VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur 603 203 DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING QUESTION BANK VI SEMESTER EE6602 EMBEDDED SYSTEMS Regulation 2013 Academic Year 2017 18 Prepared by Mr.V.Suresh Kumar, Assistant Professor (Sr.G)/EIE Ms.S.Vanila, Assistant Professor (Sr.G)/EIE Page 1
UNIT I - INTRODUCTION TO EMBEDDED SYSTEMS Introduction to Embedded Systems The build process for embedded systems- Structural units in Embedded processor, selection of processor & memory devices- DMA Memory management methods- Timer and Counting devices, Watchdog Timer, Real Time Clock, In circuit emulator, Target Hardware Debugging. PART A Q.No Questions BT Level Competence 1. How embedded systems are different from conventional PC? 2. What is the need of watch dog timer? 3. Examine the real time requirements of embedded systems. 4. What are the steps involved in the build process? 5. Differentiate between editor and compiler. 6. Justify how suitable memory will be selected for the design of the embedded system. 7. Assess the role of additional structural units in advanced embedded processor. 8. What are the different modes of DMA transfer? Which one is suitable for embedded system? 9. the functional requirements of embedded systems. 10. List out the states of timer. 11. How does a program reside in ROM in embedded systems? 12. Classify the various models used in embedded system design. 13. List the main components of embedded system. 14. What is an embedded real-time system? 15. List out the challenges in building an embedded system. 16. Point out some of the software s used for the detailed designing of an embedded system. 17. Classify embedded real time systems. Give an example for each. 18. Give few examples of embedded systems. 19. Give some examples for small, medium and sophisticated scale embedded systems. 20. Differentiate between host machine and target machine. PART B Q. No. Questions BT Level Competence 1. Examine how real time systems differ from conventional system. What is the necessity of real time system in embedded EC6602- EMBEDDED SYSTEMS Page 2
applications? (13) 2. List and explain the various hardware units that must be present in the embedded systems. (13) 3. (i) Summarize the various form of memories present in an embedded system.(6) (ii) Discuss the software tools in designing of an embedded system. (7) 4. (i) Quote in brief about the possible steps involved in the Embedded System build process.(7) (ii) Discuss about the structural units in embedded processor and how a processor is selected for embedded application.(6) 5. Explain the need for memory management. Explain about memory management in an embedded system. (13) 6. Demonstrate in detail about the different embedded Processors in a system. (13) 7. Explain the different types of single purpose processors. (13) 8. Explain the different modules of modern embedded system.(13) 9. (i) Summarize the types and applications of embedded systems.(6) (ii) Evaluate the function of different memory management methods.(7) 10. (i) Explain how suitable processor and memory devices are (ii) selected for an embedded system design.(7) Explain the function of timing and counting devices in embedded systems.(6) 11. With neat diagram, explain the working of Direct Memory Access (DMA) and mention the memory management methods.(13) 12. (i) Discuss in detail exemplary applications of each type of embedded system.(7) (ii) Discuss the function of In-Circuit emulator. (6) 13. the role and importance of following in an embedded system (i).watchdog Timer, (ii). Real Time Clock (7+6) 14. (i) Explain about the design process for an embedded system. (7) (ii) Discuss about the applications of hardware units and devices in an embedded system.(6) PART C 1. the challenges in embedded systems.(15) 2. Elucidate the selection of processor and memory for any one embedded applications with suitable diagram in detail. (15) 3. about the performance of an embedded system, based on the special software techniques that are considered by embedded system programmers, when developing software for the application.(15) EC6602- EMBEDDED SYSTEMS Page 3
