H3C MSR 20 Routers. Installation Guide. Hangzhou H3C Technologies Co., Ltd. Document version: T K C-1.

Transcription

1 H3C MSR 20 Routers Installation Guide Hangzhou H3C Technologies Co., Ltd. Document version: T K C-1.05

2 Copyright , Hangzhou H3C Technologies Co., Ltd. and its licensors All rights reserved Trademarks No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written consent of Hangzhou H3C Technologies Co., Ltd. H3C,, Aolynk,, H 3 Care,, TOP G,, IRF, NetPilot, Neocean, NeoVTL, SecPro, SecPoint, SecEngine, SecPath, Comware, Secware, Storware, NQA, VVG, V 2 G, V n G, PSPT, XGbus, N-Bus, TiGem, InnoVision and HUASAN are trademarks of Hangzhou H3C Technologies Co., Ltd. Notice All other trademarks that may be mentioned in this manual are the property of their respective owners The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and recommendations in this document do not constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied. Environmental protection This product has been designed to comply with the environmental protection requirements. The storage, use, and disposal of this product must meet the applicable national laws and regulations.

3 Preface The H3C MSR 20 Routers Installation Guide describes how to install the H3C MSR 20 Routers, maintain software and hardware of the router, and solve problems you may encounter during the installation process. This preface includes: Audience Conventions About the H3C MSR documentation set Obtaining documentation Technical support Documentation feedback Audience This documentation is intended for: Network planners Field technical support and servicing engineers Network administrators working with the MSR Series Conventions Symbols This section describes the conventions used in this documentation set. Convention WARNING CAUTION IMPORTANT NOTE TIP Description An alert that calls attention to important information that if not understood or followed can result in personal injury. An alert that calls attention to important information that if not understood or followed can result in data loss, data corruption, or damage to hardware or software. An alert that calls attention to essential information. An alert that contains additional or supplementary information. An alert that provides helpful information. Network topology icons Represents a generic network device, such as a router, switch, or firewall. Represents a routing-capable device, such as a router or Layer 3 switch.

4 Represents a generic switch, such as a Layer 2 or Layer 3 switch, or a router that supports Layer 2 forwarding and other Layer 2 features. About the H3C MSR documentation set The H3C MSR documentation set includes: Category Documents Purposes MSR 900 Routers Marketing brochures Product description and specifications Hardware specifications and installation Software configuration Operations and maintenance MSR 20-1X Routers Marketing brochures MSR 20-2X[40] Routers Marketing brochures MSR 30 Routers Marketing brochures MSR 50-40[60] Routers Marketing brochures MSR 900 Routers Installation guide MSR 20-1X Routers Installation guide MSR 20-2X[40] Routers Installation guide MSR 30 Routers Installation guide MSR 50 Routers Installation guide MSR Series Routers Interface Module Manual MSR Series Routers Configuration guides MSR Series Routers Command references MSR Series Routers Web Configuration guides MSR Basic Series Routers Release notes MSR Standard Series Routers Release notes Describe product specifications and benefits. Provides a complete guide to hardware installation and hardware specifications. Describe software features and configuration procedures. Provide a quick reference to all available commands. Describe Web software features and configuration procedures. Provide information about the product release, including the version history, hardware and software compatibility matrix, version upgrade information, technical support information, and software upgrading. Obtaining documentation You can access the most up-to-date H3C product documentation on the World Wide Web at Click the links on the top navigation bar to obtain different categories of product documentation:

5 [Technical Support & Documents > Technical Documents] Provides hardware installation, software upgrading, and software feature configuration and maintenance documentation. [Products & Solutions] Provides information about products and technologies, as well as solutions. [Technical Support & Documents > Software Download] Provides the documentation released with the software version. Technical support Documentation feedback You can your comments about product documentation to We appreciate your comments.

6 Contents Overview 1 Introduction 1 Router Model and Structure 1 Hardware Specifications 1 MSR Router 2 MSR Router 4 MSR Router 6 Generic Modules 8 SIC and DSIC Interface Cards 8 ESM Module 8 VPM and VCPM Module 9 Installation Preparations 10 Requirements on Environment 10 Requirements on Temperature/Humidity 10 Requirements on Cleanness 10 Requirements on Electrostatic Discharge Prevention 11 Requirements on Electromagnetic Environments 11 Requirements on Preventing Lightning 11 Checking the Rack 12 Safety Precautions 12 Installation Tools and Meters and Equipments 12 Installation 14 Installation Process 14 Installing the Cabinet 14 Installing the Router 14 Installing the Router on a Workbench 15 Installing the Router in a Cabinet 15 Installing Generic Modules 17 Connecting the PGND Cable 17 Connecting the Power Cord 18 Power Input and PGND 18 Connecting the AC-input Power Cord 18 Connecting the Console Terminal 19 Fixed Interfaces 20 Ethernet Interface 20 Ethernet Switching Interface 21 Connecting AUX to a Modem 22 Interface Modules 23 Installing and Removing Interface Modules 23 Slide Rail 24 Installing a DSIC Interface Card 24 Removing a DSIC Interface Card 25 Verifying Installation 25 Startup and Configuration 26 Startup 26 Setting up Configuration Environment 26 Powering on the Router 28 i

7 Startup Process 29 Configuration Fundamentals 30 Basic Configuration Procedures 30 Command Line Interface 30 Arranging Slots and Numbering Interfaces 31 Software Maintenance 33 Introduction 33 Files 33 Software Maintenance Methods 34 Maintaining Application Program and Configuration Through Command Lines 35 Maintaining the Router Through TFTP Server 36 Maintaining the Router Through FTP Server 38 BootWare Menu 41 Main BootWare Menu 41 BootWare Submenus 43 Upgrading an Application Program Through an Ethernet Interface 46 Configuring Ethernet Interface Parameters 46 Upgrading Procedure 47 Upgrading BootWare Through Ethernet Interface 49 Upgrading BootWare Through Serial Interface 49 XModem Protocol Overview 49 Modifying Serial Interface Parameters 50 Upgrading BootWare 51 Upgrading an Application Program through a Serial Interface 53 Maintaining Application and Configuration Files 53 Dealing with Password Loss 55 User Password Loss 55 BootWare Password Loss 56 Super Password Loss 56 Backing Up and Restoring BootWare 57 Hardware Maintenance 58 Preparing Tools 58 Opening/Closing Chassis Cover 58 Internal Structure 60 Installing/Removing CF Card 61 Structure 61 Installing CF Card 61 Removing CF Card 62 Replacing Memory Bar 62 Memory Bar Structure 63 Memory Bar Slot 64 Installing/Removing Memory Bar 64 Installing/Removing ESM/VCPM Card 65 Troubleshooting 67 Troubleshooting the Power System 67 Troubleshooting the Configuration System 67 Troubleshooting Application Software Upgrade 68 Index 70 ii

8 Overview Introduction MSR 20 Routers were self-developed for use on enterprise-level networks. Depending on the network size, MSR 20 Routers can be either core routers on small and medium enterprise networks, or access routers for network branches on some large-sized enterprise networks. Therefore, MSR 20 Routers are suitable for the application on the carrier-level networks, such as telecom management networks and billing networks. MSR 20 Routers adopt modular design and provide a wide range of optional smart interface cards (SICs). The MSR-20, MSR and MSR are available with AC-powered units. Currently, the MSR 20 includes the following models: MSR MSR MSR Router Model and Structure The MSR 20 Routers include MSR 20-20, MSR 20-21, and MSR These three models are similar in chassis structure and layout. All of them can be put on the tabletop and can be mounted in 19-inch standard racks. The following subsections will give you more details about these three models. Hardware Specifications Table 1 Hardware specifications for the MSR 20 routers Item MSR MSR MSR Console AUX Fixed interfaces USB FE Two FE interfaces Two FE interfaces Two FE interfaces FE switching interface External modules SIC module 2 SICs 2 SICs 4 SICs (compatible with 2 DSICs) Internal modules ESM module VCPM module VPM strip Processor PowerPC PowerPC PowerPC Boot ROM 4 MB 4 MB 4 MB 1

