. strike) or in the event of a switching. Discharge capacity (, ) High Medium ow Voltage protection level (Up) (oarse) (Fine) (fine) GE SPDs series S OK I KGP S T1+2 KGP S T2 KGM S T2 troduction SurgeGuard pluggable highlights KG SP Pluggable Remote indication Dry contacts, optional in all ranges, for remote indication of protector end of life. Protector lifetime status indication lear display of protection end of life. ew, optimized disconnection system Mersen has developed an optimised disconnection system for end of life. omplies with the disconnection tests of the standards for protectors for photovoltaic applications. Reversible installation Reversible chassis to allow cable entry from above or below. artridge security system Vibration proof insertion click effect. Mechanical cartridge coding Safety system to avoid possible cartridge replacement errors. iconnect connection Two s of terminal: for rigid or flexible cable and for fork comb busbar..3

Serie K How to protect the SPDs againts short-circuits Equipment protection SPD ack-up M/Fuse SPDs are connected downstream of a circuit breaker or fuse (F1), in parallel to the rest of the installation. If F1 exceeds the maximum size shown in the table below. it is necessary to install a dedicated circuit breaker or fuse F2. any case, it is recommended to install a dedicated circuit breaker or fuse for the surge diverter. The main benefit is that maintenance or replacement of the surge unit can be performed easily without the disruption caused through shutdown at the main isolator. Isc F2 F2 F2 Type 2 - lass II Type I + II - lass I + II Type I - lass I 70 50 Fuses Fuses Fuses Fuses Fuses 40 g 40 g 63 g 63 g 100 g 25 EP250 EP250 25 40 urve urve GT25 GT25 15 EP100 EP100 EP100 EP100 25 40 63 63 urve urve urve urve GT100 GT100 G100 G100 10 EP60 EP60 EP60 EP60 Hti 25 40 63 63 100 urve urve urve urve urve GT60 GT60 G60 G60 6 EP60 EP60 25 40 urve urve <20k 40k 12.5k 25k 50k F1>63 F1>125 F1>200 F1>200 F1>250 M M M M M or 63 g or 125 g or 200 g or 200 g or 250 g SPDs 2P 3P 4P Ms 2P 3P 3P Fuses 2P 3P 3P 1 2 3 1 2 3 PE.4

Serie K S OK I Type 1 SPDs S OK I Equipment protection Electrical diagram S OK I 50 2M (1P) d pplications S OK I 50 2M is the most robust series of single pole Type 1/ lass I lightning current arresters, able to discharge energy (current) from a direct lightning strike (10/350µs) on an external lightning protection system (PS) or overhead supplies, in accordance with E/IE 61643. Suitable as the first step of protection in incoming power supply panels and areas with high exposure to lightning strikes, fitted with an external lightning protection system. S OK I 100 2M () PE d PE Ratings and features ightning impulse current (10/350µs): 50k Follow current quenching capacity (Ifi): 50k eakage current free (F) Multi-discharge technology Single pole devices for TS, T and TT earthing systems (-/-): 230/400V DI-rail mountable, monobloc format Dimensions pplications 90mm 36mm 70mm S OK I 100 2M is the one to wire between eutral and Earth single pole Type 1/ lass I lightning current arresters, able to discharge energy (current) from a direct lightning strike (10/350µs) on an external lightning protection system (PS) or overhead supplies, in accordance with E/IE 61643. Suitable as the first step of protection in incoming power supply panels and areas with high exposure to lightning strikes, fitted with an external lightning protection system. Ratings and features ightning impulse current (10/350µs): 100k Follow current quenching capacity (Ifi): 50k eakage current free (F) Spark-Gap technology Single pole device for eutral Earth conexion (-/-): 230/400V DI-rail mountable, monobloc format.6

PE () S OK I Type 1 Electrical diagram Up (kv) at. o. Ref. o. Pack 2 mod. - (1ph) 230 275 50 50 <2 S OK I 50 2M 1 -PE () eutral 255 100 100 <2 S OK I 100 2M 660495 1 3xS OK I 50 2M + S OK I 100 2M TT P1 P2 P3 4xS OK I 50 2M T-S P1 P2 P3 PE Order codes () () () (PE) () () () () S OK I Ifi=50k Ifi=50k 60 Ifi=50k 100 k lass I U U 660495 PE () Ifi=50k 60 Ifi=50k 60 Ifi=50k 60 Ifi=50k 3+1 4+0 3xS OK I 50 2M 3xS OK I 50 2M T- P1 P2 P3 PE IT w/o distributed P1 P2 P3 () () () () () () Ifi=50k 60 Ifi=50k 60 Ifi=50k Ifi=50k Ifi=50k Ifi=50k 60 60 3+0 3+0.7