4. List the need for watchdog timer in an embedded application. Explain how it protects the system with an example.(15) UNIT II - EMBEDDED NETWORKING Embedded Networking: Introduction, I/O Device Ports & Buses Serial Bus communication protocols -RS232 standard RS422 RS485 - CAN Bus -Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) Inter Integrated Circuits (I2C) need for device drivers. PART A Q.No. Questions BT Level Competence 1. What are the classifications of I/O devices? 2. Differentiate between serial port and parallel port. 3. Define half-duplex and full duplex communication. 4. Give the limitations of polling technique. 5. Compare parallel port interfaces for keypad, printer, LCDcontroller and touch screen. 6. Point out characteristics of synchronous communication. 7. What are the four types of data transfer used in USB? 8. Comprehend the main features of PCI and PCI/X bus. 9. the three ways of communication for a device. 10. Mention the main features of CAN bus. 11. What is CAN Bus? 12. How SPI differed from other serial interfaces? 13. Mention the features of CAN and SPI serial interfaces. 14. Justify Why device drivers are necessary for interfacing a device with a processor. 15. What is meant by I 2 C? 16. Expand SPI and point out the operating speed of SPI. 17. Classify between device register and device address. 18. Justify the advantages of SPI protocol. 19. MISO and MOSI in SPI protocol. 20. Assess the transmission rates of I 2 C. PART B Q. No. Questions BT Level Competence 1. (i) Draw the CAN data frame format and explain protocol.(7) BTL 5 Evaluate EC6602- EMBEDDED SYSTEMS Page 4
(ii) Explain why PCI/X buses are used for high speed data PCI/X bus.(6) 2. Mention the features of buses and common modes used in serial communication and explain them.(13) 3. the features and explain RS232, RS422, RS485 standards.(13) 4. Describe about the allocation of memory to program segments, blocks and memory map of a system. (13) 5. Describe about the single master single slave implementation of SPI and single master multiple slave implementations. (13) 6. Examine the functions of device drivers and interrupt se mechanisms employed in it. (13) 7. Write short notes on the applications of : (i) RS 232 standard (5) (ii). CAN bus(4) (iii). Inter Integrated Circuits Bus(4) 8. (i) Explain the functions of device drivers. (7) (ii) List out the steps involved in writing a device driver.(6) 9. Discuss about SPI communication protocol and its interfacing techniques. (13) 10. Explain how serial data transfer is performed in I 2 C bus. Also brief the steps involved in transfer of a byte using I 2 C bus.(13) 11. With all necessary sketches to enable intra communications among peripheral using I2C bus.(13) 12. Briefly explain about input/output device ports and (i) buses.(9) (ii) Compare RS 232,RS 422,and RS485.(4) 13. Explain the need and working of the following: (i) MAX 232 (7) (ii). Device Drivers(6) 14. Describe the features of CAN bus and Comment on its message frames.(13) PART C 1. Illustrate in detail about merits and demerits of Synchronous, ISO-Synchronous and Asynchronous communication for serial device.(15) 2. Analyse that how serial communication protocols are used for embedded networking.(15) 3. the requirements list for industrial standard serial communication protocol.(15) 4. the need for UART in detail for embedded networking.(15) BTL 5 Evaluate EC6602- EMBEDDED SYSTEMS Page 5
UNIT- III EMBEDDED FIRMWARE DEVELOPMENT Embedded Product Development Life Cycle- objectives, different phases of EDLC, Modelling of EDLC; issues in Hardware-software Co-design, Data Flow Graph, state machine model, Sequential Program Model, concurrent Model, object oriented Model. PART A Q.No Questions BT Level Competence 1. List the objectives of Embedded product Development Life Cycle. 2. Point out the basic concept of EDLC 3. What is the process involved in Co design? 4. Why EDLC is essential in embedded systems? 5. Predict the aim of product development in embedded systems. 6. List the role of quality in embedded product development. 7. Discuss the importance of budget allocation in EDLC. 8. List out the different phases of EDLC. 9. Draw the classic embedded product development life cycle model. 10. Examine the necessity of Product re-engineering. 11. Define conceptualization. 12. Discuss about linear /waterfall model. 13. Mention the issues in hardware software co-design. 14. Compare iterative /incremental/foundation EDLC model. 15. What is state machine model? 16. Mention different model used for the development of an embedded system.. 17. how will you describe a system as a state machine model. 18. Classify the difference between state machine model and sequential model. 19. Justify the features of concurrent state machine model. 20. Propose the best suited circumstances of object oriented model for embedded design. PART B Q. No. Questions BT Level Competence 1. the different computational models in embedded system design. (13) 2. Describe sequential program model with an example.(13) EC6602- EMBEDDED SYSTEMS Page 6
