Standardization efforts to accommodate new spectrum policy approaches.

Transcription

1 Standardization efforts to accommodate new spectrum policy approaches. PCCA, 14th June-2013 Al Jette Nokia Siemens Networks Worhshop with du Nokia Siemens Networks

2 Spectrum = Real Estate for Mobile Broadband Wide Area Local Area Personal Area Support up to 1000 times more capacity 100 MHz 1 GHz 10 GHz 100 GHz Coverage 800, 900, 700, UHF FDD, 10M, co-primary Capacity 2100, 1800, 2600 FDD, 20M, light HetNet More Spectrum Densification 2600, 3500, 2300 TDD, >20M, dense HetNet 2 Nokia Siemens Networks 2013

3 3GPP adding bands at warp speed UMTS Bands carried forward into original Rel-8 LTE Standard R 99 Rel-4 Rel-5 Rel-6 Rel-7 Rel-8 Dec 2008 Operating band Band name Total spectrum 4 Band 1 Band 2 Band 3 Band 4 Band 5 Band 6 Band 7 Band 8 Band 9 Band 10 Band 11 Band 12 Band 13 Band 14 Band GHz 1900 MHz 1800 MHz 1.7/2.1 GHz 850 MHz 800 MHz 2.6 GHz 900 MHz 1700 MHz Ext 1.7/2.1 MHz 1500 MHz lower Lower 700 MHz Upper 700 MHz Upper 700 MHz, public safety/private Lower 700 MHz, AT&T blocks B&C 2x60 MHz 2x60 MHz 2x75 MHz 2x45 MHz 2x25 MHz 2x10 MHz 2x70 MHz 2x35 MHz 2x35 MHz 2x60 MHz 2x25 MHz 2x18 MHz 2x10 MHz 2x10 MHz 2x12 MHz Initial LTE FDD bands shown Industry migrating to LTE and looking to ensure spectrum is supported in standards. Requires extensive work to standardize a new band: Band plan parameters defined (e.g. guard bands, emission limits, supported channel bandwidths, channel plan, UE power reduction) Coexistence evaluations treat proximity to adjacent bands, unique deployment characteristics, BS and UE filter performance, regulatory requirements, etc. Additional signaling support 3GPP has been focused on licensed bands 3 Nokia Siemens Networks 2013

4 3GPP adding bands at warp speed UMTS Bands carried forward into original Rel-8 LTE Standard R 99 Rel-4 Rel-5 Rel-6 Operating band Band name Total spectrum 4 Band 1 Band 2 Band 3 Band 4 Band 5 Band 6 Band 7 Band GHz 1900 MHz 1800 MHz 1.7/2.1 GHz 850 MHz 800 MHz 2.6 GHz 900 MHz 2x60 MHz 2x60 MHz 2x75 MHz 2x45 MHz 2x25 MHz 2x10 MHz 2x70 MHz 2x35 MHz Rel-9 Dec 2009 Rel-10 Mar Operating band Band name Total spectrum Band 18 Band 19 Band 20 Band 21 Band 22 Band 23 Band 24 Band MHz A, KDDI 800 MHz B, DCM UMTSLTE800EU 1500 MHz upper GHz 2 GHz S-band 1.5 GHz L-band Ext 1900 MHz 2x15 MHz 2x15 MHz 2x30 MHz 2x15 MHz 2x80 MHz 2x20 MHz 2x34 MHz 2x65 MHz Rel-7 Band 9 Band 10 Band 11 Band MHz Ext 1.7/2.1 MHz 1500 MHz lower Lower 700 MHz 2x35 MHz 2x60 MHz 2x25 MHz 2x18 MHz Rel-11 Sept 2012 Band 26 Band 27 Band 28 Band 29 E850 MHz UB E850 MHz LB APT DL only 2x35 MHz 2x17 MHz 2x45 MHz 1x11 MHz Rel-8 Dec 2008 Band 13 Band 14 Band 17 Upper 700 MHz Upper 700 MHz, public safety/private Lower 700 MHz, AT&T blocks B&C 2x10 MHz 2x10 MHz 2x12 MHz Ref: 3GPP TS Nokia Siemens Networks 2013