9 Item MSR MSR MSR SDRAM SDRAM SDRAM Memory Default: 128 MB Default: 128 MB Default: 128 MB Maximum: 384 MB Maximum: 384 MB Maximum: 384 MB CF flash Default: 256 MB Maximum: 1 GB Default: 256 MB Maximum: 1 GB Default: 256 MB Maximum: 1 GB Dimensions (H W D) (excluding feet and mounting brackets) mm ( in.) mm ( in.) mm ( in.) Weight 3.4 kg (7.5 lb.) 3.4 kg (7.5 lb.) 5.4 kg (11.9 lb.) AC input Rated voltage: 100 VAC to 240 VAC; 50/60 Hz Rated voltage: 100 VAC to 240 VAC; 50/60 Hz Rated voltage: 100 VAC to 240 VAC; 50/60 Hz Max power consumption 54 W 54 W 100 W Operating temperature 0 C to 40 C (32 F to 104 F) 0 C to 40 C (32 F to 104 F) 0 C to 40 C (32 F to 104 F) Relative humidity (non-condensing) 5% to 90% 5% to 90% 5% to 90% NOTE: The Boot ROM stores the Bootstrap for booting the router. The memory is used to store the communication data between the system and the CPU when the system is running. The CF card is used to store the software system and configuration file. The CF card LED blinks when the system is reading/writing data from/to the CF card. In this case, do not remove the CF card, otherwise hardware and software damage may occur. Do not unplug the USB device during USB data transmission; otherwise, data loss or even hardware failures may occur. The USB interface does not support hot-swapping of USB modems from Sierra Wireless. MSR Router Appearance 1. Front view 2

10 Figure 1 Front view of an MSR router (1) Power LED (PWR) (2) System LED (SYS) (3) ESM LED (ESM) 2. Rear view Figure 2 Rear view of an MSR router (1) SIC slot2 (2) SIC slot1 (3) Grounding terminal (4) Power socket (5) Power switch (6) Fixed Ethernet port0 (LAN0) (7) Fixed Ethernet interface 1 (LAN1) (8) Console port (CON) (9) Auxiliary port (AUX) (10) USB interface (11) CF card Panel LEDs The following table gives the features of MSR router LEDs: Table 2 Front panel LEDs of an MSR router LED PWR SYS Description Power LED: ON means power is on. OFF means power is off. System operating LED: Green and fast blinking means the system is booting. Green and slow blinking means the system is operating normally. Yellow and fast blinking means the system is malfunctioning. Steady OFF means the system does not operate normally. 3

11 LED ESM Description ESM module LED: Green and slow blinking means the system is booting. Green means ESM card is operation normally. Yellow means ESM card is malfunctioning. Steady OFF means no ESM card is present. Table 3 Rear panel LEDs of an MSR router LED LINK ACT CF Description OFF means no link is present. ON means a link is present. OFF means no data is being transmitted or received. Blinking means data is being transmitted or received. Steady green means a CF card is present. Green and blinking means the CF card is reading/writing data. To prevent data corruption, do not remove the running CF card. Steady yellow means the present CF card is malfunctioning. Steady OFF means no CF card is present or the present CF card cannot be identified by the system. MSR Router Appearance 1. Front view Figure 3 Front view of an MSR (1) Power LED (PWR) (2) System LED (SYS) (3) ESM LED (ESM) 2. Rear view 4

12 Figure 4 Rear view of an MSR (1) SIC slot2 (2) SIC slot1 (3) Grounding terminal (4) Power socket (5) Power switch (6) Fixed Ethernet port0 (LAN0) (7) Fixed Ethernet port1 (LAN1) (8) Console port (CON) (9) Auxiliary port (AUX) (10) USB interface (11) CF card (12) Fixed L2 switching port (LAN2 through LAN9) Panel LEDs The following table gives the features of MSR router LEDs: Table 4 Front panel LEDs description of an MSR router LED PWR SYS ESM Description Power LED: ON means power is on. OFF means power is off. System operating LED: Green and fast blinking means the system is booting. Green and slow blinking means the system is operating normally. Yellow and fast blinking means the system is malfunctioning. Steady OFF means the system does not operate normally. ESM module LED: Green and slow blinking means the system is booting. Steady green means ESM card is operation normally. Steady yellow means ESM card is malfunctioning. Steady OFF means no ESM card is present. Table 5 The rear panel LEDs of an MSR router LED LINK Description OFF means no link is present. ON means a link is present. 5

13 LED ACT CF Description OFF means no data is being transmitted or received. Blinking means data is being transmitted or received. Steady green means a CF card is present. Green and blinking means the CF card is reading/writing data. To prevent data corruption, do not remove the running CF card. Steady yellow means the present CF card is malfunctioning. Steady OFF means no CF card is present or the present CF card cannot be identified by the system. MSR Router Appearance 1. Front view Figure 5 Front view of an MSR (1) Power LED (POWER) (2) System LED (SYSTEM) (3) Console port (CONSOLE) (4) Auxiliary port (AUX) (5) USB interface (6) CF card (7) Power socket (8) Power switch 2. Rear view 6

14 Figure 6 Rear view of an MSR (1) FE interface 0 (2) FE interface 1 (3) SIC slot1 (4) SIC slot2 (5) SIC slot3 (6) SIC slot4 (7) Grounding terminal (8) LEDs Panel LEDs Description of LEDs on an MSR router is as follows: Table 6 Front panel LEDs of an MSR router LED PWR SYS CF Description Power LED: ON means the circuit board supplies power normally. OFF means the circuit board does not supply power. Hardware system operation LED: Blinking means the system is operating normally. Steady ON or steady OFF means the system does not operate normally. CF card LED: Steady green means the CF card is in place, and can be identified by the router. Blinking green means the CF card is being accessed and cannot be removed. Steady yellow means the CF card is in place, but cannot be identified by the router. OFF means no CF card is inserted or the CF card cannot be identified. Table 7 Rear panel LEDs of an MSR router LED LINK ACT ESM0 to 1 Description OFF means no link is present. ON means a link is present. OFF means no data is being transmitted or received. Blinking means data is being transmitted or received. OFF means no ESM is in the ESMx slot. Steady green means an ESM is in the ESMx slot and operates normally. Steady yellow means an ESM is in the ESMx slot but does not operate normally. 7

15 LED VCPM VPM0 to 1 Description OFF means no VCPM is in the slot. Steady green means a VCPM is in the slot and operates normally. Steady yellow means a VCPM is in the slot but does not operate normally. OFF means no VPM is in the VPMx slot. Steady green means a VPM is in the VPMx slot and operates normally. Steady yellow means a VPM is in the VPMx slot but does not operate normally. Generic Modules The MSR 20 is available with generic modules such as SIC interface card and ESM. For detailed information about interface cards, refer to MSR Series Routers Interface Module Manual. For the types of interface modules that each model of the MSR 20 routers can accommodate, refer to Appendix A Interface Card and Interface Module Purchase Guide in the MSR Series Routers Interface Module Manual. SIC and DSIC Interface Cards MSR series routers adopt modular design and support a wide range of optional SIC/DSIC interface cards, providing various interfaces, such as synchronous/asynchronous serial interface, Ethernet interface, E1/T1, ISDN BRI/PRI, ADSL, audio interface, and Layer 2 switching interface, and so on. NOTE: For an MSR router, 4FSW/1FEA/1GEC/1ADSL/1ADSL-I can only be installed in Slot 2 or Slot 4. Currently, MSR 20 routers do not support PoE and regard SIC-4FSW-POE and DSIC-9FSW-POE (if used) as only ordinary Layer 2 switching modules. ESM Module High-performance network data encryption ESM module (ESM-ANDE) Standard network data encryption ESM module (ESM-SNDE) ESM module supports IPSec and by using hardware encryption expedites IP packet encryption. The use of hardware encryption/decryption and hashing operation allows the router to encrypt packets with high performance and reliability. The encryption card is optional. On a router installed with an encryption card, the main control board functions to route IP packets and implement encryption-enabled VPN, while the encryption card functions to encrypt packets. Table 8 Encryption card attributes Attribute Protocol Description IPsec 8

16 Attribute Hardware encryption algorithm Description Key algorithms: DES, 3DES, AES Authentication algorithms: HMAC-MD5-96, HMAC-SHA-1-96 VPM and VCPM Module VPM (Voice Processing Module) functions to implement the encryption/decryption, EC and CNG of voices. VCPM (Voice Co-Processing Module) processes the voice data in combination with VPM. Voice co-processing module (RT-VCPM) 8-channel voice processing module (RT-VPM8) 16-channel voice processing module (RT-VPM16) 24-channel voice processing module (RT-VPM24) 32-channel voice processing module (RT-VPM32) NOTE: VPM/VCPM is only available on MSR

