Best Practices to realise the full potential of Remote Powering. Paul Cave Technical Manager Excel Networking

Transcription

1 Best Practices to realise the full potential of Remote Powering Paul Cave Technical Manager Excel Networking

2 Benefits of Power over Ethernet (PoE) Remote Powering No requirement for local power outlets Power Saving Great reductions of the power used, it is estimated: Typical draw of devices is 8 Watts Using PoE for the 100 million + deployed devices could result in a 60.8 million Kilowatt hours of energy savings per year.

3 Benefits of Power over Ethernet (PoE) Emerging PoE Applications Market Application Typical Power Retail POS Systems 20-30W Banking/Finance IP Turrets 45W+ Building Management Fan Cool Units >25W Building Management Access Controllers >20W IP Security PTZ Cameras >25W Hospitality Digital Signage >25W Enterprise IT Thin Client, Laptop Charging >50W Enterprise IT Next Gen Wireless Access Points >25W

4 Benefits of Power over Ethernet (PoE) Power Savings Cost Savings Remote Powering NO more Bricks!

5 International Cabling Standards EN Distributed Building Services Enabling other services to be controlled over the network infrastructure ISO Distributed Building Services Very similar to the above

6 Why is this good news?

7 Infrastructure Allows the cabling to truly be part of the infrastructure Electric Gas Water Structured Cabling Fabric of the building 4 th Utility

8 PoE 101 The Fundamentals

9 Point of Clarification PoE is an application in the same way as 100Base-T Designed to operate over a Standards Compliant cabling infrastructure It does not require any Special cables

10 PoE - Power over Ethernet 802.3af Standard POE 15.4/12.95W Published in Watts Powering Watts Powered What is sent and what is received, the rest is lost in transmission 802.3at Enhanced POE or POE+ Published in Watts Powering 25.5 Watts Powered 802.3bt POE++ (working group) Being discussed started late no end date yet Minimum 49watts Possibly 100 Watts (for LED Lighting) Cisco UPoE could still play a part

11 PoE - Power over Ethernet Current Design Considerations Type 2 operation requires Class D, or better, cabling as specified in ISO/IEC 11801:1995 with the additional requirement that channel DC loop resistance shall be 25 Ω or less. These requirements are also met by Category 5e or better cable A PSE shall implement Alternative A, Alternative B, or both. While a PSE may be capable of both Alternative A and Alternative B, PSEs shall not operate both Alternative A and Alternative B on the same link segment simultaneously

12 PoE - Power over Ethernet Other Developments Cisco UPoE 60 Watts, 4 Pair Powering Recommending Category 6 A HDBase-T 100 Watts, 4 Pair Powering HD AV application Limits on Bundle Sizes Limits on Distance Only Supports 100Mb Ethernet

13 PoE Power over Ethernet There is no gain without pain! You don t lose Energy! It only converts into another form In this case, the electrical energy is lost is converted into heat! Early research had a limited testing methodology

14 Early Study Taken from TR TR 29125

15 TR Issues ISO/IEC TR 29125:2010 suggests that cables of a higher category produce lower temperature increases for a given current and bundle size. However, all categories of cable have the same maximum d.c. resistance specification based on a minimum conductor diameter and so, in practice, the actual conductor diameter and the d.c. resistance per unit length of the conductor may have more influence than the cable category. ISO/IEC TR 29125:2010 suggests that the temperature rise increases as both the current per pair increases and as the bundle size increases. However, external surfaces of the bundles were in open air, allowing cooling by radiation and convection. This is not representative of the full range of pathway systems, and when bundles are installed in unventilated cable management systems or in insulating materials, the temperature rise will be higher.

16 CLC TR The principle concerns associated with the delivery of power are: Increases in the operating temperature of the cables (exceeding their specified operating temperature); Damage to connecting hardware contacts where mating and de-mating occurs while the power supply current is flowing; The associated increase of channel attenuation/insertion loss, due to the increased temperature of installed cables, which unless balanced by reduced installed lengths will have a negative effect on channel ACR/PSACR (and may be associated with increased system bit error rates)

17 CLC TR Cenelec Design Considerations & Future Impact 4 Pair Powering will bring Heat and potentially lots of it! CLC TR Testing Methodology Complete, 37 cable bundle ideal Two sets of Test Data for validation, Commscope in Sweden Excel conducted testing in conjunction with De Montfort University Results were shared with Standards bodies producing the full Technical Report on Mitigation

18 Test Data

19 Test Data

20 CLC TR EN Mitigation Strategy If all cabling is designed to operate at 20C How to avoid the effects of heating Results showed from complete failures in extreme conditions to relatively no problems with others

21 PoE Power over Ethernet Why is this a problem? All the performance criteria for the 100m Channel as outlined in EN is based upon it operating at an ambient temperature of 20 C and for every degree over this level this distance should be reduced. Unscreened Screened

22 PoE Power over Ethernet The impact of this could mean that systems installed to handle a 90m PL could: Only deliver 80m or less whilst still being standards compliant Performance could also fluctuate depending on devices in use.

