Masterarbeit/ Master thesis. Optische Kommunikation in Hochvoltbatteriesystemen. Optical Communication in HV Battery Systems
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1 / Master thesis Optische Kommunikation in Hochvoltbatteriesystemen Optical Communication in HV Battery Systems Elektrik-/Elektronik-
2 Agenda 2 HV battery overview Optical communication concept in HV battery Motivation Tasks for implementing the Optical communication in HV battery Protocol stack Frame format Network topologies Mesh concept in HV battery communication Implementation and test results Conclusion and future scope Elektrik-/Elektronik-
3 Overview on HV battery 3 Cell Module Cell Module Cell Module Cell Module BMCe Plusbox DC+ NA+ CMCe CAN CMCe HV-Batt+ LV-Conn LE+ HV-Conn DC- Charger Aux LV-Conn HV-Conn DC- LE BMCe Minusbox HV-Batt- LE-/NA- HV-Conn LV-Conn LV- Connector Cell Module Cell Module Cell Module Cell Module BMCe SG MEB Trendline HV-Battery Source: Volkswagen AG Elektrik-/Elektronik-
4 CMC architecture 4 Source: Volkswagen AG Elektrik-/Elektronik-
5 Optical communication concept in HV battery Source: Volkswagen AG Elektrik-/Elektronik-
6 Motivation 6 CAN communication in HV battery Optical communication in HV battery + Less wiring harness + No plug connectors (less space) + Galvanic isolation is handled by the optical medium + No sealing for cables + Easy assembly + Robust against electromagnetic interferences Elektrik-/Elektronik-
7 7 Tasks for implementing the Optical communication in HV battery Understanding the funtionalityof opticalsignal Parameters of HV baterry Voltage, Temperature, Cell balancing, Diagnotics Synchronizination of the nodes Designing and implementation of frame format Understanding the packet by a node Fault detection and correction CollisionAvoidencewith CSMA/CA Elektrik-/Elektronik-
8 8 Tasks for implementing the Optical communication in HV battery Time triggering of the nodes Broadcast Sync request Routing algorithm (Mapping) Flooding Sequence number controlflooding Locating the nodes and dividing the network into areas OSPF Areas Test matrix Observing the test results Concept definition Parallel communication Data security Data safety Wake-up concept Diagnostics of the nodes (in vehicle and warehouse) Elektrik-/Elektronik-
9 Protocol stack 9 Elektrik-/Elektronik-
10 Frame format 10 Frame format in real environment Start of frame : Indicator to the node that frame starts here Source / Destination - Address : 8 bit, e.g Time Frame : Indicates the time at which frame has generated Data ID: Indicator for the BMC about the type of data present in packet. E.g: if byte 0x01 it indicates voltage, 0x02 as temperature, etc. Data: Voltage (144 bit) and temperature (40 bit) data CRC-1 : CRC generated for the data CRC-2: CRC generated from SOF till CRC-1 End of Frame: Indicator to the node that frame ends here Elektrik-/Elektronik-
11 Frame format in prototype environment 11 Frame format for prototype environment with voltage as data Frame format for prototype environment with temperature as data Since Arduino serial port can receive only 64 bytes of data at the given instance, the idea was to send 2 seperate packets for voltage and temperature Elektrik-/Elektronik-
12 Network topologies 12 Point-to-multipoint Point-to-point forwarding Mesh topology Elektrik-/Elektronik-
13 Mesh concept in HV battery communication 13 Initialization BMC Mapping BMC Established network BMC CMC 1 CMC 2 CMC 1 CMC 2 CMC 1 CMC 2 CMC 3 CMC 3 CMC 3 Elektrik-/Elektronik-
14 Development and test environment concept 14 IR Transceiver IR Transceiver IR Transceiver IR Transceiver Arduino Arduino Arduino Arduino BMC CMC Elektrik-/Elektronik-
15 Development and test environment concept (continued) 15 Elektrik-/Elektronik-
16 Test matrix 16 CSMA/CA Time (ms) Total messages Collisions % Collisions delay(10,50) Time (ms) Total messages Collisions % Collisions delay(10,60) Time (ms) Total messages Collisions % Collisions delay(10,100) Elektrik-/Elektronik-
17 Test matrix (continued) 17 Time division multiplexing with broadcast Timeslot (ms) Total number of broadcast messages from BMC to CMC Collisions % collisions Elektrik-/Elektronik-
18 Test matrix (continued) 18 Time division multiplexing with Sync request Elektrik-/Elektronik-
19 Test matrix (continued) 19 Combining CSMA/CA and Time division multiplexing with broadcast Elektrik-/Elektronik-
20 Acceptance Test environment concept 20 Elektrik-/Elektronik-
21 Conclusion 21 Due to the several advantages of Optical communication over CAN architecture, it can be used in HV battery communication OSPF was defined for the efficient data communication by dividing the complete network into smaller areas Pro-active routing could be used for mapping of the network Collisions in the network can be reduced by combining the TDM and CSMA/CA algorithm By either using LED or Laser diodes the range of the communication could be increased Elektrik-/Elektronik-
22 Future scope 22 If Optical communication proves to be reliable in HV battery commuication, then the research could be extended to Optical daisy-chain communication Optical daisy-chain would reduce the cost, since it does not require the microcontroller and isolators at each module Eventhough RF based wireless commuication does not use wiring harness, currently the concern with this technology is the electromagnetic interference Further research could be carried out towards implementing wireless optical communication in HV battery Elektrik-/Elektronik-
23 23 Vielen Dank für Ihre/Eure Aufmerksamkeit Thank you Elektrik-/Elektronik-
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