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1 Course: VLSI Circuits (Video Course) Faculty Coordinator(s) : Prof. S. Srinivasan Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai Telephone : srinis@iitm.ac.in, srini@ee.iitm.ernet.in : (91-44) (Office) (91-44) (Residence) Detailed Syllabus : 1 Introduction to VLSI Design Introduction 2 Combinational Circuit Design Components of Combinational Design - Multiplexer and Decoder Multiplexer Based Design of Combinational Circuits Implementation of Full Adder using Multiplexer Decoder Implementation of Full Adder using Decoder 3 Programmable Logic Devices Types of Programmable Logic Devices Combinational Logic Examples PROM - Fixed AND Array and Programmable OR Array Implementation of Functions using PROM PLA - Programmable Logic Array PLA Implementation Example 4 Programmable Array Logic PAL - Programmable Array Logic Comparison of PROM, PLA and PAL Implementation of a Function using PAL Types of PAL Outputs Device Examples 5 Review of Flip-Flops Introduction to Sequential Circuits R-S Latch and Clocked R-S Latch D Flip Flop J-K Flip Flop Master Slave Operation Edge Triggered Operation

2 6 Sequential Circuits Clocking of Flip-flops Setup and Hold Times Moore Circuit Mealy Circuit Clocking Rules Sequential Circuits Design Rules 7 Sequential Circuit Design Sequential Circuit Design Basics Design of a 4-bit Full Adder using D Flip-flop Pattern Identifier State Graph Transition Table 8 MSI Implementation of Sequential Circuits Implementation of Pattern Identifier revisited MUX Based Realization ROM Based Realization PAL Implementation 9 Design of Sequential Circuits using One Hot Controller Design of a Vending Machine as an example State Graph State Table Implementation using PAL 10 Verilog Modeling of Combinational Circuits Introduction to Verilog Levels of Abstraction Realization of Combinational Circuits Verilog Code for Multiplexers and Demultiplexers Realization of a Full Adder Behavioral, Data Flow and Structural Realization Realization of a Magnitude Comparator Design Example 11 Modeling of Verilog Sequential Circuits - Core Statements Design of a D Flip Flop Realization of a Register Realization of a Counter Realization of a Non retriggerable Monoshot 12 Modeling of Verilog Sequential Circuits - Core Statements (Continued) Realization of a Right Shift Register Realization of a Parallel to Serial Converter Realization of a Model State Machine Pattern Sequence Detector as a Design Example

3 13 RTL Coding Guidelines RTL Coding Guidelines Introduction Dos and Don ts for Asynchronous and Synchronous Logic Circuit Design RTL Coding Style Separation of Combinational and Sequential Circuits if - else if else statements for MUX and Priority Encoder Realizations Verilog Directives Case Statements Operators 14 Coding Organization - Complete Realization Introduction to Coding Organization Design Module a Model Complete Code for Combinational and Sequential Circuits 15 Coding Organization - Complete Realization (Continued) Complete Code for Sequential Circuits - Right Shift Register - Parallel to Serial Converter - Model State Machine - Pattern Sequence Detector Test Bench for Combinational Circuits 16 Writing a Test Bench Test bench for simple design AND gate Test bench for Combinational Circuits Test bench for Sequential Circuits 17 System Design using ASM Chart Top-down Design Methodology ASM Chart Rules of Drawing ASM Chart 18 Example of System Design using ASM Chart Design of Bus Arbiter ASM Chart State Table Implementation of Bus Arbiter using MUX and D Flip-flops Specification of a Traffic Light Controller State Graph ASM Chart of Traffic Light Controller 19 Examples of System Design using Sequential Circuits Algorithm of Traffic Light Controller ASM Table Hardware Realization using MUX and D Flip-flops Traffic Light Controller ROM Realization - ROM Table 20 Examples of System Design using Sequential Circuits (Continued) Dice Game - Introduction Algorithm for Dice Game Architecture

