Automated Frequency Coordination: An Established Tool for Modern Spectrum Management. March 12, 2019

Transcription

1 Automated Frequency Coordination: An Established Tool for Modern Spectrum Management March 12, 2019

2 Agenda DSA Introduction by Michael Calabrese Opening Comments by Rep. Doris Matsui & Rep. Brett Guthrie Fireside Chat with FCC Commissioners O Rielly & Rosenworcel Derek Khlopin, NTIA DSA Report Presentation by Michael Calabrese Q&A 2

3 Spectrum Sharing: Critical Fuel for the 5G Wireless Ecosystem 5G Ecosystem: A Diverse Buildout of Next Generation Networks Connectivity any time, any place: gigabit-fast speeds and low latency Licensed/Unlicensed and all technologies must be part of the solution Mobile carriers cannot buildout a robust 5G ecosystem alone Local investment by households, firms and institutions in next generation Wi-Fi and private LTE networks for IoT, neutral host networks & other connectivity require vastly more spectrum access Dynamic Sharing Enabled by Databases Unlocks Spectrum Capacity Yields a substantial increase in available spectrum to meet surging demand Starts with protection of incumbent services Enables licensed, unlicensed, and lightly licensed (licensed by rule) operations Automated databases, geolocation, sensing, are tools for compliance and enforcement 3

4 Telecom Database Management is Nothing New... From SS7 Call Routing... Manual switchboard operators (circa 1877) SS7 call-related signaling networks relied on automated databases. (The ITU adopted SS7 as international standard in 1988)

5 To Automated Number Porting & Forwarding... to Internet DNS Routing Automated phone number portability & forward routing NPAC database introduced in US and UK in 1997 Internet routing relies on Domain Name Service (DNS) databases Credit Rus Shuler

6 Use of databases to coordinate and automate spectrum sharing is likewise nothing new the steps are the same as in a manual coordination process What is new... Dynamic Spectrum Access Databases Getting Beyond the Myths Surging demand and the need to intensively share underutilized bands The technical ability to automate the process, lower the costs, protect incumbents with greater certainty, and coordinate users and devices in near real-time Spectrum DB management has evolved from manual, to automated, to dynamic adding automation & propagation modeling to static licensing data AFC databases enable a third way that transcends the traditional (static) choice between exclusively licensed and unlicensed This yields benefits for industry stakeholders, consumers & regulators Far greater efficiencies are possible as more granular real-world data (terrain, clutter, etc.) is incorporated

7 Automated Frequency Coordination (AFC) Databases: Core Functions Core Functions of AFC databases: Protect incumbent licensees from interference from lower priority uses (and, in some cases, coordinate among users with the same priority) Provide authoritative and in some bands virtually real-time decisions on requests to transmit or assign usage rights Enforce the use of authorized devices Monitor spectrum assignments and, in some cases, actual usage 2016 Dynamic Spectrum Alliance 7

8 Some Benefits of Automated Frequency Coordination

9 Benefits to Industry Stakeholders, Consumers and the Economy Opportunistic coordination of access to unused spectrum capacity... Expands spectrum capacity and efficiency to meet surging demand Promotes more intensive use of the public resource (spectrum is not scarce, access is) Promotes spectrum re-use by enabling lower-power, small cell access Promotes direct spectrum access for innovation and productivity A robust 5G ecosystem needs to extend beyond what mobile carriers are in a position to deploy Enables direct spectrum access for localized uses (network densification, IoT, enterprise networks, campuses, etc) by an increasingly diverse range of users Lowers the cost of connectivity for users/consumers Lower barriers to entry promote competition and consumer choice More bandwidth abundance lowers the cost of mobile and fixed wireless connectivity for consumers and as an input to production for other industries Value-added services by database operators can optimize QOS & facilitate secondary market transactions

10 Benefits to Regulators Automated Enforcement Tool Ensures consistent protection of incumbent licensees (including kill switch functionality) Can monitor & enforce rules re equipment certifications, licensing, operational, and/or fee requirements Can use to monitor spectrum use and collect data to inform future policymaking Band coordination can be delegated while NRA retains authority Commercial DB operators authorized subject to specific obligations, reserving ultimate authority to NRA Adapting model technical rules can speed time-to-market (e.g., DSA s Model Rules for TV White Space) Gives regulators more control over band sharing, including: Flexibility to change allocations or prioritizations without making equipment or infrastructure obsolete Flexibility to initially set and later update sharing parameters (e.g., Ofcom s TV White Space DB enables more intensive sharing using small-area propagation modeling pixels that considers terrain & clutter) Flexibility to decide if DB is agency run, contracted to single provider, or multiple to promote competition/value-added innovation Cost recovery DB administrators can collect fee for service revenue and/or NRA regulatory fees (see ECC Report 236)

11 Evolution of Database Frequency Coordination: Manual, to Automated, to Dynamic

12 Database-Assisted Coordination Spectrum database coordination has evolved from databaseassisted, to automated, to dynamic adding automation and propagation modeling to static licensing data. Examples: 70/80/90 GHz: databaseassisted coordination of pointto-point links by certified, competing providers (at right) Wireless Medical Telemetry Service: Database coordination delegated to industry (AHA) 2016 Dynamic Spectrum Alliance 12

