5G vs. FTTx, friends or foes?

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "5G vs. FTTx, friends or foes?"

Hollie Richardson
5 years ago
Views:

1 5G vs. FTTx, friends or foes? 杜豫章 Frank Du, Product Line Manager, Source Photonics ECOC, Gothenburg, Sweden 18 th September 2017

5G-TTH (5G to the home) instead of FTTH?

Verizon back in Feb 2017 at the World Mobile

2 5G-TTH (5G to the home) instead of FTTH? The excitement was brought by Samsung and Verizon back in Feb 2017 at the World Mobile Congress Samsung announces complete portfolio of commercial 5G products and solutions In pre-commercial trials that started in December 2016, Verizon and Samsung demonstrated multi-gigabit per second speeds at distances of up 1,500 feet. The initial customer trials will use 28 GHz frequency airwaves for service to fixed points, like a home router Slide no.2

3 Questions Relationship between wireless and fixed access networks as 5G approaches? 1. Converge: 5G to replace FTTx service? 2. Converge: FTTx infrastructure to enable 5G? 3. No change, and remain as 2 independent networks? Slide no.3

4 Agenda 1. Introduction to 5G and FTTx 2. Wireless and FTTx deployment: China as the case in point 3. Relationship between 5G vs. FTTx Slide no.4

5 Introduction to 5G and FTTx Slide no.5

5G to the home explained 1 From base station to CPE (customer premise equipment), the 5G home router 28GHz mmwave (Note: carrier frequency of 4G LTE usually goes lower than 2.

6 5G to the home explained 1 From base station to CPE (customer premise equipment), the 5G home router 28GHz mmwave (Note: carrier frequency of 4G LTE usually goes lower than 2.6GHz) Samsung's demo unit was running 4Gbps to one router The signal covers a few hundred meters There is no 5G directly to mobile phone yet power consumption is a big problem as of 2017) 2 From CPE to mobile phones, computers at home ac Wi-Fi Source of image: Samsung 3 Backhaul: from base station to transport network Fiber, or microwave Slide no.6

Wireless communication 101-4G LTE as a case Transport Packet BBU CPRI RRU Antenna Data rate between BBU and transport Data rate between BBU and RRU CPRI data rate:

7 Wireless communication 101-4G LTE as a case Transport Packet BBU CPRI RRU Antenna Data rate between BBU and transport Data rate between BBU and RRU CPRI data rate: Sampling frequency * (I-phase bit width + Q-phase bit width) * # of antenna * line coding (10B/8B) Carrier bandwidth: 20 MHz MIMO: 2 x 2 DL modulation: 64QAM Slide no.7

8 The road to 5G 4 MIMO Capacity grows proportionally as # of antennas grows 4G: MIMO- 4 x 4, 8 x 8 5G: 64 antennas, 256 antennas massive MIMO Antenna 3 Higher order modulation and better coding schemes Put more bits onto one carrier Modulation: 256 QAM? Coding:? 1 More channel bandwidth The most straightforward way to increase channel capacity Carrier bandwidth of 4G LTE: 20 MHz Carrier bandwidth of 5G: > 100 MHz 5G: goes beyond 3.5 GHz or even higher (mm Wave), allowing higher channel bandwidth Carrier aggregation 2 Multi-access technology Multiple users use a band of carriers more efficiently 2G: TDMA 3G: CDMA 4G: OFDM 5G:? Slide no.8

9 4G base station 4G base station installed on a roof Location: Chengdu Slide no.9

10 Look into a 4G LTE base station 4G base station installed on a roof RRU: remote radio unit Antenna BBU: baseband unit Usually, access transport equipment in the same room Source of image: Huawei Slide no.10

11 End user bandwidth in 5G 5G Download data rate of every single user: > 100 Mbps Upload data rate: > 50 Mbps Capacity of a base station: downstream, 20 Gbps; upstream: 10 Gbps Slide no.11

FTTx GPON is Very Mature High Volume Deployment

Flexibility Tunable vs Fat Pipe 10G DWDM Remote

12 FTTx GPON is Very Mature High Volume Deployment Commoditized Cost 10GEPON and XGS-PON Natural Evolution Greenfield or Overlay? Use in Backhaul NGPON2 or 25G/100G Bandwidth vs Flexibility Tunable vs Fat Pipe 10G DWDM Remote OLT 10G 10G 25G Video Voice Data 1G 1G 4 x 10G G.FAST NGPON2 Slide no.12

