Next Generation Networks Perspectives and Potentials Dr Jingming Li Salina LiSalina Consulting, Switzerland Pascal Salina Swisscom SA, Switzerland
Next Generation Networks
Next Generation Networks Perspectives and Potentials Dr Jingming Li Salina LiSalina Consulting, Switzerland Pascal Salina Swisscom SA, Switzerland
Copyright 2007 John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex PO19 8SQ, England Telephone +44 1243 779777 Email (for orders and customer service enquiries): cs-books@wiley.co.uk Visit our Home Page on www.wiley.com All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except under the terms of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP, UK, without the permission in writing of the Publisher. Requests to the Publisher should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex PO19 8SQ, England, or emailed to permreq@wiley.co.uk, or faxed to (+44) 1243 770620. Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. All brand names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. The Publisher is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. All trademarks referred to in the text of this publication are the property of their respective owners. This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the subject matter covered. It is sold on the understanding that the Publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought. Other Wiley Editorial Offices John Wiley & Sons Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA Jossey-Bass, 989 Market Street, San Francisco, CA 94103-1741, USA Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, Boschstr. 12, D-69469 Weinheim, Germany John Wiley & Sons Australia Ltd, 42 McDougall Street, Milton, Queensland 4064, Australia John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte Ltd, 2 Clementi Loop #02-01, Jin Xing Distripark, Singapore 129809 John Wiley & Sons Canada Ltd, 6045 Freemont Blvd, Mississauga, ONT, L5R 4J3, Canada Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. Anniversary Logo Design: Richard J. Pacifico Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Salina, Jingming Li. Next Generation Networks : perspectives and potentials / Jingming Li Salina and Pascal Salina. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 978-0-470-51649-2 (cloth) 1. Telecommunication systems. 2. Convergence (Telecommunication) 3. Business planning. I. Salina, Pascal. II. Title. III. Title: NGN perspectives and potentials. TK5102.5.S28 2007 004.6 dc22 2007033010 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978-0-470-51649-2 (HB) Typeset in 10/12pt Times by Integra Software Services Pvt. Ltd, Pondicherry, India Printed and bound in Great Britain by Antony Rowe Ltd, Chippenham, England. This book is printed on acid-free paper responsibly manufactured from sustainable forestry in which at least two trees are planted for each one used for paper production.
To our parents
Contents List of Tables List of Illustrations Preface Acknowledgements xiii xv xix xxi 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Challenge 1: To Become More Than an ISP 1 1.2 Challenge 2: To Apply a Model of Operation Driven by Customer Needs 2 1.2.1 The Technology-driven Operation Model 3 1.2.2 The Operation Model Driven by Customer Needs 3 1.3 NGN The Holy Grail for a Telecom Operator? 5 1.4 NGN Aims at Improving Life Quality and Bringing New Life Experience 7 1.5 The Network Evolution Towards NGN 8 1.6 The Telecom Environment and Corporate Responsibility 9 1.7 The Organization of the Book 10 2 NGN Vision, Scenarios and Advances 13 2.1 NGN Networks: Perspectives and Potentials 14 2.2 Some Possible Scenarios 17 2.2.1 Virtual Space Flight 18 2.2.2 Virtual International Congress 19 2.2.3 Virtual Global Exhibition 20 2.2.4 Virtual Classroom, e-education and Experimental Laboratory 21 2.2.5 Virtual Corporate Environment 22 2.2.6 Virtual Home 23 2.2.7 Virtual Hospital 23 2.2.8 Virtual Store 25 2.2.9 Global and Local Information Centres 26
viii CONTENTS 2.2.10 Home Networks 27 2.2.11 Automatic Traffic and Car Driving (Machine-to-machine Communication) 28 2.2.12 NGN Advances 29 3 NGN Requirements on Technology and Management 33 3.1 NGN Requirements on Technology 34 3.1.1 Communication using the Five Human Senses and Surroundings 34 3.1.2 Real-time Communication across Language Barriers 34 3.1.3 Virtual Living Environments 35 3.1.4 User Identification using Biometrics 36 3.1.5 Human-like Service Activation 37 3.1.6 On-demand End-to-End Connectivity 37 3.1.7 Easy and Standardized Service Creation 39 3.1.8 Flexible Terminal Equipment 40 3.2 NGN Requirements on Management 42 3.2.1 Customer Management 42 3.2.2 Third-party Service Provider Management 43 3.2.3 Service and Service Delivery Management 44 3.2.4 Network and Network Performance