4.7 Use Isosceles and Equilateral
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1 4.7 Use Isosceles and Equilateral Triangles oal p Use theorems about isosceles and equilateral triangles. Your Notes VOULRY Legs Vertex angle ase ase angles TEOREM 4.7: SE NLES TEOREM If two sides of a triangle are congruent, then the angles opposite them are congruent. If >, then >. TEOREM 4.8: ONVERSE OF SE NLES TEOREM If two angles of a triangle are congruent, then the sides opposite them are congruent. If >, then >. Example 1 pply the ase ngles Theorem In nf, F >. Name two congruent angles. F >, so by the ase ngles Theorem, >. F 112 Lesson 4.7 eometry Notetaking uide opyright olt McDougal. ll rights reserved.
2 4.7 Use Isosceles and Equilateral Triangles oal p Use theorems about isosceles and equilateral triangles. Your Notes VOULRY Legs The legs of an isosceles triangle are the two congruent sides. Vertex angle The vertex angle of an isosceles triangle is the angle formed by the legs. ase The base of an isosceles triangle is the side that is not a leg. ase angles The base angles of an isosceles triangle are the two angles adjacent to the base. TEOREM 4.7: SE NLES TEOREM If two sides of a triangle are congruent, then the angles opposite them are congruent. If >, then >. TEOREM 4.8: ONVERSE OF SE NLES TEOREM If two angles of a triangle are congruent, then the sides opposite them are congruent. If >, then >. Example 1 pply the ase ngles Theorem In nf, F >. Name two congruent angles. F >, so by the ase ngles Theorem, F >. F 112 Lesson 4.7 eometry Notetaking uide opyright olt McDougal. ll rights reserved.
3 The corollaries state that a triangle is equilateral if and only if it is equiangular. OROLLRY TO TE SE NLES TEOREM If a triangle is equilateral, then it is. OROLLRY TO TE ONVERSE OF SE NLES TEOREM If a triangle is equiangular, then it is. Example 2 Find measures in a triangle Find the measures of R, S, and T. R The diagram shows that nrst is. Therefore, by the orollary to the ase ngles Theorem, nrst is. So, m R 5 m S 5 m T. 3(m R) 5 Triangle Sum Theorem m R 5 Divide each side by 3. The measures of R, S, and T are all. S T Example 3 Use isosceles and equilateral triangles Find the values of x and y in the diagram. K You cannot use J to refer to LJM because three angles have J as their vertex. Step 1 Find the value of x. ecause M 8 njkl is, it is 2y also and J KL >. Therefore, x 5. x Step 2 Find the value of y. ecause JML >, LM >, and nlmj is isosceles. You know that LJ 5. LM 5 Definition of congruent segments 2y 5 Substitute 2y for LM and for LJ. y 5 Divide each side by 2. L opyright olt McDougal. ll rights reserved. Lesson 4.7 eometry Notetaking uide 113
4 The corollaries state that a triangle is equilateral if and only if it is equiangular. OROLLRY TO TE SE NLES TEOREM If a triangle is equilateral, then it is equiangular. OROLLRY TO TE ONVERSE OF SE NLES TEOREM If a triangle is equiangular, then it is equilateral. Example 2 Find measures in a triangle Find the measures of R, S, and T. R The diagram shows that nrst is equilateral. Therefore, by the orollary to the ase ngles Theorem, nrst is equiangular. So, m R 5 m S 5 m T. 3(m R) Triangle Sum Theorem m R Divide each side by 3. The measures of R, S, and T are all 608. S T Example 3 Use isosceles and equilateral triangles Find the values of x and y in the diagram. K You cannot use J to refer to LJM because three angles have J as their vertex. Step 1 Find the value of x. ecause M 8 njkl is equiangular, it is also equilateral and J KL > JL. Therefore, x y x Step 2 Find the value of y. ecause JML > LJM, LM > LJ, and nlmj is isosceles. You know that LJ 5 8. LM 5 LJ 2y 5 8 Definition of congruent segments Substitute 2y for LM and 8 for LJ. y 5 4 Divide each side by 2. L opyright olt McDougal. ll rights reserved. Lesson 4.7 eometry Notetaking uide 113
5 Example 4 Solve a multi-step problem Quilting The pattern at the right is present in a quilt. a. Explain why nd is equilateral. b. Show that n > nd. D a. y the ase ngles Theorem, D >. So, nd is. y the, nd is equilateral. b. y the ase ngles Theorem, >. So, n > nd by the. heckpoint omplete the following exercises. 1. opy and complete the statement: If F > FJ, then? >?. 2. opy and complete the statement: If nfk is equiangular and F 5 15, then K 5?. F K J 3. Use parts (a) and (b) in Example 4 to show that m D omework 114 Lesson 4.7 eometry Notetaking uide opyright olt McDougal. ll rights reserved.
6 Example 4 Solve a multi-step problem Quilting The pattern at the right is present in a quilt. a. Explain why nd is equilateral. b. Show that n > nd. D a. y the ase ngles Theorem, D > D. So, nd is equiangular. y the orollary to the onverse of ase ngles Theorem, nd is equilateral. b. y the ase ngles Theorem, >. So, n > nd by the S ongruence Theorem. heckpoint omplete the following exercises. 1. opy and complete the statement: If F > FJ, then? >?. ; J 2. opy and complete the statement: If nfk is equiangular and F 5 15, then K 5?. 15 F K J omework 3. Use parts (a) and (b) in Example 4 to show that m D nd is equiangular. So, m D 5 m D 5 m D. 3(m D) Triangle Sum Theorem m D Divide each side by 3. ecause nd is equiangular and n > nd, you know that m m D 5 m 1 m D Lesson 4.7 eometry Notetaking uide opyright olt McDougal. ll rights reserved.
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