1. Description of RBbasic2K4 Lite Program

Transcription

1 1. Description of RBbasic2K4 Lite Program In this paragraph, let's study the commands using at RBbasic2k4. It is based on the previous BASIC commands. You should know each command's function and use method to control freely them. But, because these are simple, you can master them. It provides an arrangement declaration to two-dimension as the command for variable and constant. Each command is as follows : 1.1 Command related to variable/constant command description remark DIM Variables are declared using DIM statement AS Variables are defined when variable declaration CONST Constant Declaration BYTE Define the variables as Bite type INTEGER Define the variables as Integer type 1.2 Command related program flow control command description remark IF ~ THEN If the condition is true, execute the command defined after THEN ENDIF define the end of IF sentence FOR repeat the command as the setting quantity TO define the initial range of the condition sentence NEXT go to next sentence ON separate the routine at condition GOTO jumo to row want to go GOSUB subroutine calls RETURN return from sub-routine to main program END end the program 1.3 Command related to input/output command description remark IN read the port status OUT output the port status as HIGH/LOW signal BYTEOUT byte output command TOGGLE toggle the present signal from port PULSE toggle the output for short time as pulse 1.4 Logical operation Command command description remark AND logical product OR logical sum XOR Exclusive logical sum

2 MOD convert into constant by taking the remainder when dividing by constant 1.5 Servo motor control command command description remark ISERVOINIT initialize the module servo motor ISERVO control the module servo motor 2. Example for using each command DIM... AS Function : It defines the Variables Structure : DIM [Variable Name] AS [Variable Type] DIM [] AS [Variable Type], [Variable Name] AS [Variable Type],.. Description : all variables should be defined with DIM command. The variables definition by DIM always uses the AS together. The defined variable name does not distinguish capital letter from minuscule. DIM I AS INTEGER DIM J AS BYTE define I variable as Integer type define J variable as Byte type CONST Function : Constants can be assigned to symbolic names using CONST directive Structure : CONST [Constant Name] = Constant

3 Description : Once the constant is defined, it can be used in whole module. It's never changed. It is efficient to generate the code rather than that of variables. It is easy to do a correction. IF?THEN IF?TH EN IF...THEN Function : change the control sequence as the result of the condition Structure : IF [condition1] THEN [Sentence] {ELSEIF [condition2] THEN [Sentence]} {ELSE [Sentence]} ENDIF Description : Constants can be used in decimal number system with no special marks. There is a benefit to use constant in lieu of variable as constant as follows.... NEXT I NEXT J It can go out from FOR... NEXT sentence but cannot come into FOR...NEXT sentence from outside. FOR I=1 TO 10 GOTO 40 IF I=5 THEN GOTO 20 FOR

4 IF... THEN Function : It chnages the sequence in accordance with the result of the condition. Structure : IF [condition1] THEN [Sentence] {ELSEIF [condition2] THEN [Sentence]} {ELSE [Sentence]} ENDIF Description : If IF THEN sentence is executed, it examine the condition sentence of initial IF sentence is true. If it FALSE, it examines each the condition sentence of ELSEIF sentence or execute the ELSE sentence. In this case, ELSEIF sentence can be used as required, or not used. If IF sentence of RBbasic2K4 is true, related THEN's next command sentence start to execute until the command sentence next ELSEIF or before ELSE. Then without more condition inspection, execute the next command next to ENDIF. If IF sentence and execution sentence is simple, it is possible to write them at one line. IF A > 0 THEN B = 5 FOR... NEXT Function : As executing a program, repeating variables increases at one and do the repetitive work. Structure : FOR [ Repeat Variables] = [Start] TO [End] { Sentence}

5 NEXT {[ Repeat Variables]} Description : Repeat Variables is a variable to count how many it repeats. Start is a initial figure defined, END is final figure to end the repetition. In AVRBasic2000, the END of repeat variables must be larger than that of START and it increase the repeat variable as one. There is a rule to use FOR... NEXT sentence at AVRBasic2000. FOR...NEXT sentence can be used in another FOR...NEXT sentence. GOTO Function : Jump to the defined row without condition. Structure : [Row Label] Description : GOTO sentence jumps to the row label defined and the row label must be defined in program. If there are many GOVT sentences in program, it is very difficult to understand the program. So it is recommended to use constructed control commands(for...next, IF..THEN...ELSE). Example of Program

6 ON... GOTO Function : jump to random row in the several defined rows in accordance with the variables vaules Structure : Variables [row label list] Description : Variables is used to define the special row in the list of row lable and its value determines to which row the program control jumps. For example, if variable's value is 3, it lead to jump to 3rd defined row. Row label list is a array of row label distinguished as comma. DIM A AS INTERGER A = 2 ON A GOTO 10,20,30, If 'A's value is 1, do it If 'A's value is 2, do it If 'A's value is 3, do it If 'A's value is 4, do it.

