Student Lab Manual. Networks and Communications (COMP277L) SYSTEM PROPERTIES. Dr. Mohamed Ben Laroussi Aissa Room 11 A- 2.

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1 Laboratory Exercise N o 1 SYSTEM PROPERTIES College of Arts and Sciences Department of Mathematical And Physical Sciences Computer Science Section Upon completion of this session,, a successful student will be able to: Determine the data storage capacity, Determine the screen resolution of a personal computer. Student Lab Manual Lab 1.1 Determining Data Storage Capacity Objectives Determine the RAM amount installed in a personal computer (PC), Determine the size of the hard disk drive (in GB) installed in a PC, and the used and available space on the hard disk drive, Check other type of storage devices (floppy, CD-ROM, DVD) For the course Networks and Communications (COMP277L) Background Preparation The storage components of many PC include RAM, hard disk drives and optical media, such as CDs and DVDs. The storage capacities of these components are measured in megabytes (MB) and gigabytes (GB). The following resources are required Hardware : A personal computer, Software: Windows XP Dr. Mohamed Ben Laroussi Aissa Room 11 A- 2 2

2 Laboratory Exercise N o 1 SYSTEM PROPERTIES Laboratory Exercise N o 1 SYSTEM PROPERTIES 1. Windows Operations Fill in the following table with windows operations sequences to determine your system properties. Step 1 Start System Properties Measuring Memory All computers work on a binary numbering system, i.e. they process data in ones or zeros. This 1 or 0 level of storage is called a bit. Often hardware is specified as a 32-bit computer, which means that the hardware can process 32 bits at a time. Fill in the following table with your system properties. Computer Operating system Exercice Service Pack Information Fill the following table with the corresponding appropriate values. Computer Processor Type 1 Byte 1 Kilobyte (KB) Megabyte (MB) Gigabyte (GB) Speed 8 Memory 3 4

3 Laboratory Exercise N o 2 IP ADDRESSING Laboratory Exercise N o 2 IP ADDRESSING Upon completion of this computer Lab,, a successful student will be able to: Section Number Station Number MAC ADDRESS IP ADDRESS AE-3A-65-5D AE-3A-ED-A AE-3A AE-3A-98-E Determine the MAC Address of a windows XP computer in a Computer Lab using ipconfig/all command Access the Run command. Determine the IP Address of a windows XP computer in a Computer Lab using ipconfig/all command Trace the Computer Lab layout Lab 1.1 Determine the MAC Address of a Host AE-3A-99-4D AE-3A-69-4B AE-3A-6C AE-3A-SE AE-3A-62-1A AE-3A-69-6A AE-3A-63-3E AE-3A-99-B AE-3A-98-A Objectives Background Determine the MAC address of each Windows XP computer installed in our Computer Lab AE-3A-5B AE-3A AE-3A-98-D AE-3A-98-D AE-3A Preparation The following resources are required Hardware : A personal computer, Software: Windows XP AE-3A AE-3A AE-3A AE-3A-64-FA Observation After completing this lab, my students obtained the following table: AE-3A-99-AD AE-3A-98-A AE-3A-98-C AE-3A AE-3A-6C

4 Laboratory Exercise N o 3 IP ADDRESSING (CONT.) Laboratory Exercise N o 3 IP ADDRESSING (CONT.) Upon completion of this computer Lab,, a successful student will be able to: Assign correct IP addresses to all devices in a network, Detect errors in IP addresses assignment and correct these errors. 2. In the following Fig. 2, let's suppose that the station st1 sends data to the station st2. Which device(s) will receive these data? a. All the devices connected to the switch. b. Only st2 c. Only st3 d. None of the above 1. In the following Fig. 1, let's suppose that the station st1 sends data to the station st2. Which device(s) will receive these data? a. Only st2 b. All the devices connected to the hub. c. Only st3 d. None of the above Fig. 2 Fig

