Canadian Fuze Program. F. Côté and E. Gagnon TTCP TP-7 Workshop on Fuzes Kansas City, MO, 14 May 2010

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2 Canadian Fuze Program F. Côté and E. Gagnon TTCP TP-7 Workshop on Fuzes Kansas City, MO, 14 May 2010 Defence Research and Development Canada Recherche et développement pour la défense Canada Canada

3 Presentation Plan Self-destruct device Fuze modelling Course correction fuzing (CCF)

4 RIGHTTRAC Technology Demonstration Program Green/IM propellant More reliable fuzing system with self destruct mechanism Fuze Objective: Green/IM explosive RIGHTTRAC TD will demonstrate that green and IM munitions have better properties than current munitions and that it is feasible to implement a solution that would ease the environmental pressure on CF ranges and training areas (RTAs), and decrease the health hazards for the users.

5 Fuze Sub-System Objective: Develop of a self-destruct capability to current artillery fuzing system in case of a failure of the primary fuze (due to operator handling or soft impacts or age-related failures). Implementation of the self-destruct device (SDD) in the existing C32A1 multi-options fuze for artillery (MOFA). SDD located in booster cup

6 Main Components of Self-Destruct Device Piezo-generator instead of a battery Low Energy Exploding Foil Initiator (LEEFI) as a detonator MEMS accelerometer Microcontroller

7 Fuze Project Status Technical Assistance Agreement (TAA) approved by U.S. State department allowing GD-OTS to work with Perkin Elmer Main circuit components were delivered (sensors, Blue chip detonator, etc.) Preliminary drawings were made to verify available space and possible configurations inside the fuze

8 Precision Effects Chain Analytical Framework, PRA 13ni Clients: CFAWC/AFEC Project Manager: M Lauzon Delivery by: DRDC Valcartier, Start-End: April 2008 March 2011 Objectives: Develop analytical framework(capdem,dsto WSAF) Precision weapons analysis M&S reqts, gaps, investment plan, implementation Precision effect chain analysis M&S reqts, gaps, investment plan, implementation Trade-off analysis of future (5-10yr) effect chains concepts, and benefits re. current Outputs and Deliverables: Demonstrated analytical framework (DSTO WSAF) Final report Weapon analysis capability requirements, status, gaps and roadmap Current & proposed EC concepts, trade, sensitivity analyses Objective precision effect chain M&S capability Desired Outcome: Improved ability to analyze, characterize and manage Defence effect R&D Canada chains for R & precision D pour la défense targeting Canada and engagement of critical targets in challenging environments

9 Fuze Modelling RF Seeker & Fuze Populate our M&S framework with various fuze models Use of KTA 7-17 architecture to implement seeker and fuze models

10 Fuze Modelling (cont d) Geometry RCS Prediction l c r c Target x c Closest point of approach Radar trajectory +30 m Pirates (Dstl) Modified PO z c y r x r 0 m Radar position Angle between cylinder and trajectory -50 m Use of near-field radar signatures Distance from CPA (m) Use of ellipsoid vulnerability model (KTA 7-12) for quick analysis and SLAMS for detailed analysis

11 12qj - Concepts for Artillery Precision Guided Munitions DRDC Valcartier Project duration: April 2006 March 2010 Sponsor: DLR 2 under TAG ACT 12qj Objectives: Develop a modeling and experimentation environment that enable APGM concept evaluation and trade-off studies on sub-155mm munitions. Predict optimized APGM configuration and quantify inter-relationships between the components, sources of error and system performance. Key outcomes: In-depth knowledge on guidance and autopilot software development for a state-of-the-art GPS/IMU device. Catalog of airframe and control surface concepts for a family of APGM concepts. Development of precision guided gun-launched projectile concepts with associated performance predictions. Directional warhead concepts.

12 Example of Course Correction Fuzes 1-DOF Concepts SPACIDO 2-DOF Concepts LCCM Projectile with CCF United Defense CCF

13 Course-Correction-Fuze Concepts Study Roll-Decoupled CCF with Canards CCF with a Drag Brake CCF with a Spin Brake All these CCF concepts were driven with continuous feedback guidance and control External dynamic forces were determined and applied on the projectile nose

14 Guidance and Control Functions Roll-Decoupled CCF with Canards Projectile x-position Expected y and z-position Expected pitch and yaw rates + - Guidance * *, n q n r Control F * y, Fz* Airframe Projectile pitch and yaw rates q * and r * Projectile y and z-position Only some points of the reference ballistic profiles need to be stored in the CCF computer at launch. These points are interpolated in flight with piecewise cubic splines to generate the complete profiles.

15 Guidance and Control Functions CCF with a Drag Brake Projectile flown time Expected covered distance Expected velocity + - Guidance V n Control F x Airframe Projectile velocity V Projectile covered distance h Only some points of the reference ballistic profiles need to be stored in the CCF computer at launch. These points are interpolated in flight with piecewise cubic splines to generate the complete profiles.

16 Guidance and Control Functions CCF with a Spin Brake Projectile x-position Expected y-position Expected roll rate Projectile flown time + - Guidance p n Control F s Airframe Projectile roll rate p Projectile y-position Only some points of the reference ballistic profiles need to be stored in the CCF computer at launch. These points are interpolated in flight with piecewise cubic splines to generate the complete profiles.

17 Simulation Results Muzzle velocity Std = 2m/s Azimuth & Elevation Std = 0.5 mils Wind velocities Std = 2m/s All sources Miss distances 200 rounds on each graph

18 Simulation Results (cont d) Muzzle velocity Std = 2m/s Azimuth & Elevation Std = 0.5 mils Wind velocities Std = 2m/s All sources Miss distances 200 rounds on each graph

19 Simulation Results (cont d) PE of the CCF concepts studied without actuator saturation limit. Longitudinal PE (m) Lateral PE (m) Muzzle velocity Gun orientation Perturbations Wind All No CCF CCF with drag brake CCF with spin brake CCF with drag brake and spin brake Roll-decoupled CCF + four canards Roll-decoupled CCF + four canards + drag brake

20 Summary of the simulation results Course correction fuzes provide an effective solution for munition control. Meteorological conditions (wind) can have a high effect on the projectile dispersion at impact. A CCF combining the drag and spin brakes was found to be a better overall choice than the other configurations studied.

21 Future CCF work To perform an extensive study to determine the correction capacity and the critical source of dispersion by varying: Nominal firing conditions (muzzle velocity, gun elevation, range & bearing disturbances) Wind conditions (headwind and crosswind) Guidance delay Gun orientation

22 Conclusion Development of a self-destruct device Development of M&S fuze models Extensive study underway to determine the correction capacity and the critical sources of dispersion of CCF concepts

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