3. (i) Justify the merits of hardware software co-design.(4) (ii) Explain the fundamental issues in hardware software codesign.(9) 4. (i) Discuss object oriented programming model for embedded system design.(7) (ii) Explain the importance of object oriented model and its features.(6) 5. (i) What is the difference between Data Flow Graph and (ii) Control data flow graph?(5) Explain their significance in embedded system design.(8) 6. Show the different phases of EDLC and summarize the various approaches of EDLC.(13) 7. What is state and state machine? Describe the role of state machine in embedded system design.(13) 8. Discuss the role of hardware software co-design in computational model.(13) 9. Examine the classic embedded product development life cycle model and discuss about conceptualization.(13) 10. Illustrate with an example the phenomenon of Linear/waterfall model in embedded system design. (13) 11. With suitable example, explain about the state machine of an Automatic chocolate Vending Machine. (13) 12. Illustrate with functional description about the different phases of Embedded system life cycle model.(13) 13. Explain the following : (i). Data Flow Graph (DFG)model.(7) (ii). Controlled Data Flow Graph (CDFG) model.(6) 14. Explain the merits and demerits of Sequential Program Model, concurrent Model.(13) PART C 1. Develop the hardware/ software design flow in detail highlighting the similarity between the activities followed in each design. (15) 2. Write the needs of scheduling policies in Embedded Product Development Life Cycle. (15) 3. Develop the list for various issues related with design of embedded system for automotive applications. (15) 4. a computational model any one embedded system application with the role of hardware software co-design. (15) EC6602- EMBEDDED SYSTEMS Page 7
UNIT IV RTOS BASED EMBEDDED SYSTEM DESIGN Introduction to basic concepts of RTOS- Task, process & threads, interrupt routines in RTOS, Multiprocessing and Multitasking, Preemptive and non-preemptive scheduling, Task communication shared memory, message passing-, Inter process Communication synchronization between processes-semaphores, Mailbox, pipes, priority inversion, priority inheritance, comparison of Real time Operating systems: Vx Works, чc/os-ii, RT Linux. PART A Q.No Questions BT Level Competence 1. Compare the difference between RTOS and Operating System. 2. List any four commercial RTOS. 3. Assess when an RTOS is necessary and not necessary in an embedded system. 4. What are the functions of RTOS? 5. Differentiate process, threads and tasks. 6. What are the different states of a task? 7. Mention the consequences of context switching. 8. Mention the various shared data operating system services. 9. Distinguish between counting and binary semaphore. 10. List out the importance of pre-emptive scheduling. 11. Distinguish non pre-emptive and pre-emptive scheduling in RTOS. 12. What is shared data problem? How will you eliminate it? 13. When the error will occur when we use the semaphore? 14. Examine the importance of disability of interrupts in Embedded System. 15. the situations which lead to priority inversion? 16. How will you define active task in the context of Vx works? What are the features of Vx WORKS? 17. in detail about race condition. 18. Outline the features of RT Linux. 19. Summarize the techniques used to eliminate priority inheritance problem. 20. Justify the different ways in which a thread can be cancelled. PART B Q. No. Questions BT Level Competence 1. Explain the principle of pre-emptive and non-pre-emptive multitasking. Discuss about the scheduling algorithms suitable EC6602- EMBEDDED SYSTEMS Page 8
to these two types of multitasking. (13) 2. (i) Explain the goals of operating system services. (7) (ii) Explain the three alternative systems in RTOS for responding a hardware source call with a neat sketch. (6) 3. (i) Describe the features of Vx works RTOS. (5) (ii) Enumerate the merits and demerits of various Real time perating systems. (8) 4. Write the fifteen point strategy for synchronization between the processes, ISRs, OS functions and tasks for resource management.(13) 5. Describe the features of various Contemporary Real Time Operating Systems.(13) 6. Explain the basic concepts of RTOS. What are the different types of RTOS? Explain the features of Micro OS-II.(13) 7. Write about the use of semaphores for the critical sections of a task with necessary diagram.(13) 8. Summarize the system level and task service functions of µc/os.(13) 9. What is shared data problem? Demonstrate how shared data problem will be handled in real time system.(13) 10. Illustrate with suitable example about the use of semaphore in multitasking. What are the various semaphore operations? (13) 11. Explain how the interrupt routines are handled by RTOS and illustrate the features of Vx Works. (13) 12. Explain the terminologies Semaphores, Mail box, pipes and shared memory in RTOS. (13) 13. (i) Discuss about inter-process communication.