4 ASM Chart for Dice Game 21 Microprogrammed Design Introduction to Microprogrammed Design of Digital Systems ASM Chart for a Microprogrammed Design Microprogrammed ROM Table Comparison of the Conventional ROM and the Microprogrammed ROM Approaches Single Qualifier, Double address Design 22 Microprogrammed Design (Continued) Single Qualifier, Single Address (SQSA) System Design ASM chart for SQSA Microprogrammed Implementation Microprogrammed Table Implementation of SQSA System using Microprogrammed ROM, MUX and a Counter Dice Game using Microprogrammed SQSA System ASM Chart and Microprogrammed Table for Dice game 23 Design Flow of VLSI Circuits Top-down Design Methodology Bottom-up Design Methodology Simulation of Verilog Codes using Modelsim Test Bench and Simulation of a Simple Design 24 Simulation of Combinational Circuits Simulation of Combinational Circuits Simulation Waveforms - Simple Gates - Simple Boolean Expressions - Shift Register - MUX and DEMUX 25 Simulation of Combinational and Sequential Circuits Simulation Waveforms - a Magnitude Comparator - a Design Example - a D Flip-flop - Registers - a Counter 26 Analysis of Waveforms using Modelsim Analysis of Waveforms - a Counter - a Non-retriggerable Monoshot - a Right Shift Register - a Parallel to Serial Converter - a Model State Machine 27 Analysis of Waveforms using Modelsim (Continued) Analysis of Waveforms of a Model State Machine (Continued) Analysis of Waveforms of a Pattern Sequence Detector

5 28 ModelSim Simulation Tool ModelSim Command Summary 29 Synthesis Tool More Features of Modelsim Synplify Synthesis Tool Features of Synplify Tool 30 Synthesis Tool (Continued) Synthesis Tool Command Summary Analysis of Design Example using Synplify Tool 31 Synplify Tool - Schematic Circuit Diagram View Analysis of the Report File generated by Synplify Tool Commands Continued Optimized Verilog File using Synplify Tool Viewing Verilog Code as RTL Schematic Circuit Diagrams 32 Technology View using Synplify Tool Technology View using Synplify Tool Warnings and Errors Log Report Comparison of FPGA Performance of different Vendors for a Design Creation of Errors Deliberately and Correction using Modelsim and Synplify Tools 33 Synopsys Full and Parallel Cases Compilation/Load Errors and Correction using Modelsim and Synplify Tools (Continued) Synopsys Full Case - RTL View Synopsys Parallel Case - RTL View Xilinx Place & Route Tool Design Manager Xilinx Place & Route Tool Command Summary Place & Route Tool Report 34 Xilinx Place & Route Tool Xilinx Place & Route Tool Report Creation of Bit File Synthesis Revisited Waveform Analysis of Optimized File Various Report Files of Xilinx Place & Route Tool Back Annotation in DOS Mode using Xilinx Place & Route Commands 35 Xilinx Place & Route Tool (Continued) Back Annotation in DOS Mode using Xilinx Place & Route Commands (Continued) Simulation of Back Annotated File using Modelsim Tool Analysis of Back Annotated Waveforms to get the Gate Delays of a Design User Constraint File Xilinx Floor Planner Design of PCI Arbiter using ASM Chart - Introduction

6 36 PCI Arbiter Design using ASM Chart Design of PCI Arbiter (Continued) ASM Chart Verilog Code of PCI Arbiter Test Bench for the PCI Arbiter Design Simulation Results after Back annotation Synplify Results Xilinx Place and Route Results 37 Design of Memories - ROM On-chip Dual Address ROM Design Test Bench for Dual Address ROM Design Simulation Results Synplify and Place & Route Results On-chip Single Address ROM Design Test Bench for Single Address ROM Design Simulation Results Synplify and Place & Route Results 38 Design of Memories - RAM Design of On-chip Dual RAM RTL Verilog Code Test Bench for Dual RAM Design Simulation Results 39 Design of External RAM Controller Design for External RAM Verilog Code for Controller of External RAM Test Bench for External RAM GO-No GO Test Simulation Waveform 40 Design of Arithmetic Circuits Principle of Pipelining Partitioning of a Design Serial Signed Adder Design Test Bench for Serial Adder Comparison of a Serial Adder and a Parallel Adder Implementation Simulation Waveform 41 Design of Arithmetic Circuits (Continued) Design of Eight Inputs Signed Parallel Adder Design Partition Verilog Code for the Signed Parallel Adder Test Bench for Parallel Adder Simulation Waveform Parallel, Pipelined Multiplier Design A new Algorithm for Fast Implementation Verilog Code for the Parallel, Pipelined Multiplier