13 Simplified admission control system architecture for Television White Space Database (TVDB). Automated Coordination: TV White Space Database

14 TV White Space Databases U.S., UK and Around the World South Korea (operational) South Africa (rules adopted)

15 Dynamic, Three-Tier Coordination: Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS)

16 CBRS Spectrum Access System (SAS): Dynamic Database, Incorporates Sensing 2016 Dynamic Spectrum Alliance 16

17 Additional Bands Under Consideration for Dynamic Database Sharing (U.S.)

18 6 GHz: Expanding Unlicensed and Gigabit Wi-Fi A pending FCC rulemaking proposes to rely on AFC systems to open 1,200 MHz for Unlicensed Sharing ( MHz) European Union is similarly considering unlicensed sharing on MHz. Wide channels enable next generation, gigabit-fast Wi-Fi: 2016 Dynamic Spectrum Alliance 18

19 6 GHz: In U.S., AFC Coordination Allows Wi-Fi Outdoors and at Higher Power U-NII-5/7 sub-bands: outdoor and indoor, controlled by Automated Frequency Coordination (sharing with PtP links and FSS uplink) U-NII-6/8 sub-bands: lower-power, indoor-only but no database coordination required (sharing with non-fixed broadcast auxiliary, etc. Band (MHz) Primary Allocations Reference in NPRM Devices Fixed Service FSS U-NII-5 Standard-Power Access Point (subject to AFC) Mobile Service FSS U-NII-6 Low-Power Access Point (indoor only) Fixed Service FSS U-NII-7 Standard-Power Access Point (subject to AFC) Fixed Service Mobile Service FSS U-NII-8 Low-Power Access Point (indoor only) 2016 Dynamic Spectrum Alliance 19

20 AFC System Architecture for 6 GHz Simplified architecture for Automated Frequency Coordination in 6 GHz band Dynamic Spectrum Alliance 20

21 C-Band ( MHz): Fixed Satellite Service (FSS) & Fixed Wireless (PtMP)

22 C-Band ( MHz): AFCs can Coordinate PtMP ISPs and Earth Stations A simplified AFC system can automate local coordination of PtMP with earth stations. Unlike mobile use, fixed PtMP is inherently directional and can be sectorized to coexist with FSS Dynamic Spectrum Alliance 22

23 Shared Access Licenses (SALs): GHz mmw Band Sharing (US) Challenge: Accommodating Future Expansion of Federal Agency Use NASA & DoD only current users but want flexibility to expand operations in future FCC in 2016 authorized shared commercial access, based on Shared Access Licenses (SALs) Operability requirement across GHz band SAL rules and database TBD. (source: Starry, Inc.)

24 The Innovative Future of Dynamic Spectrum Database Management The spectrum efficiency, interference protection, and diverse localized access enabled by dynamic database coordination will be greatly enhanced in future as... Incorporating real-world propagation modeling/data into geolocation databases Terrain, clutter (trees, buildings including heights and materials) Antennas (e.g. polarization, radiation pattern, directivity) Use of probabilistic and variable propagation models rather than worst case and static Real-time spectrum sensing data can be taken into account Fixed sensing networks (CBRS) or crowd-sourced (reporting back by devices, base stations) Database Operators innovate more value-added services Example: Optimize available bandwidth and QOS by incorporating more detailed GIS data The potential to combine blockchain technology with dynamic database coordination Example: Facilitate and streamline private secondary-market agreements 2016 Dynamic Spectrum Alliance 24

25 DSA Policy Recommendations NRAs should adopt an AFC approach in any underutilized band (e.g., 6 GHz) where coordinated sharing is appropriate and practical to implement. NRAs should authorize the simplest possible AFC/database solution that will achieve the regulatory goal NRAs should adopt clear rules, but not prescribe particular technologies or standards for AFCs Convene an industry multi-stakeholder process to develop and assist AFC implementation Require or at least allow AFC system operators to use the most granular and real-world GIS data available for interference modeling. When feasible, it is cost-effective to leverage AFC systems and operators for multiple bands, rather than require a series of separate systems Dynamic Spectrum Alliance 25

26 Key Takeaways Use of databases to coordinate spectrum assignments is nothing new the steps are the same as in a manual coordination process What is new... Surging demand and the need to intensively share underutilized bands The technical ability to automate the process, lower the costs, use spectrum more efficiently, protect incumbents with greater certainty Spectrum DB management has evolved from manual, to automated, to dynamic adding automation & real-world propagation modeling to static licensing data AFC databases enable a third way that transcends the traditional (static) choice between exclusively licensed and unlicensed This yields benefits for regulators, industry stakeholders & users Far greater efficiencies are possible as more granular, real-world data (terrain, clutter, building height/materials, etc.) is incorporated

27 Thank You! 2018 Dynamic Spectrum Alliance 27