5 Laboratory Exercise N o 3 IP ADDRESSING (CONT.) Laboratory Exercise N o 3 IP ADDRESSING (CONT.) 3. In the following Fig. 3, let's suppose a network address and a subnetwork mask St3 is connecting to the network. Configure the IP address of St3 such that it can communicate with the other network devices. For this purpose, if we consider the address of St3 as X, then what are all possible values of X, which can be assigned to this station St3. 4. In the following Fig. 4, let's suppose a network address and a subnetwork mask It seems that the printer cannot be used by any station of the network. What from the following sentences best describes the problem? a. The printer is connected to a hub. b. The printer has an address which is equal to the network address. c. The printer is not connected directly to the switch. d. None of the above a. From 4 to 98 or from 102 to 254. b. From 3 to 99 or from 101 to 254. c. From 3 to 100 or from 103 to 255. d. None of the above Fig. 3 a. From 1 to 254. b. From 7 to 254. c. From 1 to 255. Fig

6 Laboratory Exercise N o 3 IP ADDRESSING (CONT.) Laboratory Exercise N o 4 AN INTRODUCTION TO PACKET TRACER SIMULATOR Upon completion of this computer Lab,, a successful student will be able to: 5. Let's suppose the network depicted in Fig. 4 with a network address and a sub-network mask Configure the printer IP address such that it can communicate with the other network devices. For this purpose, if we consider the address of this printer as X, then what are all possible values of X, which can be assigned to this printer? d. From 1 to 254. e. From 7 to 254. f. From 1 to 255. g. None of the above Use the Packet Tracer Simulator for some simple exercises. Lab 4.1 Be Familiar with some Packet Tracer Simulator Tools Objectives Be familiar with the Packet Tracer Simulator, it screen and its different tools. Background Preparation The following resources are required Packet Tracer Simulator (installed in Lab 8-6) 11 12

7 Laboratory Exercise N o 5 Using Straight-Through and Crossover UTP Cables to build some Topologies Using Packet Tracer Simulator Laboratory Exercise N o 5 Using Straight-Through and Crossover UTP Cables to build some Topologies Using Packet Tracer Simulator Upon completion of this computer Lab, a successful student will be able to: To make the right choice in cable type selection when connecting different network devices, To use straight-through unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cables for a correct connection between specific network devices, To use crossover unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cables for a correct connection between specific network devices, Use the network Packet-Tracer Simulator to execute all these operations. In the following table, we add some other details: Cable Type Copper Straightthrough Copper Cross-over Description This cable type is the standard Ethernet media for connecting between devices that operate at different OSI layers (such as hub to router, switch to PC, router to hub). It can be connected to the following port types: 10 Mbps Copper (Ethernet), 100 Mbps Copper (Fast Ethernet), and 1000 Mbps Copper (Gigabit Ethernet). This cable type is the Ethernet media for connecting between devices that operate at the same OSI layer (such as hub to hub, PC to PC, PC to printer). It can be connected to the following port types: 10 Mbps Copper (Ethernet), 100 Mbps Copper (Fast Ethernet), and 1000 Mbps Copper (Gigabit Ethernet). Reminder Three different types of cables will be used for the labs. They are straight-through cable, console (rollover) cable and crossover cable. They differ from one another as to how the component wires of the cable are inserted into the pins of the adapters at the two ends of the cable (see Figure 2). In the figure, the numbers refer to pins in the adapters. Straight-through cable Crossover cable Console (rollover) cable Console Console connections can be made between PCs and routers or switches. Certain conditions must be met for the console session from the PC to work: the speed on both sides of the connection must be the same, the data bits must be 7 for both or 8 for both, the parity must be the same, the stop bits must be 1 or 2 (but they do not have to be the same), and the flow control can be anything for either side. Table1: Cable description 13 14

8 Laboratory Exercise N o 5 Using Straight-Through and Crossover UTP Cables to build some Topologies Using Packet Tracer Simulator Laboratory Exercise N o 5 Using Straight-Through and Crossover UTP Cables to build some Topologies Using Packet Tracer Simulator Student Name: Lab 4.1 Connecting two hosts Use Packet Tracer simulator to connect two hosts. What type of cable did you use? Lab 4.3 Connecting hosts with a hub and a switch Use Packet Tracer simulator to connect hosts with a hub and a switch. What type of cables did you use? Lab 4.2 Connecting hosts in star topology Use Packet Tracer simulator to connect hosts in star topology. What type of cables did you use? 15 16

