Touch Sensing with" Time Domain Reflectometry!

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1 LFE Medieninformatik Markus Zimmermann! Touch Sensing with"! Advisor: Raphael Wimmer! Professor: Prof. Dr. Heinrich Hußmann! Markus Zimmermann! ! Slide 1!

2 MINIATURISED DEVICES! REQUIREMENTS FOR PROTOTYPES:! SMALL / ANY SHAPE / TANGIBLE / TOUCH RECOGNITION! MOTIVATION! Markus Zimmermann! ! Slide 2!

3 Source: Oleg Alexandrov [1] SIGNAL TIME DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY! INTRODUCTION! DISCONTINUITY Capacitive / Inductive / Resistive Literature: Rako2007, Agilent2006, Cole1977, Schmitt1999 Markus Zimmermann! ! Slide 3!

4 PRESENT USAGE!!Wiring maintainance" communication, aviation!!agricultural and geotechnical" moisture, slope movement!!semiconductor/circuit analysis!!new Approach: " Touch Sensing! Illustrations: Photocase (toki/pischare) [3,5], Businessweek [4], Tektronix [2] Markus Zimmermann! ! Slide 4!

5 REFLECTIONS! TERMINATION!! Short Circuit! DISCONTINUITIES!! Shunt Capacitance!! Open Circuit!! Series Inductance!! Matched Load!! Combinations of capacitive and inductive! Source: Tektronix [2] Markus Zimmermann! ! Slide 5!

6 HARDWARE: TEKTRONIX 1502! CHARACTERISTICS!! 1975!! Peak: " 140 ps risetime!! Resolution: " 10 mm separable! Markus Zimmermann! ! Slide 6!

7 ACQUISITION! FILTER! SMOOTHING! MAPPING! DETECTION! CALIBRATION! STAGES! SIGNAL ANALYSIS! Markus Zimmermann! ! Slide 7!

8 FIREFLY! CAMERA CAPTURING! 1. ACQUISITION! OPENCV " IMAGE ANALYSIS! NOISE DISCONTINUITY MEASURED WIRE Markus Zimmermann! ! Slide 8!

9 2. MOVING AVERAGE FILTER!! HF peak attenuation!! Extrema better locatable!! Imagewise jitter remains! Markus Zimmermann! ! Slide 9!

10 3. ADAPTIVE AVERAGE SMOOTHING! SIGNAL VALUE TIME AVERAGE FRAME Markus Zimmermann! ! Slide 10!

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14 »NICE. BUT: HOW DOES IT FEEL?«! APPLICATIONS! Markus Zimmermann! ! Slide 14!

15 »WIRE«!! Unshielded " two-core wire!! Short-circuit termination performs best! Markus Zimmermann! ! Slide 15!

16 Markus Zimmermann! ! Source: Raphael Wimmer Slide 16!

17 »SNAKE«! FIRST PCB DESIGN!! coplanar waveguide!! Behavior test" Material" Insulation" Curves!! Raw with big gaps!!chi-fang Huang (Huang2009)! Markus Zimmermann! ! Slide 17!

18 Markus Zimmermann! ! Source: Raphael Wimmer Slide 18!

19 »HILBERT«! SPACE-FILLING CURVE!! Spatial resolution increased! MITRED BENDS!! Reflections reduced! Markus Zimmermann! ! Slide 19!

20 Markus Zimmermann! ! Slide 20!

21 USE CASES: OUTLOOK!!Wiring 3D Objects!!Transparent: ITO coating!!wearable: conductive twine!!gaming: guitar!!guidance: user tracing! Markus Zimmermann! ! Slide 21!

22 DISCUSSION! PROTOTYPING TECHNIQUE!! Noise!! HF interferences!! Limited resolution:" A#ordable!! Good resolution:" Expensive! GSM/EDGE Markus Zimmermann! ! Slide 22!

23 Markus Zimmermann! ! Slide 23!

24 !! REFERENCES & SOURCES! Huang2006: Huang C, Hung Y. P-53: Precise Location of Touch Panel by Employing the Time-Domain Reflectometry. SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers ! Rako2007: Rako P. TDR: taking the pulse of signal integrity. Electronics Design, Strategy, News !! Agilent2006: Agilent. Theory. Agilent; 2006.!! Cole1977: Cole RH. Time domain reflectometry. Annual review of physical chemistry. 1977;28(1): !!! Schmitt1999: Schmitt R. Analyze transmission lines with (almost) no math. EDN. 1999;44(6): ! Tektronix2008: Tektronix. TDR Impedance Measurements : A Foundation for Signal Integrity. Tektronix; 2008.! 1.! 2.! [Tektronix2008]! 3.! 4.! 5.! Markus Zimmermann! ! Slide 24!

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