13 FTTx: a GPON and XGSPON system OLT Optical network terminal ODN Optical distribution network ONU Optical network unit XGS-PON OLT 1577nm, 10G GPON ONU Tx: 1310nm, 1.25G Rx: 1490nm, 2.5G 1270nm, 10G/2.5G 1490nm, 2.5G WDM1r splitter XGPON ONU Tx: 1270nm, 2.5G Rx: 1577nm, 10G GPON OLT 1310nm, 1.25G XGS-PON ONU Tx: 1270nm, 10G Rx: 1577nm, 10G Slide no.13

14 End user bandwidth in XGS-PON OLT Conditions XGS-PON OLT downstream data rate: 9.953Gbps Split ratio: 128 Oversubscription: 25% Bandwidth efficiency: 92% Downstream data rat of a household: 9953Mbps * 92% / 25% / 128 = 286 Mbps? Slide no.14

movie can easily exceed 1GB Cost for operators is cheaper than wireless when average

15 Positioning of fixed and wireless access networks Wireless FTTx Mobile phone Average data usage in China s LTE users: 1027 to 1521 MB 4K video, IPTV, home desktop One HD movie can easily exceed 1GB Cost for operators is cheaper than wireless when average user bandwidth is higher than a certain level (source of data: China Telecom) Slide no.15

16 Wireless and FTTx deployment: China as the case in point Slide no.16

17 China in global access network market Wireless 4G LTE By August 2017, China has approximately 2.99 million 4G base stations, counting for > 40% of the global volume (6.5 million to 7 million) Fixed broadband - PON Volume of GPON and EPON OLT deployment from 2010 to ,000,000 8,000,000 7,000,000 6,000,000 5,000,000 4,000,000 3,000,000 2,000,000 1,000,000 0 Source of data: IHS GPON OLT - global GPON OLT - China EPON OLT - global 86% of EPON OLT were deployed in China; 76% of all GPON OLT were in China As of Q3 2017, most of the 10G PON OLT are bought by China market, too EPON OLT - China Slide no.17

18 Architecture of China s telecom network the overall hierarchy 1 Nation-wide backbone 2 Connects 1 to 3 core cities in each province Province-wide backbone 3 Connects each city in one province Metro network Provides FTTx and wireless access and the backhaul in a city, for example, Chengdu 成都, or Suzhou (苏州 Slide no.18

19 Logical network architecture - national backbone Several national core node connected in a mesh 80x100G OTN in use 内蒙古黑龙江吉林辽宁河北北京天津山西太原呼和浩特通辽哈尔滨长春吉林沈阳大连石家庄唐山 16 10G 10 10G 北京天津青岛济南山东新疆乌鲁木齐北京天津 16 10G 芜湖合肥安徽宁夏银川 12 10G 江苏南京 12 10G 无锡江苏青海河南甘肃西藏西宁洛阳郑州兰州 G 拉萨重庆 G 昆明 12 10G 西安陕西四川成都 16 10G 武汉湖北 16 10G 16 10G 12 10G 12 10G 12 10G 广东广州 12 10G 12 10G 上海杭州浙江温州贵阳柳州南宁长沙衡阳三亚海口深圳 12 10G 12 10G 20 10G 20 10G 20 10G 12 10G 12 10G 10 10G 16 10G 12 10G 16 10G 4 40G 12 10G 16 10G 1 40G 九江江西南昌上海上海福州福建厦门重庆云南贵州广西湖南海南广东 12 10G Source of image: China Telecom Slide no.19

20 Logical network architecture - provincial backbone XuZhou 徐州 OTM-80 双沟大许 km (92. 27km) 濉宁 km (39. 64km) 宿迁 OTM-80 Su Qian km km km 连云港 (77. 28km) (91. 92m) (39. 94km) OTM-80 邳州新沂东海洋河溧水泗阳淮安 Huai An km ( km) km (41. 77km) 南京 km (65. 77km) km (90. 60km) km (59. 32km) km 涟水 km (45. 73km) (41. 78km) OTM-80 龙潭六合六合句容溧阳仪征 km (90. 00km) km (94. 21km) OTM-80 丹阳 km (81. 44km) 宜兴建湖 km (82. 08km) km (73. 00km) km (67. 60km) km ( km) OTM km (58. 27km) 楚州 km 宝应 (61. 00km) 马坝 km 高邮 (65. 37km) 旧铺江都 OTM km ( km) km 扬州 (34. 73km) Yang Zhou OTM-80 常州 OTM-80 尚庄唐子灌云响水滨海阜宁兴化 km (79. 00km) km (85. 22km) km (69. 29km) km (47. 35km) 盐城 OTM-80 Zhen Jiang 镇江 Chang Zhou km (69. 57km) km (81. 90km) km (60. 43km) OTM-80 泰州泰兴靖江江阴无锡 Wuxi Source of image: China Telecom Lian Yun Gang Yan Cheng km (85. 53km) 泰兴靖江 km (53. 88km) km (85. 59km) 石庄 OTM-80 苏州 Nan Tong 南通 OTM-80 Tai Zhou Su Zhou Prefecture-level cities ( 地级市 ) in a province connected (21 such cities in Sichuan Province, whose area is similar as that of France) Minimum distance between 2 cities is usually > 80 to 100km OTN in use Slide no.20