17 Installation Preparations Requirements on Environment The MSR 20 routers are designed for indoor applications. To ensure the normal operation and prolong their service life, the following requirements for installation site must be met. Requirements on Temperature/Humidity To ensure the normal operation and prolong their service life, certain requirements on temperature and humidity in the equipment room shall be met. If the relative humidity is too high, the insulation materials in it will deteriorate easily or even lead to electric leakage. Sometimes this will result in change to the mechanical performance of the materials and rusting of the metal components. If the relative humidity is too low, the fastening screw will become loosen due to shrinkage of the isolation spacer. In an environment with dry climate, static electricity may be produced, putting the CMOS of the router to risk. High temperature is of the greatest risk: for it will significantly degrade the router s reliability, speed up aging process of the insulating materials, and shorten the service life of the router. The requirements on the temperature and humidity for MSR 20 are shown in the following table: Table 9 Temperature/humidity requirements in the equipment room Temperature Relative humidity 0 C to 40 C (32 F to 104 F) 5% to 90% (non-condensing) Requirements on Cleanness Dust is harmful to the safe operation of the Router. Dust on the chassis may result in static absorption, thus causing poor contact of the metal connection components or points. Especially under the condition of low indoor humidity, dust is easier to be absorbed. The requirements on the dust concentration and diameter are shown in the following table: Table 10 Limitation on dust content in equipment room Diameter (μm) Concentration (particle/m³) Besides the dust specifications, the equipment room of the Router should also meet the rigorous requirements for the content of salt, acid and sulfide. These harmful gases could accelerate the metal erosion and aging process of some parts. The specific limits of these harmful gases as SO 2, H 2 S, NO 2, NH 3 and CI 2 are given in the following table. Table 11 Harmful limits in equipment room Gas Max (mg/m 3 ) SO

18 Gas Max (mg/m 3 ) H2S NH CI Requirements on Electrostatic Discharge Prevention Although many antistatic considerations have been given to MSR 20, damage to the router s circuit or even the whole equipment may still happen when the static electricity exceeds the tolerance threshold. In the communication network to which the routers are connected, static induction mainly comes from two aspects: external electric fields such as outdoor high voltage power line or thunder and internal environment like flooring materials or the whole equipment structure. Thus, the following should be considered to safeguard the equipment against ESD. Make sure that the equipment and the floor are well grounded. The equipment room is dust-proof. Maintain an appropriate humidity and temperature. Wear an ESD-preventive wrist strap and uniform when contacting the circuit board. Place the uninstalled circuit board on the antistatic workbench, with its face upward, or put it into the static shielding bag. When observing or removing the uninstalled circuit board, please touch the edge of the circuit board, and avoid contacting the devices on it. Requirements on Electromagnetic Environments The interference sources, no matter where they come from, affect the routers with capacitance coupling, inductance coupling, radiation of electromagnetic wave, common impedance (including the grounding system) or conducting line (power line, signal line and transmission line etc.). So the following should be considered: Take effective measures to prevent the power system from being interfered with by the power grid system. Use an earthing system or lightning protection grounding different from that for the power supply equipment and keep them as far as possible. Keep the router far away from the radio launcher, radar launcher, and high-frequency devices working in high current. Use electromagnetic shielding when necessary. Requirements on Preventing Lightning Although many measures have been taken to protect MSR 20 from lightning, if the lightning intensity exceeds a certain range, damage to the router may still happen. To protect the router from lightning better, the following should be considered: Ensure the PGND wire of the chassis is well grounded. Ensure the ground point of the socket of AC power supply is well grounded. 11

19 To enhance the lightning protection capability of the power supply, a lightning arrester could be installed at the input end of the power supply. As for the signal line outdoors to which the interface modules of MSR 20 routers are connected, such as ISDN line, telephone line, E1/T1 line, etc, a special lightning arrester should be installed at the input end of the signal line to enhance the lightning protection capability. Checking the Rack When installing MSR 20 Routers, observe the following: There is spacing reserved at the air inlet and outlet in the router so as to facilitate the radiation of the router cabinet. Make sure that the rack has a good ventilation system. Make sure that the rack is sturdy enough to support the weight of the device and the installation accessories. Make sure that the rack is well-grounded. Safety Precautions Routers play a key role in data communications network. Please pay attention to the following: WARNING: indicates that this operation is incorrect and may seriously damage the router or endanger the operator. Please follow the correct operation procedures for sake of safety. CAUTION: indicates that during the installation and usage of the router, the operation needs attention. If this operation is performed incorrectly, it might affect the operation of the router. When installing or working on the router, you are recommended to: Keep the router far away from the heat sources and water/liquid. Make sure that the router has been correctly grounded. Wear an ESD-preventive wrist strap in installation and maintenance, making sure that the strap has good skin contact. Do not hot swap the interface modules and interface cards of the router. Do not hot swap any cable. Correctly connect the interface cable for the router. Do not connect the telephone cable (including the ISDN cable) to the AUX port or the console port. Use laser with caution. Do not directly stare into apertures or fiber-optic connectors that emit laser radiation. Adopt uninterrupted power supply (UPS). Installation Tools and Meters and Equipments Tools Phillips screwdriver Straight screwdriver ESD-preventive twist strap 12

20 Cables PGND wire and power cord Console cable Optional cables Meters and equipment Hub or LAN switch Console terminal (it could be a PC) Equipment related to the selected modules Multimeter CAUTION: None of the above-mentioned installation tools, meters, and equipment are shipped with MSR 20 routers. 13

21 Installation Installation Process Figure 7 MSR 20 Router installation process Installing the Cabinet For cabinet installation methods, refer to the part discussing cabinet installation. Skip this section if you want to mount your router on the tabletop or the rack of another vendor. Installing the Router Table 12 describes physical dimensions of three models of the MSR 20 routers. 14

22 Table 12 Physical dimensions of the MSR 20 routers Model MSR MSR MSR Physical dimension (H W D) (excluding feet and mounting brackets) mm ( in.) mm ( in.) mm ( in.) Install the router after you have completed the installation preparations. The router can be installed: On a workbench In a cabinet Installing the Router on a Workbench In many circumstances, you may not own a 19-inch standard rack. Usually, the router will be installed on a clean workbench. The operations are very simple, but still, you should be aware of the following items: Ensure the stability and well-grounding of the workbench. Reserve a space of 10 cm (3.9 in.) around the router for heat dissipation. Do not place heavy objects on the router to avoid extruding the device and affecting heat dissipation performance. Installing the Router in a Cabinet You can install an MSR 20 router in a 19-inch standard cabinet, such as an H3C N68 rack. For the installation of an N68 rack, refer to N68 Cabinet Installation Guide. Mounting brackets Figure 8 Mounting brackets (1) Left-front mounting bracket (2) Right-front mounting bracket (3) Left-rear mounting bracket (4) Right-rear mounting bracket 15

23 Installation process Step1 Check the grounding and stability of the rack. Use the screws to fix the mounting brackets at both sides of the front panel or the rear panel of the router. Step2 Put the router in a rack tray. For MSR routers, use dedicated ears mounted on the rear panel if no tray is available. Depending on the actual situation, slide the router along the chassis guides to an appropriate place. Step3 Fasten the mounting brackets with the recess screws to fix the router in the rack horizontally and firmly. The specifications of recess screws should satisfy the installation requirements and the surface of the screws should be anti-rust. Figure 9 Installing MSR 20 Router in a rack 16

24 Figure 10 Installing ears on the rear panel of the MSR Router Installing Generic Modules Installing generic modules includes installing the memory, ESM cards, and FICs. For more information about the memory and ESM cards and their installation, refer to Chapter 6 Hardware Maintenance in this manual. For more information about FICs and their installation, refer to MSR Series Routers Interface Module Manual. Connecting the PGND Cable WARNING! The correct connection of the protection ground (PGND) cable on the router chassis is an essential safeguard against lightning strokes and EMI. You need to correctly connect the PGND cable when installing or using the router. The power input end of MSR 20 router is connected to a noise filter. The neutral point of the noise filter is directly connected to the chassis and is called protection ground (PGND). The PGND wire must be well grounded, so as to safely conduct the faradism and leaky electricity to the earth ground, and thereby improve the capability of the whole device to guard against the electromagnetic interference. This PGND wire can also protect the router against the lightning caused by the connection with the external network lines, such as E1/T1 line, ISDN/PSTN line. The grounding screw of MSR 20 Router, which is marked with grounding label, is located near the AC power socket and its switch on the rear panel of the chassis, as shown in the following figure: 17