9 Laboratory Exercise N o 6 Laboratory Exercise N o 6 one wire of a certain color and another wire that is white with a colored stripe matching its partner (this wire is called a tracer). Upon completion of this computer Lab, a successful student will be able to: Make a network cable, Use the appropriate tools, Test the network cable. How to Make a Network Cable 1. Unroll the required length of network cable and add a little extra wire, just in case. If a boot is to be fitted, do so before stripping away the sleeve and ensure the boot faces the correct way. 3. Inspect the newly revealed wires for any cuts or scrapes that expose the copper wire inside. If you have breached the protective sheath of any wire, you will need to cut the entire segment of wires off and start over at step one. Exposed copper wire will lead to cross-talk, poor performance or no connectivity at all. It is important that the jacket for all network cables remains intact. 4. Untwist the pairs so they will lay flat between your fingers. The white piece of thread can be cut off even with the jacket and disposed (see Warnings). For easier handling, cut the wires so that they are 3/4" (19 mm) long from the base of the jacket and even in length. 2. Carefully remove the outer jacket of the cable. Be careful when stripping the jacket as to not nick or cut the internal wiring. One good way to do this is to cut lengthwise with snips or a knife along the side of the cable, away from yourself, about an inch toward the open end. This reduces the risk of nicking the wires' insulation. Locate the string inside with the wires, or if no string is found, use the wires themselves to unzip the sheath of the cable by holding the sheath in one hand and pulling sideways with the string or wire. Cut away the unzipped sheath and cut the twisted pairs about 1 1/4" (30 mm). You will notice 8 wires twisted in 4 pairs. Each pair will have 17 18

10 Laboratory Exercise N o 6 Laboratory Exercise N o 6 6. Press all the wires flat and parallel between your thumb and forefinger. Verify the colors have remained in the correct order. Cut the top of the wires even with one another so that they are 1/2" (12.5 mm) long from the base of the jacket, as the jacket needs to go into the 8P8C connector by about 1/8", meaning that you only have a 1/2" of room for the individual cables. Leaving more than 1/2" untwisted can jeopardize connectivity and quality. Ensure that the cut leaves the wires even and clean; failure to do so may cause the wire not to make contact inside the jack and could lead to wrongly guided cores inside the plug. 5. Arrange the wires based on the wiring specifications you are following. There are two methods set by the TIA, 568A and 568B. Which one you use will depend on what is being connected. A straight-through cable is used to connect two different-layer devices (e.g. a hub and a PC). Two like devices normally require a cross-over cable. The difference between the two is that a straight-through cable has both ends wired identically with 568B, while a cross-over cable has one end wired 568A and the other end wired 568B. [1] For our demonstration in the following steps, we will use 568B, but the instructions can easily be adapted to 568A. o 568B - Put the wires in the following order, from left to right: o white orange orange white green blue white blue green white brown brown 568A - from left to right: white/green, green, white/orange, blue, white/blue, orange, white/brown, brown. You can also use the mnemonic / to remember which wires are switched. 7. Keep the wires flat and in order as you push them into the RJ-45 plug with the flat surface of the plug on top. The white/orange wire should be on the left if you're looking down at the jack. You can tell if all the wires made it into the jack and maintain their positions by looking head-on at the plug. You should be able to see a wire located in each hole, as seen at the bottom right. You may have to use a little effort to push the pairs firmly into the plug. The cabling jacket should also enter the rear of the jack about 1/4" (6 mm) to help secure the cable once the plug is crimped. You may need to stretch the sleeve to the proper length. Verify that the sequence is still correct before crimping

11 Laboratory Exercise N o 6 Laboratory Exercise N o 6 8. Place the wired plug into the crimping tool. Give the handle a firm squeeze. You should hear a ratcheting noise as you continue. Once you have completed the crimp, the handle will reset to the open position. To ensure all pins are set, some prefer to double-crimp by repeating this step. 9. Repeat all of the above steps with the other end of the cable. The way you wire the other end (568A or 568B) will depend on whether you're making a straight-through, rollover, or cross-over cable (see Tips). 10. Test the cable to ensure that it will function in the field. Mis-wired and incomplete network cables could lead to headaches down the road. In addition, with power-over-ethernet (PoE) making its way into the market place, crossed wire pairs could lead to physical damage of computers or phone system equipment, making it even more crucial that the pairs are in the correct order. A simple cable tester can quickly verify that information for you. Should you not have a network cable tester on hand, simply test connectivity pin to pin. Fig. 1: Types of cables 21 22