Serie K KG SP T1+2 Type 1+2 SPDs KG SP T1+2 Equipment protection Electrical diagrams O MODE (1+1) pplications KG SP T1+2 is the series of combined Type 1+2/lass I+II devices for discharging lightning currents and protecting against voltage surges, in accordance with E/IE 61643. Suitable as the first step of protection in incoming power supply panels and areas with exposure to the atmosphere, where installations are usually provided with an external lightning protection system. O MODE (2+0) O MODE (3+0) 3P Ratings and features ightning impulse current (10/350µs): 12.5k per phase Maximum discharge current (8/20µs): 65k per phase ominal discharge current (8/20µs): 20k per phase TS, T, and TT networks (-/-): 230/400V DI-rail mountable, plug-in format Visual and remote end of life indicators Reversible chassis to allow cable entry from above or below Mechanically coded cartridges to avoid cartridge replacement errors O MODE D (3+1) O MODE E (4+0).8

KG SP T1+2 Type 1+2 SPDs - 2 poles ETWORK Elect. diagr. Up (kv) Remote O at. o. Ref. o. Pack 12,5 (-) <1,3 (-) 2P TT (1P+) 230 275 65 20 25 (-PE) <1,5 (-PE) no KGPS T1+2/1P+25 667553 1 TT (1P+) 230 12,5 (-) <1,3 (-) 275 65 20 25 (-PE) <1,5 (-PE) yes KGPS T1+2/1P+25 O 667554 1 TS (1P+) 230 275 12,5 65 20 <1,3 no KGPS T1+2/2P 25 667555 1 TS (1P+) D 230 275 12,5 65 20 <1,3 yes KGPS T1+2/2P 25 O 667556 1 Type 1+2 SPDs - 3 poles ETWORK Elect. diagr. Up (kv) Remote O at. o. Ref. o. Pack 3P T (3P) 400 275 12,5 65 20 <1,3 no KGPS T1+2/3P 37,5 667557 1 T (3P) 400 275 12,5 65 20 <1,3 yes KGPS T1+2/3P 37,5 O 667558 1 Order codes Type 1+2 SPDs - 4 poles ETWORK Elect. diagr. Up (kv) Remote O at. o. Ref. o. Pack 4P TT (3P+) D 400 275 12,5 65 20 <1,3 (-) <1,5 (-PE) no KGPS T1+2/3P+50 667559 1 TT (3P+) D 400 275 12,5 65 20 <1,3 (-) <1,5 (-PE) no KGPS T1+2/3P+50 O 667560 1 TS (3P+) E 400 275 12,5 65 20 <1,3 yes KGPS T1+2/4P 50 667561 1 TS (3P+) F 400 275 12,5 65 20 <1,3 yes KGPS T1+2/4P 50 O 667562 1 Replacement cartridges For REPEMET RTRIDGE P 667553 KG PSMT1+2/P 12,5 667563 KG PSMT1+2/ 25 667564 667554 KG PSMT1+2/P 12,5 667563 KG PSMT1+2/ 25 667564 667555 KG PSMT1+2/P 12,5 667563 - - 667556 KG PSMT1+2/P 12,5 667563 - - 667557 KG PSMT1+2/P 12,5 667563 - - 667558 KG PSMT1+2/P 12,5 667563 - - 667559 KG PSMT1+2/P 12,5 667563 KG PSMT1+2/ 50 667565 667560 KG PSMT1+2/P 12,5 667563 KG PSMT1+2/ 50 667565 667561 KG PSMT1+2/P 12,5 667563 - - 667562 KG PSMT1+2/P 12,5 667563 - -.9

Serie K KG SP T2 Type 2 SPDs KG SP T2 Equipment protection Electrical diagrams O MODE (1+1) pplications KG SP T2 is the series of Type 2/lass II devices for discharging voltage surges, in accordance with E/IE 61643. Suitable for the second stage of protection in supply distribution panels in which Type 1 protection devices are installed upstream, or for the first stage of protection in commercial or other applications not exposed to direct strikes and with no external lightning protection system. O MODE (2+0) O MODE (3+0) 3P Ratings and features Maximum discharge current (8/20µs): 40k per phase ominal discharge current (8/20µs): 20k per phase TS, T and TT networks (-/-): 230/400V DI-rail mountable, plug-in format Visual and remote end of life indicators Reversible chassis to allow cable entry from above or below Mechanically coded cartridges to avoid cartridge replacement errors Multidischarge technology. O MODE D (3+1) O MODE E (4+0).10