25 Figure 11 Grounding terminal of the router Use a PGND wire to connect the screw to the earth ground, and the grounding resistance should not be greater than 5-ohm. Likewise, if the router is installed in a 19-inch standard rack, this rack is required to be grounded too. WARNING! When the router is in normal operation, it is required to be well grounded. Otherwise, the router cannot reliably avoid lightning, which may damage the router itself and even the peer device. Connecting the Power Cord The MSR 20-20/20-21/20-40 router is available with AC-powered units. Power Input and PGND Table 13 Power input and PGND of the MSR 20-20/20-21/20-40 router Item Power input PGND Description 100 VAC to 240 VAC power input socket Connected to the earth ground with ground cable Connecting the AC-input Power Cord AC power supply Rated voltage range: 100 VAC to 240 VAC, 50 Hz/60 Hz The following figure illustrates the partial external appearance of the power socket for an AC-powered router: 18

26 Figure 12 Power socket on AC-powered units (1) Power switch (2) AC input AC power socket (recommended) You are recommended to use a three-terminal single-phase power socket with ground contact, which must be grounded reliably. Normally, the ground contact of the power supply system in a building was buried during construction and cabling. Still, before connecting the AC-input power cord, you must make sure that the power supply of the building is well grounded. Connecting the AC-input power cord Step1 Make sure that the PGND is securely connected to the earth ground. Step2 When the power switch of the router is in the OFF position, insert one end of the power cord accompanying the router into the power socket on the chassis rear panel, and connect the other end of the cable to an AC power source at your installation site. Step3 Place the power switch of the router to the ON position. Step4 Check that the PWR LED on the front panel of the router is on for correct connection. Connecting the Console Terminal Console port MSR 20 provides an RS232 asynchronous serial console (CON) port for router configuration, through which you can complete the configuration of the router. For its attributes, refer to Table 14: Table 14 Attributes of the console port Attribute Connector Interface standard Baud rate Function Description RJ-45 RS bps (default) to 115,200 bps Connecting to the ASCII terminal Connecting to the serial interface of the local PC and running terminal emulation program on the PC Command line interface Console cable Console cable is an eight-wire shielded cable. At one end of the cable is a crimped RJ-45 connector to the console port on the router; at the other end of the cable is a DB-9 (female) connector to the serial port on the console terminal. 19

27 The following figure illustrates the console cable. Figure 13 Console cable Connecting the console cable Follow these steps to connect the router to a console terminal: Step1 Select a console terminal. It can be a standard ASCII terminal with an RS232 serial port, or more commonly, a PC. Step2 Connect the console cable. Power down the router and the console terminal, connect the RS232 serial port on the console terminal to the console port on the router through the console cable. Verify the connection and power up the devices. The console terminal shows the startup information of the router if the connection is correct. Fixed Interfaces Ethernet Interface Ethernet interface MSR 20 Routers are available with fixed 100Base-TX FE interface(s) and Ethernet modules/cards for expansion. For more information, refer to MSR Series Routers Interface Module Manual. The following table describes Ethernet interface attributes. Table 15 Attributes of the Ethernet interface Attribute Connector Interface Frame format Operating mode Description RJ-45 MDI/MDIX autosensing Ethernet_II Ethernet_SNAP 10/100 Mbps autosensing Full duplex/half duplex NOTE: MDI (Media Dependent Interface) is a typical type of Ethernet interface provided by network adapters. MDIX is crossover media-dependent interface, which is commonly found on a Hub or LAN switch. 20

28 Ethernet cable Ethernet interfaces usually use category 5 twisted pair cables, as shown in the following figure: Figure 14 Ethernet cable Ethernet cables fit into the following two categories: Standard cable, also called straight-through cable, at both ends of which, wires are crimped in the RJ-45 connectors in the same sequence. The cable connects different categories of devices, such as a terminal device (PC for example) or router to a Hub or LAN switch. The cable accompanying the router is standard cable. Crossover cable, at both ends of which, wires are crimped in the RJ-45 connectors in different sequences. The cable connects the same category of devices, such as PC to PC or PC to router. You can make crossover cables yourself as needed. NOTE: In making network cables, shielded cables are preferred for electromagnetic compatibility sake. Connecting the Ethernet cable Follow the steps below to connect an Ethernet cable: Step1 Connect one end of the Ethernet cable to an Ethernet port on the router and the other end to another device. For a 10/100 Mbps port provided by the RPU, connect it to a PC or another router using a crossover cable or to a Hub or LAN switch using a straight-through cable. Step2 View the LINK LED of the Ethernet interface: ON means a link is present. OFF means no link is present; check the line for the cause. Ethernet Switching Interface The MSR Router is available with fixed 100Base-TX FE interface(s). The following table describes Ethernet switching interface attributes: Table 16 Attributes of the Ethernet switching interface Attribute Connector Interface Frame format Operating mode Description RJ-45 MDI/MDIX Ethernet_II Ethernet_SNAP 10/100 Mbps autosensing Full duplex/half duplex 21

29 Ethernet cable NOTE: MDI (media dependent interface is a typical type of Ethernet interface provided by network adapters. MDIX is crossover media-dependent interface, which is commonly found on a Hub or LAN switch. Ethernet interfaces usually use category 5 twisted pair cables, as shown in the following figure: Figure 15 Ethernet cable Ethernet cables fit into the following two categories: Standard cable, also called straight-through cable, at both ends of which, wires are crimped in the RJ-45 connectors in the same sequence. The cable connects different categories of devices, such as a terminal device (PC for example) or router to a Hub or LAN switch. The cable accompanying the router is straight-through cable. Crossover cable, at both ends of which, wires are crimped in the RJ-45 connectors in different sequences. The cable connects the same category of devices, such as PC to PC or PC to router. You can make crossover cables yourself as needed. NOTE: In making network cables, shielded cables are preferred for electromagnetic compatibility sake. Connecting the Ethernet cable Follow the steps below to connect an Ethernet cable: Step1 Connect one end of the Ethernet cable to an Ethernet port on the router and the other end to another device. For a 10/100 Mbps port provided by the RPU, connect it to a PC or another router using a crossover cable or to a Hub or LAN switch using a straight-through cable. Step2 View the LINK LED of the Ethernet interface: ON means a link is present. Connecting AUX to a Modem AUX port AUX cable AUX is an RS232 asynchronous serial interface, which can back up a WAN interface and provide dial connection. In case of console failure, AUX can function as a console interface. AUX cable is an eight-wire shielded cable. At one end of the cable is an RJ-45 connector for connecting the console port on the router. At the other end are DB-9 (male) connector and DB-25 (male) connector. You can plug either of them into the serial port on a modem as needed. 22

30 Figure 16 AUX cable Connecting the AUX cable Follow these steps to connect the AUX cable. Step1 Plug the RJ-45 connector of the cable into the AUX port on the main board. Step2 Plug the DB-25 or DB-9 connector into the serial port on the analog modem. When using the AUX interface for remote configuration or dial backup, you need to connect the local modem to the remote modem through PSTN and then to the remote device. For the configuration procedures, refer to MSR Series Routers Configuration Guide. Interface Modules The MSR 20 Routers are available with various types of interface modules. For detailed information refer to MSR Series Routers Interface Module Manual. Installing and Removing Interface Modules With support for removable slide rails, the MSR 20 routers deliver great flexibility and expandability by applying DSIC interface cards. Slide rails are installed in slots and can be removed for the installation of DSIC interface cards. CAUTION: Keep the removed slide rails for future use. Make sure the device is disconnected from the power supply before installing or removing an interface card. 23

31 Slide Rail SIC slide rail Figure 17 SIC slide rail Blank panel Figure 18 Blank panel Installing a DSIC Interface Card Follow these steps to install a DSIC interface card: Step1 Remove the blank panel covering the slot and keep it for future use. Step2 Determine the interface card type. Step3 Loosen the captive screws with a Philips screwdriver and remove the slide rails for future use. Step4 Insert the interface card in the slot and fasten the screws with a screwdriver. 24

32 Figure 19 Remove the slide rail Figure 20 Install the DSIC card Removing a DSIC Interface Card After removing a DSIC card or when installing two SIC cards, you need to install a slide rail, which separates a DSIC slot into two SIC slots. Removal is in the reverse order of installation. Follow these steps to remove a DSIC card: Step1 Loosen the screws on the interface card and remove the card. Step2 Insert a slide rail into the slot and fasten the captive screws on the slide rail. Step3 Install a blank panel if no cards are to be installed in the slot. Verifying Installation During router installation, you must verify installation each time you power on the router, making sure that: There is enough space around the router for heat-dissipation and the workbench is stable enough. The power supply matches the requirements of the router. The PGND cable of the router is correctly connected. The router is correctly connected to the console terminal and other devices. CAUTION: It is very important to verify the installation because the stability and grounding of the router and the power supply will directly affect the operation of the router. 25