(7) (ii) Explain in detail about context switching.(6) 14. (i) Describe in detail about RT Linux RTOS.(7) (ii) Describe about task creation, management and scheduling in µc/os-ii.(6) PART C 1. the factors that an embedded system designer should consider to help him to decide which RTOS is appropriate for his application. (15) 2. Develop the list of points to be considered for the selection of RTOS for various embedded applications. Give some known design examples.(15) 3. Explain the scheduler in which RTOS insert into the list and the ready task for sequential execution in a co-operative round robin model.(15) 4. the uses of Semaphores for a Task or for the Critical Sections of a Task.(15) BTL 5 Evaluate EC6602- EMBEDDED SYSTEMS Page 9
UNIT V EMBEDDED SYSTEM APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT Case Study of Washing Machine- Automotive Application- Smart card System Application PART A Q.No Questions BT Level Competence 1. Mention the importance of sensors and actuators in embedded applications. 2. Identify the importance of temperature and level sensor in washing machine. 3. Describe the different models of washing machines. 4. Differentiate between top loading and front loading in washing machine application. 5. Name the different phases of operations of washing machine. 6. Mention the importance of input interface and output interface in Washing machine. 7. Compare High Speed Electronic Control Unit and Low Speed Electronic Control Unit. 8. Classify the various components used in smart card application. 9. What are the events involved in smart card application? 10. List out the different types of memories used in contactless smart card. 11. Comment on charge pump circuit in smart card. 12. Outline the role of processor in smart card. 13. List some applications of embedded system. 14. Point out the requirements of Adaptive cruise control in a car. 15. What is adaptive control? How does adaptive control algorithm differ from feedback proportional control? 16. Examine the features of OS in automobile applications? 17. How do you identify an application that would benefit from using a smart card? 18. List the features needed in the OS for a smart card. 19. Point out the advantage of encryption when using a fabrication key, personalization key, utilization lock and PIN? 20. a block diagram for Automatic washing machine. PART B Q.No Questions BT Level Competence 1. Discuss the role of an embedded application which provides extensive support in home automation. (13) 2. With neat diagram explain the functionality of Automatic washing machine. (13) EC6602- EMBEDDED SYSTEMS Page 10
3. Describe the various types of electronic control units employed in automotive applications. (13) 4. Describe the role of embedded system in automotive domain.(13) 5. Mention the different communication buses used in automotive applications and explain.(13). 6. Describe the architecture of a contactless smart card. (13) 7. Tabulate the requirements and functionalities of smart card communication system.(13) 8. Illustrate with neat class diagram about the task card communication in embedded system design.(13) 9. Describe the various tasks of reading ports in smart card application and explain the concept of synchronization with the port device driver.(13) 10. Generalize the tasks and ISRs required for a smart card system. Explain the actions of each and discuss the task priority assignments in a smart card system.(13) 11. Elucidate the selection of processor and memory for any one embedded applications with suitable diagram in detail.(13) 12. various steps of embedded system design with respect to design of automatic washing machine. (13) 13. Describe various issues related with design of embedded system for automotive applications.(13) 14. Elaborate on various requirements and design considerations for designing embedded system for any two applications of your choice.(13) PART C 1. List various types of memories and the application of each in the following systems: Robot, Digital camera.(15) 2. Show the appropriate diagrams explain multiple tasks and multiple processes in any one embedded based application.(15) 3. Develop the list for various issues related with design of embedded system for automotive applications. (15) BTL 5 Evaluate 4. (i) What are the major phases, an embedded product undergo? Consider a sample product for design and development and analyze the challenges faced at each phase.(10) (ii) Why should the embedded system RTOS be scalable.(5) EC6602- EMBEDDED SYSTEMS Page 11