5 Let s not forget TDD Operating band Total spectrum Frequencies [MHz] Band MHz UMTS Bands carried forward into original Rel-8 LTE Standard Rel-99 Rel-6 Band 34 Band 35 Band 36 Band MHz 60 MHz 60 MHz 20 MHz Rel-7 Band MHz Rel-8 Band 39 Band MHz 100 MHz Rel-10 Band 41 Band 42 Band MHz 200 MHz 200 MHz Rel-11 Band MHz Ref: 3GPP TS Nokia Siemens Networks 2013

6 Carrier Aggregation Data rate addition Example: Spectrum assets Peak data rate on Cat.4 device with carrier aggregation 150 Mbps 20MHz in 2.6GHz band 20MHz in 800MHz band 150 Mbps Enables competitive peak data rates on non-contiguous spectrum Mitigates the challenge of fragmented spectrum 300 Mbps 1 Note 1: theoretical peak Aggregates downlink carriers for improved performance Dozens of band combinations in Rel-11 and Rel-12. Standard has both intra-band and inter-band carrier aggregation Can be used with unpaired spectrum to allow additional DL Ultrafast resource allocation provides higher average throughput 2011 World s first LTE-A dynamic carrier aggregation demo by NSN at MWC 2011 on Flexi Multiradio LTE enb 40 MHz (2 carriers) 290 Mbps More Dynamic Spectrum Usage for Better User Experience 6 Nokia Siemens Networks 2013

7 A new way of licensing spectrum Licensed Shared Access Mainstream Approach Auctions of Cleared Spectrum Complementary License Model Licensed Shared Access Unlicensed Approach Dedicated to Wi-Fi Exclusive Use Ensures Quality of Service * Preferred Option * Exclusive Shared Use Exclusive use on a shared and binary basis in Time, Location, and/or Frequency with Incumbent* (defense, government, etc.) Ensures Quality of Service Shared Use Unpredictable Quality of Service Worhshop with du Nokia Siemens Networks * a current holder of spectrum rights of use which have not been granted through an award procedure (first come, first served; beauty contest, auction) for commercial use

8 Innovative approach: Licensed Shared Access (LSA) Sharing rules between incumbent (e.g., DoD) and Licensed shared partner (including rules, rights, compensation, etc) must be pre-negotiated. Operator NSN/Qualcomm Demo at MWC 2013 LSA Controller LSA spectrum available for use in Region-A Initial State Only using Operator Exclusive Use Spectrum LSA Repository Incumbent Spectrum use information Permission to use LSA spectrum Binary Approach: Either incumbent or operator uses spectrum Introduces time aspect Worhshop with du Nokia Siemens Networks Base station Region-A Base station Region-B Operator Spectrum + LSA Spectrum Operator Licensed Spectrum IMT-device uses spectrum according to network control

9 Innovative approach: Licensed Shared Access (LSA) Sharing rules between incumbent (e.g., DoD) and Licensed shared partner (including rules, rights, compensation, etc) must be pre-negotiated. Operator NSN/Qualcomm Demo at MWC 2013 LSA Controller LSA spectrum available needed by for incumbent use Region-A in LSA Repository Incumbent Spectrum use information Permission Clear LSA to use LSA spectrum Binary Approach: Either incumbent or operator uses spectrum Introduces time aspect Worhshop with du Nokia Siemens Networks Base station Region-A Base station Region-B Operator Spectrum + LSA Spectrum Operator Licensed Spectrum IMT-device uses spectrum according to network control