33 Startup and Configuration Startup You can only configure the MSR 20 router through the console port if it is the first time you use it. Setting up Configuration Environment Connecting the router to a console terminal To set up the local configuration environment, RJ-45 connector of the console cable needs to be connected to the console port on the router, and DB-9 connector to the serial interface of a PC, as shown in the following figure. Figure 21 Local configuration through Console port Devece Console cable PC Setting the parameters for console terminal Step1 Open the console terminal and setting up a new connection. Select the serial interface to be connected in the Connect using field in the Connect to box as shown in the following figure. Note that the selected serial interface should be consistent with the actual serial interface connected by the console cable. 26

34 Figure 22 Setting the connection port in the local configuration Step2 Set terminal parameters. As shown in the following figure, in the properties dialog box of the serial interface, set the baud rate to 9600, data bit to 8, no parity check, stop bit to 1, and flow control to none. Then, click OK to return to the HyperTerminal window. Figure 23 Setting serial interface parameters Step3 Set HyperTerminal properties. Select File > Properties > Settings in the HyperTerminal to enter the properties setting window as shown in the following figure. Select the terminal emulation type to be VT100 or auto detect, and click OK to return to the HyperTerminal window. 27

35 Figure 24 Setting terminal type Powering on the Router Checking before power-on Check according to the following items before powering on the router. Whether the power cord and PGND wire are correctly connected. Whether the voltage of the power supply complies with the requirement of the router. Whether the console cable is correctly connected, whether the PC or terminal for configuration is open, and whether the settings are done. Whether the CF card is loosed. WARNING! Before powering on the router, the user should be aware where the switch of the power supply to the router is located, so that the power supply can be disconnected in time once accidents occur. Powering on the router Turn on the site power. Turn on the power switch on the router. Checking/operating after power-on After powering on the router, check that: 1. The LEDs on the front panel show that the router is operating normally. 2. The console terminal displays normally. 28

36 For local configuration, after you power on the router, you can see the startup banner. See section Startup Process. 3. After completing the power-on self-test (POST), the system asks you to press <Enter>. When the prompt appears, you may proceed to configure the router. Startup Process After power-on or during the reboot process, the following information is displayed on the terminal: System application is starting... Booting Normal Extend BootWare... The Extend BootWare is self-decompressing... Done! ************************************************************************** * * * MSR20-40 BootWare, Version 3.01 * * * ************************************************************************** Compiled Date : Jul CPU Type : MPC8248 CPU L1 Cache : 16KB CPU Clock Speed : 400MHz Memory Type : SDRAM Memory Size : 384MB Memory Speed : 100MHz BootWare Size : 4096KB Flash Size : 4MB cfa0 Size : 64MB CPLD Version : PCB Version : 2.0 BootWare Validating... Press Ctrl+B to enter extended boot menu... Press Ctrl+B to enter the extended Boot ROM menu. Otherwise, the system goes into the program decompression process. NOTE: Press Ctrl + B within six seconds after Press Ctrl+B to enter extended boot menu... appears to enter the extended Boot ROM menu. Otherwise, the system goes into the program decompression process. You need to restart the router if you want to enter the extended Boot ROM menu after the decompression process. starting to get the main application file--cfa0:/main.bin!

37 User interface con0 is available. Press ENTER to get started. Press Enter. The router enters user view and you can configure the router. Configuration Fundamentals In general, the configuration steps are as follows: Step1 Before configuring the router, the networking requirements should be made specific, which include networking purpose, the role of the router in the network, the division of subnets, WAN type and transmission medium, the network security policy and reliability. Step2 Based on the above requirements, draw a clear and integrated networking diagram. Step3 Configure the WAN interface of the router. First, configure the physical operating parameters (e.g., the operating mode of the serial interface, baud rate and synchronous clock) of the interface according to the transmission medium of the WAN. For the dial-up interface, the user also needs to configure DCC parameters. Then, configure the link layer protocol encapsulated on the interface and the related operating parameters according to the WAN type. Step4 Configure the IP addresses or IPX network numbers of all the interfaces on the router according to the division of the subnets. Step5 Configure the routes. If it is necessary to enable a dynamic routing protocol, the user should configure the related operating parameters of the protocol. Step6 If special security is required, perform the security configuration for the router. Step7 If special reliability is required, perform the reliability configuration for the router. See MSR Series Routers Configuration Guide for the configuration details of the protocols or functions of the router. Basic Configuration Procedures Command Line Interface Characteristics of the command line interface The command line interface of MSR 20 Routers provides a number of configuration commands, which can be used to configure and manage the router. The command line interface has the following characteristics: Performs the local configuration through Console port Performs the local or remote configuration through telnet command, which can be used to directly log on and manage other routers. Users can enter? anytime to get online help. Provides network diagnostic tools, such as Tracert and Ping, to quickly diagnose the availability of the network. Provides all kinds of detailed debugging information to diagnose network faults. 30

38 The command line interpreter adopts fuzzy search for the keywords of the command. If the user enters the conflict-free keyword for a command, the command will be interpreted accordingly. For example, for a display command, the user can just enter dis. Command line interface The command line interface of MSR 20 routers provides plenty of configuration commands. All the commands are grouped in system view. Each group corresponds to a view. The user can use these commands to switch between different configuration views. In general, only certain commands can be executed under a particular view. But some common commands (such as ping and display current-configuration) can be executed in all views. Arranging Slots and Numbering Interfaces Slot arrangement The MSR 20 provides many types of interfaces, such as console, AUX, Ethernet, serial (synchronous/asynchronous), and asynchronous port. The following describes how these interfaces are numbered. Figure 25 Slot arrangement on the MSR (1) Slot 1 (2) Slot 2 Figure 26 Slot arrangement on the MSR (1) Slot 1 (2) Slot 2 31

39 Figure 27 Slot arrangement on the MSR (1) Slot 1 (2) Slot 2 (3) Slot 3 (4) Slot 4 Interface numbering The MSR 20 Router interface adopts two dimension numbering rules, shown in the following: The interfaces are represented by interface-type X/Y, where interface-type can be serial, asynchronous, or Ethernet, and so on; X specifies the slot number; Y specifies the interface number. Fixed interfaces are on Slot 0. Different interfaces on an interface module share the same slot number X. For every interface, Y starts from 0 and Y indicates the interface sequence on the interface module, from left to right. If you install an SIC-1FEA and an SIC-4FSW respectively in SLOT1 and SLOT2 on the AR MSR 20-20, the Ethernet interfaces are numbered as follows: Fixed Ethernet interfaces are Ethernet 0/0 and Ethernet 0/1; The Ethernet interface on the SIC-1FE is Ethernet 1/0; The Ethernet interfaces on the SIC-4FSW module are Ethernet 2/0, Ethernet 2/1, Ethernet 2/2 and Ethernet 2/3. 32

40 Software Maintenance Introduction Files BootWare program file Application files The file is used to boot an application. A complete BootWare file includes two segments: basic and extended. The basic section is used for the basic initialization of the system. The extended section provides abundant human-computer interaction (HCI) functions and is used to initialize interfaces and update the applications and the boot system. After the basic section is loaded, you can load and update the extended section through the menu of the basic section. The router is available with Dual Image function. By default, the system defines and attempts to boot in order with three boot files: main, backup, and secure, provided they are available with CF card. If the router fails to boot with the secure boot file, it prompts the boot failure. For more information about the boot files, refer to section Maintaining Application and Configuration Files on page 53. The following table gives default names and types of boot files. Table 17 Default names and types of the boot files Boot file File name File type Main boot file main.bin M Backup boot file backup.bin B Secure boot file secure.bin S 33

41 Configuration file NOTE: The application programs for system boot can be type M, B and S, but not type N. You can store them in Flash memory, but only one for each. For example, if an M+B file exists, it is impossible to have another M or B file. If you change the file type of another file to B, the M+B file becomes a type M file. You can modify the name of an application file in storage after the application file is loaded. You cannot modify the file type of a type S application file, but you can modify the file type of type M/B and N application files in the BootWare menu or using commands after the application program boots. Secure boot file is the last resort for system boot. You can download it in the BootWare menu and must name it secure.bin. However, you cannot modify this file or change the type of another file to S. If you change the name of the secure boot file with the rename command after the system boots, the file is removed from CF card. To use the secure boot file after that, you need to download it again. You can store type M, B, S files in storage devices, but only one for each type in each storage device. For example, if a type M+B file exists in the Flash memory, there will be no type M or B file. If you change the type of a file to B, the M+B file will become a type M file. The file stores configuration information of the router. By default, the system defines three configuration files for booting: main, backup, and default file. If the three configuration files are loaded in a storage device, the system selects them in sequence until the router is successfully loaded. To change the sequence of these configuration files or modify them, refer to Maintaining Application and Configuration Files on page 53. The details about the three configuration files and file selection sequence are as follows: Main configuration file: The configuration file used for booting by default. The file type is M. Backup configuration file: The file type is B. The system uses the backup configuration file when it fails to boot using the main configuration file. Default configuration file: The file type can be M, B, or N. The system uses the default configuration file when it fails to boot using the backup configuration file. If the system fails to boot using the default configuration file, it boots with null configuration. The name of the default configuration file varies with router brands. The main and backup configuration operations on the default configuration file are the same as those on common configuration files. NOTE: The configuration files for system boot can be type M, B and default configuration file of type N, but not non-default configuration file of type N (i.e. neither M nor B). You can modify the file name of a configuration file in storage using the command after the configuration file is loaded. You cannot modify the type of the default configuration file, but you can modify the file type of type M/B and N configuration files in the BootWare menu or using commands after the configuration file is loaded. Software Maintenance Methods Upgrade BootWare and an application using the XModem protocol through a serial port. Upgrade an application from a TFTP/FTP server through an Ethernet interface in BootWare. Upload/download an application and configuration file from a TFTP/FTP server via command lines. 34