7 42 Design of Arithmetic Circuits (Continued) Verilog Code for Parallel Multiplier (Continued) Test Bench for Parallel Multiplier Simulation Results of Back Annotated Parallel Multiplier Design 43 System Design Examples Verilog Code for Traffic Light Controller Simulation Results of Traffic Light Controller Design 44 System Design Examples (Continued) Test Bench for Traffic Light Controller Introduction to Image/Video Compression Block Diagram of a Video Encoder A Novel, Parallel Algorithm for Fast Evaluation of Discrete Cosine Transform and Quantization (DCTQ) 45 System Design Examples (Continued) Design of Discrete Cosine Transform and Quantization Processor DCTQ Processor Block Diagram Signal Description of DCTQ Processor Architecture of DCTQ Processor Sequence of Operations of a Host Processor and the DCTQ Processor Verilog Codes for DCTQ Design 46 System Design Examples (Continued) Verilog Codes for DCTQ Design (Continued) DCTQ Top Design Code Partial Products Register Code DCTQ Controller Code 47 System Design Examples (Continued) Verilog Code for DCTQ Design - DCTQ Controller Code (Continued) Test Bench for DCTQ Design Synplify Results Xilinx Place and Route Results Analysis of Waveforms of DCTQ Design Verification of Verilog DCTQ IQIDCT Cores Matlab Codes for Pre-processing and Post-processing of an Image Results Original and Reconstructed Image Example Implementation Results of DCTQ, IQIDCT, DCT and IDCT Cores on FPGA/ASIC Capabilities of IP Cores 48 System Design Examples using FPGA Board Design Applications using FPGA Board - Traffic Light Controller and Real Time Clock XSV FPGA Board Features Testing of FPGA Board Setting the XSV Board Clock Oscillator Frequency Downloading Configuration Bit Streams

8 49 System Design Examples using FPGA Board (Continued) Features of Digital Input/Output Card Typical Push Button Debouncing Circuit and Switch Interface Circuits Typical Driving Circuit for Seven Segment and Discrete LEDs Problem on FPGA Boards and its Solution Hardware Setup for Traffic Light Controller Demo of Traffic Light Controller Revised Verilog Code Incorporating Blink Control and Pedestrian Crossing 50 Advanced Features of Xilinx Project Navigator User Constraint File for Traffic Light Controller Place and Route and Back Annotation Using Xilinx Project Navigator - Command Summary of Navigator Floor Plan Simulation of Back Annotated File 51 System Design Examples using FPGA Board (Continued) Real Time Clock Design Features and Specification Block Diagram and Signal Descriptions of Real Time Clock Simplified Architecture of Real Time Clock Verilog RTL Code for Real Time Clock 52 System Design Examples using FPGA Board (Continued) Verilog RTL Code for Real Time Clock (Continued) - Real Time Clock Code - Stop Watch Code 53 System Design Examples using FPGA Board (Continued) Stop Watch Implementation (Continued) Alarms routine Display ROM Sub-module Test Bench for Real Time Clock 54 System Design Examples using FPGA Board (Continued) Test Bench for Real Time Clock Design User Constraint File for Real Time Clock Design Synplify Results Xilinx Place and Route Results Waveform Analysis of the Real Time Clock Design Demo of the Real Time Clock 55 Project Design Suggested for FPGA/ASIC Implementations Projects Suggested for FPGA/ASIC Implementations Issues Involved in Digital VLSI System Design Detailed Specification for Electrostatic Precipitator Controller Detailed Specification for JPEG/H.261/MPEG Codec References Conclusions

DIGITAL VLSI SYSTEMS DESIGN

DIGITAL VLSI SYSTEMS DESIGN Digital VLSI Systems Design A Design Manual for Implementation of Projects on FPGAs and ASICs Using Verilog By Dr. S. Ramachandran Indian Institute of Technology Madras, India