KG SP T2 Type 2 SPDs - 2 poles ETWORK Elect. diagr. Up (kv) Remote O at. o. Ref. o. Pack 2P TT (1P+) 230 275-40 20 <1,3 (-) <1,5 (-PE) no KGPS T2/1P+80 667566 1 TT (1P+) 230 275-40 20 <1,3 (-) <1,5 (-PE) yes KGPS T2/1P+ 80 O 667567 1 TS (1P+) 230 275-40 20 <1,3 no KGPS T2/2P80 667568 1 TS (1P+) 230 275-40 20 <1,3 yes KGPS T2/2P80 O 667569 1 Type 2 SPDs - 3 poles ETWORK Elect. diagr. Up (kv) Remote O at. o. Ref. o. Pack 3P T (3P) 400 275-40 20 <1,3 no KGPS T2/3P 120 667570 1 T (3P) 400 275-40 20 <1,3 yes KGPS T2/3P 120 O 667571 1 Order codes Type 2 SPDs - 4 poles ETWORK Elect. diagr. Up (kv) Remote O at. o. Ref. o. Pack 4P TT (3P+) D 400 275-40 20 <1,3 (-) <1,5 (-PE) no KGPS T2/3P+ 160 667572 1 TT (3P+) D 400 275-40 20 <1,3 (-) <1,5 (-PE) yes KGPS T2/3P+ 160 O 667573 1 TS (3P+) E 400 275-40 20 <1,3 no KGPS T2/4P 160 667574 1 TS (3P+) F 400 275-40 20 <1,3 yes KGPS T2/4P 160 O 667575 1 Replacement cartridges For REPEMET RTRIDGE P 667566 KG PSM T2/P 40 667576 KG PSM T2/ 40 667577 667567 KG PSM T2/P 40 667576 KG PSM T2/ 40 667577 667568 KG PSM T2/P 40 667576 - - 667569 KG PSM T2/P 40 667576 - - 667570 KG PSM T2/P 40 667576 - - 667571 KG PSM T2/P 40 667576 - - 667572 KG PSM T2/P 40 667576 KG PSM T2/ 40 667577 667573 KG PSM T2/P 40 667576 KG PSM T2/ 40 667577 667574 KG PSM T2/P 40 667576 - - 667575 KG PSM T2/P 40 667576 - -.11

Serie K KG MS T2 Type 2 SPDs KG MS T2 Equipment protection Electrical diagrams O MODE (1+1) pplications KG MS T2 is the series of Type 2/lass II devices for discharging voltage surges, in accordance with E/IE 61643. Suitable for the second stage of protection in supply distribution panels in which Type 1 protection devices are installed upstream, or for the first stage of protection in commercial or other applications not exposed to direct strikes and with no external lightning protection system. O MODE (3+1) O MODE (4+0) Ratings and features Maximum discharge current (8/20µs): 40k per phase ominal discharge current (8/20µs): 15k per phase TS and TT networks (-/-): 230/400V DI-rail mountable, MOOOK format Visual and remote end of life indicators Multidischarge technology O MODE D (4+0).12

KG MS T2 Type 2 SPDs - 2 poles ETWORK Elect. diagr. Up (kv) 2P, 1 mod. TT (1P+) 230 275-15 5 <1,2 (-) <1,5 (-PE) 2P, 2 mod. TT (1P+) 230 275-15 5 <1,2 (-) <1,5 (-PE) 2P, 2 mod. TT (1P+) 230 275-40 15 <1,2 (-) <1,5 (-PE) Remote O at. o. Ref. o. Pack no KGMS T2/1P+30 M 667545 1 yes KGMS T2/1P+30 667546 1 no KGMS T2/1P+80 667549 1 Type 2 SPDs - 4 poles ETWORK Elect. diagr. Up (kv) Remote O at. o. Ref. o. Pack 4P, 4 mod. TT (3P+) 400 275-15 5 <1,2 (-) <1,5 (-PE) no KGMS T2/3P+ 60 667547 1 TT (3P+) 400 275-40 15 <1,2 (-) <1,5 (-PE) no KGMS T2/3P+ 160 667550 1 TS (3P+) 400 275-15 5 <1,2 no KGMS T2/4P 60 667548 1 TS (3P+) 400 275-40 15 <1,3 no KGMS T2/4P 160 667551 1 TS (3P+) D 400 275-40 15 <1,3 yes KGMS T2/4P 60 O 667552 1 Equipment protection.13

Equipment protection Serie K.14