42 NOTE: The BootWare program is upgraded together with the Blinux application program. You do not need to upgrade the BootWare separately. When upgrading the Blinux program, the system checks whether the running BootWare version is consistent with that in the updating host application program. If inconsistent, the system asks whether to upgrade the BootWare. If you make no choice within one second, the system upgrades the BootWare automatically. When the flexible interface platform (FIP) starts, it automatically checks the running BootWare version. If the current version is inconsistent with the version used on the FIP, the system upgrades the BootWare automatically. Check the current version of BootWare and application program before upgrade. For the version configuration information, see the corresponding Release Notes. Figure 28 Upgrade flowchart for BootWare and Comware under Comware V5 environment Start Comware version Upgrade Comware? N Choose correct Comware Y Choose upgrade mode Via network interface Xmodem upgrade TFTP upgrade FTP upgrade Upgrade End Maintaining Application Program and Configuration Through Command Lines After the router is booted, you can upgrade and back up an application program, and back up and restore configurations through command lines. 35

43 Maintaining the Router Through TFTP Server In the TFTP service, the router is TFTP client and the file server is the TFTP server. You can enter commands on the terminal to upload or download configuration files or application programs to or from the file server. Setting up a configuration environment Set up a hardware environment (refer to Upgrading an Application Program Through an Ethernet Interface on page 46 for details), and point the server path to the directory where the file is stored. Figure 29 Network diagram for maintenance through command lines Configure the IP addresses of both sides on the same network. For example, the IP address of the TFTP server is set to , and that of the Ethernet interface connected to it (Ethernet 0/0 in this example) is set to Use the ping command to check whether the connection successful. Backing up and restoring application programs and configuration files After setting up the environment, perform the following operations on the console terminal: Use the dir command to view the files in the current file system: <SYSTEM>dir Directory of cfa0:/ 0 drw- - Dec :18:22 logfile 1 -rw Dec :18:10 update.bin 2 -rw Dec :42:54 startup.cfg 4 -rw Dec :42:28 main.bin KB total ( KB free) File system type of cfa0: FAT16 <SYSTEM> Use the following command to upload the startup.cfg file to the TFTP server and save it as startup.bak: <SYSTEM>tftp put startup.cfg startup.bak File will be transferred in binary mode Sending file to remote tftp server. Please wait... \ TFTP: 1045 bytes sent in 0 second(s). 36

44 File uploaded successfully. Use the following command to download the startup.cfg file from the server to the router: <SYSTEM>tftp get startup.cfg startup.cfg The file startup.cfg exists. Overwrite it?[y/n]:y Verifying server file... Deleting the old file, please wait... File will be transferred in binary mode Downloading file from remote tftp server, please wait...\ TFTP: 1045 bytes received in 0 second(s) File downloaded successfully. If a startup.cfg file already exists in the router, the system prompts you whether to overwrite it. You can type Y or y to overwrite it. Upgrading the application programs After setting up the environment, perform the following operations on the device (the application name is msr.bin for example): Use the save command to save the current configuration: <SYSTEM>save The current configuration will be written to the device. Are you sure? [Y/N]:y Please input the file name(*.cfg)[cfa0:/startup.cfg] (To leave the existing filename unchanged, press the enter key): Use the dir command to view the application files and the available space of the CF card (ensure that the CF card has enough space to store a new application): <SYSTEM>dir Directory of cfa0:/ 0 drw- - Dec :18:22 logfile 1 -rw Dec :18:10 update.bin 2 -rw Dec :42:54 startup.cfg 4 -rw Dec :42:28 main.bin KB total ( KB free) File system type of cfa0: FAT16 <SYSTEM> Download the application msr.bin to the CF card of the device through TFTP: <SYSTEM>tftp get msr.bin File will be transferred in binary mode Downloading file from remote TFTP server, please wait...\ TFTP: bytes received in 34 second(s) File downloaded successfully. Use the boot-loader command to set the startup file for the next startup to msr.bin: <SYSTEM>boot-loader file cfa0:/msr.bin main This command will set the boot file. Continue? [Y/N]:y The specified file will be used as the main boot file at the next reboot on slot 0! <SYSTEM> Use the display boot-loader command to view the startup file information of the device: 37

45 <SYSTEM>dis boot-loader The boot file used at this reboot:cfa0:/main.bin attribute: main The boot file used at the next reboot:cfa0:/msr.bin attribute: main Failed to get the backup boot file used at the next reboot! Failed to get the secure boot file used at the next reboot! <SYSTEM> Make sure that the configured startup file is correct, and then use the reboot command to reboot the device: <SYSTEM>reboot Start to check configuration with next startup configuration file, please wait...done! This command will reboot the device. Current configuration may be lost in next startup if you continue. Continue? [Y/N]:y After the device is rebooted, use the display boot-loader command to view the startup file information of the device to make sure that the current application of the device is msr.bin. CAUTION: When you back up a file, the file will directly overwrite the one with the same name on the server. The backup configuration file can be modified by a text editor. You can change the configuration by downloading the modified configuration file and the modification takes effect after you reboot the router. Similarly, you can also upgrade the main application file by downloading a new application file to overwrite the original main application file. The above operations are performed in user view. Before upgrading an application, save the current configuration of the device. When upgrading an application, use the dir command to view the size of the downloaded file and whether the file is the same as that on the server to ensure that the application is complete and correct. Maintaining the Router Through FTP Server Maintaining the router serving as the FTP server File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is an application-layer protocol in the TCP/IP protocol suite. It is mainly used for file transfer between remote hosts. Over TCP, FTP provides reliable and connection-oriented data transfer service, but does not provide any access authorization and authentication mechanism. In the FTP service, the router can serve as the FTP server. You can run the FTP client to log in to the router access files on the router. Before using FTP, you need to install the FTP client. No FTP client is shipped with the H3C MSR 20 routers. In the following example, the FTP client application program is the built-in Windows XP FTP client. Step1 Set up a hardware maintenance environment, as shown in the following figure: 38

46 Figure 30 Maintain the router serving as the server Ethernet cable Router TFTP/FTP Server Console cable PC TFTP/FTP Client Configure the IP addresses of both sides on the same network. In this section, the IP address of the FTP client (PC) is set to , and that of the connected Ethernet interface on the router (Ethernet 0/0) is set to Use the ping command to check the connectivity. Step2 Enable the FTP service. After configuring authentication and authorization, you can enable the FTP service. The FTP server supports multi-user access. Upon receiving the request from a remote FTP client, the FTP server executes an action accordingly and returns the execution result to the client. Use the following command to enable the FTP service: [SYSTEM]ftp server enable % Start FTP server Add an authorized username and password: [SYSTEM]local-user guest [SYSTEM-luser- guest]service-type ftp [SYSTEM-luser- guest]password simple Step3 Maintain the router. After enabling the FTP service and configuring the username and password, you can enable the FTP client on the PC. In the following example, the FTP client application program is the built-in Windows XP FTP client. Type ftp in the DOS window, and the system prompt is changed to ftp>: C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>ftp ftp> ftp> open Connected to FTP service ready. User ( :(none)): guest 331 Password required for guest Password: 230 User logged in. 39

