Automating with STEP 7 in STL

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Automating with STEP 7 in STL"

Randell Henderson
6 years ago
Views:

1 Automating with STEP 7 in STL SIMATICS 7-300/400 Programmable Controllers by Hans Berger Publicis MCD Verlag

Contents Introduction 16 1 SIMATIC S 7-300/400 Programmable Controller 17 1.1 Structure of the Programmable Controller 17 1.1.1 Components 17 1.1.2 S7-300 Station 17 1.1.3 S7-400 Station 17 1.1.4 Distributed I/O 19 1.

2 Contents Introduction 16 1 SIMATIC S 7-300/400 Programmable Controller Structure of the Programmable Controller Components S7-300 Station S7-400 Station Distributed I/O Communications Configuring Modules Signal Path Slot Address Logical Module Address User Data Area CPU Memory Areas User Memory Memory Card System Memory Address Areas in System Memory STEP 7 Programming Software STEP 7 Basic Package Installation Authorization SIMATIC Manager Projects and Libraries On-lineHelp Editing Projects Creating Projects Rearranging, Managing and Archiving Project Versions Configuring Stations Arranging Modules Addressing Modules Parameterizing Modules Configuring Communication Connections Networking Modules with MPI Configuring DP Communication Configuring GD Communication Configuring SFB Communication Network Configuration Developing Programs Symbol Table Editor Reference Data Rewiring Debugging Programs Connecting a PLC CPU Information Loading the User Program into the CPU Block Handling Determining the Cause of a STOP Monitoring, Modifying and Forcing Variables Program Status 48 3 The STL Programming Language Program Processing Program Processing Methods Priority Classes Specifications for Program Processing Blocks Block Types Block Structure Block Properties Programming Blocks Structure of an STL Statement Addressing Variables Programming Blocks with the Incremental Editor Programming Source-File-Oriented Blocks Example of a Function Block with Instance Data Block 67

3.4 Variables and Constants 67 3.4.1 General Remarks Concerning Variables 67 3.4.2 General Remarks Regarding Data Types 68 3.4.3 Elementary Data Types 68 3.4.4 Complex Data Types 69 3.4.5 User Data Types 70 3.

3 3.4 Variables and Constants General Remarks Concerning Variables General Remarks Regarding Data Types Elementary Data Types Complex Data Types User Data Types Parameter Types 70 Basic Functions 71 4 Binary Logic Operation Processing a Binary Logic Operation Elementary Binary Logic Operations AND Function OR Function Exclusive OR Function Allowing for the Sensor Type Negating the Result of the Logic Operation Compound Binary Logic Operations Processing Nesting Expressions Combining AND Functions According to OR Combining OR and Exclusive OR Functions According to AND Combining AND Functions According to Exclusive OR Combining OR Functions and Exclusive OR Functions Negating Nesting Expressions Memory Functions Assign Set and Reset RS Flipflop Function Memory Functions with Reset Priority Memory Function with Set Priority Memory Function in a Binary Logic Operation Edge Evaluation Positive Edge Negative Edge Testing a Pulse Memory Bit Edge Evaluation in a Binary Logic Operation Binary Scaler Example of a Conveyor Belt Control System 88 6 Transfer Functions (Move Functions) General Remarks on Loading and Transferring Data Load Functions General Representation of a Load Function Loading the Contents of Memory Locations Loading Constants Transfer Functions General Representation of a Transfer Function Transferring to Various Memory Areas Accumulator Functions Direct Transfers Between Accumulators Exchange bytes in accumulator System Functions for Data Transfer Copying a data area Filling a data area 99 7 Timer Function Programming a Timer Starting a Timer Specifying the Time Resetting and Enabling a Timer Checking a Timer Sequence of Timer Instructions Pulse Timers Extended Pulse Timers On-Delay Timers Retentive On-Delay Timers Off-Delay Timers Counter Functions Setting and Resetting Counters Counting Checking a Counter

8.4 Enabling a Counter 111 8.5 Sequence of Counter Instructions.. 112 8.6 Parts Counter Example 113 Digital Functions 116 9 Comparison Functions 117 9.

4 8.4 Enabling a Counter Sequence of Counter Instructions Parts Counter Example 113 Digital Functions Comparison Functions General Representation of a Comparison Function Description of the Comparison Functions Comparison Function in a Logic Operation Arithmetic Functions General Representation of an Arithmetic Function Calculating with Data Type INT Calculating with Data Type DINT Calculating with Data Type REAL Successive Arithmetic Functions Adding Constants to Accumulator Decrementing and Incrementing Math Functions Processing a Math Function Trigonometrie Functions Are Functions Other Math Functions Conversion Functions Processing a Conversion Function Converting INT and DINT Numbers Converting BCD Numbers Converting REAL Numbers Other Conversion Functions Shift Functions Processing a Shift Function Shifting Rotating Word Logic Processing a Word Logic Instruction Description of the Word Logic Instructions 141 Program Flow Control Status Bits Description of the Status Bits Setting the Status Bits and the Binary Flags Evaluating the Status Bit Using the Binary Result Jump Functions Programming a Jump Function Unconditional Jump Jump Functions with RLO and BR Jump Functions with CC0 and CC Jump Functions with OV and OS Jump Distributor Loop Jump Master Control Relay MCR Dependency MCR Area MCR Zone Setting and Resetting I/O Bits Block Functions Block Functions for Code Blocks Block Calls: General CALL Call Statement UC and CC Call Statements Block End Functions Temporary Local Data Stade Local Data Block Functions for Data Blocks Two Data Block Registers Accessing Data Operands Open Data Block Exchanging the Data Block Registers Data Block Length and Number.. 173

18.2.6 Special Points in Data Addressing.174 18.3 System Functions for Data Blocks. 176 18.3.1 Creating a Data Block 176 18.3.2 Deleting a Data Block 176 18.3.3 Testing a Data Block 176 18.