23 PoE Power over Ethernet Reduced Diameter Cables Perform worse than full size cables of a lower Category Size of Conductor and Size of Cable OD has a direct relation to the heating characteristics of the cable. CCA Copper Clad Aluminium Whilst the DC Resistance met the Cat6 standard the performance certainly did not. It heated up very quickly before failing!

24 PoE - Power over Ethernet Warranty Implications Some manufacturers T&Cs state State compliance with ISO Therefore operating temperature range for cable should be -10C to +60C

25 PoE - Power over Ethernet Summary, so far All Testing has shown, certain key factors have influence Insulated/Unventilated spaces perform worse Conductor Size Cable Size Also Screened Cables are better! Loose Lay of cable is beneficial

26 CLC TR EN Early Modelling Shows close agreement between the modelled values and the actual measure results Screened cables performed consistently better in all tests than unscreened. The data produced contributed to the development of CLC TR EN and a planned revision of TR IEC29125

27 CLC TR EN There are a number of Mitigations suggested in CLC TR EN Some include: Use of screened cables Larger cables Shorter horizontal cable runs Use of Mid-span devices Leading to shorter energised final cables Reduced bundles size 25mm gap between cable bundles Mechanical ventilation

28 CLC TR EN Also Careful planning using the modelling calculations provided is strongly recommended Accurate record keeping will be critical

29 Other Interested Bodies SPI-UL NEC HP/PoE Code Proposals SPI (Specialist Plastic Industry Association) Including DuPont and others Have identified that: FO and FO-PoE hybrids can permanently 'go dark' if co-located; or co-installed with Cu based HP/PoE that reach and exceed 70C in pathways Due to materials such as cyano-acrylics for FO claddings being damaged

30 Further Research Artificial aging effects Early indications are it does have a big impact Whilst the predicted impact on ACR and PSACR is marginal Return Loss performance appeared worse

31 Further Research Impact on the channel Special Heat Chamber Fluke DSX5000 Tested at 10C increments up to 80C Numerous heat cycles

32 Further Research Compare before and after just one cycle 2,000 mins (33 hrs) between B1 and B2

33 Further Research Return Loss performance was affected the most. However after the first cycle it stabilised

34 Further Research Impact of not following the standards Thanks also go to. Florence S. Akinnuoye She received her Master of Science degree in Communications Engineering from De Montfort University, Leicester in She is now a second year PhD student Alistair Duffy Professor of Electromagnetics at De Montfort University (DMU), Leicester, UK. Head of School of Electrical Engineering, Fellow of the IEEE and board member of IWCS

35 IEC Part : Test schedule for engaging and separating connectors under electrical load Test 99a: Connectors used in twisted pair communication cabling with remote power. Special Mating Rig required 25 mating and un-mating cycles, the current is then reversed for a further 25 4 Days, mixed flow gas chamber Mating and un-mating repeated cycles repeated 20mΩ maximum variance from initial test Please note these numbers are being revised due to development of 802.3bt

36 One word of Advice! Research Equipment Claims Standards Cabling Systems Integration Partners who understand all this!!!

37 BS EN Information Technology Generic Cabling Systems: Part 6 Distributed Building Services The distribution of these services is provided: using the balanced cabling channel Classes of EN and the all-silica optical fibre cabling channel Classes of EN ; to locations other than those specified by premisesspecific standards in the EN series either as a standalone structure and configuration or as an overlay to an EN structure and configuration.

38 BS EN Some new terms What would a standard be without new acronyms! SCP Service Concentration Point Similar to a CP Consolidation Point SD Service Distributor Similar to Floor or Building Distributor SO Service Outlet Similar to a TO Telecommunications Outlet

39 Generic cabling to SO BS EN

40 Type B Generic cabling to SCP BS EN

41 BS EN Type B Active equipment at SCP This is the difference to a CP (Consolidation Point)

42 BS EN Service Area Guidelines

43 Conclusion Higher power is coming Consider your options carefully of how to handle the side effects Integrating structured cabling as part of the fabric of the building is now increasingly common Building Service LANs will become common One way of potentially mitigating the implications of higher Power over Ethernet, may involve EN & ISO Good installation practice will be even more crucial An Integrator with the right knowledge is key.

44 Storage Servers Cloud Internet But What Else Connects to the End of a Cable? Traditional Rapid Growth New! Desktops Printers IP CCTV Wireless APs Access Control Connected Lighting Tablets and Smartphones Laptops Amazon Dash Amazon Buttons Dash Connected Washing Machines with APPs

45 Emerging Technologies Intelligent Lighting Solutions Uses Standard Compliant 802.3at But so much more than just lighting! Intelligent Building Intelligent Environments

46 Emerging Technologies

47 Emerging Technologies

48 Thank You Thank You