47 After you correctly enter the username and password, the system prompts login success. You can then maintain the router, for example, modify transmission mode and local path, and back up files. In this example, the main.bin file on the router is copied to the PC. ftp> binary 200 Type set to I. ftp> lcd c:\temp Local directory now C:\temp. ftp> get main.bin main.bin 200 Port command okay. 150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for main.bin. 226 Transfer complete. ftp: bytes received in 16.81Seconds Kbytes/sec. Use the following command to recover the backup file to the router: ftp> put main.bin main.bin 200 Port command okay. 150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for main.bin. 226 Transfer complete. ftp: bytes sent in 8.29Seconds Kbytes/sec. ftp> quit 221 Server closing. Maintaining the router serving as a client You can also maintain the router file system by setting up an FTP environment where the router serves as an FTP client. Step1 Set up a maintenance environment. Figure 31 Maintain the router serving as a client The router serves as the client, while the PC running FTP server program serves as the FTP server. Set the FTP server path and add username and password for the router. 40

48 Configure the IP addresses of both sides on the same network. In this section, the IP address of the FTP server is set to , and that of the connected Ethernet interface on the router (Ethernet 0/0 in this example) is set to Use the ping command to check the connectivity. Step2 Maintain the router through the terminal connected with the console interface of the router. The following gives an example: <SYSTEM>ftp Trying Press CTRL+K to abort Connected to Com 3CDaemon FTP Server Version 2.0 User( :(none)):guest 331 User name ok, need password Password: 230 User logged in [ftp] Step3 Use the following commands to maintain the router. Here, the get and put commands are used to restore and back up files. [ftp]get main.bin main.bin cfa0:/main.bin has been existing. Overwrite it?[y/n]:y 200 PORT command successful. 150 File status OK ; about to open data connection 226 Closing data connection; File transfer successful. FTP: byte(s) received in second(s) K byte(s)/sec. [ftp]put main.bin main.bin 200 PORT command successful. 150 File status OK ; about to open data connection 226 Closing data connection; File transfer successful. FTP: byte(s) sent in second(s) Kbyte(s)/sec. [ftp]quit 221 Service closing control connection After an application is uploaded to the device, you can use the boot-loader command to upgrade the device. For the upgrade procedure, refer to Upgrading the application on page 37. BootWare Menu Main BootWare Menu When the router is powered on and reboots, the console terminal displays: System application is starting... Booting Normal Extend BootWare... The Extend BootWare is self-decompressing... Done! ************************************************************************** 41

49 * * * MSR20-11 BootWare, Version 3.01 * * * ************************************************************************** Compiled Date : Jul CPU Type : MPC8248 CPU L1 Cache : 16KB CPU Clock Speed : 400MHz Memory Type : SDRAM Memory Size : 384MB Memory Speed : 100MHz BootWare Size : 4096KB Flash Size : 4MB cfa0 Size : 64MB CPLD Version : PCB Version : 2.0 BootWare Validating... Press Ctrl+B to enter extended boot menu... NOTE: The extended BootWare menu is referred to as main BootWare menu hereinafter in this manual unless otherwise specified. The sample output above may vary on your device. If you press Ctrl+B when the system displays Press Ctrl+B to enter extended boot menu..., the system prompts for the BootWare password: Please input BootWare password: After you enter the correct password, the system enters the main BootWare menu. (The initial password is null. You have three chances to provide the correct BootWare password. If you have tried three times but failed, you need to reboot the system). Note: The current operating device is cfa0 Enter < Storage Device Operation > to select device. ==========================<EXTEND-BOOTWARE MENU>========================== <1> Boot System <2> Enter Serial SubMenu <3> Enter Ethernet SubMenu <4> File Control <5> Modify BootWare Password <6> Skip Current System Configuration <7> BootWare Operation Menu <8> Clear Super Password <9> Storage Device Operation <0> Reboot ========================================================================== 42

50 Enter your choice(0-9): This menu is described as follows: Table 18 Main BootWare menu Item Description <1> Boot System Bootstrap. <2> Enter Serial SubMenu <3> Enter Ethernet SubMenu <4> File Control Enter the serial interface submenu. For details about the submenu, refer to Serial interface submenu on page 43. Enter the Ethernet interface submenu. For details about the submenu, refer to Ethernet interface submenu on page 44. File control submenu. For details about the submenu, refer to File control submenu on page 44. <5> Modify BootWare Password Modify the BootWare password. <6> Skip Current System Configuration <7> BootWare Operation Menu <8> Clear Super Password <9> Storage Device Operation Boot the system with the default setting, instead of the current system configuration file. This function takes effect only for this startup. It is usually used after you lose your password. BootWare operation submenu. For details about the submenu, refer to BootWare operation submenu on page 45. Remove the super password. You need to use the super password when switching the user level. After you select the option, the super password will be cleared only at the first reboot. At the next reboot, the super password will restore. The storage device operation menu, where you can select a storage device. <0> Reboot Reboot the router. BootWare Submenus Serial interface submenu Through this submenu, you can upgrade an application program, change the baud rate of a serial interface, and perform other operations. Enter 2 in the main BootWare menu to enter the serial interface submenu: ==========================<Enter Serial SubMenu>========================== Note:the operating device is cfa0 <1> Download Application Program To SDRAM And Run <2> Update Main Application File <3> Update Backup Application File <4> Update Secure Application File <5> Modify Serial Interface Parameter <0> Exit To Main Menu ========================================================================== 43

51 Enter your choice(0-5): The submenu is described as follows: Table 19 BootWare serial interface submenu Item <1> Download Application Program To SDRAM And Run Description Download an application program to SDRAM and run it. <2> Update Main Application File Upgrade the main application program. <3> Update Backup Application File Upgrade the backup application program. <4> Update Secure Application File Upgrade the secure application program. <5> Modify Serial Interface Parameter Modify serial interface parameters. <0> Exit To Main Menu Return to the main BootWare menu. Ethernet interface submenu Enter 3 in the main BootWare menu to enter the Ethernet interface submenu. The system displays: =========================<Enter Ethernet SubMenu>========================= Note:the operating device is cfa0 <1> Download Application Program To SDRAM And Run <2> Update Main Application File <3> Update Backup Application File <4> Update Secure Application File <5> Modify Ethernet Parameter <0> Exit To Main Menu <Ensure The Parameter Be Modified Before Downloading!> ========================================================================== Enter your choice(0-5): The Ethernet interface submenu is described as follows: Table 20 Ethernet interface submenu Item <1> Download Application Program To SDRAM And Run Description Download the application program to SDRAM and run it. <2> Update Main Application File Upgrade the main application program. <3> Update Backup Application File Upgrade the backup application program. <4> Update Secure Application File Upgrade the secure application program. <5> Modify Ethernet Parameter Modify Ethernet interface parameters. <0> Exit To Main Menu Return to the main BootWare menu. File control submenu Enter 4 in the main BootWare menu to enter the file control submenu. Through this submenu, you can view application program file type in the memory, modify a file name, and delete a file. ==============================<File CONTROL>============================== Note:the operating device is cfa0 44

52 <1> Display All File(s) <2> Set Application File type <3> Set Configuration File type <4> Delete File <0> Exit To Main Menu ========================================================================== Enter your choice(0-4): The submenu is described as follows: Table 21 File control submenu Item Description <1> Display All File Display all files. <2> Set Application File type Set an application file type. <3> Set Configuration File type Set a configuration file type. <4> Delete File Delete a file. <0> Exit To Main Menu Return to the main BootWare menu. BootWare operation submenu Enter 7 in the main BootWare menu to enter the BootWare operation submenu: ========================<BootWare Operation Menu>========================= Note:the operating device is cfa0 <1> Backup Full BootWare <2> Restore Full BootWare <3> Update BootWare By Serial <4> Update BootWare By Ethernet <0> Exit To Main Menu ========================================================================== Enter your choice(0-4): The submenu is described as follows: Table 22 BootWare operation submenu Item Description <1> Backup Full BootWare Back up the full BootWare. <2> Restore Full BootWare Restore the full BootWare. <3> Update BootWare By Serial Upgrade BootWare through a serial interface <4> Update BootWare By Ethernet Upgrade BootWare through an Ethernet interface <0> Exit To Main Menu Return to the Main BootWare menu 45