5 Special Points in Data Addressing System Functions for Data Blocks Creating a Data Block Deleting a Data Block Testing a Data Block Null Operations NOP Statements Program Display Statements Block Parameters Block Parameters in General Defining the Block Parameters Processing the Block Parameters Definition of the Block Parameters Declaration of the Function Value Initializing Block Parameters Formal Parameters Actual Parameters "Passing On" Block Parameters Examples Conveyor Belt Example Parts Counter Example Feed Example 188 Program Processing Main Program General Remarks Program Structure Program Organization Scan Cycle Control Process Image Updating Scan Cycle Monitoring Time Minimum Scan Cycle Time, Background Scanning Response Time Scan Cycle Statistics Program Functions Real-Time Clock Read System Clock Run-Time Meter Compressing CPU Memory Waiting and Stopping Multiprocessing Mode Data Interchange Using System Functions System Functions for Distributed I/O System Functions for GD Communication System Functions for Data Interchange Within a Station System Functions for Data Interchange Between Two Stations SFB Communication Start Information Start Information for OB Reading Out Start Information Interrupt Handling General Remarks Hardware Interrupts Generating a Hardware Interrupt Servicing Hardware Interrupts Configuring Hardware Interrupts withstep Watchdog Interrupts Handling Watchdog Interrupts Configuring Watchdog Interrupts with STEP Time-of-Day Interrupts Handling Time-of-Day Interrupts Configuring Time-of-Day Interrupts with STEP System Functions for Time-of-Day Interrupts Time-Delay Interrupts Handling Time-Delay Interrupts Configuring Time-Delay Interrupts with STEP System Functions for Time-Delay Interrupts Multiprocessor Interrupt Handling Interrupts Start-Up Characteristics General Remarks Operating Modes HOLD Mode Disabling the Output Modules Start-Up Organization Blocks Power-Up STOP Mode Memory Reset Retentivity Types of Start-up

22.3.1 STARTUP Mode 228 22.3.2 Complete Restart 228 22.3.3 Warm Restart 229 22.4 Ascertaining a Module Address... 230 22.5 Parameterizing Modules 231 23 Error Handling 234 23.

6 STARTUP Mode Complete Restart Warm Restart Ascertaining a Module Address Parameterizing Modules Error Handling Synchronous Errors Programming Errors Access Errors Synchronous Error Handling Error Filters Masking Synchronous Errors Unmasking Synchronous Errors Reading the Error Register Entering a Substitute Value Asynchronous Errors System Diagnostics Diagnostic Events and Diagnostic Buffer Writing User Entries in the Diagnostic Buffer Evaluating Diagnostic Interrupts Reading the System Status List Variable Handling Data Types Elementary Data Types Declaration of Elementary Data Types BOOL, BYTE, WORD, DWORD, CHAR Number Representations Time Representations Complex Data Types DATE_AND_TIME STRING ARRAY STRUCT User-Defined Data Types Indirect Addressing Pointers Area Pointer DB Pointer ANY Pointer Types of Indirect Addressing General Indirect Addressable Operands Memory-Indirect Addressing Register-Indirect Area-Internal Addressing Register-Indirect Area-Crossing Addressing Summary Working the Address Registers Overview Loading into an Address Register Transferring from an Address Register Swap Address Registers Adding to the Address Register Special Features of Indirect Addressing Using Address Register AR Using Address Register AR Restrictions with Static Local Data Direct Variable Access Loading the Variable Address Data Storage of Variables Storage in Global Data Blocks Storage in Instance Data Blocks Storage in the Temporary Local Data Data Storage when Transferring Parameters Parameter Storage in Functions Storing Parameters in Function Blocks "Variable" ANY Pointer Brief Description of the Message Frame Example 275 Appendix S5/S7 Converter General Preparation Checking Executability on the Destination System Checking Program Execution Characteristics Checking the Modules

27.2.4 Checking the Operands 285 27.2.5 Preparing the STEP 5 Program... 286 27.3 Converting 286 27.3.1 Creating Macros 286 27.3.2 Preparing the Conversion 287 27.3.3 Starting the Converter 287 27.3.4 Convertible Functions 288 27.

7 Checking the Operands Preparing the STEP 5 Program Converting Creating Macros Preparing the Conversion Starting the Converter Convertible Functions Post-Editing Creating the STEP 7 Project Unconvertible Functions Address Changes Indirect Addressing Access to "Excessively Long" Data Blocks Working with Absolute Addresses Parameter Initialization Special Function Organization Blocks Error Handling Block Libraries Organization Blocks System Function Blocks IEC Converting Blocks S5-S7 Converting Blocks TI-S7 Converting Blocks PID Control Blocks Communication Blocks Operation Set Basic Functions Binary Logic Operations Memory Functions Transfer Functions Timer Functions Counter Functions Digital Functions Comparison Functions Math Functions Arithmetic Functions Conversion Functions Shift F unctions Word Logic Operations Program Flow Control Jump Functions Master Control Relay Block functions Indirect Adressing 305 Index 306 Abbreviations

Automating with STEP 7 in LAD and FBD

Berger Automating with STEP 7 in LAD and FBD Automating with STEP7 in LAD and FBD SIMATIC S7-300/400 Programmable Controllers by Hans Berger 5 th revised and enlarged edition, 2012 Publicis Publishing