21 Logical network architecture - metro Provincial or nation-wide backbone Metro transport Metro core Metro IP data network Metro network PTN/IP RAN 10G 10G/100G 1G 10G SR BRAS OLT Core router SR BRAS Metro aggregation 10G Metro core 1G ONU ONU ONU Wireless base stations are connected upwards to PTN / IP RAN access layer Fixed access network are connected upwards to core routers in a metro area. Slide no.21

fiber cable, central offices Wireless Access node Only separate in the last

22 Fixed and wireless network: share central offices and cable tunnel Core node Aggregation node Aggregation node Share of physical resources: cable tunnel, fiber cable, central offices Wireless Access node Only separate in the last mile wireless front-haul and PON PON Source of image: China Mobile Slide no.22

Wireless and FTTx access coverage in China In urban areas of China, FTTH covers > 90% of households; in suburban and rural areas, 30% Availability of 4G LTE: 73.

23 Wireless and FTTx access coverage in China In urban areas of China, FTTH covers > 90% of households; in suburban and rural areas, 30% Availability of 4G LTE: 73.83%, ranking within the top 20 nations/regions 4G Availability Comparison February 2016 Overall, China has a well developed access network: both 4G LTE and FTTx Source of data: OpenSignal Slide no.23

24 Customer base and ARPU 237 million fixed broadband subscribers (households) from the 3 telecom operators in China, representing 15% of the mobile + fixed access revenue Customer base and ARPU from mobile and fixed service of the 3 telecom operators in China, 2016 China Mobile China Telecom China Unicom mobile (4G/3G/2G) mobile customer base (million) Average Revenue per User per Month (ARPU) (RMB/user/month) fixed broadband customer base (million) Average Revenue per User per Month (ARPU) (RMB/user/month) Slide no.24

25 Summary of wireless and FTTx deployment in China 1. Well developed fiber deployment for wireless, and particularly FTTx in urban areas (ODN counts for 50% to 70% of the total cost of PON in China, and probably even higher in U.S. and Europe) 2. Wireless and FTTx shares mutual physical infrastructures in metro transport: optical cable, cable tunnel and central offices this can this be considered a form of convergence 3. FTTx represents a considerable share of revenue for all the 3 telecom operators in China Slide no.25

26 Relationship between 5G and FTTx Slide no.26

27 Global 10G PON OLT deployment The transition to 10G PON started from 2014/205 in China, and not yet widely adopted in markets out of China Massive deployment of 10G PON will last until at least China Telecom 2 1. massive upgrade to 10G EPON OLT started in 2015/ Massive 10G GPON upgrade with combo PON starting in the end of 2017 and early 2018 China Mobile 1. Some small volume of XG-PON and XGS-PON deployed started in 2016/2017 for FTTB in particular 3 AT&T 1. Focuses on XGS-PON Slide no.27

28 Plan of 5G from operators China Mobile 2017: select 4~5 cities, and build 7 base stations at each city 2018: select more cities, and build 20 base stations at each city 2019: increase city quantity and base station quantity for each city 2020: build 10,000 base stations (notes: in 2014, China mobile built 500,000 base stations). Vodafone Vodafone conducted the first live public 5G demonstration in Australia in Oct. 2016, with Nokia at the University of Technology, Sydney (UTS). América Móvil Ericsson together with América Móvil bring the first 5G test system to Brazil in 2016, and will complete commercial networks in Airtel Airtel is busy in expanding 4G services to towns and villages in India. Even Airtel 4G is just available in limited locations across major cities and towns. Tentative Airtel 5G launch in India could happen in AT&T AT&T will launch our first 5G Evolution Markets in the coming months in Austin and Indianapolis in We expect our wireless network to offer theoretical peak speeds of 400Mbps or higher.