53 Upgrading an Application Program Through an Ethernet Interface Enter 3 in the BootWare menu to enter the Ethernet interface submenu. For details about the submenu, refer to BootWare Submenus on page 43. Configuring Ethernet Interface Parameters Before upgrading an application program through an Ethernet interface, we need to configure the Ethernet interface on the router as follows: Enter 3 in the BootWare menu to enter the Ethernet interface submenu. Then, enter 5 to enter the change Ethernet parameter submenu: =========================<ETHERNET PARAMETER SET>========================= Note: '.' = Clear field. '-' = Go to previous field. Ctrl+D = Quit. ========================================================================== Protocol (FTP or TFTP) :tftp ftp Load File Name :host : Target File Name :target : Server IP Address : Local IP Address : Gateway IP Address : FTP User Name :user FTP User Password :password Table 23 Ethernet parameters settings description Parameter '.' = Clear field '-' = Go to previous field Ctrl+D = Quit Protocol (FTP or TFTP) Load File Name Target File Name Server IP Address Local IP Address Description To clear the current field, input a (.) and then press Enter. To go to the previous field, input a hyphen (-) and then press Enter. The shortcut key combination for exiting the parameter configuration page is Ctrl+D. Select a transmission protocol, FTP or TFTP. Name of the source file, which must be consistent with the actual name of the file to be downloaded. Name for the target file to be saved. By default, it is the same as the name of the source file on the server. IP address of the FTP/TFTP server. To set a mask, separate the IP address from the mask with a colon (:), for example, :24. IP address of the local end, that is, the IP address of the FTP/TFTP client. 46

54 Parameter Gateway IP Address FTP User Name FTP User Password Description Configure the gateway IP address if the server and the client are not on the same network segment. This option is not available for TFTP. This option is not available for TFTP. NOTE: Upon upgrade failure, the system prompts Loading failed. In this case, please reboot the router to validate the reset IP address. Only FE0 can be used for upgrading an application program through an Ethernet interface in the MSR 20 routers and GE0 can be used in the MSR 30 and MSR 50 routers. Upgrading Procedure Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP), a protocol in the TCP/IP protocol suite, is used to transfer trivial files between clients and the server. It provides not-so-complex and low-cost file transfer services. TFTP provides unreliable data transfer services over UDP and does not provide any access authorization and authentication mechanism. It employs timeout and retransmission to guarantee the successful delivery of data. The TFTP software is much smaller than the FTP software in size: File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is an application-layer protocol in the TCP/IP protocol suite. It mainly transfers files among remote hosts. Over TCP, FTP provides reliable and connection-oriented data transfer service but does not provide access authorization and authentication mechanism. Step1 Set up an upgrade environment. Figure 32 Set up a TFTP/FTP upgrade environment Connect Ethernet 0/0 to a PC with a crossover cable. Start the TFTP/FTP program on the PC, and set the path of TFTP/FTP server to directory of the application program. You need to set username and password if FTP server is used. 47

55 CAUTION: No TFTP/FTP Server is shipped with the MSR 20 routers. Step2 Modify Ethernet interface parameters. For details, refer to Configuring Ethernet Interface Parameters on page 46. Step3 Enter 3 in the main BootWare menu to enter the Ethernet Interface submenu. For example, when upgrading the main application program, enter 2: Loading Done! bytes downloaded! Updating File cfa0:/update.bin Step4 Enter 0 to return to the main BootWare menu. Enter 1 to boot the system from the Flash memory. Step5 Set the upgraded application program to the main application file, namely, the default boot file of the system. Enter 4 when the above information appears. ==============================<File CONTROL>============================== Note:the operating device is cfa0 <1> Display All File(s) <2> Set Application File type <3> Set Configuration File type <4> Delete File <0> Exit To Main Menu ========================================================================== Enter your choice(0-4):2 Enter the file control submenu and enter 2 to set the application file type. 'M' = MAIN 'B' = BACKUP 'S' = SECURE 'N/A' = NOT ASSIGNED ========================================================================== NO. Size(B) Time Type Name Dec/20/ :18:10 S cfa0:/update.bin Dec/20/ :42:28 M cfa0:/main.bin 0 Exit ========================================================================== Enter file No:1 Enter the number of the file name to be modified. Modify the file attribute: ========================================================================== <1> +Main <2> -Main <3> +Backup <4> -Backup <0> Exit ========================================================================== Enter your choice(0-4):1 Enter 1 to set the selected application program to the main application file, namely, the default boot file of the system. 48

56 Step6 Enter 0 to return to the main BootWare menu. Enter 1 to boot the system. CAUTION: If the input file name is the same as the original one in the Flash memory, the system prompts that The file is exist, will you overwrite it? [Y/N]. Enter Y to overwrite the original file. The new application program file will then overwrite the original file of this type, ensuring the uniqueness of the application program on the device. Make sure the available space in the memory is sufficient. Or, the system prompts The free space isn't enough! The file updated will directly overwrite the original file of this type to become the only application program. The file downloaded here will overwrite the original M file and become the main boot program. For details of file types, refer to Files on page 33. You can set the main or backup attribute only for the startup file in the root directory of the device. Upgrading BootWare Through Ethernet Interface You can also upgrade the BootWare through Ethernet interface. Enter 4 in the BootWare submenu, and the system displays: ==================<BOOTWARE OPERATION ETHERNET SUB-MENU>================== <1> Update Full BootWare <2> Update Extend BootWare <3> Update Basic BootWare <4> Modify Ethernet Parameter <0> Exit To Main Menu ========================================================================== Enter your choice(0-4): Before upgrading, enter 4 in the menu to configuring Ethernet parameters. For details, refer to Configuring Ethernet Interface Parameters on page 46. Then you can select to upgrade full BootWare, extended BootWare, or basic BootWare. Upgrading BootWare Through Serial Interface Use XModem to upgrade BootWare through a serial interface. XModem Protocol Overview To upgrade the BootWare and application program through a serial interface, use the XModem protocol. XModem is a file transfer protocol widely used for its simplicity and good performance. Modem transfers files through serial interfaces. It supports transmission of packets in 128 bytes and 1 KB, error check (checksum and CRC), and error retransmission (generally the maximum number of retransmission attempts is 10). XModem transmission is completed by the cooperation of a receiver and a sender. The receiver sends a negotiation message to the sender to negotiate an error check method. After the negotiation, the sender 49

57 starts to transmit data packets. After a complete packet is received, the receiver checks the packet using the agreed method. If the check is passed, the receiver sends an acknowledgement message to the sender. Upon receiving the message, the sender continues to send the next packet. If the check fails, the receiver sends a negative acknowledgement message to the sender. Upon receiving the message, the sender retransmits the packet. Modifying Serial Interface Parameters Sometimes, we need to increase the baud rate of a serial interface to save software upgrade time, or lower the baud rate to guarantee transmission reliability. This section describes how to adjust the baud rate of a serial interface. Enter 2 in the main BootWare menu to enter the serial interface submenu. Then, enter 5 and the system prompts for changing a baud rate. ==============================<BAUDRATE SET>============================== Note:'*'indicates the current baudrate Change The HyperTerminal's Baudrate Accordingly <Baudrate Avaliable> <1> 9600(Default)* <2> <3> <4> <5> <0> Exit ========================================================================== Enter your choice(0-5): Select a proper baud rate, 5 for bps for example. The following prompt appears: Baudrate has been changed to bps. Please change the terminal's baudrate to bps, press ENTER when ready. Since the baud rate of the serial interface on the router is changed to bps, whereas the terminal baud rate remains 9600 bps, they cannot communicate with each other. Change the baud rate on the console terminal to the one selected for downloading software. Perform the following configurations on the console terminal: Figure 33 Disconnect terminal Select File > Properties, and press Configure to change the baud rate to bps: 50

58 Figure 34 Modify baud rate Select Call > Call to establish a new connection. Figure 35 Establish a new connection Press Enter to view the current baud rate and return to the previous menu. The system displays: The current baudrate is bps NOTE: Restore the baud rate in the HyperTerminal to 9600 bps after upgrading the BootWare. This ensures that the information can be displayed on the console terminal after system boot or reboot. Upgrading BootWare First, enter 7 in the main BootWare menu (refer to Main BootWare Menu on page 41) to enter the BootWare operation submenu, through which all BootWare operations are performed. For details, refer to BootWare Submenus on page 43. The following example illustrates how to upgrade the full BootWare: 51

59 Enter 3 in the BootWare operation menu. The system displays: ===================<BOOTWARE OPERATION SERIAL SUB-MENU>=================== <1> Update Full BootWare <2> Update Extend BootWare <3> Update Basic BootWare <4> Modify Serial Interface Parameter <0> Exit To Main Menu ========================================================================== Enter your choice(0-4): Enter 1, and the system displays: Please Start To Transfer File, Press <Ctrl+C> To Exit. Waiting...CC Select Transfer > Send file in the HyperTerminal window. The following window appears: Figure 36 Send file dialog box Click Browse to select the application program file to be downloaded, and select XModem for the Protocol field. Then click Send. The following interface appears: Figure 37 Sending file interface Upon completion of downloading, the following information appears, indicating that download and upgrade succeeds: Download successfully! bytes downloaded! Change the baud rate of the console terminal from bps to 9600 bps, and then reboot the router. 52