10 LSA Opportunities in the US UL DL Spectrum auctioned planned for Feb 2015, requires sharing with government systems Broadcast Auxiliary Service (BAS) spectrum best choice for pairing, but access could be challenging. AWS-1 (3GPP Band 4) Preferred UL by Industry. NPRM expected Q Excellent international harmonization. Spectrum auction planned for Feb 2015 Sharing at 1700 MHz being worked in Commerce Spectrum Management Advisory Committee (CSMAC) / National Telecommunications & Information Administration (NTIA). Spectrum currently used by Military and satellite weather. CSMAC reports due: June FCC NPRM issued in Dec Industry interest for TDD small cells. Federal Spectrum High power radar Non-exclusive license light Cable TV feed Satellite Control Federal Spectrum at 3600 MHz currently in use by high power navy radar & satellite systems. Aligns with 3GPP TDD bands 42 & 43. Excellent for cellular small cells & international alignment Frequency (MHz) Nokia Siemens Networks 2013

11 Licensed Shared Access (LSA) in 3.5GHz Cleared, exclusively licensed spectrum is strongly preferred for predictable Quality of Service. Only when not possible or available in reasonable timeframe/cost, consider Licensed Shared Access. Goal: Provide greater degree of certainty for investment in small cell deployments. FCC s 3-Tier Proposal (based on PCAST 2012) NSN LSA 2-Tier Proposal Approach Incumbent Access (Federal, FSS) Priority Access (e.g., hospitals, utilities, state & local governments, ) General Authorized Access (e.g., residential, business, and others, incl. wireless telephone &Internet service providers, ) No Priority Access class of users. Instead, common LSA class of users (critical & non critical) Critical Access (e.g., hospitals, utilities, governments, PS, ) Incumbent Access (Federal, FSS) License Shared Access Non critical (e.g., operators) 11 Nokia Siemens Networks 2013

12 HetNet (Heterogeneous Networks) including Wi-Fi address data traffic growth with positive end user experience HetNets combine a range of radio access technologies Wi-Fi impacts: Cellular networks become more heterogeneous More capacity to access networks cost efficiently; both indoors and public hotspots Wide area Medium area Hot spots Indoor 12 Nokia Siemens Networks 2013

13 Wi-Fi Offload to Complement Cellular 20 Cellular Traffic Offloaded Traffic MHz Spectrum for WiFi % GHz GHz ad % GHz & GHz Source: Cisco VNI Mobile Forecast Nokia Siemens Networks 2013

14 TV White Space in U.S. TV White Space (TVWS) refer to unused TV channels in the VHF and UHF spectrum (e.g. unused due to frequency re-use pattern or limited TV offerings in rural areas) White spaces are fragmented in the TV spectrum and only regional and -potentially- temporarily available US regulator FCC adopted rules to allow unlicensed radio transmitters in TV White Spaces from June 2009, refined in September 2010 All devices must include 1. Geo-location capability except devices in client mode 2. Database access to get a list of protected services except devices in client mode VHF Channels UHF Channels & MHz MHz unused TV channel Fig.: Example of TV White Spaces (white space varies with location and even time of day) Note: Some upper UHF TV spectrum being repurposed for mobile broadband. Approach may be viable rural areas, but provides no broadband benefit in urban areas. Urban will have small fragments of spectrum with other usage (e.g., microphones) Worhshop with du Nokia Siemens Networks

15 Standards Related to White Space / LSA (partial list) IEEE IEEE af: Wi-Fi deployment in TV WS spectrum IEEE : Wireless Regional Area Networks (fixed wireless access system) IEEE : Coexistence methods for TV WS IEEE DySPAN: Dynamic Spectrum Access Ntwks (DySPAN). Protocols and data models for repositories (can be applied to LSA) IETF PAWS (Protocol to Access White Space) Database Protocol specification for TV WS database access May extend database for other white space (e.g. LSA) ETSI RRS (Reconfigurable Radio Systems) TV WS operation LSA / ASA Usage Roadmap for Cognitive Radios 3GPP Likely to require new interface(s) for LSA controller and repository (database) Worhshop with du Nokia Siemens Networks

