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4 TECHNOLOGY Robots quickly swap origami jackets and tasks Remote-controlled cubes can walk, roll, sail or glide BY MARIA TEMMING Some robotic quick-change artists are taking dress for success to a whole new level. These shapeshifters can change their outer jackets in minutes. At the heart of each bot is a metal cube a few millimeters (several hundredths of an inch) across. Sheets of high-tech plastic can be tailored with cuts and heat into folded outfits that work like wings, wheels and other appendages. Depending on what outfit the bot wears, it can walk, roll or sail. Researchers use magnetism to drive the little units. Such easy-to-alter machines might one day find use in everything from surgery to space exploration. It s almost like putting clothes on the robot to give it different kinds of powers, says Daniela Rus. This roboticist helped design the new prototypes. She works at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge. She and her colleagues unveiled them online September 27 in Science Robotics. Getting dressed Key to the bots outfits are a material that shrinks when heated. (It s the same kind used in oven-bake Shrinky Dink toys.) The researchers encased this material between two sheets of polyester plastic. To get dressed, a bot is parked atop the layered sheeting. On each sheet, the researchers peel away some of the polyester to expose the heat-shrinking film. Later, when warmed to 65 Celsius (149 Fahrenheit), those exposed strips will contract, causing the entire sheet to fold. Indeed, the sheets fold into some desired shape, like the paper used to make origami animals and other structures. That s why the researchers describe their bots as donning origami outfits. Where the polyester is removed determines into what 3-D shape a heated sheet will fold. And that shape affects what job a robot can perform. For instance, one shape turns the device into a Walk-bot. When steered by a magnetic field, the bot can now totter along. Once an outfit folds to jacket a bot, four latches close. They fasten the plastic outerwear in place. And that jacket now serves as a functioning exoskeleton a scaffold that gives the bot its new function. The latches are made of a water-soluble material. So wetting them allows the robot to disrobe. Now it can suit up in something new before moving on to its next task. Future origami jackets could arm robots with drills, scissors, shovels or grippers. Such adaptable robots may be used for surgeries free of incisions, says Antoine Cully. He is a roboticist in England at Imperial College London. He was not involved in the new work. In this kind of surgery, a patient might ingest a magnetic core and various exoskeletons. A surgeon could then remotely control, from outside a patient s body, which outfit a bot put on. The magnets would then be directed to navigate the robot around the patient s body. Along the way, the mini robot could snip tissue or deliver drugs to selected cells. Shapeshifting robots also could find use in other situations. They might be especially helpful in responding to natural disasters or on space missions. Here, the bots could perform a wide range of tasks without packing lots of spare parts. s MIT CSAIL This cube-shaped robot can slip in and out of various origami jackets. That quick-change act to alter its actions represents brilliant engineering, says roboticist Antoine Cully. October 28, 2017

5 MAGAZINE OF THE SOCIETY FOR SCIENCE & THE PUBLIC MATH & TECHNOLOGY Origami outfits help bots retool Remote-controlled tiny cubes shift shapes when heated up BY MARIA TEMMING Robots are taking dress for success to a whole other level. Anewtypeofshape-shiftingrobot can undergo complete metamorphosis in a matter of minutes. The bot is composed of a simple metal cube that wraps itself in various high-tech origami sheets that fold into wings, wheels and other appendages for getting around. By donning and doffing different origami exoskeletons, the metal core can quickly switch from a walking to rolling to sailing bot and back again. It s almost like putting clothes on the robot to give it different kinds of powers, says study coauthor Daniela Rus, aroboticistatmit.suchquicklycustomizable machines, described online September 27 in Science Robotics, could be useful for everything from surgery to space manufacturing. At the heart of each tiny transformer is a magnetic cube a few millimeters across, which Rus team drove using magnetic coils of wire called solenoids as remote controls. To enclose this magnetic engine inside an origami body, the researchers parked the cube atop a flat origami sheet: a layer of heat-shrinking material (the same kind used to make Shrinky Dinks) sandwiched between two panes of polyester. Along the fold lines, the researchers had peeled away strips of polyester to expose the shrinking film. When a heating pad underneath the origami sheet reached 65 Celsius, the heat-shrinking material along the creases contracted, causing the sheet to fold into a 3-D body, dubbed Walk-bot, that allowed the bot to amble. Rus team then used the same method to encompass the Walk-bot body inside other origami exoskeletons to create a bigger Walk-bot, Wheel-bot, Boat-bot or Glider-bot. Once the robot was all suited up, Rus and colleagues used the solenoids to make it walk or roll, sail on water or glide through the air. The outer exoskeletons were fastened into place with four latches made of water-soluble material, allowing the Walk-bot to shuck its origami outerwear by getting these clasps wet. Then, leaving the used exoskeleton behind, Walk-bot could enfold itself in a new origami body. Future exoskeleton designs could arm robots with drills, scissors, shovels or grippers. Such adaptable robots may be used for incision-free surgery, says Antoine Cully, a roboticist at Imperial College London who was not involved in the study. A patient could ingest a magnetic core and various exoskeletons, which a surgeon would then remotely control from outside the body. Shape-shifting robots could also be useful in other situations where they must perform a wide range of tasks without packing lots of spare parts, like during emergency response operations in natural disasters or for space manufacturing. s This small robot puts on different origami exoskeletons so it can (clockwise from top left) walk, glide, roll or sail. Such bots could someday aid in surgery, disaster response or space manufacturing. MIT CSAIL SCIENCE NEWS October 28, 2017

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SPARE CONNECTORS KTM 2014

SPARE CONNECTORS KTM 2014 SPAREPARTSCATALOG: // ENGINE ART.-NR.: 3208201EN CONTENT CONNECTORS FOR WIRING HARNESS AA-AN CONNECTORS FOR WIRING HARNESS AO-BC CONNECTORS FOR WIRING HARNESS BD-BQ CONNECTORS FOR WIRING HARNESS BR-CD