7 GOSUB... RETURN Function : It execute to jump to subroutine and return back from subroutine. Structure : [ROW LABEL]. [ROW LABEL]. RETURN Description : Subroutine is defined at one time about the routines which are used many times in the program. This subroutine decrease the size of the program, and make a efficient program editing. It can call another subroutine from internal subroutine. If possible, it is better to avoid the complex redundant call of routines to prevent it from happening internal modules' errors. Example of Program

8 OUT Function : It outputs 1bit's data to input/output port. Structure : [Port Number] Data] Description : it output the data through the input/output port of module and the data is valid only for 0 or 1 bit's data. So, for byte type and interger type, it depends on the last 0 th bit value. IN 1, A 'read the data at port number 1' IF A=0 THEN OUT 2, 1 ELSE OUT 3,1 ;If the value of port number 1 is 0, then output HIGH at port number 2. ;If the value of port number 1 is 1, then output HIGH at port number 3. TOGGLE Function : It toggles the output condition of specific port. Structure : TOGGLE [port number] Description : It toggles the output condition. If the output is LOW, it change the output as HIGH, if it is HIGH,it makes the output as LOW. TOGGLE 1 ' If port number 1 is "HIGH" signal, it change it as "LOW" signal. ' If port number 1 is "LOW" signal, it change it as "HIGH" signal. BYTEOUT Function : it output as byte unit Structure : BYTEOUT port block number, Variables/constant Description :

9 BYTEOUT command outputs signals to 8 ports at one time. If this command is used, the all defined port blocks become output condition and can not be used as other usage. I=125 BYTEOUT 0, I ' Output I's content to 0th block. IN Function : it input a signal from setting port. Structure : IN port number,byte Variables Description: Example of Program DIM I AS BYTE 'Set the Variable I as byte type IN 1, I 'Save a signal from the port 1 at Variable I AND Function : It is an arithmetic operator makes AND arithmetic result of numerical expression Structure : [numerical expression1] AND [numerical expression2] Description : The variable, constant and figure can be used at numerical expression 1 and 2. AND operator make the operation result of AND between numerical expression 1 and 2. DIM I AS INTEGER I=50

10 I=I AND 4 ' After doing AND operation of the I and 4, save the result into I. OUT 2, I 'Put out the value of variable I. OR Function : It is an arithmetic operator makes OR arithmetic result of numerical expression Structure : [numerical expression 1] OR [numerical expression 2] Description : The variable, constant and figure can be used at numerical expression 1 and 2. OR operator make the operation result of OR between numerical expression 1 and 2. DIM I AS INTEGER I=12 I=I AND 4 ' After doing OR operation of the I and 4, save the result into I. OUT 2, I 'Put out the value of variable I. XOR Function : It is an arithmetic operator makes XOR arithmetic result of numerical expression Structure : [numerical expression1] XOR [numerical expression2] Description :

11 ISERVOINIT Function : It initialized the servo motor if you have the module's port operate the servo motor directly. Structure : ISERVOINT [1 번 servo initial value], [2 번 servo initial value],... Description : ISERVOINT 20, 30, 40, 20, 20, 20 30, #3 servo is initialized with 40. 'the servo of the module's port1 is 20, #2 servo is ISERVO Function : It changes the servo motor's value if you have the module's port operate the servo motor directly. Structure : ISERVO [servo number],[servo value] Description : It gives the initial value of the servo and start the servo function included in the module. But, it should not be given over the servo quantity. ISERVOINT 20, 30, 40 'the servo of the module's port1 is 20, #2 servo is 30, #3 servo is initialized with 40. ISERVO 1, 150 Outport Servo Degree(150) to Servo 1 3. Other element

12 Before testing LED, it is necessary to install a resistor at LED. If the LED is connected directly at a battery, it may be destroyed. So you should install 330 ohms resistor at LED's plus leg to decrease the voltage of LED. When connecting it to module, '+' should be connected at VCC of module and "-" at the control line of the module. [Figure 3.1] LED connecting at the module The buzzer also has a polarity, but it is not necessary to install a resistor such as a LED. The way connecting at the module is the same as the way of LED's. [Figure 3.2] Buzzer connecting at the module