Management 45 3.2.5 Network Security Management 46 3.2.6 Device Management 47 3.2.7 Information Management 47 4 NGN Functional Architecture 49 4.1 The ITU NGN Functional Architecture 49 4.2 The Proposed NGN Functional Architecture 52 4.2.1 Transport Stratum 53 4.2.2 Service Stratum 57 4.2.3 Service/Application/Content/Information Layer 62 4.2.4 Customer Terminal Equipment Functions 62 4.2.5 Other Networks 63 5 NGN Operator, Provider, Customer and CTE 65 5.1 NGN Network Operator 66 5.2 NGN Service Provider 68 5.3 NGN Customer and CTE 68 5.3.1 Individual Customers and CTEs 68 5.3.2 Home Customers and CTEs 69 5.3.3 Vehicle Customers and CTE 71 5.3.4 Corporate Customers and CTE 72 5.3.5 Third-party Provider Customers and CTE 73
CONTENTS ix 6 Network and Service Evolution towards NGN 75 6.1 Major Evolution Steps for the Networks and Services of Today 77 6.1.1 Service Convergence and Access Network Development (Step 1) 77 6.1.2 IP-based Service Conversion and Managed IP Network Development (Step 2) 78 6.1.3 Network Integration and Service Extension (Step 3) 80 6.2 Fixed Network Evolution 82 6.3 Mobile Network Evolution 83 6.4 Cable Network Evolution 84 6.5 Internet Evolution 84 6.6 IP Network Problems Critical to be Solved 85 7 NGN Key Development Areas 89 7.1 Terminal Area 89 7.1.1 User Terminal 90 7.1.2 Machine Terminal 91 7.1.3 Sensor Terminal 94 7.1.4 Wireless Thin Client 94 7.1.5 RFID Technology 95 7.1.6 NFC Technology 97 7.2 Access Network Area 98 7.2.1 Ubiquitous Connectivity 98 7.2.2 Co-existence Mechanisms for Multiple Radio Access Networks 109 7.3 Backhaul Network Area 110 7.4 Core Transport Network Area 111 7.5 Service Creation Area 118 7.5.1 OSA/Parlay Technologies 119 7.5.2 Parlay X Technology 121 7.5.3 Web 2.0 121 7.6 Network Control and Management Area 121 7.6.1 Setting up, Maintaining and Tearing Down End-to-End Connectivity 122 7.6.2 Monitoring and Controlling the Performance of End-to-End Connectivity 124 7.6.3 Analysing and Predicting Performance of End-to-End Connectivity 124 7.6.4 Generating and Delivering Relevant Information to the Relevant People 125 7.6.5 Generating Billing Information 125 7.6.6 Managing Multiple Access Networks Belonging to Different Operators 125
x CONTENTS 7.6.7 Managing Multiple Core Transport Networks Belonging to Different Operators 125 7.6.8 Managing Changes in the Access Network 125 7.6.9 Managing Changes in the Core Transport Network 125 7.6.10 End-to-End Network Resource Management 126 7.7 Service Control and Management 126 7.7.1 GRID Technologies 128 7.7.2 End-to-End QoS Management 128 7.7.3 End-to-End Security Management 131 7.8 Advanced Technologies for Network and Service Management 131 7.8.1 Intelligent Agent Technology 131 7.8.2 Artificial Intelligence Technology 132 7.8.3 SON Technology 134 8 NGN Standardizations 137 8.1 ITU and GSI-NGN 138 8.1.1 GSI-NGN Concept 139 8.1.2 GSI-NGN Release 1 148 8.1.3 GSI-NGN Release 2 149 8.1.4 NGN Recommendations 149 8.2 ETSI and TISPAN-NGN 149 8.2.1 TISPAN-NGN Concept 152 8.2.2 TISPAN-NGN Release 1 159 8.2.3 TISPAN-NGN Release 2 160 8.2.4 TISPAN-NGN Release 3 165 8.3 ATIS and NGN 165 8.4 CJA and NGN 166 8.5 TMF and NGOSS 166 8.5.1 NGOSS Concept 167 8.5.2 NGOSS Components and their Functionality 167 8.5.3 NGOSS Documents 170 8.6 NGMN Alliance and NGMN, and 3GPP and LTE/SAE 172 8.6.1 NGMN Alliance and NGMN 172 8.6.2 3GPP and LTE/SAE 173 9 NGNs and Corporate Responsibility 183 9.1 Unsustainable Growth 184 9.2 Sustainable Development and Corporate Responsibility 185 9.3 The Purpose of Corporate Responsibility 187 9.4 The Fundamentals and the Limits of Corporate Responsibility 189 9.4.1 Principles and Values 189 9.4.2 The Limits of Corporate Responsibility 190
CONTENTS xi 9.5 Standards and Tools of Corporate Responsibility 192 9.5.1 Norms 193 9.5.2 Covenants 195 9.5.3 Tools 196 9.6 Guiding Concepts 198 9.6.1 Triple Bottom Line 198 9.6.2 Levels of Effects 199 9.6.3 Equity 199 9.6.4 Time 200 9.6.5 Efficiency 200 9.6.6 Limits and Carrying Capacity 201 9.7 Corporate Responsibility and NGN 202 9.7.1 Balancing the Benefits and Impacts of NGN 202 9.7.2 The Positive Aspects 205 9.7.3 The Challenges Ahead 207 9.8 Summary of Impacts 209 9.9 In a Nutshell 211 10 Summary 213 Glossary 217 Index 225
List of Tables 7.1 RFID 96 7.2 Existing and emerging access technologies (satellite, mobile, wireless, short-range radio, wired, cable and powerline) 99 7.3 IP QoS supporting protocols 112 8.1 Release 1 (P-)NNIs for interconnection to other types of networks 148 8.2 ITU-T GSI NGN recommendation list 150 8.3 TISPAN-NGN Release 1 deliverables 161 8.4 NGOSS Release 6.1 document titles and summaries 170 8.5 NGOSS Releases 6.0, 5.0, 4.5, 4.0, 3.5 and 3.0 document titles and summaries 171 9.1 Order levels of impacts from the use and applications of ICT 210