16 Spectrum Sharing in Europe European Commission looking to identify more spectrum for wireless broadband Studying TV White Space and Licensed Shared Access European Union LSA efforts focused on GHz Published: System Reference Document for mobile broadband services in the 2300 MHz 2400 MHz band under Licensed Shared Access regime. [TR ] Developed in co-operations between ETSI and CEPT, ballot comments resolved: May 2013 Aligns with 3GPP TDD band 40 with excellent global support an ITU IMT band ETSI RRS beginning work on System Requirements for LSA in the MHz band, target completion Dec EU targeting for LSA 3GPP TDD Band 40 Use varies by country: Possibly exclusive license or may need LSA (currently used for telemetry & other) Unlicensed (WiFi, Bluetooth, etc) 2300 Frequency (MHz) Nokia Siemens Networks 2013

17 TV White Space Standards - Unlicensed IEEE Developed Wireless Regional Area Networks using TV White Space ( MHz, both VHF & UHF) Standard focused on rural areas using portable (nomadic) terminals. Spectrum sensing and spectrum mgmt Will sense TV (analog & digital television) and other (microphone) signals. Ntwk maintains an incumbent database. Senses in-band (channels currently in-use) and out-of-band (potential alternate channels). Network can create quiet periods for spectrum sensing. Subscribers can alert the BS to the presence of incumbents BS can then re-assign subscribers to move to a different channel Standard published July 2011 (IEEE ) IEEE af (White-fi) Modifies the Physical and MAC layers to operate in UHF TV White Space ( MHz) Standard leverages cognitive radios and geographic database. Standard currently in letter ballot with plans to publish in Dec Nokia Siemens Networks 2013

18 Summary Additional spectrum is needed for this critical national resource Below 1 GHz provides coverage for network. Between 1 and 5 GHz provides capacity for the data growth Exclusive licensed spectrum is clearly preferred Operator controls quality of service and interference management Substantial investment to deploy a new band operator needs assurance their investment is sound We see the need to maximise for global economies of scale and international roaming capabilities. Spectrum harmonisation needs to be a key consideration when re-allocating existing. Where exclusive use may not be possible, for spectrum optimization. LSA access models can open up scarcely used spectrum that is primarily allocated to other services while maintaining predictable Quality of Service. 18 Nokia Siemens Networks 2013

19 Thank You! Questions? Acknowledgements: Thanks to Amitava Ghosh and Worhshop with du Prakash Moorut of NSN. 19 Nokia Siemens Networks

20 BACKUP Worhshop with du Nokia Siemens Networks

21 Challenge: Sharing with Federal Government (CSMAC/NTIA* WGs) WG1: MHz Weather Satellite Receive Earth Stations WG2: MHz Law Enforcement Surveillance and other short range fixed WG3: MHz Satellite Control Links and Electronic Warfare WG4: MHz Fixed Point-to- Point and Tactical Radio Relay WG5: MHz Airborne Operations *Commerce Spectrum Management Advisory Committee/ National Telecommunications & Information Administration Worhshop with du Nokia Siemens Networks Costly ($18B) and timely (>10 years) Clearance: Consider Spectrum Sharing

22 Innovative approach: Licensed Shared Access (LSA) NSN/Qualcomm Demo at MWC 2013 LSA licensee (IMT-operator) grant/award of LSA rights Administration/ Regulator LSA spectrum and award rules LSA Controller where/when LSA spectrum is available (Dynamic) Permission or prohibition of use of LSA spectrum LSA Repository Incumbent Spectrum use information Binary Approach: Either incumbent or operator uses spectrum Introduces time aspect 22 Nokia Siemens Networks 2013 Base station Incumbent permits use of LSA spectrum Base station Incumbent prohibits use of LSA spectrum Use of exclusive + LSA spectrum Exclusive spectrum of IMToperator to be used IMT-device uses spectrum according to network control