29 Hypothesis on 5G deployment in China 1 5G macro cell 3.5 GHz, 8 to 16 antennas Bandwidth: 100MHz RRU to DU data rate: 50G, 100G, or higher Basically follows the 3.5G prototype released by China Mobile Massively deployment in 2021 to G small cell Higher bandwidth? RRU to DU data rate? 2 IoT NB-IoT resides on the existing 4G LTE infrastructure Can be deployed on 5G, too

30 How to deploy 5G in a metro network of China - one aggregation ring Distance between two adjacent nodes in aggregation ring: 3-10 km Distance between two adjacent nodes in the smaller access ring:100s meters to 2km RRU BBU Access PTN Aggregation layer Distance between two adjacent nodes in the bigger access ring:100s meters to 2km DU CU DWDM? Up to 40km or even higher DU Data rate: 3 * 25G Optical transceiver: 25G SFP28; or simply i-temp 100G QSFP28 < 1.4km? DU DU 50G ring Optical transceiver: 50G? 10km 100G ring? Or DWDM? Single lambda 100G QSFP28 10km

31 How to deploy 5G in a metro network of China - one aggregation ring Source: China Mobile Two-Level Front-haul Architecture and Requirements, Jan 2017; IEEE One typical 5G deployment scenario envisioned by China Mobile RRU BBU PTN Aggregation ring 1 CU à 6 DU 1 DU à 6 RRU DU CU 72G * 6 = 432G 1 CU à 36 RRU RRU + Antenna DU WDM? DU 3 RRU per node DU FTN DU DU 4G * 3 * 6 = 72G In option 2, 4G for each DU-to-CU connection 2 optical transceiver per RRU (suppose 25G SFP28 used) ecrpi rate = 25G 3 * 2 * 25G * 6 = 900G

32 Extra investment needed on next-gen PON and 5G wireless Next-gen PON (10G PON) As > 90% of urban areas in China (as of 2017, 58% of China s 1.3 billion people live in urban areas) has been covered with FTTH, the ODN for PON is largely ready? Extra investment needed goes to 10G PON OLT and 10G PON ONU, where >70% of the cost is optical transceivers 10G PON OLT and ONU optical transceivers have become very affordable as of G wireless 2 to 5 times more base station needed than 4G LTE More fiber plants required to accommodate increased number of base stations Expensive (at least today) 25G (i-temp), 100G and tunable WDM optics needed in front-haul and transport network Overall, 4 to 5 time more investment will be needed than 4G LTE to have fullcoverage of 5G in China (source of data: China Telecom) Slide no.32

33 5G and 10G PON in China Penetration to users Massively deployment of 10G PON to deliver Gigabit to the home in China 1 FTTx 10G PON 2 5G Development of technology, proof of concept, pilot Wide coverage of 5G base stations Year

34 Answer to the questions Relationship between wireless and fixed access networks as 5G approaches? 1. Converge: 5G to cover FTTx service? Limited. Home broadband will still be largely serviced by FTTx in China 2. Converge: FTTx infrastructure to deliver 5G? Partially. 10G PON for small cell in 5G 3. No change, and remain as 2 independent networks? In the last mile, yes. But on metro transport, wireless and FTTx has already been sharing infrastructures Slide no.34

35 US Headquarters Milpitas Taiwan Chengdu 8521 Fallbrook Avenue, Suite 200, 1525 McCarthy Blvd., Suite 1131, 9F, No 81, Shui Lee Rd. Building #2 & 5, West Export West Hills, CA Milpitas, CA Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C. Processing Zone No. 8 Kexin Road, Tel: (818) Tel: (408) Tel: Hi-Tech Zone,Chengdu, , China Fax: (818) Fax: (408) Fax: Tel : (86) Fax: (86) Shenzhen 2/F, EYANG Building, No.3 of Qimin Rd, Langshan 2nd Street, Hi-Tech Industrial Park North, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, , China Tel : (86) Fax: (86) Beijing Room A1103, Building A, No.21 Pingyuanli, Yatai Center, Xicheng District, Beijing China Tel : (86) Fax: (86) Shanghai Room 701, Building D Everbright Convention & Exhibition Center No. 80 Caobao Road, Shanghai, , China Tel : (86) , Fax: (86)

CNGI and CERNET2 Updates. Jennifer/Jie AN, Jianping WU CERNET/Tsinghua University Nov.2, 2005

CNGI and CERNET2 Updates. Jennifer/Jie AN, Jianping WU CERNET/Tsinghua University Nov.2, 2005 CNGI and CERNET2 Updates Jennifer/Jie AN, Jianping WU CERNET/Tsinghua University Nov.2, 2005 Contents Internet development in China Research networks in China CERNET update IPv6 and its development in